Fuel Processing Technology最新文献

{"title":"Ecofriendly and cost-effective biodiesel production from water containing feedstocks through electrolysis- a review","authors":"Balaji Panchal,&nbsp;Chia-Hung Su,&nbsp;Chun-Chong Fu,&nbsp;Shao-Jung Wu,&nbsp;Horng-Yi Juan","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biodiesel has the potential to significantly contribute to the elimination of the current global energy and climate change challenges. However, its production and commercialization have been hindered by the diverse nature of feedstocks, and production techniques. This comparative review evaluates the production of biodiesel by electrolysis method with other methods such as (trans)esterification, supercritical transesterification, emulsion or micro-emulsion, and thermal cracking or pyrolysis, microwave-assited transesterification, and photocatalysis in terms of their environmental impact and commercial feasibility. Also, this study focuses on the availability of different biodiesel feedstocks and summarizes their characteristics affect biodiesel properties. It also outlines the criteria for selecting feedstocks for sustainable and low-cost biodiesel production. Waste cooking oil based third-generation feedstocks have been shown to be superior in comparison. Among all biodiesel production processes, electrolysis is the most suitable because it is an eco-friendly method with properties comparable to diesel. Recent research provides an update on the current challenges and opportunities for biodiesel commercialization, taking into account techno-economic and environmental considerations. The review concludes with future perspectives and suggestions regarding the selection criteria of feedstocks and production techniques to make biodiesel production cost-effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108277"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combustion characterization of benzene-doped, hydrogen-rich coke oven gas surrogate mixtures: H2/CH4/CO/N2/CO2","authors":"Marianna Cafiero ,&nbsp;M. Mustafa Kamal ,&nbsp;Saurabh Sharma ,&nbsp;Phuc Danh Nguyen ,&nbsp;Milena Nowakowska ,&nbsp;Axel Coussement ,&nbsp;Alessandro Parente","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This experimental study investigates the effects of benzene doping on the combustion and emission characteristics of hydrogen-rich, coke oven gas (COG) surrogate mixture, H₂/CH₄/CO/N₂/CO₂, to be called hereafter as COGb to distinguish it from and compare it with a different coke oven surrogate mixture, H₂/CH₄/CO, to be called hereafter as COGa. Unlike COGa mixture that includes only the major components of the industrial-grade coke oven gas composition, COGb also considers the minor components for the sake of a comprehensive understanding of the chemical and physical phenomena occurring at an industrial scale when burning coke oven gas mixtures. The purpose of benzene (C₆H₆) – as representative of benzol (BTX) – doping of the COG mixtures is to investigate the direct and indirect impact of aromatic compounds on NO_x formation during the hydrogen-rich combustion process. Different levels of benzene (C₆H₆) doping (up to 5 % v/v) of industrial-grade, H₂-rich COGb flames in a semi-industrial scale furnace under varying stoichiometric conditions allowed for collecting extensive data on temperature, exhaust emission, and chemiluminescence signature of important chemical radical species including OH^⁎ and CH^⁎. The results highlight a benzene-driven, three-way interaction between flame temperature, NO formation, and soot inception in the coke oven gas flames.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108241"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of gasification on in-situ thermal strength of tamping coke and top-charging coke: Pore structure, carbon structure, and fracture mechanisms","authors":"Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Bowen Chen ,&nbsp;Xuheng Chen ,&nbsp;Jie Wang ,&nbsp;Hui Tang ,&nbsp;Changyu Li ,&nbsp;Kui Zheng ,&nbsp;Runsheng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tamping coking technology has garnered attention in the ironmaking industry due to its resource efficiency and economic benefits. However, its adaptability under blast furnace conditions remains controversial, limiting its widespread application. Previous studies on tamping coke primarily focused on its cold mechanical strength, reactivity, and post-reaction strength, yet the degradation mechanisms of its in-situ thermal strength after gasification and its performance differences compared to top-charging coke under identical conditions remain underexplored. This study simulates blast furnace temperature and atmosphere to compare the thermal tensile strength of gasified tamping coke and top-charging coke via splitting tests. Results indicate that the strength of top-charging coke sharply declines at 1200 °C, while tamping coke retains 51.3 % higher strength. Gasification enhances coke anisotropy and disrupts pore structures, the latter being the primary factor for strength reduction. Fracture analysis reveals two failure modes: brittle overload fracture and defect-induced fracture, with the latter being more prevalent. Tamping coke exhibits fewer structural defects and milder gasification-induced damage, contributing to its superior thermal strength. This study provides new insights for evaluating coke performance under practical blast furnace conditions and supports the industrial adoption of tamping coke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108281"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144491543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solubility and combustion characterization of methanol/jet A-1 blends enhanced with n-octanol and diethyl ether in lean prevaporized premixed burner","authors":"Ahmed I. EL-Seesy ,&nbsp;Ahmed S. Attia ,&nbsp;Radwan M. EL-Zohairy ,&nbsp;Mohamed I. Hassan Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the stability of mixtures and combustion characteristics of methanol and hydrous methanol blended with Jet A-1 fuel, utilizing n-octanol and diethyl ether (DEE) as co-solvents and ignition boosters in a lean premixed prevaporized (LPP) combustion system. Phase stability studies were performed at ambient temperatures of 10, 20, and 30 °C, revealing that n-octanol efficiently stabilized methanol–Jet A-1 mixtures. The temperature of 30 °C achieved excellent miscibility. Two blends, namely JMOD1 (80 % Jet A-1 + 5 % Methanol+10 % octanol+5 % DEE volume fraction) and JMOD2 (75 % Jet A-1 + 10 % Methanol+10 % octanol+5 % DEE), were subsequently assessed in the LPP combustor alongside pure Jet A-1 (J100) as a reference fuel. The results indicated that JMOD mixes demonstrated more consistent flame patterns, lower peak temperatures, and diminished wall hot spots in comparison to J100. This enhancement is attributable to the elevated oxygen content in methanol, diethyl ether, and n-octanol, which exhibits flame-stabilizing properties. JMOD blends demonstrated a significant capacity to diminish flame peak temperatures and improve combustion uniformity. The results endorse the viability of methanol blends as an alternative fuel for gas turbine applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108278"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic optimization of the Ni-to-Mo ratio in bimetallic Ni–Mo₂C catalysts for efficient selective hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone","authors":"Ravichanon Sakdee ,&nbsp;Sakhon Ratchahat ,&nbsp;Chularat Sakdaronnarong ,&nbsp;Wanida Koo-amornpattana ,&nbsp;Wanwisa Limphirat ,&nbsp;Sompin Mahakot ,&nbsp;Suttichai Assabumrungrat ,&nbsp;Atthapon Srifa","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this investigation, the optimization of Ni-to-Mo ratios in synergistic bimetallic Ni–Mo₂C catalysts was systematically investigated through a co-impregnation method, followed by the transformation of the calcined precursors into carbide structures via a carbothermal reduction process. The catalytic performance was evaluated for the hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). Comprehensive physical and structural characterizations were carried out to elucidate the structure–activity relationships. In the designed Ni_<em>x</em>Mo_<em>y</em>C catalysts, a Ni to Mo ratio of 1.0: 1.0, corresponding to the Ni_1.0Mo_1.0C catalyst, exhibited the highest activity for hydrogenating LA into GVL. The superior performance of the Ni_1.0Mo_1.0C catalyst is attributed to the synergistic interfacial electronic interactions between the metallic Ni⁰ and Mo₂C species, along with the presence of well-ordered carbon layer structures. Under optimized reaction conditions (160 °C, 20 bar H₂ pressure, 8 h reaction time, and 20 wt% catalyst loading), the Ni_1.0Mo_1.0C catalyst achieved complete LA conversion and a GVL yield of 97.4 %. This high performance is attributed to its small particle size, improved H₂ adsorption–desorption capacity, and the presence of appropriately distributed acidic sites. These findings highlight the competitive performance of Ni–Mo₂C catalysts for the efficient production of GVL from LA, offering promising applications in sustainable biorefinery processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108276"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of hydrothermal treatment and activation atmosphere on the porosity development of activated carbon from date pits","authors":"Gema Gil-Muñoz,&nbsp;Sarra Benguella,&nbsp;Juan Alcañiz-Monge","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the production activated carbon from date pits without the use of chemical additives, employing steam and CO₂ as activating agents in accordance with green chemistry principles. A novel activation approach is introduced, integrating both agents to enhance porosity development. The study systematically examines the differences in microporosity formation between CO₂ and steam activation, as well as the influence of hydrothermal pretreatment on the final material properties. Activated carbons with high BET surface areas and distinct pore size distributions were synthesized, including predominantly microporous, materials with both micropores and substantial mesopores, and samples exhibiting a pore network comprising micro-, meso- and macropores. The results demonstrate that hydrothermal pretreatment enhances biochar yield increasing it by approximately 25 %. The evolution of the burn-off was found to be dependent on the pretreatment conditions, carbonization temperature, and the activating agent. Notably, the findings suggest that hydrothermal pretreatment influences biochar reactivity in different ways. Despite the similar surface functional group compositions observed in treated and untreated carbons, hydrothermally treated samples unexpectedly exhibited greater hydrophobicity. Additionally, the combined use of CO₂ and steam agents led to a higher burn-off compared to their individual, highlighting a synergistic effect in the activation process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108264"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the deposition mechanism burning Fe - rich Zhundong coal in a 0.4 MW pilot-scale facility","authors":"Yongqiang Tian ,&nbsp;Xiang He ,&nbsp;Weizhi Lv ,&nbsp;Dafu Ma ,&nbsp;Xu Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a comprehensive investigation of slagging characteristics associated with Fe-rich Zhundong coal (ZDC) combustion utilizing a 0.4 MWth pilot-scale facility. Slag specimens collected from three critical locations - bottom-of-furnace (BOF), superheater, and reheater zones - were systematically characterized through multi-analytical approaches including X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), complemented by molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate microscopic deposition mechanisms. Key findings reveal that: Distinct melting phenomena were observed across all sampling locations under flue gas temperatures (FGT) ranging from 1000 to 1350 °C, primarily attributed to both the formation of Si<img>Ca low-temperature eutectic phases and fluxing effects of Fe-bearing material. Comparative analysis identified sulfate-induced contamination in reheater deposits at moderate-to-low FGT regimes (1000–1200 °C), demonstrating deposition characteristics analogous to Ca-rich ZDC slag formations. The interaction mechanisms of sulfur in reheater zones promoted Fe<img>Na synergistic effects. The slag produced through low-temperature ashing exhibits lower fusion temperatures. Molecular dynamics simulations further confirmed that elevated combustion temperatures facilitate Si<img>Ca eutectic formation while promoting preferential deposition of Na₂SO₄/ CaSO₄ on low-temperature heat exchange surfaces. When using Fe-rich ZDC in the ∏-type boiler, the FGT at the furnace outlet needs to be reduced to at least 1000 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108273"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring technologies for CO₂ storage in coal seams and enhanced coalbed methane recovery: A review of field applications","authors":"Zhiming Fang ,&nbsp;Chenlong Yang ,&nbsp;Rundong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CO₂ storage in coal seams coupled with enhanced coalbed methane (CO₂-ECBM) recovery presents a synergistic solution that simultaneously mitigates atmospheric CO₂ emissions and enhances hydrocarbon production. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of monitoring technologies employed in global field applications of CO₂-ECBM projects, with particular focus on their deployment across 18 major initiatives in North American, Asian, and European coal basins. We systematically examine monitoring approaches across three critical domains: atmospheric, near-surface, and subsurface. Case studies reveal that while subsurface techniques form the cornerstone for operational monitoring, surface methods prove particularly effective in verifying CO₂ containment integrity. Despite significant technological progress, persistent challenges remain in cost-effective leak detection and long-term prediction of plume migration dynamics. A notable advancement comes from China's pioneering “space-air-ground-well” integrated remote sensing systems, which have substantially improved high-resolution CO₂ migration monitoring. This review emphasizes the necessity of site-specific monitoring protocols that address unique geological constraints-a crucial requirement for ensuring both operational safety and economic feasibility in commercial-scale CO₂-ECBM implementations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108274"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combustion characteristics of Al/B loaded Gel fuel droplets under high temperature and pressure","authors":"Mengxiong Li ,&nbsp;Chuxiang Sun ,&nbsp;Qingyu Li ,&nbsp;Qingchun Yang ,&nbsp;Hongxin Wang ,&nbsp;Xu Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates the combustion behavior of aluminum and boron loaded gel fuel droplets (10–20 wt%) under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. High-speed and color imaging captured the combustion process. The addition of gellant induces micro-explosions that enhance the burning rate; however, increasing particle concentration weakens this effect. At high concentrations, early particle shell formation hinders gel layer development, suppressing micro-explosions. Both micro-explosions and particle shells promote liquid-phase combustion. At low concentrations, micro-explosions dominate the enhancement, while at high concentrations, larger, early-formed particle shells are the primary contributor. Increasing ambient pressure reduces micro-explosion intensity but shortens ignition delay and raises the burning rate. Under high pressure, weak micro-explosions offer less enhancement and lead to larger particle agglomerates. Aluminum and boron gel droplets show similar liquid-phase behavior, but differ in particle combustion: aluminum ignites under all conditions, while boron requires higher pressures. The combustion process of high-concentration gel droplets under elevated conditions is divided into four stages: Stable Combustion, Particle Shell Formation, Particle Agglomerate Ignition, and Molten Particle Combustion. This staged model emphasizes the dominant role of particle shells, with minor contributions from micro-explosions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108272"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic investigation of NH3 decomposition over Ru-based catalysts: The limiting role of H* surface coverage and its impact on reactor engineering","authors":"Yi Qiu,&nbsp;Federico Sascha Franchi,&nbsp;Nicola Usberti,&nbsp;Alessandra Beretta","doi":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>H₂ production via green NH₃ decomposition is a key process in the value chain of renewable energy storage and distribution, but reactor engineering studies are at an early stage due to the still open research on catalyst formulation and reaction kinetics. In this work, the kinetics of NH₃ decomposition are studied over Ru/MgAl₂O₄, Ru/γ-Al₂O₃ and Ru/MgO catalysts, that combine the best-known active metal, Ru, and supports suitable for industrial applications. For all the formulations, NH₃ concentration and H₂-cofeed are found to negatively affect the conversion, in line with the literature; however, original experiments at varying NH₃ concentration with large H₂-cofeed unambiguously show that, in the presence of H₂-rich streams representative of the catalyst application, the intrinsic kinetics have a linear dependence on NH₃ partial pressure and a negative order (−1.5) with respect to H₂ partial pressure, consistent with the hypothesis that ammonia dehydrogenation is rate determining and H* is the most abundant surface intermediate. The same kinetic dependences were obtained over a commercial Ru-based catalyst. The kinetic relevance of hydrogen coverage and the intrinsic first order dependence on NH₃ have two important implications: on a methodological plane, the performance and kinetics of the catalyst under industrially relevant conditions (e.g. pure ammonia) can be captured even under highly diluted NH₃ feeds (which guarantee the rigorous isothermal conditions) provided that the large H₂ contents are experienced; on a more applicative plane, both kinetic and thermodynamic factors play negatively at increasing concentration and pressure, thus large sizing (with GHSV values as low as 2500 Nl/kg/h) is needed to obtain complete ammonia conversion below 500 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":326,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Processing Technology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 108270"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}