工程技术最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing indoor air quality: Harnessing architectural elements, natural ventilation and passive design strategies for effective pollution reduction - A comprehensive review.","authors":"Atiye Jarrahi, Ardalan Aflaki, Mojgan Khakpour, Masoud Esfandiari","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Air pollution poses a critical global challenge with severe environmental and human health implications. The associated health risks, including premature mortality, underscore the urgency of effective mitigation strategies. Many studies focus on control strategies without considering specific contaminant types, and there is a notable gap in research on cost-effective, eco-friendly methods, especially in countries facing substantial air pollution challenges. This study aims to fill this gap by providing a comprehensive review of various air pollutants and proposing optimal passive design strategies for mitigating them in building facades. Through a structural process and comparative analysis of existing literature, this study evaluates the cost, maintenance, applicability of retrofitting, and removal efficacy of three categories of control strategies: bio-filtration, adsorbents, and water-based approaches. The results confirm that biological air purification systems are more effective than other methods at reducing PM_2.5, PM₁₀, and VOCs. Moreover, the cost analysis confirms that the more costly approaches are photocatalytic filters and metal-organic frameworks derived from the adsorbent solutions. Thus, the study suggests applying cost-effective techniques like facade biofiltration, and water-based curtain façade in areas with high air pollution. In terms of the applicability of retrofitting, the results ascertain adsorbent strategies are the most effective for reducing air pollutants in existing buildings followed by water-based methods. Considering limitations associated with certain strategies, such as the high cost and regular maintenance, this study proposes five integrated strategies for the effective control and removal of pollutants from building exteriors. By addressing these gaps in knowledge and offering practical insights, this research contributes valuable guidance for architects, policymakers, and practitioners in developing sustainable, efficient solutions to combat indoor air pollution effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":" ","pages":"176631"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating multimodal learning for improved vital health parameter estimation.","authors":"Ashish Marisetty, Prathistith Raj Medi, Praneeth Nemani, Venkanna Udutalapally, Debanjan Das","doi":"10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.109104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.109104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malnutrition poses a significant threat to global health, resulting from an inadequate intake of essential nutrients that adversely impacts vital organs and overall bodily functioning. Periodic examinations and mass screenings, incorporating both conventional and non-invasive techniques, have been employed to combat this challenge. However, these approaches suffer from critical limitations, such as the need for additional equipment, lack of comprehensive feature representation, absence of suitable health indicators, and the unavailability of smartphone implementations for precise estimations of Body Fat Percentage (BFP), Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR), and Body Mass Index (BMI) to enable efficient smart-malnutrition monitoring. To address these constraints, this study presents a groundbreaking, scalable, and robust smart malnutrition-monitoring system that leverages a single full-body image of an individual to estimate height, weight, and other crucial health parameters within a multi-modal learning framework. Our proposed methodology involves the reconstruction of a highly precise 3D point cloud, from which 512-dimensional feature embeddings are extracted using a headless-3D classification network. Concurrently, facial and body embeddings are also extracted, and through the application of learnable parameters, these features are then utilized to estimate weight accurately. Furthermore, essential health metrics, including BMR, BFP, and BMI, are computed to comprehensively analyze the subject's health, subsequently facilitating the provision of personalized nutrition plans. While being robust to a wide range of lighting conditions across multiple devices, our model achieves a low Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of ± 4.7 cm and ± 5.3 kg in estimating height and weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":10578,"journal":{"name":"Computers in biology and medicine","volume":"183 ","pages":"109104"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Riemannian manifold-based geometric clustering of continuous glucose monitoring to improve personalized diabetes management.","authors":"Jiafeng Song, Jocelyn McNeany, Yifei Wang, Tanicia Daley, Arlene Stecenko, Rishikesan Kamaleswaran","doi":"10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.109255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.109255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) provides a detailed representation of glucose fluctuations in individuals, offering a rich dataset for understanding glycemic control in diabetes management. This study explores the potential of Riemannian manifold-based geometric clustering to analyze and interpret CGM data for individuals with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) and healthy controls (HC), aiming to enhance diabetes management and treatment personalization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized CGM data from publicly accessible datasets, covering both T1D individuals on insulin and HC. Data were segmented into daily intervals, from which 27 distinct glycemic features were extracted. Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) was then applied to reduce dimensionality and visualize the data, with model performance validated through correlation analysis between Silhouette Score (SS) against HC cluster and HbA1c levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>UMAP effectively distinguished between T1D on daily insulin and HC groups, with data points clustering according to glycemic profiles. Moderate inverse correlations were observed between SS against HC cluster and HbA1c levels, supporting the clinical relevance of the UMAP-derived metric.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates the utility of UMAP in enhancing the analysis of CGM data for diabetes management. We revealed distinct clustering of glycemic profiles between healthy individuals and diabetics on daily insulin indicating that in most instances insulin does not restore a normal glycemic phenotype. In addition, the SS quantifies day by day the degree of this continued dysglycemia and therefore potentially offers a novel approach for personalized diabetes care.</p>","PeriodicalId":10578,"journal":{"name":"Computers in biology and medicine","volume":"183 ","pages":"109255"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational metal-flavonoids complexes presentation of greenly synthesized silver nanoparticles combined flavonoids from <i>Lens culinaris L.</i> as anticancer agents using BcL-2 and IspC proteins.","authors":"Heba W Alhamdi, Fatma Alzahraa Mokhtar, Fouad Lamghari Ridouane, Ali A Shati, Serag Eldin I Elbehairi, Lamiaa I Fahmy, Mohammad Y Alfaifi, Nada K Sedky, Heba A Fahmy","doi":"10.1080/21691401.2024.2420414","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21691401.2024.2420414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Lens culinaris L.</i>, has been widely recognized for its medical applications. LC-ESI-TOF-MS identified 22 secondary metabolites including phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanidin glycosides among its total extract (LCTE). The study aimed to apply LCTE as a biogenic material for reducing and capping the silver nanoparticles (LC-AgNPs). The ynthesized LC-AgNPs were characterized using different techniques. The UV absorption was observed at <i>λ</i>_max 379 nm. LC-AgNPs were spherical, with 19.22 nm average size. The face cubic centre nature was demonstrated by HR-TEM and XRD. The LC-AgNPs were then evaluated for their anticancer and antimicrobial potentials. LC-AgNPs showed an extremely potent cytotoxic activity against MCF-7, HCT-116 and HepG2 cell lines (IC₅₀= 0.37, 0.35 and 0.1 µg/mL, respectively). LC-AgNPs induced significant apoptotic effects in the three examined cancer cell lines. LC-AgNPs resulted in sequestration of cells in G1 phase of the cell cycle in both MCF-7 and HCT-116 cells, meanwhile it trapped cells at the G2 phase in HepG2 cells. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of LC-AgNPs was highly confirmed against <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>. Molecular docking study designated Kaempferol-3-O-robinoside-7-O-rhamnoside and Quercetin-3-D-xyloside as the topmost LCTE active constituents that caused inhibition of both Bcl-2 and IspC cancer targets in combination with the produced silver nanoparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":8736,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology","volume":"52 1","pages":"529-550"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic response to a heterologous poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) pathway in Phaeodactylum tricornutum.","authors":"Matthias Windhagauer, Martina A Doblin, Brandon Signal, Unnikrishnan Kuzhiumparambil, Michele Fabris, Raffaela M Abbriano","doi":"10.1007/s00253-023-12823-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00253-023-12823-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum is an emerging host for metabolic engineering, but little is known about how introduced pathways are integrated into the existing metabolic framework of the host or influence transgene expression. In this study, we expressed the heterologous poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) pathway using episomal expression, which draws on the precursor acetyl coenzyme-A (AcCoA). By experimentally perturbing cultivation conditions, we gained insight into the regulation of the endogenous metabolism in transgenic lines under various environmental scenarios, as well as on alterations in AcCoA flux within the host cell. Biosynthesis of PHB led to distinct shifts in the metabolome of the host, and further analysis revealed a condition-dependent relationship between endogenous and transgenic metabolic pathways. Under N limitation, which induced a significant increase in neutral lipid content, both metabolic and transcriptomic data suggest that AcCoA was preferably shunted into the endogenous pathway for lipid biosynthesis over the transgenic PHB pathway. In contrast, supply of organic carbon in the form of glycerol supported both fatty acid and PHB biosynthesis, suggesting cross-talk between cytosolic and plastidial AcCoA precursors. This is the first study to investigate the transcriptomic and metabolomic response of diatom cell lines expressing a heterologous multi-gene pathway under different environmental conditions, providing useful insights for future engineering attempts for pathways based on the precursor AcCoA. KEY POINTS: • PHB expression had minimal effects on transcription of adjacent pathways. • N limitation favoured native lipid rather than transgenic PHB synthesis. • Glycerol addition allowed simultaneous lipid and PHB accumulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8342,"journal":{"name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology","volume":"108 1","pages":"104"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139429093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new peucemycin derivative and impacts of peuR and bldA on peucemycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces peucetius.","authors":"Rubin Thapa Magar, Van Thuy Thi Pham, Purna Bahadur Poudel, Adzemye Fovennso Bridget, Jae Kyung Sohng","doi":"10.1007/s00253-023-12923-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00253-023-12923-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Streptomyces peucetius ATCC 27952 is known to produce a variety of secondary metabolites, including two important antitumor anthracyclines: daunorubicin and doxorubicin. Identification of peucemycin and 25-hydroxy peucemycin (peucemycin A), as well as their biosynthetic pathway, has expanded its biosynthetic potential. In this study, we isolated a new peucemycin derivative and identified it as 19-hydroxy peucemycin (peucemycin B). Its antibacterial activity was lower than those of peucemycin and peucemycin A. On the other hand, this newly identified peucemycin derivative had higher anticancer activity than the other two compounds for MKN45, NCI-H1650, and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 76.97 µM, 99.68 µM, and 135.2 µM, respectively. Peucemycin biosynthetic gene cluster revealed the presence of a SARP regulator named PeuR whose role was unknown. The presence of the TTA codon in the peuR and the absence of global regulator BldA in S. peucetius reduced its ability to regulate the peucemycin biosynthetic gene cluster. Hence, different mutants harboring these genes were prepared. S. peucetius bldA25 harboring bldA produced 1.75 times and 1.77 times more peucemycin A (11.8 mg/L) and peucemycin B (21.2 mg/L), respectively, than the wild type. On the other hand, S. peucetius R25 harboring peuR produced 1.86 and 1.79 times more peucemycin A (12.5 mg/L) and peucemycin B (21.5 mg/L), respectively, than the wild type. Finally, strain S. peucetius bldAR25 carrying bldA and peuR produced roughly 3.52 and 2.63 times more peucemycin A (23.8 mg/L) and peucemycin B (31.5 mg/L), respectively, than the wild type. KEY POINTS: • This study identifies a new peucemycin derivative, 19-hydroxy peucemycin (peucemycin B). • The SARP regulator (PeuR) acts as a positive regulator of the peucemycin biosynthetic gene cluster. • The overexpression of peuR and heterologous expression of bldA increase the production of peucemycin derivatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":8342,"journal":{"name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology","volume":"108 1","pages":"107"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10786969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139466109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testacosides A-D, glycoglycerolipids produced by Microbacterium testaceum isolated from Tedania brasiliensis.","authors":"Jairo I Quintana-Bulla, Luciane A C Tonon, Lamonielli F Michaliski, Eduardo Hajdu, Antonio G Ferreira, Roberto G S Berlinck","doi":"10.1007/s00253-023-12870-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00253-023-12870-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Marine bacteria living in association with marine sponges have proven to be a reliable source of biologically active secondary metabolites. However, no studies have yet reported natural products from Microbacterium testaceum spp. We herein report the isolation of a M. testaceum strain from the sponge Tedania brasiliensis. Molecular networking analysis of bioactive pre-fractionated extracts from culture media of M. testaceum enabled the discovery of testacosides A-D. Analysis of spectroscopic data and chemical derivatizations allowed the identification of testacosides A-D as glycoglycerolipids bearing a 1-[α-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-(α-mannopyranosyl)]-glycerol moiety connected to 12-methyltetradecanoic acid for testacoside A (1), 14-methylpentadecanoic acid for testacoside B (2), and 14-methylhexadecanoic acid for testacosides C (3) and D (4). The absolute configuration of the monosaccharide residues was determined by ¹H-NMR analysis of the respective diastereomeric thiazolidine derivatives. This is the first report of natural products isolated from cultures of M. testaceum. KEY POINTS: • The first report of metabolites produced by Microbacterium testaceum. • 1-[α-Glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-(α-mannopyranosyl)]-glycerol lipids isolated and identified. • Microbacterium testaceum strain isolated from the sponge Tedania brasiliensis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8342,"journal":{"name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology","volume":"108 1","pages":"112"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10786734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139466113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of a novel aspartic protease from Trichoderma asperellum for the preparation of duck blood peptides.","authors":"Yibin Xue, Qiaojuan Yan, Xue Li, Zhengqiang Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s00253-023-12848-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00253-023-12848-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A novel aspartic protease gene (TaproA1) from Trichoderma asperellum was successfully expressed in Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris). TaproA1 showed 52.8% amino acid sequence identity with the aspartic protease PEP3 from Coccidioides posadasii C735. TaproA1 was efficiently produced in a 5 L fermenter with a protease activity of 4092 U/mL. It exhibited optimal reaction conditions at pH 3.0 and 50 °C and was stable within pH 3.0-6.0 and at temperatures up to 45 °C. The protease exhibited broad substrate specificity with high hydrolysis activity towards myoglobin and hemoglobin. Furthermore, duck blood proteins (hemoglobin and plasma protein) were hydrolyzed by TaproA1 to prepare bioactive peptides with high ACE inhibitory activity. The IC₅₀ values of hemoglobin and plasma protein hydrolysates from duck blood proteins were 0.105 mg/mL and 0.091 mg/mL, respectively. Thus, the high yield and excellent biochemical characterization of TaproA1 presented here make it a potential candidate for the preparation of duck blood peptides. KEY POINTS: • An aspartic protease (TaproA1) from Trichoderma asperellum was expressed in Komagataella phaffii. • TaproA1 exhibited broad substrate specificity and the highest activity towards myoglobin and hemoglobin. • TaproA1 has great potential for the preparation of bioactive peptides from duck blood proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":8342,"journal":{"name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology","volume":"108 1","pages":"131"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10787677/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139477460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Bacillus licheniformis from yaks following antibiotic therapy in mouse model.","authors":"Zhibo Zeng, Saisai Gong, Chuxian Quan, Shimeng Zhou, Muhammad Fakhar-E-Alam Kulyar, Mudassar Iqbal, Yan Li, Xiang Li, Jiakui Li","doi":"10.1007/s00253-023-12866-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00253-023-12866-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gut microorganism (GM) is an integral component of the host microbiome and health system. Abuse of antibiotics disrupts the equilibrium of the microbiome, affecting environmental pathogens and host-associated bacteria alike. However, relatively little research on Bacillus licheniformis alleviates the adverse effects of antibiotics. To test the effect of B. licheniformis as a probiotic supplement against the effects of antibiotics, cefalexin was applied, and the recovery from cefalexin-induced jejunal community disorder and intestinal barrier damage was investigated by pathology, real-time PCR (RT-PCR), and high-throughput sequencing (HTS). The result showed that A group (antibiotic treatment) significantly reduced body weight and decreased the length of jejunal intestinal villi and the villi to crypt (V/C) value, which also caused structural damage to the jejunal mucosa. Meanwhile, antibiotic treatment suppressed the mRNA expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1, claudin, occludin, and Ki67 and elevated MUC2 expression more than the other Groups (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). However, T group (B. licheniformis supplements after antibiotic treatment) restored the expression of the above genes, and there was no statistically significant difference compared to the control group (P > 0.05). Moreover, the antibiotic treatment increased the relative abundance of 4 bacterial phyla affiliated with 16 bacterial genera in the jejunum community, including the dominant Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Cyanobacteria in the jejunum. B. licheniformis supplements after antibiotic treatment reduced the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria and increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Epsilonbacteraeota, Lactobacillus, and Candidatus Stoquefichus. This study uses mimic real-world exposure scenarios by considering the concentration and duration of exposure relevant to environmental antibiotic contamination levels. We described the post-antibiotic treatment with B. licheniformis could restore intestinal microbiome disorders and repair the intestinal barrier. KEY POINTS: • B. licheniformis post-antibiotics restore gut balance, repair barrier, and aid health • Antibiotics harm the gut barrier, alter structure, and raise disease risk • Long-term antibiotics affect the gut and increase disease susceptibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":8342,"journal":{"name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology","volume":"108 1","pages":"139"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139477467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potency of mitochondria enlargement for mitochondria-mediated terpenoid production in yeast.","authors":"So Yanagibashi, Takahiro Bamba, Takayoshi Kirisako, Akihiko Kondo, Tomohisa Hasunuma","doi":"10.1007/s00253-023-12922-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00253-023-12922-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Terpenoids are widely used in the food, beverage, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Microorganisms have been extensively studied for terpenoid production. In yeast, the introduction of the mevalonate (MVA) pathway in organelles in addition to the augmentation of its own MVA pathway have been challenging. Introduction of the MVA pathway into mitochondria is considered a promising approach for terpenoid production because acetyl-CoA, the starting molecule of the MVA pathway, is abundant in mitochondria. However, mitochondria comprise only a small percentage of the entire cell. Therefore, we hypothesized that increasing the total mitochondrial volume per cell would increase terpenoid production. First, we ascertained that the amounts of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), the final molecules of the MVA pathway, were 15-fold higher of the strain expressing the MVA pathway in mitochondria than in the wild-type yeast strain. Second, we found that different deletion mutants induced different mitochondrial volumes by measuring the mitochondrial volume in various deletion mutants affecting mitochondrial morphology; for example,Δmdm32 increased mitochondrial volume, and Δfzo1 decreased it. Finally, the effects of mitochondrial volume on amounts of IPP/DMAPP and terpenoids (squalene or β-carotene) were investigated using mutants harboring large or small mitochondria expressing the MVA pathway in mitochondria. Amounts of IPP/DMAPP and terpenoids (squalene or β-carotene) increased when the mitochondrial volume expanded. Introducing the MVA pathway into mitochondria for terpenoid production in yeast may become more attractive by enlarging the mitochondrial volume. KEY POINTS: • IPP/DMAPP content increased in the strain expressing the MVA pathway in mitochondria • IPP/DMAPP and terpenoid contents are positively correlated with mitochondrial volume • Enlarging the mitochondria may improve mitochondria-mediated terpenoid production.</p>","PeriodicalId":8342,"journal":{"name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology","volume":"108 1","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10787878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139477629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}