{"title":"Efficient RVE modeling for ellipsoidal particle- and short fiber-hybrid reinforced composites: Novel algorithms for overlap detection and geometric periodicity","authors":"Xingwei Yan , Yang Hu , Yong Xie , Qin-Zhi Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Particle- and fiber-reinforced composites are widely used in aerospace, automotive, and biomedical engineering. Finite element (FE) homogenization, based on the representative volume element (RVE), is an effective method for evaluating properties. This paper presents a novel method for constructing RVEs of the composites containing ellipsoidal particles and fibers (collectively referred to as fillers). A modified Random Sequential Absorption (RSA) algorithm is proposed, featuring a novel overlap detection algorithm for ellipsoid particles and fibers, a geometric periodicity algorithm, and several acceleration strategies (e.g., boundary sphere, envelope fiber, enhanced fiber overlap detection, and pre-overlap algorithms). These innovations significantly improve modeling efficiency and filler volume fraction while ensuring accuracy. The periodic boundary condition (PBC) and ABAQUS-integrated GUI plugin further enhance efficiency. PBC-based predictions validate the accuracy of the constructed RVEs for evaluating the mechanical properties of hybrid composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"370 ","pages":"Article 119422"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144513789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Pranno , Fabrizio Greco , Francesco Fabbrocino , Giovanni Zucco
{"title":"Optimising structural stability of bioinspired metamaterials: genetic algorithms and neural networks in glass sponge-inspired microstructures","authors":"Andrea Pranno , Fabrizio Greco , Francesco Fabbrocino , Giovanni Zucco","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel lattice microstructure inspired by the deep-sea glass sponge Euplectella aspergillum. A computational framework is developed to enable real-time interaction between finite element analysis and optimisation procedures based on a genetic algorithm and artificial neural networks. For the lattice microstructure under consideration, the optimisation process improves some key geometric parameters while keeping the volume fraction of its representative volume element constant to maximise the buckling load factor under uniaxial vertical compression. In particular, a wide range of geometry parameter combinations is explored through the genetic algorithm, whereas artificial neural networks are used to predict the type of instability (local, global, or combined) for each configuration. Solutions exhibiting global instability are penalised to ensure the onset of local instability in the optimised design. Finally, numerical results showed that the presented optimisation strategy improved load-bearing capacity by 34.6 % compared to previous lattice metamaterials in the literature, demonstrating its ability to strengthen the microstructure against buckling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"370 ","pages":"Article 119426"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chenzhou Liang , Shanyong Xuan , Hailong Yang , Yimeng Shan , Xuefeng Yao
{"title":"Numerical analysis of curing residual stresses in scarf-repaired laminates","authors":"Chenzhou Liang , Shanyong Xuan , Hailong Yang , Yimeng Shan , Xuefeng Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Among the current repair technologies for aircraft composite structures, scarfed repair with composite patches using vacuum bag curing technology is considered to be a repair method that takes both efficiency and reliability into account. During the molding process of composite material patches, process stresses arise in the patch. Determination of residual process stresses is a primary task for the modeling of the repair process. To achieve this objective, a numerical simulation framework is developed to model the curing deformation and residual stresses that arise in the scarf-repaired structure during the composite patch curing process. The framework incorporates the curing reaction, resin modulus variation, and volume changes during the repair process. Subsequently, the distribution of process-induced stress and deformation in repaired structures were analyzed. Finally, the effects of different heating rates and maximum curing temperatures on curing deformation and residual stresses were explored. The results showed that increasing the curing temperature and heating rate can shorten the repair time, but at the expense of increasing residual stresses in repaired structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"370 ","pages":"Article 119420"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucas L. Agne , José Humberto S. Almeida Jr , Martin H.M. Maruyama , Diego T. de Souza , Sandro C. Amico , Maikson L.P. Tonatto
{"title":"Progressive failure modelling of Type IV composite overwrapped pressure vessels for compressed natural gas (CNG) storage","authors":"Lucas L. Agne , José Humberto S. Almeida Jr , Martin H.M. Maruyama , Diego T. de Souza , Sandro C. Amico , Maikson L.P. Tonatto","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Type IV composite overwrapped pressure vessels (COPVs) are widely used for compressed natural gas (CNG) storage. This study improves burst pressure prediction using a progressive damage model that accounts for fibre angle and thickness variations in the dome, key effects from filament winding, often overlooked in conventional models. These variations significantly influence stress and failure behaviour. The proposed composite formulation was first validated against results from commercial software, showing strong agreement in stress, fibre orientation, and thickness predictions. Further verification was conducted by comparing with the GFRP and CFRP actual prototypes. The numerically predicted burst pressures were 29.4 MPa and 27.7 MPa, respectively, closely matching the experimental results (29.39 MPa and 27.04 MPa), with deviations under 2.4 %. These results demonstrate the high accuracy and robustness of the model, supporting its application in the design, optimisation, and safety assessment of high-performance composite pressure vessels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"370 ","pages":"Article 119424"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bo Zhang , Duoqi Shi , Changqi Liu , Qianni Wang , Yangyi Yu , Zhenyu Wang , Xiaoguang Yang
{"title":"Quantification evaluation of tensile damage in SiO2f/SiO2 ceramic matrix composites based on X-ray computed tomography and acoustic emission techniques","authors":"Bo Zhang , Duoqi Shi , Changqi Liu , Qianni Wang , Yangyi Yu , Zhenyu Wang , Xiaoguang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are highly known for their exceptional high-temperature resistance. However, the large-scale application has been limited by their inherent brittleness and variability, with these challenges being addressed through the application of damage monitoring methods. Current research primarily focuses on qualitative damage diagnosis, with a notable lack of quantitative assessments of damage evolution under high-temperature conditions. In this study, X-ray computed tomography (X-CT), digital image correlation, and acoustic emission (AE) technologies were employed to systematically analyze the tensile behavior of SiO<sub>2f</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub> composites across different temperatures. Initially, X-CT was utilized to identify and segment material defects, and an initial state assessment model was established to achieve accurate quantification of damage in the unloaded state, thereby identifying potential fracture risk areas. The tensile properties of the composites are minimally affected by high temperatures up to 800 °C, with brittle fracture characteristics observed at both room and elevated temperatures. An AE-based process damage assessment model was developed to monitor and quantify damage accumulation and evolution in real-time during the loading process. Ultimately, an integrated model combining X-CT, AE technology, and machine learning algorithms was developed to map the spatiotemporal characteristics of defects to damage degree, providing a novel approach for real-time damage evaluation and performance prediction. This work fills a critical gap in the quantitative damage assessment of CMCs and establishes a robust theoretical and technical foundation for real-time health monitoring and future applications of the materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"370 ","pages":"Article 119418"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chao Wang , Yun Chong , Lei Zeng , Liangliang Ma , Hongwen Mao , Wenfeng Hu
{"title":"Mixed-variable isogeometric integrated material optimization of bi-directional functionally graded porous plates","authors":"Chao Wang , Yun Chong , Lei Zeng , Liangliang Ma , Hongwen Mao , Wenfeng Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes an integrated optimization methodology for the material distribution of bi-directional functionally graded (2D-FG) porous plates by mixed-variables. The methodology combines isogeometric analysis with simple first-order shear deformation theory to analyze the mechanical behavior of the plates. In the optimization design problem, the first natural frequency is maximized as the objective. The design variables include the control points of 2D NURBS describing the ceramic volume fraction, the selection type of the porosity distribution pattern, and the porosity coefficient. The optimization is constrained by limited arbitrary deflection, and an improved PSO-GA with hybrid algorithm is employed as the solver. Several numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of this innovative combination. This methodology is the first to achieve integrated optimization of discrete porosity selection and continuous material parameter design for 2D-FG porous plates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"370 ","pages":"Article 119311"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analytical modelling of the load-transfer length and the crack width evolution of Textile-Reinforced cementitious (TRC) matrix composites","authors":"Mohamed SAIDI , Aron GABOR","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper delineates the development of two analytical models concerning two parameters of Textile-Reinforced Cementitious matrix composites (TRC): load-transfer length and crack width. Load-transfer length is defined as the segment where load shifts from the textile to the matrix, thereby influencing crack number, spacing, and width of TRC. The models consider the mechanical and geometrical properties of TRC, the interlayer thicknesses, the damage energy dissipation, and the shear at the textile-to-matrix interface.</div><div>The validation process entailed a comparison of the models with experimental data derived from nine TRC configurations, incorporating diverse matrices, textiles, and reinforcement ratios. Embedded distributed fibre optic sensors in TRC were utilised to monitor the textile and matrix strains, thereby facilitating the measurement of the load-transfer length. Digital Image Correlation was employed to assess crack widths. Subsequently, a parametric study was conducted to investigate the impact of TRC components on these parameters.</div><div>The findings of this study indicate that stronger textile-to-matrix bonds, higher textile and matrix stiffness, and increased reinforcement ratios reduce transfer length and crack widths. However, increasing matrix strength results in wider cracks. These insights will aid in optimising material choices and textile layouts for TRC, thus enhancing its use in strengthening civil engineering structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"370 ","pages":"Article 119405"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new integrated modeling method for investigating the impact of cure process on the compressive response of z-pinned CFRP laminates","authors":"Shengnan Zhang , Yutong Jia , Yingjie Xu , Weihong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of z-pinning significantly enhances the interlaminar performance of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. However, the insertion of z-pins can induce fiber distortion with the formation of resin-rich regions, which may compromise in-plane mechanical properties. This study considers the influence of the cure process on the in-plane compressive behavior of z-pinned laminates. A novel micromechanical model is proposed that incorporates temporal material curing properties. The model employs a cohesive element approach with a bilinear constitutive law to accurately simulate interactions within the z-pins and resin-rich regions. As a consequence of pronounced discrepancies in thermal expansion and chemical shrinkage, substantial residual stresses develop around the z-pins following curing. Under compressive loading, the interface with reduced mechanical integrity is prone to initial crack formation, with progressive damage that is propagated into adjacent resin-rich areas. In addition, a parametric analysis has been conducted to evaluate the effects of various z-pin diameters and z-pin densities on the in-plane compressive characteristics, offering valuable insights for optimizing high in-plane mechanical performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"370 ","pages":"Article 119415"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yun Gong , Jie Xu , Zhongmin Wang , Yaoqing Gong , Hani S. Mitrid
{"title":"Wide flange FGM box girders of variable thickness: Constrained torsional analyses","authors":"Yun Gong , Jie Xu , Zhongmin Wang , Yaoqing Gong , Hani S. Mitrid","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nowadays, the investigation of the mechanical characteristics due to constrained torsion and bending and shearing of wide flange <em>functionally graded material</em> (FGM) box girders of variable thickness has become a world abstruse problem of structural mechanics of FGM. To surmount this insoluble problem, established is an (<em>ordinary differential equations</em>) ODEs-based analysis methodology by adopting the semi-analytical method in computational mechanics. By using this methodology, the warping strains of all cross-sections of a wide flange FGM box girder of variable thickness after constrained torsion will be expressed into a set of functions, and one mechanical analysis problem such as the constrained torsion of FGM beams will be transformed into a boundary value problem of a group of ODEs. The rationality and effectiveness of the methodology established are evaluated by the computational results of numerical examples, which reveal that when a wide flange FGM box girder of variable thickness is subjected to constrained torsion, the maximum warping stress on its cross-section due to a torque is greater than the maximum normal stress caused by a bending moment possessing the same amount of the torque.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"370 ","pages":"Article 119417"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of thermo-kinetic behavior and thermoforming stresses of woven fabric/thermoplastic polyether-ether-ketone composites","authors":"Yutong Fu , Yifeng Dong , Lin-Hui Gong , Jin Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the development of fabric-reinforced thermoplastic composites for aerospace applications, their molding processes are receiving increasing attention. The viscoelastic thermo-kinetic behavior and thermoforming stresses of woven fabric-reinforced special engineering plastic polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) composites, which are two critical factors for developing high performance woven fabric-reinforced PEEK composites, are discussed in this work. Initially, Prony model and Williams-Landel-Ferry model are used to describe the thermoviscoelastic behavior and the temperature–time shift of PEEK during crystallization process, and crystallization deformation and heat release are considered in the theoretical model comprehensively. Subsequently, the numerical model is developed to describe the crystallization molding process of PEEK matrix 2D and 3D typical woven composite materials. Composites with the same processing parameters are fabricated to validate the accuracy of the theoretical model and numerical simulation results. The results show that the maximum residual stress appears on the interlock yarn in 3D woven structures. Besides, the thermoforming stresses increase when the angle between the weaving direction of interlock yarn and the horizontal direction increases. The comparison of the residual stresses in different structures reveals that the 3D through-the-thickness angle-interlock woven structure exhibits lower thermoforming stress and beneficial molding effects. This study is of great significance for the digital forming development of thermoplastic composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"370 ","pages":"Article 119416"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}