Environmental Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Industrial emissions and risks of preterm and small-for-gestational-age birth: A population-based cohort study in Quebec, Canada.","authors":"Félicitée Mumbanza, Anne-Sophie Mariet, Nathalie Auger, Audrey Smargiassi, Naizhuo Zhao, Gabriel Côté-Corriveau, Stéphane Buteau","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000508","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ambient air pollution has been linked to adverse birth outcomes, but the role of industrial emissions remains understudied. We examined the association between maternal exposure to industrial air pollutants during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth (PTB) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 1,199,516 singleton live births in Quebec, Canada, from 2002 to 2016. Exposure to PM_2.5, NO₂, and SO₂ emitted by industries within 7.5 km of the maternal residence was estimated using an indicator combining residential proximity, emissions, and wind data. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for PTB and SGA comparing exposed to unexposed individuals. We assessed the modifying effects of maternal comorbidities using subgroup analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort comprised 71,699 PTB and 105,894 SGA cases. Compared with unexposed participants, exposure to industrial air pollutants during pregnancy increased the risk of extreme and very PTB and SGA. For extreme PTB, adjusted ORs (95% CI) comparing exposed with unexposed were 1.08 (1.00, 1.17) for PM_2.5, 1.11 (1.03, 1.19) for NO₂, and 1.05 (0.98, 1.12) for SO₂. For SGA, the corresponding values were 1.03 (1.02, 1.05) for PM_2.5, 1.03 (1.02, 1.04) for NO₂, and 1.05 (1.04, 1.06) for SO₂. Exposure to NO₂ was associated with a higher risk of extreme and very PTB among mothers with preeclampsia (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.42) compared with no preeclampsia (OR:1.07; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.12).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exposure to industrial air emissions during pregnancy may increase the risk of extreme and very PTB and SGA, especially among women with preeclampsia.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 4","pages":"e508"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13340733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148404022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ambient PM_2.5 and its chemical constituents exposure with ovarian reserve among 29,610 infertile women in Shaanxi Province, China.","authors":"Changbo Jin, Qingyang Wu, Wenming Shi, Yongzhen Li, Lijuan Wang, Wen Wen, Sen Qiao, Juanzi Shi","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000498","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) has been suggested as a potential risk factor for female reproductive health. However, studies on specific PM_2.5 constituents and ovarian reserve remain limited. Moreover, the vulnerable time windows of air pollution exposure are not well understood. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between PM_2.5 constituents and ovarian reserve in China. This study included 29,610 women aged 20-45 years who underwent assisted reproductive technology treatment at a reproductive medicine center in Shaanxi Province, China, between 2015 and 2020. Residential PM_2.5 and five key constituents, including sulfate (SO₄ ^2-), nitrate, ammonium, organic matter, and black carbon exposure across five stages of follicle development, were estimated using satellite models. Generalized linear regression was applied to analyze the relationship between PM_2.5 constituent exposure during each stage and ovarian reserve indicators, including antral follicle count and anti-Müllerian hormone. Exposure to PM_2.5 was related to decreased antral follicle count across several periods, most notably during the period from the primordial to secondary follicle stage. The adjusted β ranged from -0.123 (95% confidence interval: -0.232, -0.013) for period 3 (primary follicle to secondary follicle) to -0.190 (95% confidence interval: -0.295, -0.085) for period 1 (primordial to small antral follicle). The constituent-residual model suggested that SO₄ ^2- was most strongly related to impaired ovarian reserve. The robustness of the results was proved by additional sensitivity analyses. These relationships were more pronounced among women with lower educational levels. Our findings underscore the public health importance of mitigating air pollution to improve female reproductive health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 4","pages":"e498"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13318108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148359995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonality and environmental determinants of exhaled nitric oxide in individuals with and without chronic respiratory diseases.","authors":"Lorena Torroni, Francesca Locatelli, Pierpaolo Marchetti, Sandra Baldacci, Claudio Gariazzo, Sara Maio, Camillo Silibello, Gianluca Spiteri, Massimo Stafoggia, Giovanni Viegi, Giuseppe Verlato, Alessandro Marcon","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000501","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a biomarker of type-2 lung inflammation. Standardized measurement is essential for accurate diagnosis and monitoring. We assess seasonality and environmental determinants of FeNO in individuals with and without chronic respiratory diseases in the general population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study on 412 individuals with chronic respiratory diseases (asthma, chronic bronchitis/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, rhinitis) and 605 individuals without these conditions. Participants, aged 20-65 years, were recruited in the Gene-Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases study in Verona, Italy (2008-2014). Geocoded residential addresses were linked to daily PM₁₀ and air temperature at the time of the clinical examination using previously developed spatiotemporal models. Associations with log-FeNO were analyzed using adjusted linear regression, accounting for seasonality and disease status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FeNO levels were higher in subjects with respiratory diseases during the warm season, even after adjusting for pollen exposures; a milder seasonal pattern was observed in subjects without chronic respiratory diseases (<i>P</i> for interaction = 0.001). A 10 μg/m³ increase in mean PM₁₀ concentration at lag 0-1 (day of FeNO measurement and day before) was associated with a 3% higher FeNO concentration (Ratio of Geometric Means, RGM: 1.03, 95% confidence interval: 1.00, 1.06) after adjusting for seasonality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FeNO is a sensitive biomarker of environmental exposures. Overlooking seasonality and environmental factors might impact clinical decision-making in chronic respiratory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 4","pages":"e501"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13318099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148359955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of federal housing assistance on children's blood Lead Levels, NHANES 1999-2016.","authors":"MyDzung T Chu, Andrew Fenelon, Gary Adamkiewicz, Ami R Zota","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000503","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lead is toxic for children's neurodevelopment, and low-income families face higher exposure. Federal housing assistance has been shown to decrease blood lead levels (BLLs), though its impact on children's BLLs is underexplored. We examined differences in BLLs among assistance-eligible US children aged ≤5 years by housing assistance status and program type.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using linked 1999-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and US Department of Housing and Urban Development records, we compared BLLs of children on housing assistance (n = 557) and children who would receive assistance within two years after NHANES participation (pseudo-waitlist; n = 317). We estimated geometric mean BLLs and adjusted odds ratios for BLLs ≥3.5 µg/dL-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention blood lead reference value-and assessed effect modification by program type, i.e., project-based (public and multifamily income-restricted housing) versus housing choice vouchers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Housing-assisted children had lower geometric mean BLLs (1.58 vs. 2.10 µg/dL) and lower prevalence of BLL ≥3.5 µg/dL (12.8% vs 24.9%) than pseudo-waitlisted children (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.001). In adjusted models, federal housing assistance had a negative but nonstatistically significant association with BLL ≥3.5 μg/dL (adjusted odds ratio = 0.71; 95% confidence interval = 0.48, 1.05). We also observed effect modification by program type (p_interaction = 0.0024): project-based housing (0.46 [0.25, 0.86]) versus housing choice vouchers (1.61 [0.78, 3.33]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Project-based federal housing assistance was associated with lower odds of elevated BLLs among young children, highlighting potential differences in housing quality, management, or enforcement across programs. Strengthening housing quality standards and lead-free enforcement across <i>all</i> federal housing assistance programs is critical to reducing inequities in childhood lead exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 4","pages":"e503"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13318070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148359944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood cadmium levels and its associated factors in middle school children in Kuwait.","authors":"Sharifa Al-Kandari, Reem Jallad, Muddanna Rao, Anwar Al-Harbi, Lemia Shaban, Abdur Rahman","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000504","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cadmium (Cd), a toxic heavy metal, is associated with several adverse health consequences. In Kuwait, the presence of heavy petrochemical industry, heavy traffic burden, and high prevalence of smoking makes environmental Cd exposure more likely. Due to its cumulative nature in the body, children and adolescents are particularly vulnerable to the chronic effects of Cd. However, data on Cd exposure of adolescents is scarce. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Cd toxicity and its associated factors in a nationally representative sample of adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adolescents (N = 1385; 673 boys and 712 girls; age, 11-16 years) were selected from middle schools from all six governorates of Kuwait using stratified multistage cluster random sampling. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire from parents and face-to-face interviews with adolescents. Blood Cd levels were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Geometric mean (95% confidence interval) blood Cd level was 1.22 (1.15, 1.30) µg/L; 1.26 (1.14, 1.38) µg/L in boys and 1.19 (1.11, 1.29) µg/L in girls (<i>P</i> < 0.001). 22% of boys and 3.2% of girls had elevated blood Cd levels (≥5 µg/L; χ² = 115.13; <i>P</i> < 0.001). In the multivariable logistic regression, sex, governorate, father income, and blood levels of manganese, selenium, and zinc were significant predictors of Cd levels ≥5 µg/L.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A significant proportion of adolescents, particularly boys, in Kuwait have blood Cd levels ≥5 µg/L. Due to the long half-life of Cd in the body and chronic adverse health consequences, public health measures are needed to limit exposure to this toxic environmental pollutant.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 4","pages":"e504"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13318078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148359932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Within- and between-study site variations in ambient air pollution exposure at ages 9-10 years in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.","authors":"Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez, Alethea V de Jesus, Jared N Schachner, Shermaine Abad, Hedyeh Ahmadi, Joel Schwartz, Kirthana Sukumaran, Daniel A Hackman, Jiu-Chiuan Chen, Megan M Herting","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000490","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Minority and socioeconomically disadvantaged children face disproportionate air pollution burdens, yet the geographic heterogeneity and intersectional structure of these disparities remain poorly characterized in pediatric populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using baseline data (2016-2018) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study, the largest longitudinal study of child brain development in the United States, we estimated residential fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) among 9- to 10-year-olds across 21 sites spanning 19 metropolitan areas. We employed an intersectional analytic approach to examine race/ethnicity and socioeconomic effects jointly, and a two-stage meta-analytic design to explicitly model between-site heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hispanic/Latinx and Black children experienced higher average PM_2.5 and NO₂ than white peers overall, but intersectional analyses revealed that Hispanic/Latinx preadolescents from the lowest income households bore the greatest PM_2.5 burden, and higher educated Black families showed increased NO₂ exposure relative to those with high school diplomas. Site-specific analyses revealed substantial geographic heterogeneity in disparity magnitude, challenging the assumption of homogeneous national patterns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the need for locally targeted interventions. Nearly all participants exceeded World Health Organization air quality guidelines despite meeting Environmental Protection Agency thresholds, highlighting a regulatory gap with particular relevance to children's developing neurological systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 4","pages":"e490"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13308904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148344275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are cases of enteric disease due to <i>Salmonella, Campylobacter, Giardia</i>, and <i>Cryptosporidium</i> associated with well water?","authors":"Miriam Wamsley, Kevin Henry, Robin Taylor Wilson, Eric Coker, Heather M Murphy","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000499","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Campylobacter</i>, non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i>, <i>Shigella</i>, <i>Cryptosporidium</i>, and <i>Giardia</i> are responsible for ~1 million domestically acquired waterborne illnesses annually in the United States. The contribution of private well water and underlying geology to these infections has been underexplored. The objectives of this research were to (1) determine whether enteric disease cases in Pennsylvania cluster in time and space; and (2) determine whether enteric disease cases are associated with private well water and karst geology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Confirmed cases of <i>Campylobacter</i>, non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i>, <i>Cryptosporidium</i>, and <i>Giardia</i> from 2010 to 2019 in Pennsylvania were analyzed. Spatial clusters were identified using a Poisson-based spatial scan statistic (SaTScan), and temporal patterns were examined using the R package <i>Model Temporal Trends</i>. Zero-inflated negative binomial model regression with county-level random intercepts examined associations between disease incidence, private well usage, and karst geology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All four pathogens had significant clusters of illness in time and space. <i>Cryptosporidium</i>, <i>Giardia</i>, and <i>Campylobacter</i> cases were significantly associated with areas served by private wells (<i>P</i> < 0.05; <i>P</i> < 0.001), and cases of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> and <i>Campylobacter</i> were associated with karst geology (<i>P</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This novel investigation adds to a growing body of evidence that private well water is a risk factor for enteric disease. Public health interventions should target the management of private well water to reduce the burden of disease globally, particularly in communities not serviced by public water supplies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 4","pages":"e499"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13275149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148276368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic and maternal predictors of elevated blood lead levels during pregnancy in Adjara, Georgia.","authors":"Sophio Sikharulidze, Charlotta Rylander, William Michael Caudle, Rusudan Shavishvili, Nona Ephadze, Tinatin Gvelesiani, Tinatin Manjavidze","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000496","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exposure to lead is a major public health concern throughout the world, particularly for susceptible groups such as pregnant women and children. Despite recent declines in blood lead levels (BLLs), lead exposure remains a health issue in Georgia. The present study was designed to identify predictors of elevated BLLs in pregnant women in the Adjara region of Georgia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from the state health program \"Lead biomonitoring program of pregnant and breastfeeding women in Adjara\" (2020-2023) and the Georgian Birth Registry. The study included 8203 women who gave birth to 8337 babies. BLL groups among pregnant women were defined as <5, 5-9.99, and ≥10 µg/dL. Differences in characteristics between BLL groups were assessed with a chi-square test for categorical data and analysis of variance for continuous data. Multivariable logistic regression was used for identifying predictors of elevated BLL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the study sample, 50.5% of the subjects had BLLs <5 µg/dL, 35.5% had BLLs 5-9.99 µg/dL, while 14.0% had BLLs ≥10 µg/dL. Women with primary school as their highest completed education (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19, 2.30) were more likely to be associated with BLLs ≥5 µg/dL compared with those with higher education. Obesity versus normal weight (aOR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.15, 1.51) was significantly associated with BLLs ≥5 µg/dL. Living in a rural area was associated with slightly higher odds of BLLs of ≥5 µg/dL (aOR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.13, 1.29). BLL declined over the testing period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated BLLs in pregnant women in Adjara remain an important public health issue. Low education, obesity, rural residency, and timing of BLL testing were significantly associated with BLLs ≥5 and ≥10 µg/dL. According to these findings, continued surveillance is required for interventions to reduce lead exposure in vulnerable populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 4","pages":"e496"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13275146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148276419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature exposure and time adolescents spend in physical activity across intensity levels.","authors":"Esmée Essers, Maria Llopis-Cidad, Sarah Koch, Joren Buekers, Alícia Josa-Culleré, Sami Petricola, Ainhoa Bereziartua, Paula Carrasco, Alba Jimeno-Romero, Martine Vrijheid, Henning Tiemeier, Hanan El Marroun, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, Carmen Iñiguez, Mònica Guxens","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000486","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Environmental factors such as temperature may influence how much time adolescents spend being active, but evidence remains limited. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between same-day temperature exposure and accelerometer-measured time spent in physical activity at different intensities in adolescents in two European cohorts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from 1316 Dutch adolescents (mean age [standard deviation]: 12.7 [1.5] years, Generation R Study, 2015-2018) and 531 Spanish adolescents (13.6 [2.3] years, INMA Project, 2017-2022). Ambient residential-level daily temperature at 100 × 100-m resolution was estimated using the UrbClim model. Daily light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity duration was measured with wrist-worn accelerometers up to nine consecutive days. Cohort-specific distributed lag mixed-effect models assessed same-day temperature effects on physical activity, adjusting for temperatures in the two previous days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adolescents spend more time in light and moderate physical activity on warmer days. In Generation R, light activity increased by up to 10.9 (95% confidence interval = 4.7, 17.0) minutes and moderate activity by 4.8 (1.2; 8.4) minutes at the 95th versus 5th percentile (21.5 vs. 2.3ºC). In INMA, increases were 16.3 (3.8, 28.9) and 14.2 (6.1, 22.4) minutes, respectively (25.1 vs. 7.7ºC). No associations were observed for vigorous activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Warmer temperatures were associated with more time spent in light and moderate, but not vigorous, physical activity in Dutch and Spanish adolescents. These findings highlight the importance of considering ambient temperature when designing activity interventions, particularly in the context of climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 3","pages":"e486"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13249446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148216862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of second-hand tobacco smoking with liver cancer, and interaction with HBV infection in a Chinese population-based case-control study.","authors":"Xing Liu, Aileen Baecker, Ming Wu, Jin-Yi Zhou, Zi-Yi Jin, Fang Fang, Su Yon Jung, Lina Mu, Na He, Weidong Qu, Xuehong Zhang, Liming Li, Jin-Kou Zhao, Zuo-Feng Zhang","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000487","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although tobacco smoking is one of the established risk factors for liver cancer, results from epidemiological studies remain inconclusive on the relationship between second-hand smoke (SHS) and liver cancer, particularly among nonsmokers.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to examine the association between SHS and liver cancer, and to assess its potential interaction with major risk factors such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A population-based case-control study was conducted in Jiangsu, China, from 2003 to 2010, including 2011 newly diagnosed primary liver cancer cases and 7933 population-based controls. Data on SHS exposure at home and in the workplace, along with other major liver cancer risk factors such as alcohol consumption, were collected through self-reported questionnaires. SHS exposure was assessed as a dichotomous variable, categorizing participants as either exposed or unexposed to SHS. HBV infection status was determined by testing serum samples for serum hepatitis B virus surface antigen. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression models were used to examine the association between SHS and risk of liver cancer. Besides stratified analyses, interactions on additive and multiplicative scales were further evaluated between SHS and other risk factors for liver cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposure to SHS was associated with liver cancer, shown as adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of 1.84 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.56, 2.18) in the overall population and 2.11 (95% CI: 1.67, 2.65) among never smokers. Stratified analyses showed that the association between SHS and liver cancer was stronger among HBV-positive participants (OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.48, 2.93) compared with HBV-negative participants (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.54, 2.27) (<i>P</i> = 0.02). Both super-additive and super-multiplicative interactions were observed between SHS and HBV infection, with relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) of 12.56 (95% CI: 6.60, 18.53) and ratio of ORs of 1.55 (95% CI: 1.07, 2.23) in the total population, and RERI of 12.87 (95% CI: 4.93, 20.81) and ratio of ORs of 1.78 (95% CI: 1.06, 2.99) among never smokers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SHS is independently associated with liver cancer, and this association is further modified by HBV infection, leading to a substantially elevated risk, particularly among nonsmokers.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 3","pages":"e487"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13249444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148216928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}