Exposure to ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and early-onset female breast cancer in a case-control study in Ontario, Canada.

IF 3.3 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Environmental Epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-10-08 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1097/EE9.0000000000000333
Claudia M Waddingham, Patrick Hinton, Paul J Villeneuve, Jeffrey R Brook, Eric Lavigne, Kristian Larsen, Will D King, Deyong Wen, Jun Meng, Junhua Zhang, Elisabeth Galarneau, Shelley A Harris
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Abstract

Background: Ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of toxicologically important and understudied air pollutants. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that chronic exposure to PAHs increases breast cancer risk; however, there are few studies in nonoccupational settings that focus on early-onset diagnoses.

Methods: The relationship between residentially-based ambient PAH concentrations and female breast cancer, among those 18-45 years of age, was characterized in the Ontario Environment and Health Study (OEHS). The OEHS was a population-based case-control study undertaken in Ontario, Canada between 2013 and 2015. Primary incident breast cancers were identified within 3 months of diagnosis, and a population-based series of controls were recruited. Concentrations of ambient PAHs, using fluoranthene as a surrogate, were derived using a chemical transport model at a 2.5 km spatial resolution. These estimates were assigned to participants' residences at the time of the interview and 5 years prior. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) based on a quartile categorization of fluoranthene exposure while adjusting for a series of individual- and area-level risk factors. The shape of the exposure-response trend was evaluated using cubic splines.

Results: Median fluoranthene exposure for cases and controls was 0.0017 µg/m3 and 0.0014 µg/m3, respectively. In models adjusted for a parsimonious set of risk factors, the highest quartile of exposure was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer (OR = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.22, 3.84). Restricted spline analyses revealed nonlinear dose-response patterns.

Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that ambient PAH exposures increases the risk of early-onset breast cancer.

加拿大安大略省一项病例对照研究中的环境多环芳烃暴露与早发女性乳腺癌。
背景:环境多环芳烃(PAHs)是一类毒理学上重要但研究不足的空气污染物。流行病学证据表明,长期暴露于多环芳烃会增加患乳腺癌的风险;然而,很少有针对非职业环境中早期发病的研究:方法:安大略省环境与健康研究(OEHS)描述了居民环境中多环芳烃浓度与 18-45 岁女性乳腺癌之间的关系。OEHS 是 2013 年至 2015 年期间在加拿大安大略省开展的一项基于人群的病例对照研究。研究人员在乳腺癌确诊后 3 个月内对原发性乳腺癌进行了鉴定,并招募了一系列人群对照。环境中多环芳烃的浓度以荧蒽作为替代物,通过 2.5 千米空间分辨率的化学传输模型得出。这些估计值被分配到受试者接受访谈时和 5 年前的居住地。在对一系列个人和地区风险因素进行调整的同时,使用逻辑回归法根据氟烷暴露的四分位数分类估算出几率比(OR)及其 95% 的置信区间(CI)。使用三次样条对暴露-反应趋势的形状进行了评估:结果:病例和对照组的氟蒽暴露量中位数分别为 0.0017 µg/m3 和 0.0014 µg/m3。在根据一组风险因素进行调整的模型中,暴露量最高的四分位数与乳腺癌风险增加有关(OR = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.22, 3.84)。限制样条分析显示了非线性剂量反应模式:这些研究结果支持环境多环芳烃暴露会增加早发乳腺癌风险的假设。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Environmental Epidemiology
Environmental Epidemiology Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
2.80%
发文量
71
审稿时长
25 weeks
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