Composite Structures最新文献

{"title":"Configurational stability analysis of multilayered plates under residual stress","authors":"Zaoxu Zhang,&nbsp;Bohan Li,&nbsp;Jiaming Guo,&nbsp;Changguo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a higher-order nonlinear computational framework, implemented as a user element (UEL) subroutine in ABAQUS, for analyzing residual stress-induced configurational instability in multilayered plates. By integrating three-dimensional displacement field, higher-order plate theories, and process-induced eigenstrain model within the Carrera Unified Formulation, this framework eliminates the ad hoc approximations of a linear through-thickness displacement distribution inherent to classical approaches. Comparison with experimental results and solid element solutions for the stable configurations of cross-ply laminates validates the predictive accuracy of different plate theories, while their computational costs are also discussed. We thoroughly investigate the equilibrium paths of cross-ply laminates and film/substrate systems to compare classical plate theory with the proposed framework. Numerical results demonstrate that higher-order theories outperform linear theories in predicting bifurcation thresholds and post-bifurcation configurations. By enriching the degrees of freedom through the thickness direction, higher-order Equivalent Single Layer and Layer-Wise theories provide a more accurate characterization of through-thickness displacement distributions—particularly for thin film/substrate systems. Besides, higher-order plate theories reveal that in-plane geometric asymmetry leads to unequal strain energy in post-bifurcation configurations, a phenomenon that linear theory fails to capture. The transverse residual stress predicted by higher-order theories also aligns more closely with the <span><math><msubsup><mi>C</mi><mrow><mi>z</mi></mrow><mn>0</mn></msubsup></math></span> requirement. This work delivers a robust computational framework that significantly enhances the analysis capability for residual stress-driven instabilities, offering valuable insights for the design and analysis of multi-stable plates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"399 ","pages":"Article 120969"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149202974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro-meso stress shielding mechanism in thermal-compensated polymer-bonded explosives","authors":"Chao Li,&nbsp;Weidong Wu,&nbsp;Jian-Li Shao,&nbsp;Ye Yuan,&nbsp;Pengwan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>TATB-based polymer-bonded explosives (PBXs) suffer from macroscopic dimensional instability and interfacial damage under extreme cooling, primarily driven by severe thermo-mechanical mismatch among constituents. Negative thermal expansion fillers can mitigate thermal deformation, but concurrent matrix stiffening alters the internal thermal stress state. To elucidate the underlying cross-scale micromechanical mechanisms, this study establishes a micro-meso hierarchical computational framework. A microscopic representative volume element model first screens the ZrW₂O₈-modified binder formulation using a Hasselman-based qualitative thermal-stress indicator. The homogenized parameters are then mapped onto a mesoscopic Voronoi-PBX model with 95.5 vol% solid loading to investigate thermo-mechanical response under extreme cooling. Results show that increasing ZrW₂O₈ content reduces the relative thermal-stress tendency via volumetric compensation. The 20 vol% modification achieves a CTE reduction of up to ∼ 50% with a ∼ 40% increase in modulus. More importantly, <em>contrary to the common belief that stiffening inevitably increases thermal stress</em>, mesoscale simulations reveal that the stiffened low-CTE binder forms a reinforced stress-transfer network, producing a stress-shielding mechanism that attenuates crystal stress concentrations. This mechanism may provide useful insight for designing thermally adaptive energetic composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"398 ","pages":"Article 120936"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149161928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of continuous 3D fiber paths for variable stiffness composite laminated shells with local geometric constraints","authors":"Wenjie Ding,&nbsp;Weiduan Li,&nbsp;Haitao Liao,&nbsp;Ran Tao,&nbsp;Yingtao Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Variable stiffness composite laminated shells with continuous 3D fiber paths offer greater design freedom than laminates with straight fibers. However, their practical application in automated fiber placement requires reliable control of path geometry on curved surfaces. This study develops an optimization method in which each fiber path is idealized as a centerline with zero-width. A smooth scalar field is constructed in a planar parametric domain using an Expansion Optimal Linear Estimation (EOLE) basis derived from a Gaussian covariance model. Its contours are extracted at fixed intervals and mapped onto the shell surface. The EOLE coefficients form the deterministic design variables. Fiber orientation, normalized centerline density deviation, and spatial curvature are evaluated directly on the surface. Independent scalar fields are assigned to different plies in multilayer laminates. For a circular cylinder, a periodic chord distance improves contour correspondence and fiber direction consistency across the developed seam. Three examples, including a roof shell, a doubly curved shell, and a perforated cylinder, demonstrate improved stiffness and linear buckling load factors under the prescribed local geometric constraints. The proposed framework provides an effective approach to optimizing continuous fiber paths on complex curved shells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"398 ","pages":"Article 120908"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149161966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of ply-angle-induced coupling stiffness on the aeroelastic response of 15MW floating wind turbine","authors":"Xiaohang Qian,&nbsp;Yunpeng Xu,&nbsp;Jiawei Tan,&nbsp;Baoxuan Wang,&nbsp;Xun Wei,&nbsp;Ye Li","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As floating wind turbines exceed 15 MW, the link between composite laminate decisions and system-level dynamics remains poorly understood. This study integrates 2D cross-sectional analysis with full aero-hydro-servo-elastic simulation to quantify how blade ply-angle variations alter the 6<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span> 6 sectional stiffness matrix and subsequently affect rotor and platform responses of a 15 MW semi-submersible floating wind turbine. Results show that ply angle has limited influence on principal diagonal stiffness but significantly modifies all ply-angle-induced coupling components. Increasing the ply angle from 0° to 45° redistributes loads from flapwise bending to torsion—reducing flapwise displacement by 11% while increasing twist by 42%—which passively alleviates aerodynamic loads and reduces platform yaw by 56%, at the cost of a 5%–6% power loss. Multiple coupling mechanisms jointly govern these responses rather than bend–twist coupling alone, with bending–torsional coupling dominating under steady wind. Under turbulent inflow, stochastic excitation partially masks these effects, indicating that steady-state analysis alone would overestimate achievable load reduction. The present study establishes a quantitative relationship between laminate parameters, sectional coupling stiffness evolution, and integrated floating wind turbine dynamics, providing preliminary mechanism study foundation for the aeroelastic tailoring and multiscale structural design of large-scale composite wind turbine blades.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"398 ","pages":"Article 120899"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149161969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariate assessment of freeze–thaw cycling on low-velocity impact response of CFRP composites","authors":"Mingze Gao,&nbsp;Xiaoping Gao,&nbsp;Xiaori Yang,&nbsp;Xin Jiang,&nbsp;Wei Wu,&nbsp;Lianhe Li","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Freeze-thaw exposure and moisture ingress in cold environments can substantially affect the low-velocity impact performance of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites used in load-bearing structures. This study investigated the impact response of CFRP composites under four conditioning states, control (Con), saturated-only condition (SW), dry freeze–thaw cycling (DC), and water-saturated freeze–thaw cycling (WC), with 50, 100, and 200 cycles applied under a fixed thermal profile from −20 °C to 20 °C. Low-velocity impact tests were conducted, and the response was characterized by force–displacement response, energy dissipation, and impact damage metrics. The results showed that pre-saturation alone reduced impact stiffness and load-bearing capacity, while increasing FT exposure was accompanied by progressive degradation, with WC exhibiting the most severe deterioration. At 200 cycles, the peak force of WC decreased to 3.95 kN, while the absorbed-energy fraction increased to 89.84 %, accompanied by markedly larger residual dent depth and impacted-side damage area. Additionally, correlation, contribution, and response-surface analyses based on damage metrics further quantified the effects of moisture state and cycle count on the composites. These findings provide a quantitative basis for durability-informed assessment of CFRP composites subjected to impact loading in cold-service environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"398 ","pages":"Article 120950"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149162019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical and mass-transport design of hybrid TPMS-based metamaterial scaffold for orthopedic implants","authors":"Heran Jia,&nbsp;Shengyu Duan,&nbsp;Yilin Guo,&nbsp;Mingcan Liu,&nbsp;Yunbo Bi,&nbsp;Jun Zheng,&nbsp;Ching-Chiuan Yen,&nbsp;Wen Feng Lu,&nbsp;Hongshuai Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Orthopedic implants have been widely used to treat massive bone defects in clinical applications. To realize physiological functions after implanting, the mechanical and mass-transport properties of the designed implants should match the properties of the human skeleton. Additive-manufactured titanium lattice scaffolds have aroused great attention due to their superior performances, which can be precisely tuned via cellular structure design. Titanium alloys also show good biocompatibility, which is essential for implants. However, it is still challenging to concurrently design the mechanical and mass-transport properties of metamaterial-infilled implants, which are both of great importance in clinical usage. In this work, a novel series of hybrid triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS)-based lattice unit cells were proposed based on Boolean operations, in which the modulus and permeability can be precisely tuned by adjusting the cellular geometric parameters. The mechanical and mass-transport properties were evaluated numerically, and mechanical experiments were conducted to verify the finite element results. Response surface models of the cellular properties were established based on finite element analysis results to describe influence of geometric parameters, and feasible domains of the geometric parameters for implant design were also calculated. Cell culturing tests were also performed to validate the biocompatibility of the additive-manufactured lattice scaffolds. The proposed hybrid TPMS structure decoupled cellular stiffness from permeability and broadened the accessible design space of TPMS-based microstructure. This work paves the way for the design and clinical application of additive-manufactured metamaterial-infilled orthopedic implants. The results indicated that the proposed hybrid TPMS cells possess great potential for the design of orthopedic implants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"398 ","pages":"Article 120937"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149161964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing explicit design equations for hygrothermal durability of pultruded FRP composites using physics-guided symbolic regression","authors":"TianQiao Liu,&nbsp;Xinmiao Guo,&nbsp;Kent A. Harries,&nbsp;Chao Wu,&nbsp;Su Chen,&nbsp;Weichen Xue,&nbsp;Xiuli Du","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pultruded fiber reinforced polymer (PFRP) composites are increasingly used in civil engineering. However, their long-term performance under hygrothermal aging remains challenging to predict quantitatively. Existing empirical methods lack physical interpretability, while physics-based models are often too complex for practical design. Although machine learning offers high accuracy, its “black-box” nature limits adoption in codified standards. To bridge this gap, this work employs physics-guided symbolic regression (SR) to develop explicit, interpretable design equations for predicting the hygrothermal durability of PFRP composites. Using a comprehensive database and embedding physical constraints, SR derives closed-form formulas for residual mechanical properties as functions of initial properties, aging duration, aging temperature, and material thickness. A unified mathematical framework is established, where the property-specific exponent <em>α</em> quantifies degradation sensitivity. Two model forms are derived: a best-fit model for accuracy (<em>α₁</em>) and a unified design model (<em>α₂</em> = 1.33 for strengths and 1.22 for moduli) that simplifies practical application. Validation against natural weathering data confirms the reliability of the proposed equations, providing readily codifiable design tools for durable PFRP structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"398 ","pages":"Article 120931"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149161970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine intelligence-driven anti-curvature metamaterials for optimally enhanced specific strength, stiffness and energy absorption","authors":"B.R. Isanaka,&nbsp;R.K. Varma,&nbsp;V. Kushvaha,&nbsp;T. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120875","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120875","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Innovation in the coupled design of unit-cell geometry and cell wall-level architecture can be crucial for multifunctional metamaterials, enabling simultaneous programming of stiffness, strength, and energy absorption beyond conventional straight-beam lattices. Here, we propose an anti-curvature strategy that retains the typical advantages of bending-dominated architectures, such as high energy absorption, while also improving effective stiffness and strength that are normally associated with stretching-dominated lattices. Building on this premise, we integrate physics-informed curvature-guided geometric design of ligament profiles with machine-intelligence for efficient predictive modelling. Nonlinear finite element simulations are performed to quantify the influence of curvature direction under different modes of loading, including compression, tension, and shear. The numerical results reveal significant curvature-dependent enhancements without any notable increase in weight: up to 51.56% in stiffness, 60.42% in onset-of-failure stress, and 57.80% in energy absorption under mode-dependent normal loading. Additionally, anti-curvature designs under shear can improve effective stiffness, onset-of-failure stress and energy absorption by up to 66.72%, 81.26% and 91.67%, respectively. The coupled design space of physics-informed cell-wall curvature and unit cell geometry, augmented by a machine learning-assisted efficient predictive modelling, provides a scalable route to engineer lightweight lattices with superior specific strength, tunable stiffness, and enhanced energy absorption for multifunctional applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"398 ","pages":"Article 120875"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149162020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strong hydrogen-bonding network-induced crystal growth and microstructural consolidation of bamboo fiber/MOC thermal insulation composites","authors":"Nairong Chen,&nbsp;Yuhui Huang,&nbsp;Yanxiang Xiao,&nbsp;Haiyan Yao,&nbsp;Fan Yang,&nbsp;Yingfeng Zuo,&nbsp;Feng Li,&nbsp;Yiqiang Wu,&nbsp;Long Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Driven by the low-carbon economy, the development of high-performance bamboo fiber-based magnesium oxychloride (MOC) composites offers significant potential for reducing energy consumption in modern manufacturing, yet the effective regulation of crystal structure of strengthening phase within the composites system remains challenge. Here, we developed high-performance bamboo fiber/MOC lightweight composites using a polyhydroxy-compound-induced crystallization strategy. Beyond improving the macroscopic properties of the composites, this study provided molecular-level insight into a possible mechanism underlying the induced crystallization of MOC hydrates. The combined experimental and simulation results suggest that hydrogen bonding and Mg²⁺ coordination between the polyhydroxy modifier and hydration species create a favorable local environment for hydrate association and 5-Phase crystallization. On this basis, we propose that the modifier acts as a molecular template that organizes hydration species in the vicinity of growing 5-Phase (5 Mg(OH)₂·MgCl₂·8H₂O) crystals. The resulting hydrogen-bonding interactions may stabilize local crystal assembly and suppress defect formation, thereby favoring the development of a denser and more stable crystalline architecture. Compared with conventional bamboo-fiber/MOC composites, our composites contained substantially fewer loose and defective crystal structures, leading to a 62% increase in compressive strength, a 35% increase in specific strength and an approximately 50% decrease in water absorption. They nevertheless remained ultralight inorganic foams, with a bulk density of 0.42 g cm⁻³, and maintained excellent thermal insulation, with a thermal conductivity of 0.079 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹. These findings offer a strategy for precise control over the crystal structure of composites and provide a foundation for the development of advanced functional biomass-based inorganic composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"398 ","pages":"Article 120942"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149161968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermo-mechanical performance mapping from parameters and multi-objective optimization of bioinspired irregular porous structures","authors":"Jiandong Yang,&nbsp;Xiaohong Ding,&nbsp;Min Xiong,&nbsp;Heng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrated thermal protection structures (ITPS) for hypersonic vehicles require porous core layers to simultaneously achieve lightweight, load-bearing, and thermal protection performance. Porous structures offer significant advantages in meeting such multifunctional requirements. This study constructs a parametric model incorporating boundary perturbations, with porosity, equivalent diameter, aspect ratio, and rotation angle as geometric configuration parameters, and utilizes the trained neural network surrogate model to establish the quantitative mapping between these parameters and thermo-mechanical performance, providing the basis for multi-objective optimization design. Results indicate that effective stiffness and thermal conductivity degrade with increasing porosity following power-law relations with exponents of 2.01 and 1.48, consistent with the Gibson-Ashby model and the Maxwell-Eucken theory, with the load-bearing penalty substantially exceeding the thermal protection benefit under lightweighting. Under the same porosity, equivalent diameter has a limited effect on stiffness, whereas a smaller pore size effectively improves thermal protection. Aspect ratio is the primary driver of performance anisotropy, and adjusting it together with rotation angle can maximize load-bearing in the principal loading direction without significantly sacrificing thermal protection. The overall performance of irregular structures is comparable to that of regular ones, yet irregular structures withstand loading direction variations more effectively. A multi-objective optimization was performed for the ITPS core layer, and the feasible design domain was delineated under a certain practical constraint of ITPS. Under this particular case, for circular pore configurations, the feasible porosity range is 0.31–0.40. By adjusting the aspect ratio, aligning the major axis of elliptical pores with the principal loading direction, the anisotropic strengthening effect extends the feasible porosity upper limit from 0.40 to 0.48, thereby broadening the lightweight design window. The proposed method provides a parametric design basis for the porous structures with comprehensive consideration of thermo-mechanical performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"398 ","pages":"Article 120951"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149161971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}