工程技术最新文献

{"title":"Ferrous iron-induced secondary mineral formation regulates organic carbon bioavailability and methane recovery from iron-enhanced primary sludge.","authors":"Feifei Chu, Fangmei Cheng, Xiaomeng Zhang, Liyan Wei, Xinhou Zhang, Yun Chen, Lei Zhao, Fei Yang, Nan Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2026.135638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biortech.2026.135638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Iron salt-based chemically enhanced primary treatment effectively captures organic carbon from municipal wastewater, providing a concentrated substrate for methane recovery through anaerobic digestion. However, methane production from iron salt-based chemically enhanced primary sedimentation (Fe-CEPS) sludge remains substantially lower than expected, and the mechanisms responsible for this reduction remain poorly understood. Here, the relationship between iron-bound organic carbon (Fe-OC) formation and methane production was investigated by combining anaerobic digestion experiments with iron mineral-glucose model systems. Increasing Fe dosage reduced methane yield from 221.1 to 74.7 mL CH₄ g^-1 VS while promoting Fe-OC accumulation. A strong negative correlation was observed between Fe-OC content and methane production. Fresh Fe-CEPS sludge contained only limited Fe-OC (<10% of total organic carbon), whereas Fe-OC accounted for approximately 26% of total organic carbon after anaerobic digestion, indicating that Fe-OC formed predominantly during digestion rather than during coagulation. Iron speciation analyses revealed extensive Fe(III) reduction accompanied by secondary iron mineral formation. Model experiments further demonstrated that Fe(II)-induced mineral transformation increased mineral crystallinity, enhanced organic carbon stabilization, reduced carbon bioavailability, and consequently suppressed methane production. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy further revealed progressively stronger spatial associations between organic carbon and iron minerals as mineral crystallinity increased. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism whereby Fe(II)-induced secondary iron mineral formation promotes Fe-OC accumulation and reduces organic carbon bioavailability during anaerobic digestion. Regulating iron mineral transformation may therefore represent an effective strategy for improving methane recovery from iron-enhanced primary sludge.</p>","PeriodicalId":258,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology","volume":" ","pages":"135638"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148757002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LexA deficiency confers enhanced thermotolerance and glycogen accumulation in Methylomicrobium buryatense.","authors":"Shuqi Guo, Yamin Jing, Xiaohan Huang, Binghui Liu, Maximilian Lackner, Qiang Fei","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2026.135635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biortech.2026.135635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systematic mining of heat stress factors is pivotal for constructing robust microbial cell factories. However, the genetic basis underlying thermotolerance remains poorly understood in C1 gas-utilizing chassis. Here, we identified LexA as a key regulator governing thermotolerance and glycogen accumulation in the methanotroph Methylotuvimicrobium buryatense 5GB1C. Through ultraviolet mutagenesis coupled with adaptive laboratory evolution, we developed a thermotolerant evolved strain 5C27. Whole-genome resequencing and transcriptomic analysis revealed global transcriptional reprogramming underlying the heat tolerance phenotype. Notably, LexA was sharply downregulated at 40 °C and identified as a core regulatory factor for thermoadaptation. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that the acquired thermotolerance arises from coordinated regulation of oxidative stress response, energy metabolism, and cellular homeostasis. Subsequent validation experiments demonstrated that lexA deficiency simultaneously conferred enhanced thermotolerance and redirected intracellular carbon flux, resulting in increased glycogen production that exceeded wild-type levels even at the optimal growth temperature of 30 °C. Collectively, our work demonstrated for the first time that LexA plays a critical regulatory role in thermotolerance of methanotrophs. This discovery also provides a foundation for advancing the development of thermotolerant cell factories and promotes the deployment of C1-gas industrial biomanufacturing.</p>","PeriodicalId":258,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology","volume":" ","pages":"135635"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148757702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synaptic summation shapes information transfer in GABA-glutamate co-transmission.","authors":"Belle Krubitski, Cesar Ceballos, Ty Roachford, Rodrigo F O Pena","doi":"10.1007/s11571-025-10383-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11571-025-10383-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Co-transmission, the release of multiple neurotransmitters from a single neuron, is an increasingly recognized phenomenon in the nervous system. A particularly interesting combination of neurotransmitters exhibiting co-transmission is glutamate and GABA, which, when co-released from neurons, demonstrate complex biphasic activity patterns that vary depending on the time or amplitude differences from the excitatory (AMPA) or inhibitory (GABA_A) signals. Naively, the outcome signal produced by these differences can be functionally interpreted as simple mechanisms that only add or remove spikes by excitation or inhibition. However, the complex interaction of multiple time-scales and amplitudes may deliver a more complex temporal coding, which is experimentally difficult to access and interpret. In this work, we employ an extensive computational approach to distinguish these postsynaptic co-transmission patterns and how they interact with dendritic filtering and ionic currents. We specifically focus on modeling the summation patterns and their flexible dynamics that arise from the many combinations of temporal and amplitude co-transmission differences. Our results indicate a number of summation patterns that excite, inhibit, and act transiently, which have been previously attributed to the interplay between the intrinsic active and passive electrical properties of the postsynaptic dendritic membrane. Our computational framework provides an insight into the complex interplay that arises between co-transmission and dendritic filtering, allowing for a mechanistic understanding underlying the integration and processing of co-transmitted signals in neural circuits.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11571-025-10383-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":10500,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neurodynamics","volume":"20 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12618799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145539075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging Swin Transformer for advanced sentiment analysis: a new paradigm.","authors":"Gaurav Kumar Rajput, Saurabh Kumar Srivastava, Namit Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s11571-025-10378-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11571-025-10378-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As healthcare text data becomes increasingly complex, it is vital for sentiment analysis to capture local patterns and global contextual dependencies. In this paper, we propose a hybrid Swin Transformer-BiLSTM-Spatial MLP (Swin-MLP) model that leverages hierarchical attention, shifted-window mechanisms, and spatial MLP layers to extract features from domain-specific healthcare text better. The framework is tested on domain-specific datasets for Drug Review and Medical Text, and performance is assessed against baseline models (BERT, LSTM, and GRU). Our findings show that the Swin-MLP model performs significantly better overall, achieving superior metrics (accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC) and improving mean accuracy by 1-2% over BERT. Statistical tests to assess significance (McNemar's test and paired t-test) indicate that improvements are statistically significant (p < 0.05), suggesting the efficacy of the architectural innovations. The results' implications indicate that the model is robust, efficiently converges to classification, and is potentially helpful for a wide range of domain-specific sentiment analyses in healthcare. We will examine future research directions into exploring lightweight attention mechanisms, cross-domain multimodal sentiment analysis, federated learning to protect privacy, and hardware implications for rapid training and inference.</p>","PeriodicalId":10500,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neurodynamics","volume":"20 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12660549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145647175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rosmarinic acid mitigates age-related loss of EEG complexity in temporal cortex: a recurrence quantification analysis.","authors":"Serkan Uslu, Deniz Kantar","doi":"10.1007/s11571-026-10457-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11571-026-10457-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Physiological aging is associated with progressive changes in brain function, including neural oscillations. Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA) may provide a nuanced perspective on neural dynamics in aging. Rosmarinic acid (RA) has shown promise in mitigating age-related neurodegeneration. Its effects on EEG complexity in aging models remain unexplored. This study aimed to investigate age-related changes in RQA metrics and to assess whether RA modulates these alterations in a rodent aging model. Aging was induced in female rats via D-galactose administration. RA was administered to aged model animals. Urethane-induced EEG were obtained and analyzed across delta and theta bands. RQA parameters-determinism (DET), entropy (ENTR), and laminarity (LAM)-were computed for frontal and temporal regions. Aging was associated with a significant increase in DET and LAM, particularly in the temporal cortex, indicating enhanced regularity and persistence of EEG patterns. Concurrently, ENTR values declined, suggesting reduced signal complexity. RA partially reversed these trends, notably decreasing DET and LAM while increasing ENTR values in the temporal cortex. No significant changes were observed in the frontal cortex. This study underscores the utility of RQA in capturing nonlinear EEG alterations associated with aging and highlights RA as a promising compound for preserving cortical dynamics in senescence.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11571-026-10457-9.</p>","PeriodicalId":10500,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neurodynamics","volume":"20 1","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13153318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147867221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of changes in the arm physical parameters on the minimum torque-change trajectories of human reaching movements.","authors":"Kotaro Muramatsu, Takahiro Kagawa, Naomichi Ogihara","doi":"10.1007/s11571-026-10428-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11571-026-10428-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The minimum torque-change model is a computational model describing the trajectory formation of the point-to-point reaching movement in humans. This model roughly predicts a straight hand trajectory with a bell-shaped velocity profile, as observed in human reaching movements. However, the minimum torque-change criterion is a dynamic quantity, and the calculated trajectories could be, at least to some extent, affected by changes in the arm's physical parameters such as mass, moment of inertia, and viscosity of each link. This study systematically investigates how changes in the arm's physical parameters affect the optimal arm trajectories calculated based on the minimum torque-change criterion. The calculated optimal trajectories were largely curved, particularly when the physical parameters of the forearm were doubled or halved from the original physical parameters. Furthermore, when the original parameters were modified to be biomechanically more appropriate, the trajectories were also largely curved, unlike those in actual human reaching movements. The results suggest that the hand trajectory in human reaching movements may be determined by a dynamic optimization criterion that is less sensitive to variations in the biomechanical properties.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11571-026-10428-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":10500,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neurodynamics","volume":"20 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12961019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147376227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of lump, breather, rogue, and various nonlinear waves in the modeling of blood vessels: analysis of the nonlinear Murray equation with heterogeneous wall properties.","authors":"Sajawal Abbas Baloch, Aysha Zafar","doi":"10.1007/s11571-026-10513-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11571-026-10513-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to gain a deeper understanding of nonlinear wave dynamics, soliton solutions play an important role. In this research, using suitable transformations, we rigorously examine a wide range of wave solutions for the nonlinear Murray equation, exhibiting new wave patterns, including lump, lump with one kink, lump with two kink, rogue waves, periodic, breathers and multi-waves solutions. In individuals with cardiovascular illness, these solutions can be utilized to increase blood flow since they reflect a consistent fluctuation in blood vessel shape and diameter. Under the pathological conditions, localized pressure pulse occur in arteries, for which lump type solutions can be used as mathematical analogues. Rogue waves can describe sudden extreme spikes in blood pressure. Moreover, multi-wave solutions play in important role in hemodynamics, particularly in modeling the nonlinear arterial systems. These solutions have recently emerged in the literature, providing researchers with a crucial tool for understanding intricate biological systems. To illustrate the characteristics and development of the solutions, comprehensive graphical representations are provided, including 3D surface plots, 2D profiles, and contour plots. By examining these plots, we analyze how parameters affect the amplitude and propagation behavior of nonlinear waves which are related to change in the geometry of blood vessels. The derived solutions can deepen our comprehension of complex biological systems and may help in the development of new medical models and treatments. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report such a diverse class of exact wave solutions for the nonlinear Murray equation with heterogeneous wall properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":10500,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neurodynamics","volume":"20 1","pages":"147"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13415428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Locally active memristor-based Chialvo neuron model: bifurcation, multistability, and noise effects.","authors":"Shivakumar Rajagopal, Fatemeh Parastesh, Viet-Thanh Pham, Karthikeyan Rajagopal, Sajad Jafari","doi":"10.1007/s11571-026-10469-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11571-026-10469-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, a new memristive Chialvo neuron map is proposed by incorporating a locally active discrete memristor into the original Chialvo neuron model. The introduced memristor exhibits local activity, nonvolatility, and bistability, which fundamentally enrich the neuron dynamics. Equilibrium points and their stability are analyzed as functions of the memristive coupling strength, revealing that the number of equilibrium points increases with increasing memristor strength, indicating enhanced multistability. Comprehensive dynamical analyses based on bifurcation diagrams and largest Lyapunov exponents demonstrate that the proposed model exhibits a wide range of firing behaviors, including periodic, quasiperiodic, and chaotic dynamics. It is shown that increasing the memristive coupling strength generally suppresses chaotic regions, a result further confirmed by spectral entropy analysis. Time-series and phase-space investigations reveal that the memristor can induce qualitative transitions between different firing patterns and modify oscillation periods. In contrast to the original Chialvo model, which mainly exhibits bistability between resting and oscillatory states, the proposed memristive model is capable of exhibiting bistability and multistability between distinct oscillatory attractors, strongly dependent on the initial state of the memristor. Furthermore, the effect of stochastic perturbations is examined, showing that additive noise can induce spiking and bursting dynamics in parameter regions where the noise-free system remains quiescent. As the memristive coupling strength increases, a lower noise intensity is required to induce oscillatory activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10500,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neurodynamics","volume":"20 1","pages":"99"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13212855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148053153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redefining spiking neural networks through the lens of dynamical superspace.","authors":"Guozhang Chen, Junrong Qi, Xingyu Liu, Qixuan Fan, Zhuoheng Gao, Songcheng Xu, Xuliang Wang, Yujie Wu, Dongping Yang, Douglas Zhou, Tiejun Huang","doi":"10.1007/s11571-026-10470-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11571-026-10470-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The convergence of neuroscience and artificial intelligence has positioned Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) as one of the pivotal paradigms for future computing. However, the field faces a theoretical challenge: reconciling the mathematical clarity of static deep learning with the rich, non-equilibrium dynamics of biological circuits. We introduce the dynamical superspace, a framework that reimagines neural computing as a continuous hierarchy defined by temporal density and state-space complexity. We suggest that while current synchronous SNNs successfully optimize rate-based equilibria, they often neglect the intrinsic power of biological time. The true neuromorphic advantage emerges by ascending to asynchronous timing, where information is decoupled from clock cycles, and to complex non-equilibrium dynamics, where heterogeneity and criticality drive computation through transient trajectories. We propose a roadmap to bridge global optimization with local execution, leveraging evolutionary priors to support innate learning. By identifying native applications, from ultra-low-latency event perception to infinite-context memory for AGI, this perspective invites the community to view SNNs not merely as efficient quantization, but as dynamical systems capable of stable transience, offering a physical bridge to the next generation of intelligence.</p>","PeriodicalId":10500,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neurodynamics","volume":"20 1","pages":"101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13212830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148053212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modular memristor circuits for Pavlov associative memory with scalability.","authors":"Xiaoyuan Wang, Zhenyu Ge, Mingyang Wu, Xinrui Zhang, Zhonghai Zhang, Xiaolu Lucia Li, Herbert Ho-Ching Iu, Sung-Mo Kang","doi":"10.1007/s11571-026-10431-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11571-026-10431-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper proposes a novel neuronal circuit and a Pavlov associative memory network based on memristors, which possesses various characteristics such as adjustable conductance and can effectively simulate the synaptic connection strength between neurons in a neural network. Furthermore, this paper designs a corresponding digital logic circuit for the Pavlovian associative memory task to reproduce the associative memory process observed in Pavlov's experiments. Experimental results show that the proposed circuit can accurately implement associative memory and weight modulation, and can simulate the Pavlovian associative memory process. Combining memristor-based synaptic circuits and memristor-Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor digital logic gates, an associative memory circuit with modularity and simple structure is realized and verified using LTSpice. The proposed circuit realizes the basic learning and forgetting functions of Pavlovian associative circuits, which provides a novel circuit implementation form for further research based on Pavlovian association.</p>","PeriodicalId":10500,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neurodynamics","volume":"20 1","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12988085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147466682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}