Jiawang Yong , Yiyao Dong , Wanting Li , Yanyan Chen , Zhiwen Ren , Zhishuai Wan , Daining Fang
{"title":"Co-enhancement of mechanical and vibrational isolation properties for composite meta-materials","authors":"Jiawang Yong , Yiyao Dong , Wanting Li , Yanyan Chen , Zhiwen Ren , Zhishuai Wan , Daining Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A design method to enhance both mechanical and vibrational isolation properties of honeycomb meta-material is proposed and verified by a proposed in-folded hexagonal honeycomb meta-material (I-HHM). Based on the traditional hexagonal honeycomb structure (T-HHM), the I-HHM is designed with in-folded bars instead of straight bars and rings at the joints, and metal pins are inserted into the rings. The mechanical and vibrational suppression performance of the I-HHM is analyzed by finite element method and experiment. The results show that compared with the T-HHM, the I-HHM has greater advantages in load-bearing capacity and stiffness, and has wider bandgaps. In addition, according to the concept of assembly, the combination of particle damping and rings can direct vibration energy to the local structure for consumption, which further enhances the vibration reduction and customization capabilities of the I-HHM. The proposed method provides a feasible way for the optimization of meta-materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 119136"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feng Jin , Zihao Zhao , Lulu Liu , Xinying Zhu , Wei Chen , Gang Luo
{"title":"Multi-scale prediction method for ice impact resistance of 3D braided composites based on surface-inner cell model","authors":"Feng Jin , Zihao Zhao , Lulu Liu , Xinying Zhu , Wei Chen , Gang Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a mesoscopic unit cell structure that accounts for the differing properties of surface and inner cells in 3D braided composite materials. The structure is used to predict the dynamic response of a macroscopic model under high-speed ice impact, validated through experimental tests. Ice impact resistance tests were conducted on composite plates of varying thicknesses, analyzing displacement response and damage morphology under different impact speeds. The internal damage modes of the specimens were observed through CT scanning, revealing the ice impact resistance of plates with different thicknesses. A mesoscopic model, incorporating a viscoelastic resin constitutive model, was developed to simulate strain rate-dependent mechanical properties and applied to the macroscopic model. This approach accurately predicts the ice impact resistance of 3D braided composites, offering valuable insights for safety analysis and structural design of 3D braided composite structures in aviation</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 119142"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel surrogate modeling strategy for the mechanical performance of CFRP/Al multi-riveted-bonded joints based on an innovative sampling scheme","authors":"Yacong Zhang , Hanyu Zhang , Zhao Liu , Ping Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The multi-riveted-bonded joint combines mechanical fastening and adhesive bonding to offer superior static and fatigue performance, and is widely used in industrial applications. However, its numerous design parameters and their strong interdependencies make it difficult to establish an accurate surrogate model for mechanical performance. This study focuses on carbon fiber reinforced polymer/aluminum alloy (CFRP/Al) multi-riveted-bonded joints and introduces an innovative sampling scheme, the chessboard combination sampling (CCS). This approach resolves the parameter coupling problem and unifies the dimensions of input variables for the surrogate model. An automated parametric modeling process was then used to obtain finite element analysis data and construct a database for training the Kriging model. The surrogate model’s input includes global geometric variables such as overlap area, rivet count, size, position, and material thickness, while the output predicts the joint’s stiffness and strength with over 93 % accuracy. Finally, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis is conducted using the established surrogate model and database to assess the impact of design parameters on the structure’s stiffness and strength. The surrogate model enhances the efficiency of predicting mechanical performance for multi-riveted-bonded joints and provides a robust methodology for the analysis and design of similar structures in engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 119140"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bowen Dong , Zhaorun Li , Zhenpeng Wu , Ziyue Zhou , Shichao Liu , Weilong Zhao , Chengrong Mao , Lingyu Li , Jiaming Liu , Jinchuan Jie
{"title":"Novel insight into relationship between microstructure and ablation behavior of Cu-W alloys prepared by melt infiltration: Experiments and molecular dynamics","authors":"Bowen Dong , Zhaorun Li , Zhenpeng Wu , Ziyue Zhou , Shichao Liu , Weilong Zhao , Chengrong Mao , Lingyu Li , Jiaming Liu , Jinchuan Jie","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a novel approach combining MD simulations and experimental methods to investigate the relationship between microstructure and ablation behavior of Cu-W alloys with varying W content, prepared by the melt infiltration method. Cu-W alloys have attracted significant interest due to their unique combination of high thermal and electrical conductivity from Cu and excellent thermal stability and ablation resistance from W, making them suitable for high-temperature applications. However, understanding the influence of microstructure, particularly W content, on their ablation resistance remains challenging, especially under extreme conditions like laser ablation. The experimental results show that increasing W content enhances the ablation resistance, as evidenced by the smallest ablation craters in W90. MD simulations further reveal how heat predominantly diffuses through Cu regions, while W serves as a thermal barrier, thereby enhancing stability during ablation. Additionally, mean squared displacement analysis indicates that atomic mobility decreases with higher W content, suggesting greater structural rigidity in W-rich alloys. This MD-based approach successfully captures the rapid phase transformations and kinetic mechanisms of Cu-W alloys under extreme conditions, providing insights that bridge the scale gap in experimental observations. The results contribute valuable theoretical support for optimizing the design and ablation resistance of Cu-W alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 119126"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lulu Liu , Xinying Zhu , Wenzhao Yi , Kailong Xu , Gang Luo , Zhenhua Zhao , Wei Chen
{"title":"Effects of hygrothermal aging and re-drying on the translaminar fracture toughness of CFRP","authors":"Lulu Liu , Xinying Zhu , Wenzhao Yi , Kailong Xu , Gang Luo , Zhenhua Zhao , Wei Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The translaminar fracture of fiber-reinforced composites is vital in many applications, and can be influenced by hygrothermal environments in service. These effects are however not sufficiently well understood in the literature, especially the translaminar fracture mechanism of hygrothermal effects and its reversibility still need to be revealed. Thus, a systematic study of the hygrothermal and re-drying effects on the translaminar fracture toughness was carried out through compact tension tests, with the corresponding damage mechanisms investigated by the scanning electron microscope. The experimental results indicated a significant decrease in apparent stiffness with a minimal crack propagation after hygrothermal aging, while dried and re-dried specimens maintained stiffness and facilitated multiple stable crack propagations. In addition, the R-curves showed greater stability in dried and re-dried conditions compared to hygrothermal conditions, with normalized stable translaminar fracture toughness of 1.0, 1.68, and 1.5, respectively. Finally, the fracture surface analysis revealed distinctive toughening mechanisms under different conditions, highlighting significant fiber bundle pull-out under hygrothermal aging. In addition, the quantitative study of translaminar fracture toughness can serve as a basis for fiber failure criterion and provide model input for the simulation and evaluation of the effects of hygrothermal aging on CFRP performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"364 ","pages":"Article 119137"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Flexural frequency analysis of damaged beams using mixture unified gradient elasticity theory","authors":"Hossein Darban , S. Ali Faghidian","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The flexural vibration of miniaturized homogeneous isotropic beams with multiple cracks is investigated using the mixture unified gradient elasticity theory. The model captures both possible stiffening and softening size-dependence at small scales. The problem is addressed using the Bernoulli-Euler beam theory, with the domain partitioned into distinct sections at cracked cross-sections. Cracks are assumed to be non-propagating, sufficiently spaced to avoid interaction, and open during vibration. The elastic spring model is employed to capture the effect of cracks on the dynamic characteristics. The time-dependent variational functional is rigorously established to derive variationally consistent and extra non-standard boundary and continuity conditions. Natural frequencies are obtained by solving the eigenvalue problem resulting from the imposition of boundary and continuity conditions. The predictions demonstrate excellent agreement with experimental, molecular dynamics, and analytical data from the literature for both large- and small-scale beams. The model is applied to examine the effects of gradient characteristic parameters, crack length and location, and boundary conditions on the frequencies. The practical application of the model to the inverse problem, where the location and length of a crack are unknown a priori, is numerically analyzed. The results indicate that the size effect significantly influences the inverse problem solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 119143"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chintan Jansari , Stéphane P.A. Bordas , Marco Montemurro , Elena Atroshchenko
{"title":"Design of thermal meta-structures made of functionally graded materials using isogeometric density-based topology optimization","authors":"Chintan Jansari , Stéphane P.A. Bordas , Marco Montemurro , Elena Atroshchenko","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The thermal conductivity of Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) can be efficiently designed through topology optimization to obtain thermal meta-structures that actively steer the heat flow. Compared to conventional analytical design methods, topology optimization allows handling arbitrary geometries, boundary conditions and design requirements; and producing alternate designs for non-unique problems. Additionally, as far as the design of meta-structures is concerned, topology optimization does not need intuition-based coordinate transformation or the form invariance of governing equations, as in the case of transformation thermotics. We explore isogeometric density-based topology optimization in the continuous setting, which perfectly aligns with FGMs. In this formulation, the density field, geometry and solution of the governing equations are parameterized using non-uniform rational basis spline entities. Accordingly, the heat conduction problem is solved using Isogeometric Analysis. We design various 2D & 3D thermal meta-structures under different design scenarios to showcase the effectiveness and versatility of our approach. We also design thermal meta-structures based on architected cellular materials, a special class of FGMs, using their empirical material laws calculated via numerical homogenization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"364 ","pages":"Article 119114"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A nonlinear thermo-mechanical coupling model for simulating functionally graded nose cones under aerodynamic environment","authors":"Zhihui Liu , Zhihui Li , Quanou Yang , Qiang Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A nonlinear thermo-mechanical coupling model (NTMCM) based on the finite element method (FEM) is presented to simulate the nonlinear thermo-mechanical coupling behavior of functionally graded nose cone structures under hypersonic flight conditions. The model accounts for the temperature dependence and spatial variation of material properties, with the effective properties of functionally graded materials (FGMs) determined using the rule of mixtures. The Newton–Raphson iterative technique is employed to solve the discretized nonlinear thermo-mechanical coupling equations. The accuracy of the proposed model is validated through comparison with numerical results reported in the literature. Combining CFD++, aerodynamic forces and heating from the external flow field are obtained as boundary conditions for the thermo-mechanical coupling analysis of the structure, and the nearest-neighbor interpolation method is employed to transfer the aerodynamic-structural interface information. Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the effects of flight speed and material gradient index on the nonlinear thermo-mechanical coupling responses of the nose cone structure. The results show that the temperature and stress are primarily concentrated in the windward head region of the structure, both of which increase with flight speed. Additionally, a higher material gradient index significantly reduces the internal temperature gradient of the nose cone, enhancing its thermal protection performance. This study provides a novel computational tool to guide the application of FGMs in thermal protection systems for hypersonic vehicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 119108"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guangwu Zhang , Yunjing Zhao , Chen Wang , Gang Li
{"title":"Repair mechanism and performance restoration of CFRTP/metal bolted joints via resin thermal reshaping","authors":"Guangwu Zhang , Yunjing Zhao , Chen Wang , Gang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a joint repair method by resin thermal reshaping is introduced to repair damaged carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) bolted joints. A metal insert at the resin melting temperature is inserted into the damaged CFRTP hole with interference fit during the repair process. The matrix resin melts and fills the gap caused by the damage under the action of temperature and pressure. This process results in a densified joint structure, significantly restoring the mechanical properties and overall structural integrity of the joint. Joints with varying degrees of damage are designed, and the proposed repair method is applied. Single shear joints are prepared and subjected to quasi-static tensile and cyclic loading tests, with the interface observed using optical microscopy. Experimental results show that resin thermal reshaping significantly enhances the repair performance of damaged joints, with a 15.20 % increase in tensile load and a 32.90 % reduction in hole elongation. Finite element simulations further confirm these results and successfully replicate key feature points in the load–displacement curve.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 119138"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiangyu Tian , Jitao Hu , Jinru Sun , Chao Yang , Yongqiang Guo , Yuanhang Zhou , Zhengdong Wang , Xueling Yao
{"title":"Effect of lightning arc on damage characteristics of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites with a fastener by an improved calculation method","authors":"Xiangyu Tian , Jitao Hu , Jinru Sun , Chao Yang , Yongqiang Guo , Yuanhang Zhou , Zhengdong Wang , Xueling Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the lightning damage characteristics to carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with a fastener under the long-term lightning components B + C, focusing on the damage mechanisms influenced by the lightning arc channel. The lightning arc simulation model of specimen is constructed, the current density and heat flux distributions of the specimen are obtained.Using the arc model,a thermal-electrical-structural coupling model is proposed, enabling an analysis of the interaction between the specimen and lightning channel. Results indicate that arc heat in the lightning channel is the primary cause of specimen damage. The damage decreases in the thickness direction, forming a ‘funnel-shaped’ damage pattern with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part. The simulation indicates that damage area under the arc heat effect is 24 % smaller than the experimentally observed damage area, while damage under Joule heat is 97 % smaller. Compared with the unprotected specimen, the damage area of the copper mesh-protected specimen is 54 % smaller; however, the damage area is more concentrated and intense. Therefore, relying on a single component current waveform to assess protective effectiveness is insufficient. This study provides a reliable basis for analysing the lightning protection designs for CFRP composites in lightning environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 119141"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}