Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Association of neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with the cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome and its cardiovascular mortality.","authors":"Yaying Xu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1594041","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1594041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome is a novel multi-system disease defined by the American Heart Association (AHA). This study aims to investigate the associations between the neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) and CKM syndrome and its association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data for this study were derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 2005 to 2018 and the National Death Index (NDI) database. Weighted multivariate logistic regression and Cox regression were the primary analytical methods. restricted cubic spline (RCS) and subgroup analyses were also carried out.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 13,165 participants were included in this study. The weighted mean of NHR was 3.14 ± 0.03. The prevalence rate of CKM syndrome was 17.36%. The results of the weighted logistic regression indicated that there was a positive association between NHR and CKM syndrome (OR_{per SD}: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.10-1.42, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Among the quartile groups of NHR, the prevalence rate of CKM syndrome showed an increase (<i>p</i> for trend <0.0001). Among individuals with CKM syndrome, the results of the weighted Cox regression demonstrated that NHR also significantly predicted CVD mortality (HR_{per SD}: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.14-1.50, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Among the quartile groups of NHR, the risk of CVD mortality also increased in a trend (<i>p</i> for trend = 0.01). Furthermore, RCS analysis showed a positive linear association between NHR and CKM syndrome (non-linear <i>p</i> = 0.075) and between NHR and CVD mortality (non-linear <i>p</i> = 0.300). The subgroup analysis suggested that the relationship between NHR and the outcomes was robust, and there was no significant interaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrates that NHR is not only associated with an increased prevalence of CKM syndrome but also serves as an effective predictor for CVD mortality in patients with CKM syndrome. This provides new insights into the clinical identification and prognostic evaluation of CKM syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1594041"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12173847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144325043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: The roles of serum vitamin D and tobacco smoke exposure in insomnia: a cross-sectional study of adults in the United States.","authors":"Tianci Gao, Mengxing Hou, Qianfei Wang, Dong Liu, Fenqiao Chen, Yueyi Xing, Jianqiang Mei","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1632721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1632721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1285494.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1632721"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between Dietary Oxidative Balance Score and muscle strength: NHANES 2011-2014.","authors":"Li Sun, Changyu Xu, Gang Wang, Changming Jin, Haoran Hu, Yanyan Liu, Yang Li, Changhui Tang, Qingli Hua","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1563451","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1563451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary Oxidative Balance Score (DOBS) is an indicator, and on muscle strength remains largely unexplored in existing literature. We aimed to investigate the potential association between DOBS and muscle strength, and to explore possible interactions between DOBS and other covariates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The association between DOBS and muscle strength under adjustment for confounders was analyzed using a weighted generalized linear regression model. A stratified analysis was used to conduct a sensitivity analysis of the linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The positive association between DOBS and muscle strength were found in this study. DOBS was positively associated with muscle strength only in the active activity subgroup. And the association between DOBS and muscle strength was stronger in the non-hypertensive group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DOBS and muscle strength showed an associated effect, and there was an interaction between DOBS with physical activity as well as hypertension, respectively. Individuals are encouraged to enhance DOBS levels. The findings may provide some potential theoretical references for the prevention of muscle strength loss through oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1563451"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical composition and nutritional properties of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> water extract and its effects in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetic osteoporosis.","authors":"Fanfan Jia, Sirui Kang, Xinxin Li, Yiheng Quan, Ruiqing Gao, Chen Chen","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1591070","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1591070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Gastrodia elata</i> Blume (<i>G. elata</i>) is an edible medicinal homologous plant with a long history of use. However, to date, there is no evidence of the nutritional components and anti-diabetic and osteoporotic effects of the water extract of <i>G. elata</i> (WGE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, WGE was prepared and analyzed for moisture, ash, protein, lipid, mineral, amino acid, total phenolic, and flavonoid content. WGE was analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS). Furthermore, the effect of WGE on streptozotocin-induced osteoporosis in diabetic rats was explored, along with an in-depth examination of the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that WGE reduced blood glucose, water, food intake, and body weight and improved Hyperglycemia and organ coefficients. WGE treatment noticeably increased bone mineral density (BMD), repaired bone morphology (BM), restored bone histomorphometric parameters, and ameliorated pathological pancreatic lesions in diabetic rats. It significantly elevated the activity of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase in liver tissues, osteoblast numbers, and the mRNA and protein expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). WGE treatment reduced serum inflammatory cytokine levels and the number of osteoclasts and bone marrow adipocytes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The protective effect of WGE against diabetic osteoporosis arises from several mechanisms: lowering blood glucose levels, inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation, and modulating OPG/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) expression. Our results indicated that WGE could serve as a theoretical foundation for the treatment of diabetic osteoporosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1591070"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of dietary inflammatory index and composite dietary antioxidant index with erectile dysfunction and the mediating role of metabolic dysregulation: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2001-2004 data.","authors":"Lang Wang, Can Wei, Junfeng Jing, Dawei Ni, Mingmin Shao, Jingxiong Chen, Wei Wu, Yanbin Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1538874","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1538874","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inflammation and oxidative stress are a common and fundamental factor in the pathological process leading to erectile dysfunction (ED) and metabolic dysregulation. We aimed to reveal the relationship between the DII, composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI), and ED, as well as the mediating role of MS, TyG index, MAP, UA, and TC on this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 1,488 participants from the NHANES surveys conducted between 2001 and 2004. The DII was constructed using 27 dietary components related to inflammatory potential, while the CDAI was built using six key minerals and vitamins. In the analysis, Spearman correlation, generalized linear models, and weighted logistic regression models were employed. The mediating roles of metabolic indicators in the relationships were investigated using Causal mediation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After comprehensive adjustment for confounding factors, we found a significant association between DII (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03-1.11, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and CDAI (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-1.00, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and ED. Additionally, all metabolic indicators except for the TyG index (OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.20-1.96, <i>p</i> < 0.01), did not show a significant association with the risk of ED. The DII^high + CDAI^low group had the highest ED risk. Further mediation analysis indicated that TyG played a mediating role between DII and ED, while MS played a mediating role between CDAI and ED.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study indicates that DII and CDAI were significantly associated with ED.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1538874"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactobacillus GG and other probiotics in pediatric food allergy treatment: a network meta-analysis.","authors":"Li Xiaohua, Du Yiting, Li Qin, Zhai Yang, Wu Shumao, Peng Li, Pan Yi, Chen Lingmei, Liao Wenge, Li Maoxia","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1565436","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1565436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Food allergies are a significant health challenge in children, impacting quality of life and posing a burden on healthcare systems. Probiotics have been proposed as a potential treatment for food allergies, but their efficacy remains controversial. This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to assess the comparative effectiveness of different probiotics in managing pediatric food allergies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the Cochrane Handbook and PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Medline up to March 5, 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating probiotics for pediatric food allergies were included. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used for quality assessment. Network meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models to calculate standardized mean differences (SMDs), odds ratios (ORs), and surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) for different probiotics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen RCTs involving 1,502 participants aged 1 month to 10 years were included. Eight probiotic interventions were analyzed. Lactobacillus GG (LGG) was identified as the most effective in reducing Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) scores (SMD = -4.24, 95% CI [-7.12, -1.36]; <i>p</i> < 0.05) and improving quality of life. For IgE regulation, <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> (LB) demonstrated the greatest efficacy (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Publication bias was minimal for SCORAD and IgE outcomes, but some bias was detected for quality of life due to the limited number of studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that LGG is the most effective probiotic for improving clinical outcomes in pediatric food allergy management, particularly for SCORAD scores and quality of life. However, further high-quality RCTs are needed to validate these findings and explore the mechanisms underlying the differential efficacy of probiotic strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1565436"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low dietary calcium intake leads to a higher colorectal cancer burden in countries with low social development: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.","authors":"Junhong Wu, Ziyi Zhang, Jiong Chen, Shiya Yu, Donglin Liu, Junhui Jiang, Tingting Liu, Hu Zhao, Yu Wang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1545085","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1545085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Numerous studies have demonstrated that individuals with low calcium intake are at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC), and calcium intake exhibits significant global variation. However, a comprehensive analysis of the diet low in calcium-attributable colorectal cancer (DLCACRC) disease burden remains lacking.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the global distribution and temporal trends of DLCACRC from 1990 to 2021, providing evidence to support the development of evidence-based nutrition policies. Methods: Data on deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), mortality rates, and DALYs of DLCACRC between 1990 and 2021 were extracted from the GBD database. Age-standardized data were utilized to facilitate comparisons across regions and countries. Joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to assess temporal patterns in disease burden. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to quantify the rate of change in relevant indicators. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the disease burden and the Social Development Index (SDI).</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>In 2021, the global age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of DLCACRC reached 1.06 (95% CI: 0.77-1.33), while the age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rate (ASDR) was 24.7 (95% CI: 18.17-31.02). These metrics demonstrated a downward trend, showing 31.3 and 33.3% reductions, respectively, compared to 1990. The most rapid reductions in ASMR and ASDR were occurred during 2004 and 2007, with annual percentage change (APC) of -2.12 (95% CI: -2.80-1.43) and -2.29 (95% CI: -2.92-1.65), respectively. Significant differences in disease burden were observed across countries and regions, with Southeast Asia reporting the highest ASMR and ASDR of DLCACRC. At the national level, Zambia recorded the highest ASMR and ASDR. Women experienced a higher disease burden than men, and the disease burden was positively correlated with age.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From 1990 to 2021, the global disease burden of DLCACRC declined, although substantial regional disparities persist. Governments in these regions should adopt targeted strategies to enhance calcium intake among residents, thereby alleviating the disease burden. Particular attention should be given to women and older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1545085"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare professionals' perception of the ketogenic diet among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Saleha Alqarni, Eatedal Eenizan Alsaeedi, Rayan A Siraj, Yousef Saad Aldabayan, Amal Ismael Abdelhafez","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1558151","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1558151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory disorder characterized by persistent inflammation and airflow limitation. The ketogenic diet (KD), recognized for its anti-inflammatory properties, has potential therapeutic benefits for COPD management. However, healthcare professionals' perceptions of KD's efficacy and applicability in COPD care remain underexplored, particularly in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between June and September 2024, targeting healthcare professionals involved in COPD management. The survey evaluated perceptions of KD's benefits, limitations, and current nutritional practices. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were performed using JASP to identify predictors of KD training uptake and the likelihood of discussing dietary interventions with COPD patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,068 healthcare professionals participated in the survey. Of these, 58% believed KD could improve quality of life in COPD patients, and 61% acknowledged its potential to reduce inflammation. Logistic regression identified familiarity with KD as significant predictor for receiving KD training (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Concerns regarding KD's adverse effects, such as constipation and dehydration, were noted by 76% of respondents. Only 14% reported recommending KD, citing insufficient evidence and lack of professional training as primary barriers. Additionally, 74% highlighted patient adherence challenges due to KD's restrictive nature and potential side effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>KD shows promise as a complementary therapy for COPD by modulating inflammation and improving symptom management. Addressing barriers such as limited evidence and inadequate professional training is essential. Further research is required to establish the efficacy and safety of KD in COPD care.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1558151"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A1 protein free milk benefits mood and subjective cognition in free-living Australian adults: a pragmatic, exploratory, open label randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Carlene Starck, Michelle Blumfield, Peter Petocz, Emily Duve, Lucy Downey, Kylie Abbott, Flavia Fayet-Moore","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1579986","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1579986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adverse effects of milk containing A1-type β-casein on digestion, immune response, and cognition have been identified in milk-intolerant individuals, but health effects in healthy individuals without symptoms of milk intolerance are yet to be examined.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective was to explore the impact of reducing A1 type β-casein intake via switching milk type from conventional A1/A2-type β-casein milk (A1/A2 milk) to A1-type β-casein protein free milk (A1PF) on brain, immune response, gastrointestinal, and skin (BIGS) outcomes in a real-world setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An open-label, pragmatic, exploratory randomised controlled trial was conducted in 997 healthy, free-living Australian older adolescents and adults (16-65 years) who regularly consume A1/A2 protein-containing milk and milk products. Participants were randomised into two groups, to consume ≥250 mL/day of A1/A2 milk (control) or to switch to ≥250 mL/day of A1PF milk (intervention) for 28 days, while continuing to follow their usual diet (including up to 1 serve a day of A1/A2 dairy products). A sub-group of 265 participants conducted stool, saliva and cognitive testing on days 0 and 28. All participants completed subjective questionnaires on days 0, 14, and 28.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No differences in gut microbiome composition, alpha-diversity, or function were found by switching milk type. After switching to A1PF milk, a small increase in stool consistency was reported (-0.16, <i>p</i> = 0.007), and females experienced a marginal reduction in gastrointestinal symptoms (<i>p</i> = 0.015) and improved subjective cognition (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Switching to A1PF milk reduced anxiety (-0.61; <i>p</i> = 0.002), depression (-0.56; <i>p</i> = 0.023), stress (-0.70, <i>p</i> = 0.012) and fatigue (<i>p</i> = 0.001; females only), compared to drinking A1/A2 milk, with stronger effects in females. No consistent effects on markers of immune response or skin health were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Switching from conventional A1/A2 milk to A1PF milk may benefit mood and subjective cognition, particularly in females, without the need for complete elimination of A1 β-casein from the diet. Further investigations are warranted.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=385966, identifier ACTRN12623000628640.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1579986"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher ultra-processed food consumption is associated with poor nutritional quality but not with obesity in Israeli adults.","authors":"Tal Shimony, Alina Rosenberg, Lital Keinan-Boker, Danit Rivka Shahar","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1586611","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1586611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ultra-processed foods (UPF) intake has increased in recent decades, coinciding with declines in diet quality, nutritional sufficiency, and rises in obesity and chronic diseases. Understanding its impact on health outcomes is crucial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary analysis of Israel's cross-sectional study, 2014-2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey includes 2,563 adults (25-64 years) with full dietary data. Data was obtained by a 24-hour recall based on an interview for dietary intake data, and anthropometric measurements such as weight, height, and waist circumference (WC). UPF consumption (percentage of total energy intake) was calculated classifying reported foods into four groups according to the NOVA method, based on their processing level. Diet quality was assessed by food group and nutrient intake by UPF consumption levels, while obesity was defined using BMI (≥30), relative fat mass, and waist circumference. Associations were tested using the chi-square test, the Cochran-Armitage trend test for dichotomous variables, and the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test for trend analysis across three or more categories. Additionally, logistic regression models were employed to account for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were 46.8% men, average age 42.2 ± 11.1 years, with mean UPF consumption at 34.5% of total energy intake. Upper quartile UPF consumption was associated with younger age (<i>p</i> = 0.0015), low physical activity (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and smoking (<i>p</i> = 0.0162). Higher consumption of UPF was associated with high intake of energy, carbohydrates, saturated fat, and thiamine (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). It was also significantly linked to lower total intake of fat, protein, monounsaturated fatty acids, dietary fiber, folic acid, vitamin B₁₂, vitamin C, and zinc. No significant association was found between UPF consumption and obesity (<i>N</i> = 1825).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>UPF consumption is negatively correlated with nutrition quality but not with obesity among Israeli adults. Future obesity studies should thoroughly examine the etiological role of UPF. Furthermore, effective strategies should be developed to lower the level of processing in the food industry and to reduce the consumption of UPF.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1586611"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}