Environmental Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"A good move for health?: Analyzing urban exposure trajectories of residential relocation and mental health in populations in Bradford.","authors":"Mikel Subiza-Pérez, Teumzghi F Mebrahtu, Kimon Krenz, Aidan Watmuff, Tiffany Yang, Laura Vaughan, John Wright, Rosemary R C McEachan","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000397","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Residential relocation can be leveraged as a natural experiment. This study examined the changes in environmental exposures due to residential relocation in two samples of within-city movers in Bradford (UK); 2089 residents (66% women, mean [SD] age, 47.80 [19.88] years) with preexisting common mental disorders-related prescriptions and 12,699 residents (60% women, mean [SD] age, 42.47 [17.40] years) without the same prescriptions at baseline (January-April 2021). Study data were extracted from National Health Service health records. The outcome was the presence of an active prescription for anxiolytics or antidepressants (yes/no) 1 year after relocation (January-April 2022). Change scores were calculated for several exposures, including the normalized difference vegetation index, distance decay to green spaces, coarse (PM₁₀) and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) at pre- and postmove addresses. Logistic regression models were used for each change score exposure, adjusting for covariates selected using a direct acyclic graph validated against the data. Participants without prescriptions at baseline were likely to relocate to less green and less polluted areas compared with those with preexisting medication. A total of 15% of participants without prescriptions at baseline had an active prescription at follow-up. For these, increases in normalized difference vegetation index were associated with lower odds of having active prescriptions at follow-up [OR (odds ratio) = 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.88, 0.98), <i>P</i> = 0.007], whereas increases in PM_2.5 [OR = 1.1 (95% CI = 1.04, 1.16), <i>P</i> < 0.001] and PM₁₀ [OR = 1.12 (95% CI = 1.06-1.19), <i>P</i> < 0.001] concentrations were associated with higher odds. Changes in environmental exposures due to residential relocation showed an influence on mental health only for those participants without active prescriptions in the baseline.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"9 3","pages":"e397"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compound drought and heatwave extreme weather events: Mortality risk in individuals with chronic respiratory disease.","authors":"Austin Rau, Arianne K Baldomero, Jesse E Bell, Jared Rennie, Chris H Wendt, Gillian A M Tarr, Bruce H Alexander, Jesse D Berman","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000389","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Compound extreme weather events are severe weather conditions that can jointly magnify human health risks beyond any single event alone. Drought and heatwaves are extreme weather conditions associated with adverse health, but their combined impact is poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We designed a case-crossover study to estimate heatwave-associated mortality stratified by drought conditions in 183,725 US Veteran patients (2016-2021) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A conditional logistic regression with distributed lag models was applied. Droughts were categorized into binary and categorical metrics, and we further explored the timing of heatwaves as a risk factor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results indicate that drought amplifies heatwaves with hotter temperatures and longer durations during drought conditions, and the percentage of mortality attributable to heatwaves during drought was 7.41% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.91, 12.28) compared with 2.91% (95% CI: 0.00, 4.76) for heatwaves during nondrought conditions. Heatwaves that occurred during drought conditions in the late warm season had a larger association with mortality compared with late-season heatwaves during nondrought conditions, 7.41% (95% CI: 1.96, 13.04) of mortality events and 0.99% (95% CI: -1.01, 3.85) of mortality events attributable to these exposures, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compound drought and heatwave events trend toward increased mortality risk among patients with COPD and present a growing human health threat under climate change. Existing heat warnings and vulnerability maps may include drought conditions to better capture heat-related public health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"9 3","pages":"e389"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12045549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of prenatal exposure to residential greenspace and active living environments with cerebral palsy: A population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada.","authors":"Amrin Ahmed, Steven Hawken, Anna Gunz, Robert Talarico, Chengchun Yu, Hong Chen, Paul J Villeneuve, Éric Lavigne","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/EE9.0000000000000379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prenatal exposure to environmental factors, such as greenspace and active living environments, has been associated with numerous health benefits, including improved neurodevelopmental outcomes. Although cerebral palsy (CP) is not typically linked to these exposures, emerging evidence suggests that exposure to environmental factors during pregnancy may influence brain development, making it important to explore their potential role in CP risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using health administrative data from Ontario, Canada, between 1 April 2002 and 31 December 2020. We identified 1,436,411 mother-infant pairs, of which 2,883 were diagnosed with CP during the follow-up period. Exposures of interest included the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Green View Index (GVI), and park proximity. The Canadian Active Living Environments index was also utilized. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for CP risk associated with these environmental exposures, adjusting for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Interquartile range (IQR) increases in NDVI (HR = 1.040; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.987, 1.096; per IQR = 0.1) and GVI (HR =0.989; 95% CI: 0.943, 1.038; per IQR = 10.05%) were not significantly associated with CP risk. Similar results were found for quartile increases of NDVI and GVI. Residential proximity to parks at birth was associated with a reduction in CP risk (HR = 0.946; 95% CI: 0.904, 0.990; per 0.06 increase in park proximity index), after adjusting for active living environment and air pollution.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study suggests that living closer to parks reduces the risk of CP. Further research should investigate these protective effects and consider other dimensions of greenspace quality and usability.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"9 2","pages":"e379"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who is living near different types of US Superfund sites: A latent class analysis considering site contaminant profiles.","authors":"Brittany A Trottier, Andrew Olshan, Jessie K Edwards, Lawrence S Engel, Hazel B Nichols, Alexandra J White","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000363","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Millions of people in the United States live near Superfund sites and may be exposed to hazardous chemicals from those sites. However, there is limited research on chemicals present at sites and the demographics of nearby communities. We aimed to identify subgroups of Superfund sites with similar contaminant profiles and evaluate whether sociodemographic characteristics vary by type of site.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used US Environmental Protection Agency Superfund data to identify sites active in the year 2000. Census tract centroids located within 3 miles of every Superfund site were identified and a weighted average of census tract-level sociodemographics using the 2000 US Census was calculated. Superfund sites with similar contaminant profiles were identified using latent class analysis. We compared the median sociodemographic characteristics, overall and by contaminant latent class, with those of the overall 2000 US Census.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified seven latent classes based on 12 contaminant categories from 1332 Superfund sites active in 2000. Overall, there were few differences in sociodemographics observed by the presence of any Superfund site compared with the overall US Census. After stratifying by contaminant profile, we observed evidence of disparities for two classes of sites, defined by (1) high diversity of chemical exposure and lumber industry and (2) batteries and metals, which were more likely to have higher hazard scores and to be near communities with higher proportions of non-White individuals, lower socioeconomic status, and higher social vulnerability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Disadvantaged communities, with higher social vulnerability, were more likely to be near certain Superfund sites with higher hazard scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"9 1","pages":"e363"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11793257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between injury occurrence and environmental temperatures in the Australian and German professional football leagues.","authors":"Edgar Schwarz, Rob Duffield, Donna Lu, Hugh Fullagar, Karen Aus der Fünten, Sabrina Skorski, Tobias Tröß, Abed Hadji, Tim Meyer","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000364","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A cross-sectional analysis was performed to investigate associations between environmental temperatures and injury occurrence in two professional male football (soccer) leagues. Data from seven seasons of the German Bundesliga (2142 matches) and four seasons of the Australian A-League (470 matches) were included. Injuries were collated via media reports for the Bundesliga and via team staff reports in the A-League and comprised injury incidence, mechanisms (contact, noncontact), locations (e.g., ankle, knee, and thigh), and types (e.g., muscle and tendon, joint and ligament). Weather data included ambient air temperature (temperature or T) and wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT), which were collected from online sources retrospectively. Generalized linear mixed models were analyzed to examine associations between temperature or WBGT and injury occurrence for each league, respectively. Additionally, matches were grouped into categories of 5°C temperature steps to compare for injury occurrence. Results showed no relationship existed between either temperature or WBGT and any injury occurrence, mechanisms, locations or types for the Bundesliga (<i>P</i> > 0.10). A trend for an increase in injury occurrence in higher WBGT existed in the A-League (<i>P</i> = 0.05). Comparisons between 5°C temperature categories showed no significant differences for injury occurrence for either temperature or WBGT in either League (<i>P</i> > 0.05). Within the observed temperature ranges (-11.2 to 37.1°C T; -12.2 to 29.6°C WBGT) environmental temperature had no relationship with the rate or type of injury occurrence in professional football. Nevertheless, the number of matches at extreme heat within this study was limited and other factors (e.g., playing intensity, season stage, ground conditions) likely co-influence the relationship with injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"9 1","pages":"e364"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial residential segregation is associated with ambient air pollution exposure after adjustment for multilevel sociodemographic factors: Evidence from eight US-based cohorts.","authors":"Hiwot Y Zewdie, Carolyn A Fahey, Anna L Harrington, Jaime E Hart, Mary L Biggs, Leslie A McClure, Eric A Whitsel, Joel D Kaufman, Anjum Hajat","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000367","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We examined if racial residential segregation (RRS) - a fundamental cause of disease - is independently associated with air pollution after accounting for other neighborhood and individual-level sociodemographic factors, to better understand its potential role as a confounder of air pollution-health studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We compiled data from eight large cohorts, restricting to non-Hispanic Black and White urban-residing participants observed at least once between 1999 and 2005. We used 2000 decennial census data to derive a spatial RRS measure (divergence index) and neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) index for participants' residing Census tracts, in addition to participant baseline data, to examine associations between RRS and sociodemographic factors (NSES, education, race) and residential exposure to spatiotemporal model-predicted PM_2.5 and NO₂ levels. We fit random-effects meta-analysis models to pool estimates across adjusted cohort-specific multilevel models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analytic sample included eligible participants in CHS (N = 3,605), MESA (4,785), REGARDS (22,649), NHS (90,415), NHSII (91,654), HPFS (32,625), WHI-OS (77,680), and WHI-CT (56,639). In adjusted univariate models, a quartile higher RRS was associated with 3.73% higher PM_2.5 exposure (95% CI: 2.14%, 5.32%), and an 11.53% higher (95% CI: 10.83%, 12.22%) NO₂ exposure on average. In fully adjusted models, higher RRS was associated with 3.25% higher PM_2.5 exposure (95% CI: 1.45%, 5.05%; <i>P</i> < 0.05) and 10.22% higher NO₂ exposure (95% CI: 6.69%, 13.74%; <i>P</i> < 0.001) on average.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that RRS is associated with the differential distribution of poor air quality independent of NSES or individual race, suggesting it may be a relevant confounder to be considered in future air pollution epidemiology studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"9 1","pages":"e367"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11749741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gestational exposure to PM_2.5, NO₂, and sex steroid hormones: Identifying critical windows of exposure in the Rochester UPSIDE Cohort.","authors":"Mariah Kahwaji, Luke Duttweiler, Sally W Thurston, Donald Harrington, Richard K Miller, Susan K Murphy, Christina Wang, Jessica Brunner, Yihui Ge, Yan Lin, Philip K Hopke, Thomas G O'Connor, Junfeng J Zhang, David Q Rich, Emily S Barrett","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000361","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sex steroid hormones are critical for maintaining pregnancy and optimal fetal development. Air pollutants are potential endocrine disruptors that may disturb sex steroidogenesis during pregnancy, potentially leading to adverse health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes Understanding Pregnancy Signals and Infant Development pregnancy cohort (Rochester, NY), sex steroid concentrations were collected at study visits in early-, mid-, and late-pregnancy in 299 participants. Since these visits varied by the gestational age at blood draw, values were imputed at 14, 22, and 30 weeks gestation. Daily NO₂ and PM_2.5 concentrations were estimated using random forest models, with daily concentrations from each 1-km² grid containing the subject's residence. Associations between gestational week mean NO₂ and PM_2.5 concentrations and sex steroid concentrations were examined utilizing distributed lag nonlinear models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each interquartile range (IQR = 9 ppb) increase in NO₂ during weeks 0-5 was associated with higher early-pregnancy total testosterone levels (cumulative β = 0.45 ln[ng/dl]; 95% CI = 0.07, 0.83), while each IQR increase in NO₂ during weeks 12-14 was associated with lower early-pregnancy total testosterone levels (cumulative β = -0.27 ln[ng/dl]; 95% CI = -0.53, -0.01). Similar NO₂ increases during gestational weeks 0-14 were associated with higher late-pregnancy estradiol concentrations (cumulative β = 0.29 ln[pg/ml]; 95% CI = 0.10, 0.49), while each IQR increase in NO₂ concentrations during gestational weeks 22-30 was associated with lower late-pregnancy estradiol concentrations (cumulative β = -0.18 ln[pg/ml]; 95% CI = -0.34, -0.02). No associations with PM_2.5 were observed, except for an IQR increase in PM_2.5 concentrations (IQR = 4 µg/m³) during gestational weeks 5-11 which was associated with lower late-pregnancy estriol levels (cumulative β = -0.16 ln[ng/ml]; 95% CI = -0.31, -0.00).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Residential NO₂ exposure was associated with altered sex steroid hormone concentrations during pregnancy with some indication of potential compensatory mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"9 1","pages":"e361"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11737499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between neonicotinoids and inflammation in US adults using hematological indices: NHANES 2015-2016.","authors":"Amruta M Godbole, Aimin Chen, Ann M Vuong","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000358","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Toxicological studies suggest neonicotinoids increase oxidative stress and inflammation, but few epidemiological studies have explored these effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-2016 data were used to estimate associations between neonicotinoid exposure and inflammatory markers, including the C-reactive protein-to-lymphocyte count ratio (CLR), monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR (dNLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) using linear and multinomial logistic regression models. Sex was evaluated as a potential modifier.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Detection of any parent neonicotinoid (<i>β</i> = -0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.98, -0.26) and imidacloprid (<i>β</i> = -0.48, 95% CI = -0.87, -0.10) was associated with decreased CLR. Clothianidin was linked to reduced MLR (<i>β</i> = -0.04, 95% CI = -0.07, -0.02), but increased lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (<i>β</i> = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.27, 0.77). Higher dNLR (<i>β</i> = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.26, 1.43) was noted with detection of any neonicotinoid metabolite. Moderately high PLR was observed with detection of any neonicotinoid metabolite (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.27, 2.09) or 5-hydroxy-imidacloprid (RRR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.40, 3.41). Sex-modified analyses showed positive associations in males and inverse associations in females for MHR (<i>P</i> _<i>int</i> = 0.099, clothianidin), PLR (<i>P</i> _<i>int</i> = 0.026, clothianidin), and SII (<i>P</i> _<i>int</i> = 0.056, any parent neonicotinoid; <i>P</i> _<i>int</i> = 0.002, clothianidin), while the opposite pattern was noted with CLR (<i>P</i> _<i>int</i> = 0.073, any parent neonicotinoid) and NLR (<i>P</i> _<i>int</i> = 0.084, clothianidin).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Neonicotinoids may be associated with inflammatory changes, with potential sexual dimorphism. Further studies are required to explore these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"9 1","pages":"e358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11671084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine particulate matter and nonaccidental and cause-specific mortality: Do associations vary by exposure assessment method?","authors":"Jochem O Klompmaker, Peter James, Joel D Kaufman, Joel Schwartz, Jeff D Yanosky, Jaime E Hart, Francine Laden","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000357","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is considerable heterogeneity in fine particulate matter (PM_2.5)-mortality associations between studies, potentially due to differences in exposure assessment methods. Our aim was to evaluate associations of PM_2.5 predicted from different models with nonaccidental and cause-specific mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We followed 107,906 participants of the Nurses' Health Study cohort from 2001 to 2016. PM_2.5 concentrations were estimated from spatiotemporal models developed by researchers at the University of Washington (UW), Pennsylvania State University (PSU), and Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health (HSPH). We calculated 12-month moving average concentrations and we used time-varying Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 30,242 nonaccidental deaths in 1,435,098 person-years. We observed high correlations and similar temporal trends between the PM_2.5 predictions. We found no associations of UW, PSU, or HSPH PM_2.5 with nonaccidental mortality, but suggestive positive associations with cancer, cardiovascular, and respiratory disease mortality. There were small differences in HRs between the PM_2.5 predictions. All three predictions showed the strongest associations with cancer mortality: HRs (95% confidence interval, expressed per 5 µg/m³ increase) were 1.06 (1.01, 1.12) for UW, 1.08 (1.03, 1.13) for PSU, and 1.05 (1.00, 1.10) for HSPH. In a subset restricted to participants who were always exposed to PM_2.5 below 12 µg/m³, we observed positive associations with nonaccidental mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found that differences between PM_2.5 exposure assessment methods could lead to minor differences in strengths of associations between PM_2.5 and cause-specific mortality in a population of US female nurses.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"9 1","pages":"e357"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11666157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine particulate matter and intima media thickness: Role of endothelial function biomarkers.","authors":"Rocio Torrico-Lavayen, Rosalinda Posadas-Sánchez, Citlalli Osorio-Yáñez, Marco Sanchez-Guerra, José Luis Texcalac-Sangrador, Eduardo Ortiz-Panozo, Andrea De Vizcaya-Ruiz, Viridiana Botello-Taboada, Elihu Alexander Hernández-Rodríguez, Iván Gutiérrez-Avila, Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón, Horacio Riojas-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000356","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ambient fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) is a risk factor for atherosclerosis disease. We aimed to assess whether nitric oxide stable metabolites (NOx) and l-arginine mediate the association between PM_2.5 and carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) increase.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We selected 251 participants from the control group of GEA (Genetics of Atheroslerosis Disease Mexican) study (2008-2013) in Mexico City. Mediation models were carried out using pathway analyses, a special case of structural equation models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median concentration of PM_2.5 area under the curve (auc) was 25.2 µg/m³ (interquartile range: 24.2-26.4 µg/m³). Employing participants with observed values for both biomarkers (n = 117), the total effect of PM_2.5auc on mean cIMT at bilateral, right, and left was 19.27 µm (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.77, 32.78; <i>P</i> value = 0.005), 12.69 µm (95% CI: 0.67, 24.71; <i>P</i> value = 0.039), and 25.86 µm (95% CI: 3.18, 48.53; <i>P</i> value = 0.025) per each 1 µg/m³ increase of PM_2.5auc. The direct effect of PM_2.5auc (per 1 µg/m³ increase) was 18.89 µm (95% CI: 5.37, 32.41; <i>P</i> value = 0.006) for bilateral, 13.65 µm (95% CI: 0.76, 26.55; <i>P</i> value = 0.038) for right, and 24.13 µm (95% CI: 3.22, 45.03; <i>P</i> value = 0.024) for left. The indirect effects of NOx and l-arginine were not statistically significant showing that endothelial function biomarkers did not mediate PM_2.5 and cIMT associations. Although l-arginine was not a mediator in the PM_2.5 and cIMT pathway, a decrease in l-arginine was significantly associated with PM_2.5auc.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study of adults from Mexico City, we found that PM_2.5 was associated with an increase in cIMT at bilateral, left, and right, and these associations were not mediated by endothelial function biomarkers (l-arginine and NOx).</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"8 6","pages":"e356"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142727308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}