Association of serum 25(OH)D3 and cognitive levels with biological aging in the elderly: a cross-sectional study.

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Frontiers in Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-05-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fnut.2025.1581610

Mingkai Li, Chenyang Li, Le Cheng, Chenhui Lv, Lushan Xue, Cheng Zhang, Ziping Bai, Xi Wang, Shuangzhi Chen, Qinfei Guo, Yafei Zhao, Haifeng Zhao

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Biological aging, a fundamental process affecting health and longevity, is pivotal to understanding the physiological decline associated with aging. Serum vitamin D3 deficiency and cognitive impairment are common health issues among older adults. However, the joint associations of serum vitamin D levels and cognitive impairment with biological aging remain poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate the independent and combined associations of serum vitamin D3 and cognitive impairment with biological aging in older adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included adults aged 60 years and older from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Biological aging was measured using Phenotypic Age calculated from biomarkers. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Centre for the Establishment of a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) test, the Animal Fluency test (AFT), and the Digit Symbol Substitution test (DSST). Multivariable regression and restricted cubic spline models were used to examine the relationships between serum 25(OH)D3 levels, cognitive performance, and biological aging.

Results: After adjusting for all covariates, individuals in the highest quartile of cognitive performance had a reduced risk of biological aging compared to those in the lowest quartile (CERAD: OR 0.91; 95% CI, 0.57-1.46; AFT: OR 0.48; 95% CI, 0.29-0.82; DSST: OR 0.43; 95% CI, 0.24-0.77). A U-shaped relationship was observed between serum 25(OH)D3 levels and biological aging. Combined analyses revealed that individuals with both low serum 25(OH)D3 and low cognitive performance had the highest risk of biological aging across all cognitive tests (CERAD: OR 1.43; 95% CI, 1.02-1.98; AFT: OR 1.70; 95% CI, 1.24-2.32; DSST: OR 1.67; 95% CI, 1.22-2.27). Notably, in the DSST, individuals with normal serum 25(OH)D3 levels and normal cognitive performance showed a reduction in Phenotypic Age by 2.40 years (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: In older adults, low serum 25(OH)D3 levels combined with low cognitive performance are strongly associated with an increased risk of biological aging.

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血清25(OH)D3和认知水平与老年人生物衰老的关联：一项横断面研究。

背景：生物衰老是影响健康和寿命的基本过程，对于理解与衰老相关的生理衰退至关重要。血清维生素D3缺乏和认知障碍是老年人常见的健康问题。然而，血清维生素D水平和认知障碍与生物衰老的联合关系仍然知之甚少。本研究旨在评估血清维生素D3和认知障碍与老年人生物衰老的独立和联合关系。方法：本横断面研究纳入了2011-2014年全国健康与营养调查（NHANES）中年龄在60岁 及以上的成年人。使用从生物标志物计算的表型年龄来测量生物衰老。认知能力的评估采用了阿尔茨海默病注册中心（CERAD）测试、动物流畅性测试（AFT）和数字符号替代测试（DSST）。使用多变量回归和限制三次样条模型来检验血清25(OH)D3水平、认知能力和生物衰老之间的关系。结果：在对所有协变量进行调整后，认知表现最高四分位数的个体与最低四分位数的个体相比，生物衰老的风险降低(CERAD: OR 0.91；95% ci, 0.57-1.46；船尾：或0.48；95% ci, 0.29-0.82；Dsst：或0.43；95% ci, 0.24-0.77)。血清25(OH)D3水平与生物衰老呈u型关系。综合分析显示，在所有认知测试中，血清25(OH)D3低和认知能力低的个体生物衰老的风险最高(CERAD: OR 1.43；95% ci, 1.02-1.98；船尾：或1.70；95% ci, 1.24-2.32；Dsst：或1.67；95% ci, 1.22-2.27)。值得注意的是，在DSST中，血清25(OH)D3水平正常和认知能力正常的个体显示表型年龄减少2.40 年（p ）。结论：在老年人中，低血清25(OH)D3水平结合低认知能力与生物衰老风险增加密切相关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Nutrition Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

8.00%

发文量

2891

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： No subject pertains more to human life than nutrition. The aim of Frontiers in Nutrition is to integrate major scientific disciplines in this vast field in order to address the most relevant and pertinent questions and developments. Our ambition is to create an integrated podium based on original research, clinical trials, and contemporary reviews to build a reputable knowledge forum in the domains of human health, dietary behaviors, agronomy & 21st century food science. Through the recognized open-access Frontiers platform we welcome manuscripts to our dedicated sections relating to different areas in the field of nutrition with a focus on human health. Specialty sections in Frontiers in Nutrition include, for example, Clinical Nutrition, Nutrition & Sustainable Diets, Nutrition and Food Science Technology, Nutrition Methodology, Sport & Exercise Nutrition, Food Chemistry, and Nutritional Immunology. Based on the publication of rigorous scientific research, we thrive to achieve a visible impact on the global nutrition agenda addressing the grand challenges of our time, including obesity, malnutrition, hunger, food waste, sustainability and consumer health.