Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Factors that influence snacking behaviors among urban Indian adolescents - a qualitative inquiry.","authors":"Neha Rathi, Anthony Worsley, Meg Bruening","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1637799","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1637799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Urban Indian adolescents often practice unhealthy dietary behaviors such as meal skipping and snacking on high energy foods with low nutrient value. To promote healthy snacking behaviors among adolescents it is essential to explore the factors that may influence the consumption of healthy and unhealthy snacks among Indian adolescents.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Informed by the social constructivism framework, an exploratory-descriptive qualitative research approach was employed to obtain a richer understanding of the influences on urban Indian adolescents' snacking behaviors. Using purposive sampling, adolescents aged 10-19 years were recruited from two government and two private schools in Varanasi city, Uttar Pradesh, India. Face-to-face interviews were conducted in Hindi/English, per the preference of the participants. The conversations were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and translated to English (where necessary) for analysis. Themes were extracted using inductive coding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 62 adolescents (50% female; 76% private school pupils) with mean age 15.3 (SD: 1.86) years completed the interviews between November 2024 and February 2025. Ten themes emerged including: (i) Perceptions of a snack; (ii) liking for unhealthy snacks; (iii) consequences of snacking; (iv) snacking timing; (v) cost of snacks; (vi) parental rules around snacking; (vii) influence of peers; (viii) school food environment; (ix) neighborhood food environment; (x) food and beverage marketing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings show that multiple factors are likely to influence snacking behaviors in Indian adolescents, aligning with literature on adolescent snack consumption in international settings. Behavioral interventions should be designed to create enabling environments to encourage healthy snack consumption in adolescents by removing barriers at the individual, household, and societal levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1637799"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12478069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145198907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The diet and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (DaBC) study: protocol and baseline characteristics of a prospective cohort investigating dietary patterns and BPPV prognosis-the role of genetics and gut microbiota.","authors":"Juanli Xing, Hongying Shan, Xinyu Xu, Wenyan Shi, Peihua Ren, Jiaqian Wu, Le Ma, Baibing Mi","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1640153","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1640153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As the prevalent cause of dizziness, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is increasingly considered a major public health concern due to its high recurrence rate and persistent symptoms. Growing evidence suggests a biologically plausible link between dietary factors and BPPV progression. However, current research on the role of diet in BPPV has predominantly focused on individual nutrients and disease onset, with limited evidence regarding the impact of overall dietary patterns on post-treatment clinical outcomes, especially in Asian populations. Furthermore, the potential interactions among diet, genetic predispositions, and gut microbiota in relation to BPPV prognosis remain insufficiently understood and warrant further investigation. In this study, we conducted a prospective cohort of patients with BPPV in the Chinese population to evaluate the association between post-treatment dietary patterns and their changes, with the recurrence risk of BPPV, and long-term symptoms after standardized reposition therapy, as well as to investigate the potential modifying roles of genetic variations and gut microbiota.</p><p><strong>Methods/design: </strong>The Diet and BPPV Cohort Study (DaBC) was initiated in July 2023 and is an ongoing multicenter prospective cohort study conducted at three specialized neuro-otology centers in Northwest China. Participants underwent comprehensive baseline assessments including medical history, otoneurological evaluations, dietary intake via a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), psychological status, balance function, and biomarker collection (blood and fecal samples for genotyping and gut microbiota profiling). Follow-up assessments will be scheduled at 1 month and annually for 5 years post-baseline. The primary outcome is defined as the number of BPPV relapses during the 5-year follow-up, while secondary outcomes include average recurrence intervals and patient-reported symptom burdens such as dizziness handicap, anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances. By October 30, 2024, a total of 844 first-diagnosed BPPV patients and complete baseline data were enrolled. We describe the study design and present baseline characteristics of the participants enrolled in the cohort to date.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>With multi-Omics Framework of DaBC Cohort Study, our future findings are anticipated to yield valuable epidemiological evidence regarding the role of diet in BPPV outcomes, which may provide foundational insights to inform clinical recommendations and refine patient management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1640153"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145198885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trajectories of health conditions predict cardiovascular disease risk among middle-aged and older adults: a national cohort study.","authors":"Wenlong Li, Tian Liu, Yuanjia Hu, Hanwen Zhou, Yingcheng Liu, Haijiao Zeng, Yuan Zhang, Cong Zhang, Kangjie Li, Zuhai Hu, Pinyi Chen, Hua Wang, Biao Xie, Xiaoni Zhong","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1657587","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1657587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Most previous studies have focused on the association between health conditions measured at a single time point and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), while evidence regarding the impact of long-term trajectories of health conditions is limited. This study aimed to construct models of health condition trajectories and to evaluate their association with CVD risk and predictive value.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 2,512 participants aged 45 years and older from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), who were followed from 2011 to 2018. Trajectories of multimorbidity status, activities of daily living (ADLs) limitations, body roundness index (BRI), pain, sleep duration, depressive symptoms, and cognitive function were identified using latent class growth models (LCGMs). Cox regression models were used to assess associations between these trajectories and incident CVD. Ten machine learning (ML) algorithms were applied to evaluate the predictive capacity of different variable groups for CVD. Additionally, SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values were used to interpret predictor importance and direction in the machine learning models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Distinct high-risk trajectories of physical and psychological health were independently associated with increased CVD risk. Higher risks of CVD were observed for the moderate-ascending (HR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.08-1.89) and high-ascending (3.01, 2.16-4.20) trajectories of multimorbidity status; the high-ascending trajectory of ADLs limitations (2.58, 1.87-3.56); the high-stable trajectory of BRI (1.67, 1.03-2.70); the moderate-ascending (1.51, 1.07-2.12) and high-ascending (2.28, 1.56-3.35) trajectories of pain; the moderate-descending (1.51, 1.09-2.10), low-ascending (1.70, 1.22-2.38), and high-posterior-ascending (2.54, 1.69-3.82) trajectories of depressive symptoms; and the low-ascending trajectory of sleep duration (1.33, 1.02-1.74). Notably, the model based on trajectories of health conditions achieved the highest predictive performance among all variable groups (CatBoost AUC = 0.740), with SHAP analysis confirming that the trajectories of multimorbidity status, BRI, and ADLs limitations were the most influential predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Long-term deterioration in both physical and psychological health is strongly associated with increased CVD risk, highlighting the importance of early intervention and continuous health monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1657587"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting and addressing eating disorders among individuals experiencing food insecurity: considerations for dietetic practice.","authors":"Heather A Davis, Emily Myers, Elena Serrano, Sarah Misyak","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1668349","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1668349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the United States, almost 10% of Americans will experience an eating disorder in their lifetime. Despite evidence that eating disorders occur across socio-economic backgrounds, the stereotypes of eating disorders being a disease of affluence persist. The experience of food insecurity, defined as limited or inconsistent physical and economic access to a sufficient amount and variety of nutritious food needed for a healthy life, is significantly associated with greater eating disorder symptoms. There are several reasons eating disorder symptoms may develop in people experiencing food insecurity, including food/benefit distribution cycles, shame, and weight bias. This Perspective highlights the relationship between food insecurity and eating disorders and provides informed recommendations specific to dietetic practice. Guidance is provided for Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDNs) in settings that serve individuals at risk of, or experiencing, food insecurity. RDNs should be informed on best practices for screening for eating disorders and providing appropriate referrals to eating disorder specific care, as well as encouraging realistic, achievable health behaviors, and using non-stigmatizing language.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1668349"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing nutrition-related biomarkers to develop a nutrition-related aging clock for the chinese demographic.","authors":"Ya-Qing Ma, Ya-Min Dang, Lv-Tao Zeng, Xin Gao, Si-Jia Li, Li-Qun Zhang, Jin Li, Xiao-Yang Zhou, Shan-Shan Ren, Hong-Lei Liu, Ruo-Mei Qi, Jing Pang, Ju Cui, Tie-Mei Zhang, Jian-Ping Cai","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1563220","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1563220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aims to investigate the relationship between nutrition-related biomarkers, body composition, and oxidative stress indicators in the human aging process, so as to provide new insights for understanding individual aging differences and developing targeted intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 100 healthy participants aged 26-85 years were enrolled. Plasma concentrations of 9 amino acids and 13 vitamins were quantitatively analyzed, along with urinary oxidative stress markers 8-oxoGuo and 8-oxodGuo. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). A nutrition-based aging clock model was constructed using the Light Gradient Boosting Machine algorithm, with model performance evaluated by mean absolute error (MAE) and coefficient of determination (R²).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The younger group showed significantly lower levels of oxidative stress markers compared to the older group. Multiple amino acids and vitamins exhibited age-dependent changes in plasma concentrations. The developed aging clock model demonstrated high predictive accuracy, with an MAE of 2.5877 and R² of 0.8807. Correlation analyses further indicated associations between model-predicted biological age and physiological changes reflected in biochemical and physical examination indicators.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study establishes a significant link between nutrition-related biomarkers, oxidative stress, body composition, and aging. The proposed model serves as a reliable tool for predicting biological age and offers a scientific basis for future research on aging mechanisms and personalized interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1563220"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential effects of prophylactic iron supplementation on physiological gestational anemia and post-IDA gestational anemia: a study based on a rat model.","authors":"Zelin Zhang, Limin Lai, Ziping Liu, Sili Liu, Liping Qu, Wenjun Zou","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1650536","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1650536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To observe the effects of iron supplementation on a physiological pregnancy and on pregnancy following iron deficiency anemia (IDA) caused by low-iron diet.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Physiological pregnancy anemia and IDA-induced pregnancy rat models were established, and the effects of preventive iron supplementation with ferrous succinate tablets (Sulifei, SLF) and polysaccharide-iron complex (Niferex, LFN) on pregnancy ability, embryonic development, anemia indicators, and iron content and metabolic indicators were observed in the model rats.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Anemia markers and body iron content were decreased in physiological pregnancy rat model, accompanied by abnormal oxidative stress and iron metabolism. In post-IDA gestational rat model, these markers were even more severely aggravated. SLF and LFN intervention improved body iron content, oxidative stress, and iron metabolism-related markers in physiological pregnant rats, but did not improve anemia-related markers. After 6 weeks of pretreatment with SLF and LFN, some reproductive toxicity effects were observed. SLF and LFN intervention in post-IDA gestational rat model improved anemia markers, body iron content, and iron metabolism-related markers. There were no significant differences in reproductive parameters between the two groups. Fetal weight and the average crown-rump length per litter increased in the LFN group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Post-IDA gestation further exacerbates iron deficiency anemia. Prophylactic iron supplementation can significantly improve physiological iron deficiency and iron metabolism during pregnancy but cannot improve iron deficiency anemia. In contrast, iron supplementation can significantly improve iron deficiency anemia in post-IDA gestation. To prevent or treat pregnancy complicated by IDA, iron supplementation is recommended either before the onset of IDA or after pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1650536"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of skeletal muscle loss and sarcopenia on outcomes of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Binwen Xu, Junhong Liu, Yue Zhang, Tao Luo, Jie Xiong, Hanxiao Wang, Guidong Shi, Maoyong Fu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1650337","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1650337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sarcopenia is a systemic disorder characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function; however, its impact on the treatment outcomes of patients with esophageal cancer remains inconclusive. We aimed to evaluate the impact of sarcopenia and dynamic changes in skeletal muscle during treatment on neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (NICT) efficacy and prognosis in patients with locally advanced ESCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively included 272 patients with locally advanced ESCC who received NICT. We calculated the skeletal muscle index (SMI) and its rate of change (ΔSMI%) from CT images at the L3 vertebral level obtained before and after treatment. Sarcopenia was defined as an SMI < 52.4 cm²/m² in men and <38.5 cm²/m² in women, and a ΔSMI% < -2.8% was designated as excessive skeletal muscle loss.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of sarcopenia increased from 50.9% before treatment to 55.1% at therapy completion. Pre-NICT sarcopenia correlated with tumor progression (<i>p</i> = 0.02) and was associated with a significantly lower pathological complete response (pCR) in patients who had sarcopenia than in those without (14.7% vs. 25.0%, <i>p</i> = 0.04). Patients with tumor progression had a significantly lower SMI than those in the disease-control group (41.6 ± 7.24 vs. 48.71 ± 8.39, <i>p</i> = 0.04). In a subgroup analysis of excessive skeletal muscle loss, these patients experienced higher hematologic toxicity (leukopenia: 33.4% vs. 20.9%, <i>p</i> = 0.04; anemia: 70.7% vs. 50.6%, <i>p</i> = 0.01) and lower pCR rate (12.0% vs. 22.8%, <i>p</i> = 0.05). After a median follow-up of 20.4 months, sarcopenia before or after NICT did not significantly affect overall survival (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS) (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Conversely, excessive skeletal muscle loss during treatment emerged as an independent prognostic factor for OS in multivariate analysis (HR = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.25-0.91; <i>p</i> = 0.03); however, it was not associated with DFS (<i>p</i> = 0.22).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Treatment-induced excessive skeletal muscle loss may serve as a predictive marker for NICT toxicity and short-term survival in patients with locally advanced ESCC, highlighting the need for dynamic nutritional monitoring to optimize treatment tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1650337"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study on the predictive value of TyG, TyG-BMI, and TG/HDL-C for progression-free survival in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.","authors":"Zhehao Xiao, Zhuowei Liang, Weiling Chen, Hejing Huang, Song Qu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1657646","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1657646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to explore the relationship between the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI), and triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C) of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) and progression-free survival (PFS) to investigate their potential as prognostic indicators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research involved a retrospective analysis of data pertaining to patients with LA-NPC from the Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital. The analysis categorized patients into a progression group and a control group according to their disease control status. The correlation of three indicators with PFS was established utilizing the Cox proportional hazards model, Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis. Three predictive models were developed based on the three indicators, and their predictive ability was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TyG, TyG-BMI, and TG/HDL-C are independent predictors of PFS in LA-NPC patients, and all exhibit a non-linear relationship. Patients in the high TyG, TyG-BMI, and TG/HDL-C groups have significantly lower PFS compared to those in the low groups, and this effect persists after adjusting for confounding factors. A multivariate analysis confirmed that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and EBV_DNA are also independent prognostic factors for PFS. The models that utilize these indicators outperform traditional tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging, with the TyG-based model demonstrating the strongest predictive ability for PFS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TyG, TyG-BMI, and TG/HDL-C are potential prognostic biomarkers for the evaluation of PFS in individuals diagnosed with LA-NPC. Our research underscores the potential of these three indices to be utilized to enhance prognostic assessment and customize treatment strategies in the management of LA-NPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1657646"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12464962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and application of home dietary management program for postoperative patients with preventive ileostomy for rectal cancer.","authors":"Jianhua Zhu, Yuanjuan Shen, Juyun Li, Sainan Wang, Wenjuan Shang, Min Sun","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1639987","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1639987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rectal cancer is a highly prevalent malignant tumor, and surgery is one of the main treatment methods. Although preventive ileostomy can reduce postoperative complications, it is also prone to cause malnutrition and other problems.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To construct and validate an early postoperative home dietary management program for patients with preventive ileostomy for rectal cancer, aiming to improve their nutritional status and mitigate clinical ileostomy complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An evidence-based dietary management program was developed, covering dietary transition, nutrient intake, and fluid management. A non-concurrent controlled study was conducted with 66 patients at the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine. The intervention group received personalized one-on-one dietary guidance (including pre-discharge assessment of dietary habits, individualized meal planning, and weekly WeChat-based follow-up for food diary reviews) in addition to routine health education, while the control group received routine education only.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 1 month postoperatively, the intervention group showed significantly better outcomes than the control group in serum albumin (41.00 g/L vs. 38.00 g/L, <i>p</i> = 0.010, <i>r</i> = 0.368), lymphocyte count (1.30 × 10?/L vs. 1.10 × 10?/L, <i>p</i> = 0.009, <i>r</i> = 0.374), and PG-SGA scores (9.85 vs. 10.94, <i>p</i> = 0.037, <i>Cohen's d</i> = 0.525). The intervention group had lower incidences of high-output stoma (HOS; 6.06% vs. 18.18%, OR = 0.29, 95% <i>CI</i> = 0.05-1.56, <i>p</i> = 0.258) and peristomal moisture-associated skin damage (PMASD; 18.18% vs. 24.24%, OR = 0.69, 95% <i>CI</i> = 0.21-2.29, <i>p</i> = 0.547), with positive clinical trends despite no statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This home dietary management program can effectively improve short-term postoperative nutritional status in patients, and also plays a positive role in reducing the occurrence of HOS and PMASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1639987"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Definition of the traditional African diet: a scoping review.","authors":"Jizhao Niu, Nina Frances Ockendon-Powell, Toluwanimi Ann Alonge, Angeliki Papadaki","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1651945","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1651945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traditional diets are increasingly studied for their purported health and environmental benefits. Promoting the traditional African diet (TrAfDi) could be a promising means of addressing the impacts of rapid dietary transitions in African countries. However, there is no consistent definition of this traditional dietary pattern. The aim of this scoping review was therefore to systematically explore, for the first time, the definition of the TrAfDi, as reported in the literature to date.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven databases were searched, up to January 16^th, 2023, for peer-reviewed studies and gray literature describing the TrAfDi. One reviewer screened articles, extracted data, and assessed article quality; an independent reviewer screened 10% of titles, abstracts, and full-text articles. Reporting followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 45 studies that defined a TrAfDi. The food groups characterizing the TrAfDi include cereals and their products, pulses, seeds and nuts and their products, and vegetables and their products. Other groups, cited less frequently, include fruits and their products, and roots, tubers, plantains, and their products. Maize was the most highly cited food item. Other, lesser-cited food items include cassava, cowpeas, fish, fruit, legumes, millet, and sorghum. Minor regional differences in the TrAfDi were observed when studies were segregated according to United Nations classifications. Differences were mainly observed between Western Africa and all other African regions, which, between them, do not appear to exhibit significant variation in the most frequently cited food groups. Few studies reported the quantities of foods consumed and the frequency of consumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings provide important initial evidence on what may constitute a TrAfDi and indicate features of its regional characteristics, and are relevant to the development of public health policies seeking to tackle challenges of food insecurity, obesity, and non-communicable diseases in Africa. These will underpin future research to assess the TrAfDi's health and environmental impact, and to understand the cultural implications of shifting dietary patterns resulting from climatic, economic, and other factors. Future studies should also aim to strengthen regional representativeness and establish the quantities of foods that characterize this dietary pattern.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://osf.io/kvu2n.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1651945"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}