Raphael Kriegl, Alexander Kovalev, Stanislav Gorb, Mikhail Shamonin
{"title":"In Situ Change in Contact Angle of a Sessile Droplet on a Magnetoactive Elastomer","authors":"Raphael Kriegl, Alexander Kovalev, Stanislav Gorb, Mikhail Shamonin","doi":"10.1002/admi.70603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70603","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Conventional characterization of magnetically tunable wetting properties on magnetoactive elastomer (MAE) surfaces prompts for the re-deposition of water droplets when the surface state is to be changed, e.g., via the magnetic field. Motivated by potential applications of these smart materials in digital microfluidics, we experimentally investigate the wetting of MAE surfaces in time-varying magnetic fields. Not only is the dynamical contact angle considered, but also the externally applied magnetic field can vary with time (square-wave, rising-edge and falling-edge step excitations). It is found that the wetting characteristics of water droplets permanently present on MAE surfaces are different from the conventional approach, i.e., an increase in the magnetic field does not normally lead to an increase in the contact angle (CA). Additionally, it is hypothesized that formation and magnetic-field enhancement of the wetting ridge on the surface of a soft (effective shear modulus <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mo><</mo>\u0000 <annotation>$<$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> 10 kPa) MAE play an important role in dynamic wetting. A simple, purely geometrical theory is capable of describing the initial growth of the CA of an inflating droplet with time for the rising-edge step magnetic field. Observed physical effects are discussed in the view of modern concepts regarding the surface and bulk properties of MAEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70603","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148785228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Large-Area Printed PEDOT:PSS Shielding and Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) on Textiles","authors":"Benjamin King, Mahmoud Wagih","doi":"10.1002/admi.70584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70584","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Conductive polymers, such as Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS), have been widely investigated for radio frequency (RF) and microwave electromagnetic shielding. However, achieving high frequency-selectivity remains challenging due to their low conductivity, leading to a high sheet resistance. Herein, we report for the first time a screen-printed, flexible frequency-selective surface (FSS) based on multilayer PEDOT: PSS films on both rough nonwoven textiles and textured paper-based surfaces. Bulk PEDOT: PSS films demonstrate increasing shielding effectiveness with layer thickness and conductivity that is dependent on the substrate's texture and absorbance. On nonwoven polyester/cellulose composite fabric, 20-layer films yield a DC sheet resistance of 5 Ω/□ and a shielding effectiveness of 32 dB (98.88%) across the 3.5 to 6 GHz frequency band. A similar screen-printed PEDOT: PSS FSS filters signals as a band-stop filter at 4.4 GHz with a half-power bandwidth of 450 MHz, achieving a Quality Factor of 9.2, and in-band shielding of 13 dB, surpassing printed surfaces using metallic inks and demonstrating the suitability of conducting polymers in passive, flexible, and large-area band-filtering devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70584","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Large-Area Printed PEDOT:PSS Shielding and Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) on Textiles","authors":"Benjamin King, Mahmoud Wagih","doi":"10.1002/admi.70584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70584","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Conductive polymers, such as Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS), have been widely investigated for radio frequency (RF) and microwave electromagnetic shielding. However, achieving high frequency-selectivity remains challenging due to their low conductivity, leading to a high sheet resistance. Herein, we report for the first time a screen-printed, flexible frequency-selective surface (FSS) based on multilayer PEDOT: PSS films on both rough nonwoven textiles and textured paper-based surfaces. Bulk PEDOT: PSS films demonstrate increasing shielding effectiveness with layer thickness and conductivity that is dependent on the substrate's texture and absorbance. On nonwoven polyester/cellulose composite fabric, 20-layer films yield a DC sheet resistance of 5 Ω/□ and a shielding effectiveness of 32 dB (98.88%) across the 3.5 to 6 GHz frequency band. A similar screen-printed PEDOT: PSS FSS filters signals as a band-stop filter at 4.4 GHz with a half-power bandwidth of 450 MHz, achieving a Quality Factor of 9.2, and in-band shielding of 13 dB, surpassing printed surfaces using metallic inks and demonstrating the suitability of conducting polymers in passive, flexible, and large-area band-filtering devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70584","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Hybrid Computational Framework for PCF-based SPR Sensor With Machine Learning and xAI","authors":"Mahabur Rahman Fahim, Sudeep Paul, Musrat Jahan, Md Abu Shahid Chowdhury","doi":"10.1002/admi.70593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70593","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photonics crystal fiber (PCF)-based sensors employing surface plasmon resonance (SPR) have become a highly effective tools for detecting molecular interactions without using any labels. This study introduces highly sensitive PCF-based SPR sensor, utilizing rectangular air holes with traditional circular air holes, which achieves an impressive wavelength sensitivity of 15000 nm/RIU and an amplitude sensitivity of 1025.02 RIU<sup>−1</sup>, spanning a broad refractive index (RI) range from 1.31 to 1.39. The proposed sensor was assessed by numerical analysis, utilizing the finite element method along with a perfectly matched layer. Furthermore, this research employs machine learning (ML), specifically random forest regressor (RFR), gradient boosting regressor (GBR), and categorical boosting regressor (CatBR), to predict confinement loss and sensitivity, marking a notable progression in reducing computational time (0.002 sec). An explainable AI (xAI) method is further applied to understand the dependency of the sensor parameters. These algorithms provide adaptive learning capabilities and meaningful data-driven interpretation, resulting in an impressive R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.98, confirming their effectiveness in forecasting sensor performance. This integration of SPR, PCF, and ML not only enhances sensor optimization but also presents a rapid, efficient framework for performance estimation, emphasizing the significant potential of ML in the advancement of optical sensor development.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70593","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Operando X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Reveals Dynamic Interfacial Metal–Metal Coordination Governing CO2 Reduction Selectivity in PdAg Alloys","authors":"Ruspika Sundaresan, Pandiyarajan Anand, Li-Ling Lin, Naveen Karuppusamy, Hsu-Feng Lee, Shin-Yu Chang, Tsu-Hao Chang, Yu-Cheng Shao, Ching-Wei Tung","doi":"10.1002/admi.70582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70582","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Achieving high selectivity towards single carbon products in electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction requires precise control over intermediate binding energies, a challenge that monometallic catalysts cannot address due to inherent electronic structure limitations. Bimetallic catalyst offers a strategic solution through synergetic electronic effects that decouple these correlations, enabling independent optimization of CO<sub>2</sub> activation and CO desorption, critical steps for selective single-carbon production. Herein, we demonstrate a Pd<sub>x</sub>Ag<sub>1-x</sub> electrocatalyst system that achieved a CO selectivity of 91% at −1.1 V versus RHE with an optimized composition. Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals that Ag as the active site, undergoes partial oxidation to Ag<sup>+</sup> under reaction conditions, donating electron density to Pd sites, while EXAFS analysis establishes composition–dependent metal–metal (M–M) bonding as the critical selectivity determinant. These findings provide a quantitative design framework for rational composition engineering of next-generation bimetallic CO<sub>2</sub> reduction catalysts based on active site coordination dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70582","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asad Ali, Han Ik Kim, Seokje Lee, Imhwan Kim, Hongseok Oh, Gyu-Chul Yi
{"title":"An Ultra-Reliable and Highly Sensitive Flexible Piezoelectric Pressure Sensor Based on Vertically Aligned Gallium Nitride Microrod Arrays on Graphene","authors":"Asad Ali, Han Ik Kim, Seokje Lee, Imhwan Kim, Hongseok Oh, Gyu-Chul Yi","doi":"10.1002/admi.70590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70590","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We report a robust and flexible piezoelectric pressure sensor based on gallium nitride (GaN) <i>p–n</i> homojunction microrod arrays on graphene. The microrods were synthesized via a two-step metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) process. First, catalyst-free MOCVD was used to grow position-controlled zinc oxide (ZnO) nanotubes on graphene. Subsequently, <i>n</i>- and <i>p</i>-type GaN layers were conformally coated on ZnO nanotubes to obtain coaxial GaN <i>p-n</i> homojunction microrods. FESEM confirmed position-controlled microrod arrays, while X-ray Diffraction (XRD) revealed their preferential <i>c</i>-axis orientation. To fabricate the device, the gaps between the microrods were filled with a polyimide layer, followed by the mechanical release of the microrods from the SiO<sub>2</sub>/Si substrate, enabled by the weak van der Waals interface between the graphene and the substrate. The vertical device structure was completed by depositing an ohmic metal contact at the microrods tip, yielding a flexible piezoelectric pressure sensor. The pressure response of the sensor was evaluated by applying pressure using argon gas, demonstrating stable, rapid, and highly sensitive pressure responses. Long-term sensor performance was quantitatively assessed, yielding consistent pressure responses after repeated thermal cycling and immersion in phosphate-buffered saline, demonstrating the device's potential for operation in harsh environments, including in vivo biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70590","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Humaun Kabir, Darrius Dias, Jacob Bons, MD Wasek Foysal, Evan Johnson, Joe Kosmoski, Hong Liang
{"title":"Influence of Carbon Nanoparticles on Electrically Induced Wear of Grease-Lubricated Steels","authors":"Mohammad Humaun Kabir, Darrius Dias, Jacob Bons, MD Wasek Foysal, Evan Johnson, Joe Kosmoski, Hong Liang","doi":"10.1002/admi.70520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70520","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Under electrified conditions, the interfacial parameters that govern wear under electrical loading, and the way electrical and mechanical effects remain insufficiently understood. In this study, the electro-tribological behavior of lithium-, calcium-, and aluminum-based greases was systematically investigated under non-electrified and electrified sliding conditions, with a particular focus on the role of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) as functional additives. Rheological, adhesion, electrical, friction, and wear measurements were combined with surface characterization to elucidate the governing mechanisms. Under electrified conditions, base greases exhibited pronounced friction instability, elevated wear rates, and severe surface damage. In contrast, CNP-modified greases demonstrated substantially improved performance, with up to ∼45% reduction in wear and significantly stabilized friction behavior. Electrical analyses revealed that while CNPs reduce the bulk electrical impedance of the grease matrix, they increase the contact resistance during sliding, indicating enhanced interfacial electrical separation. Regression analysis demonstrated that wear under electrified conditions is primarily governed by the electrical impedance of the grease system, with CNPs playing a central role in regulating charge transport and interfacial electrical stability. These findings establish an electro-mechanical framework linking CNP-enabled impedance regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70520","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kathryn E. Shaffer, Alex Q. Zhang, Mehdi Karimi, Ahmed Al Kindi, Linnaea D. Uliassi, Nemea S. Courelli, Julia J. Ong, Conor D. Pugsley, Andrew R. Rhode, Erik B. Watkins, Rebecca J.L. Welbourn, Alexander Alexeev, Angela A. Pitenis
{"title":"Neutron Reflectometry and Compression of Graded Hydrogel Surfaces","authors":"Kathryn E. Shaffer, Alex Q. Zhang, Mehdi Karimi, Ahmed Al Kindi, Linnaea D. Uliassi, Nemea S. Courelli, Julia J. Ong, Conor D. Pugsley, Andrew R. Rhode, Erik B. Watkins, Rebecca J.L. Welbourn, Alexander Alexeev, Angela A. Pitenis","doi":"10.1002/admi.70580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70580","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Polyacrylamide hydrogels with depth-wise gradients in polymer density (i.e., surface gel layers) are ideal synthetic models to understand stress modulation in hierarchical, compositionally-graded biological tissues, including articular cartilage, in part, due to their similarities in water content and network structure. This work investigated surface gel layer thickness and crosslinker mobility (e.g., covalent crosslinks vs. physical entanglements) in polyacrylamide hydrogels and their impact on mechanical properties via confocal microscopy, indentation and compression measurements, neutron reflectivity, and mesoscale modeling. Hydrogels polymerized against oxygen-permeable polydimethylsiloxane exhibited thicker surface gel layers and significantly lower elastic modulus compared to hydrogels polymerized against oxygen-impermeable glass. Physical entanglements lowered the hydrogel elastic modulus within the surface gel layer and throughout the bulk. Neutron reflectivity revealed the collapse of near-surface polymer networks under compressive loads, in good agreement with dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations. Our results suggested that both the hydrogel elastic modulus and crosslinker mobility set the load required to collapse the polymer network. Furthermore, the collapse of thicker surface gel layers resulted in lower polymer network density than thinner surface gel layers. This work points to polymer density and crosslinker mobility as key design parameters in the design of stress-modulating and tissue-like materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70580","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Humaun Kabir, Darrius Dias, Jacob Bons, MD Wasek Foysal, Evan Johnson, Joe Kosmoski, Hong Liang
{"title":"Influence of Carbon Nanoparticles on Electrically Induced Wear of Grease-Lubricated Steels (Adv. Mater. Interfaces 15/2026)","authors":"Mohammad Humaun Kabir, Darrius Dias, Jacob Bons, MD Wasek Foysal, Evan Johnson, Joe Kosmoski, Hong Liang","doi":"10.1002/admi.70540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Tribo-Electrochemistry</b></p><p>This art represents the contact interface of a bearing ball on a grease lubricated metal surface that was abraded with groves. The surface charge was induced by an electric field leading to surface damage. More details can be found in the Research Article by Hong Liang and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/admi.70520). The art image was created by the first author of the article, M. Humaun Kabir.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70540","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Turning Humidity Into Function: Heterojunction Interfaces for Dual-Mode Removal of Nonpolar Vapors","authors":"Jinwook Lee, Jooyoun Kim","doi":"10.1002/admi.70594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70594","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A core–shell heterojunction photocatalyst, MIL–88B(Fe)@Fe<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, is directly synthesized on an oxidized iron wire that serves as both an iron source and a structural scaffold. The resulting wire-grown hetero-catalytic adsorbent (MIL@FeP@wire) exhibits efficient generation of superoxide (•O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>) and hydroxyl (•OH) radicals under light irradiation. Its gas-phase removal performance is evaluated using cyclohexane (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>) as a representative nonpolar volatile organic compound (VOC). MIL@FeP@wire demonstrates combined dual-mode cyclohexane removal across 10%–90% relative humidity (RH), whereas single-component materials display an adsorption- or catalysis-dominated behavior. Notably, this work elucidates how ambient humidity mediates VOC-adsorbent interactions by distinctly regulating adsorption and photocatalytic degradation pathways. Dynamic vapor sorption and hydrophobic interaction chromatography show that water vapor forms a hydration layer on MIL@FeP@wire, enhancing interfacial affinity for nonpolar cyclohexane and promoting adsorption. Concurrently, electron spin resonance confirms humidity-enhanced •OH generation, which accelerates photocatalytic oxidation. This pathway-resolved analysis, which distinguishes adsorption and photodegradation contributions, identifies water vapor as a functional mediator that regulates adsorption and catalytic degradation through hydration-induced interfacial effects in air purification.</p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":"13 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.70594","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}