Yujie Huang, Ruoting Qing, Yu Yang, Ming Li, Jun Gao
{"title":"Sex and Age Differences in Ontogeny of Alloparenting: A Relation to Forebrain DRD1, DRD2, and HTR2A mRNA Expression?","authors":"Yujie Huang, Ruoting Qing, Yu Yang, Ming Li, Jun Gao","doi":"10.1002/dev.22524","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dev.22524","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alloparenting refers to the practice of caring for the young by individuals other than their biological parents. The relationship between the dynamic changes in psychological functions underlying alloparenting and the development of specific neuroreceptors remains unclear. Using a classic 10-day pup sensitization procedure, together with a pup preference and pup retrieval test on the EPM (elevated plus maze), we showed that both male and female adolescent rats (24 days old) had significantly shorter latency than adult rats (65 days old) to be alloparental, and their motivation levels for pups and objects were also significantly higher. In contrast, adult rats retrieved more pups than adolescent rats even though they appeared to be more anxious on the EPM. Analysis of mRNA expression using real-time-PCR revealed a higher dopamine D<sub>2</sub> receptor (DRD2) receptor expression in adult hippocampus, amygdala, and ventral striatum, along with higher dopamine D<sub>1</sub> receptor (DRD1) receptor expression in ventral striatum compared to adolescent rats. Adult rats also showed significantly higher levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (HTR2A) receptor expression in the medial prefrontal cortex, amygdala, ventral striatum, and hypothalamus. These results suggest that the faster onset of alloparenting in adolescent rats compared to adult rats, along with the psychological functions involved, may be mediated by varying levels of dopamine DRD1, DRD2, and HTR2A in different forebrain regions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"66 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141554349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evin Aktar, Marianna Venetikidi, Bram van Bockstaele, Danielle van der Giessen, Koraly Pérez-Edgar
{"title":"Pupillary Responses to Dynamic Negative Versus Positive Facial Expressions of Emotion in Children and Parents: Links to Depression and Anxiety","authors":"Evin Aktar, Marianna Venetikidi, Bram van Bockstaele, Danielle van der Giessen, Koraly Pérez-Edgar","doi":"10.1002/dev.22522","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dev.22522","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Witnessing emotional expressions in others triggers physiological arousal in humans. The current study focused on pupil responses to emotional expressions in a community sample as a physiological index of arousal and attention. We explored the associations between parents’ and offspring's responses to dynamic facial expressions of emotion, as well as the links between pupil responses and anxiety/depression. Children (<i>N</i> = 90, <i>M<sub>Age</sub></i> = 10.13, range = 7.21–12.94, 47 girls) participated in this lab study with one of their parents (47 mothers). Pupil responses were assessed in a computer task with dynamic happy, angry, fearful, and sad expressions, while participants verbally labeled the emotion displayed on the screen as quickly as possible. Parents and children reported anxiety and depression symptoms in questionnaires. Both parents and children showed stronger pupillary responses to negative versus positive expressions, and children's responses were overall stronger than those of parents. We also found links between the pupil responses of parents and children to negative, especially to angry faces. Child pupil responses were related to their own and their parents’ anxiety levels and to their parents’ (but not their own) depression. We conclude that child pupils are sensitive to individual differences in parents’ pupils and emotional dispositions in community samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"66 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dev.22522","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141533940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acute Stress Affects the Relaxin/Insulin-Like Family Peptide Receptor 3 mRNA Expression in Brain of Pubertal Male Wistar Rats","authors":"Miłosz Gołyszny, Michał Zieliński, Ewa Obuchowicz","doi":"10.1002/dev.22523","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dev.22523","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current literature suggests that relaxin-3/relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 3 (RLN-3/RXFP-3) system is involved in the pathophysiology of affective disorders because the results of anatomical and pharmacological studies have shown that the RLN-3 signaling pathway plays a role in modulating the stress response, anxiety, arousal, depression-like behavior, and neuroendocrine homeostasis. The risk of developing mental illnesses in adulthood is increased by exposure to stress in early periods of life. The available data indicate that puberty is especially characterized by the development of the neural system and emotionality and is a “stress-sensitive” period. The presented study assessed the short-term changes in the expression of RLN-3 and RXFP-3 mRNA in the stress-dependent brain regions in male pubertal Wistar rats that had been subjected to acute stress. Three stressors were applied from 42 to 44 postnatal days (first day: a single forced swim; second day: stress on an elevated platform that was repeated three times; third day: restraint stress three times). Anxiety (open field, elevated plus maze test) and anhedonic-like behavior (sucrose preference test) were estimated during these tests. The corticosterone (CORT) levels and blood morphology were estimated. We found that the RXFP-3 mRNA expression decreased in the brainstem, whereas it increased in the hypothalamus 72 h after acute stress. These molecular changes were accompanied by the increased levels of CORT and anxiety-like behavior detected in the open field test that had been conducted earlier, that is, 24 h after the stress procedure. These findings shed new light on the neurochemical changes that are involved in the compensatory response to adverse events in pubertal male rats and support other data that suggest a regulatory interplay between the RLN-3 pathway and the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis activity in the mechanisms of anxiety-like behavior.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"66 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141544692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Endogenous Control and Reward-based Mechanisms Shape Infants’ Attention Biases to Caregiver Faces","authors":"Brianna Hunter, Brooke Montgomery, Aditi Sridhar, Julie Markant","doi":"10.1002/dev.22521","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dev.22521","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Infants rely on developing attention skills to identify relevant stimuli in their environments. Although caregivers are socially rewarding and a critical source of information, they are also one of many stimuli that compete for infants’ attention. Young infants preferentially hold attention on caregiver faces, but it is unknown whether they also preferentially orient to caregivers and the extent to which these attention biases reflect reward-based attention mechanisms. To address these questions, we measured 4- to 10-month-old infants’ (<i>N</i> = 64) frequency of orienting and duration of looking to caregiver and stranger faces within multi-item arrays. We also assessed whether infants’ attention to these faces related to individual differences in Surgency, an indirect index of reward sensitivity. Although infants did not show biased attention to caregiver versus stranger faces at the group level, infants were increasingly biased to orient to stranger faces with age and infants with higher Surgency scores showed more robust attention orienting and attention holding biases to caregiver faces. These effects varied based on the selective attention demands of the task, suggesting that infants’ attention biases to caregiver faces may reflect both developing attention control skills and reward-based attention mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"66 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dev.22521","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141476158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allyson Paton, Shaelyn Stienwandt, Lara Penner-Goeke, Ryan J. Giuliano, Leslie E. Roos
{"title":"Feasibility of an Online Acute Stressor in Preschool Children of Mothers with Depression","authors":"Allyson Paton, Shaelyn Stienwandt, Lara Penner-Goeke, Ryan J. Giuliano, Leslie E. Roos","doi":"10.1002/dev.22520","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dev.22520","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Maternal depression is a risk factor for future mental health problems in offspring, with stress-system function as a candidate vulnerability factor. Here we present initial validation of an online matching-task (MT) paradigm in young children exposed to maternal depression (<i>N </i>= 40), a first in stressor-paradigm research for this age group. Investigations of stress-system reactivity that can be conducted online are an innovative assessment approach, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Results indicate high feasibility, with a >75% data collection success rate across measures, similar-to or better-than in-person success rates in young children. Overall, the online MT elicited significant heart rate but not cortisol reactivity. Individual differences in child mental health symptoms were a moderator of reactivity to the stressor such that children with lower, but not higher, behavioral problems exhibited the typical pattern of cortisol reactivity to the online MT. Results are aligned with allostatic load models, which suggest downregulation of stress-system reactivity as a result of experiencing adversity and mental health vulnerability. Consistent with in-person research, this suggests that an early phenotype for the emergence of behavior problems may be linked to altered stress-system reactivity. Results hold potential clinical implications for intervention development and the future of online stress-system research.</p><p><b>Trial Registration</b>: Clinical Trial Registration: NCT04639557; (Building Regulation in Dual Generations—Telehealth Model [BRIDGE]).</p>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"66 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dev.22520","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141455804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ka I Ip, Wen Wen, Lester Sim, Shanting Chen, Su Yeong Kim
{"title":"Associations of Household and Neighborhood Contexts and Hair Cortisol Among Mexican-Origin Adolescents From Low-Income Immigrant Families","authors":"Ka I Ip, Wen Wen, Lester Sim, Shanting Chen, Su Yeong Kim","doi":"10.1002/dev.22519","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dev.22519","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although neighborhood contexts serve as upstream determinants of health, it remains unclear how these contexts “get under the skin” of Mexican-origin youth, who are disproportionately concentrated in highly disadvantaged yet co-ethnic neighborhoods. The current study examines the associations between household and neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES), neighborhood racial–ethnic and immigrant composition, and hair cortisol concentration (HCC)—a physiological index of chronic stress response—among Mexican-origin adolescents from low-income immigrant families in the United States. A total of 297 (54.20% female; mage = 17.61, SD = 0.93) Mexican-origin adolescents had their hair cortisol collected, and their residential addresses were geocoded and merged with the American Community Survey. Neighborhoods with higher Hispanic-origin and foreign-born residents were associated with higher neighborhood disadvantage, whereas neighborhoods with higher non-Hispanic White and domestic-born residents were associated with higher neighborhood affluence. Mexican-origin adolescents living in neighborhoods with a higher proportion of Hispanic-origin residents showed <i>lower</i> levels of HCC, consistent with the role of the ethnic enclave. In contrast, adolescents living in more affluent neighborhoods showed <i>higher</i> levels of HCC, possibly reflecting a physiological toll. No association was found between household SES and HCC. Our findings underscore the importance of taking sociocultural contexts and person–environment fit into consideration when understanding how neighborhoods influence adolescents’ stress physiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"66 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dev.22519","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141455790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica R. Whitaker-Fornek, Jennie K. Nelson, Jason Q. Pilarski
{"title":"Chloride Modulates Central pH Sensitivity and Plasticity of Brainstem Breathing-Related Biorhythms in Zebra Finch Embryos","authors":"Jessica R. Whitaker-Fornek, Jennie K. Nelson, Jason Q. Pilarski","doi":"10.1002/dev.22518","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dev.22518","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All terrestrial vertebrate life must transition from aquatic gas exchange in the embryonic environment to aerial or pulmonary respiration at birth. In addition to being able to breathe air, neonates must possess functional sensory feedback systems for maintaining acid–base balance. Respiratory neurons in the brainstem act as pH sensors that can adjust breathing to regulate systemic pH. The central pH sensitivity of breathing-related motor output develops over the embryonic period in the zebra finch (<i>Taeniopygia guttata</i>). Due to the key role of chloride ions in electrochemical stability and developmental plasticity, we tested chloride's role in the development of central pH sensitivity. We blocked gamma-aminobutyric acid-A receptors and cation-chloride cotransport that subtly modulated the low-pH effects on early breathing biorhythms. Further, chloride-free artificial cerebrospinal fluid altered the pattern and timing of breathing biorhythms and blocked the stimulating effect of acidosis in E12–14 brainstems. Early and middle stage embryos exhibited rebound plasticity in brainstem motor outputs during low-pH treatment, which was eliminated by chloride-free solution. Results show that chloride modulates low-pH sensitivity and rebound plasticity in the zebra finch embryonic brainstem, but work is needed to determine the cellular and circuit mechanisms that control functional chloride balance during acid–base disturbances.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"66 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141455791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicole A. Cho, Gerald F. Giesbrecht, Deborah Dewey, Raylene A. Reimer
{"title":"Early Life Surgency, but not Effortful Control or Negative Affectivity, Is a Mediating Variable Between Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index and Childhood Obesity Risk","authors":"Nicole A. Cho, Gerald F. Giesbrecht, Deborah Dewey, Raylene A. Reimer","doi":"10.1002/dev.22517","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dev.22517","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Maternal gestational obesity is related to risk of obesity in the child. This risk may be in part mediated by altered child temperament, which can affect mother–child interactions, including feeding and soothing behaviors that affect obesity risk. Our objective was to examine the association between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and child <i>z</i>BMI and determine if child temperament, specifically positive Affectivity/Surgency, mediates this association. Using conditional process modeling, we analyzed data from 408 mother–child dyads enrolled in the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) study. Child temperament was assessed at 3 years of age via a parent report measure, the Child Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ), and child <i>z</i>BMI was calculated from in-person measurements of child height and weight at 4–5 years of age. Bivariate correlations showed that there was a significant positive correlation between <i>z</i>BMI and Surgency (<i>r</i> = 0.11, <i>p</i> = 0.03), and <i>z</i>BMI was also correlated with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI (<i>r</i> = 0.12, <i>p</i> = 0.02). Multivariable regression revealed that maternal pre-pregnancy BMI (adjusted <i>β</i> = 0.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]; 0.00–0.05, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and Surgency scores (adjusted <i>β</i> = 0.14, 95% CI; 0.02–0.28, <i>p</i> = 0.03) were associated with higher child <i>z</i>BMI at 4–5 years of age. Mediation analysis showed that Surgency mediated the association between pre-pregnancy BMI and child <i>z</i>BMI. Our models controlled for maternal gestational weight gain, gestational diabetes, socioeconomic status, maternal anxiety and depression, and gestational age at birth. Overall, maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was positively associated with child <i>z</i>BMI, and this association was mediated by higher child Surgency scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"66 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dev.22517","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141455792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Megan M. Davis, Haina H. Modi, Haley V. Skymba, Katherine Haigler, Megan K. Finnegan, Eva H. Telzer, Karen D. Rudolph
{"title":"Neural Sensitivity to Peer Feedback and Depressive Symptoms: Moderation by Executive Function","authors":"Megan M. Davis, Haina H. Modi, Haley V. Skymba, Katherine Haigler, Megan K. Finnegan, Eva H. Telzer, Karen D. Rudolph","doi":"10.1002/dev.22515","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dev.22515","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Theories of adolescent development suggest that elevated neural sensitivity to social evaluation confers tradeoffs for adolescents’ wellbeing, promoting adaptation to changing social contexts but increasing risk for emotional distress and depression. This study investigated whether the association between neural processing of peer feedback and depressive symptoms depends on teacher-reported executive function (EF) ability in adolescent girls. Girls showed activation to negative and positive peer feedback in regions implicated in social–emotional processing that interacted with EF to predict depressive symptoms. Specifically, activation predicted more depression in youth with poorer EF but less depression in youth with better EF, suggesting that the impact of increased social sensitivity may depend on youths’ ability to regulate this sensitivity in adaptive ways.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"66 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141455806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marta Zammuto, Cristina Ottaviani, Dora Bianchi, Fiorenzo Laghi, Antonia Lonigro
{"title":"From One's Heart to the Mind of Others: A Study in School-Aged Children","authors":"Marta Zammuto, Cristina Ottaviani, Dora Bianchi, Fiorenzo Laghi, Antonia Lonigro","doi":"10.1002/dev.22516","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dev.22516","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies have shown a significant association between effective parasympathetic modulation of the heart and processes linked to social cognition. Particularly, Quintana and colleagues documented a relation between vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) and performance on a theory of mind (ToM) task, namely, the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), in a sample of university students. The purpose of the present study was to test whether such result would extend to a sample of school-aged children (7–9 years old) using the child version of the RMET. In addition, the Eyes Test Revised was administered as it is more suitable to evaluate ToM during childhood. Results supported the positive association between vmHRV and ToM abilities, replicating and extending previous results obtained in young adults. The current study adds to the existing literature pointing to HRV as a putative biomarker of social cognition abilities.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11086,"journal":{"name":"Developmental psychobiology","volume":"66 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141455805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}