Desalination最新文献

{"title":"Amino acid functionalized carbon sheet network with confinement effect for capacitive desalination and supercapacitor","authors":"Chengyan Ge ,&nbsp;Jing Huang ,&nbsp;Jiani Wang ,&nbsp;Yini Song ,&nbsp;Jianping Zeng ,&nbsp;Dawei Wang ,&nbsp;Yujing Zheng ,&nbsp;Guiyun Yu ,&nbsp;Yong Dai ,&nbsp;Yue Lian","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pore structure and specific surface area are important performance parameters of carbon-based capacitive materials. However, the complexity of the pores and the infiltration rate of the electrolyte can suppress the actual utilization rate of the materials specific surface area, hindering the occurrence of double-layer capacitance behavior. This work uses traditional Chinese medicine waste as raw material to obtain porous carbon materials (NC) through immersion-crystallization of activator. This preparation strategy has high universality, transforming various traditional Chinese medicines with complex original structures into high specific surface area carbon materials with unified nano structures. The internally and externally synergistic activation method generates a large number of interconnected pore structures, enhancing the spatial complexity of the material across dimensions. In order to improve the actual surface utilization and ion accessibility, amino acid functional groups (arginine) are introduced into the material interface (Arg-NC). Meanwhile, the intervention of amino acid functional groups will also inhibit side reactions such as co-ion repulsion effect and oxidative corrosion. The amino acids functional groups enhance the wettability of the pore structure and increase the actual effective specific surface area, promoting the occurrence of double-layer capacitance behavior. The pore channel structure, in turn, provides a confinement protection effect for the amino acid functional groups, mitigating the issue of fracture and detachment. By combining structural design and interface control, Arg-NC exhibits excellent capacitance performance and shows promising application potential in supercapacitors and capacitive desalination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"615 ","pages":"Article 119251"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of two-dimensional zeolitic-imidazolate frameworks for enhanced Pb(II) and Cd(II) removal in industrial wastewater","authors":"Chong Teng ,&nbsp;Kang Zhang ,&nbsp;Jing Guo ,&nbsp;Ting Li ,&nbsp;Yin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zeolitic imidazole-like frameworks (ZIFs) were widely used for removing heavy metal ions in industrial wastewater. However, ZIFs were featured with three-dimensional configuration that always limited by lower structure opening, which were unfavorable for the interaction with heavy metal ions. Herein, a novel two-dimensional (2D) ZIFs material was developed via bottom-up approach using polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as regulating agent. The PVP molecules tended to reduce the surface energy and promoted the stacking along the direction of (002) lattice plane to achieve the low-dimensional construction. The specific surface area of the 2D ZIFs material was increased from 35.86 m²/g to 163.07 m²/g. Benefiting from the large specific surface area and highly opened active sites, the maximal adsorption capacity of Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions was up to 571.97 and 257.81 mg/g, 1.88 and 1.33 times of conventional ZIFs bulks, and the adsorption kinetics was determined by intra-particle diffusion phase, improved by 18.3 % and 39.6 %, respectively. In fact, the hydrated hydroxyls on benzimidazole skeleton and Zn center were main active sites, coordinated selectively with Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions to form -C=N-O-Pb and -C=N-O-Cd, and Zn-O-Pb and Zn-O-Cd complex, respectively. In addition, the 2D ZIFs exhibited excellent performance both in consecutive Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions adsorption-desorption cyclic tests and practical industrial wastewater treatment, which not only promoted the practical application of ZIFs materials in adsorption technology, but also could be integrated into other water reuse technologies for various heavy metal involved industrial wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"615 ","pages":"Article 119254"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Edge-charged functionalized graphene oxide nanoslit for water desalination and ion-sieving","authors":"Yu Zhuang,&nbsp;Zhijun Xu,&nbsp;Xiaoning Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Layered graphene oxides (GOs) have been widely used as membrane materials for desalination and ion-sieving. However, GO membranes still suffer from limitations and challenges. Edge modification of GO sheets can effectively regulate the permeation of edge channels and improve the separation performance of GO membranes. Herein, molecular simulations were conducted to investigate the water desalination and Na⁺/Ca²⁺ sieving for six types of GO nanoslits with varied edge functional groups, including single group (COOH, NH₃⁺, COO⁻) and mixed group configurations. It is demonstrated that edge functional groups have a significant impact on desalination and ion sieving. The water permeation across the GO slits is closely related to the functional groups through edge-induced interactions. The NH₃⁺-functionalized slit with positively charged groups displays superior desalination performance and higher Na⁺/Ca²⁺ selectivity, surpassing edge-carboxylated GO slits. The ion permeation and rejection were interpreted in terms of the free energy landscapes for ions passing, in which the differentiating ion-slit electrostatic interactions and ion hydration behavior play a critical role. Meanwhile, selective ion adsorption within the slits offers an additional action to the species permeation. The distinctive separation mechanisms for charged GO slits, revealed in this work, provide new functionalization strategies for GO membranes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"615 ","pages":"Article 119248"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network engineering of elongated bent titanate nanotubes / cross-linked network poly(vinyl alcohol) composite membranes for pervaporation desalination","authors":"Yuping Wu ,&nbsp;Min Li ,&nbsp;Chen Yang ,&nbsp;Qianting Wang ,&nbsp;Zongli Xie ,&nbsp;Na Li","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mixed matrix membranes incorporating nanotubes has garnered significant attention for efficient separation application. However, there exist several challenging bottlenecks that necessitate addressing to fabricate high-performance membranes, such as poor interfacial compatibility between the polymer matrix and fillers, and issues pertaining to aggregation. Herein, we propose a strategy for synthesizing nanoarchitectures using titanate nanotubes (TNTs). By integrating elongated bent TNTs, we successfully synthesized high performance poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanocomposite membranes (cPVA-TNTs) featuring a three-dimensional cross-link network architecture. The impact of TNTs on the morphology and structure of the PVA-TNTs nanocomposite membranes was investigated utilizing ATR-FTIR, SEM, and XRD techniques. Due to their well-designed structure, the cPVA-TNTs membranes exhibited significantly enhanced flux and selectivity in pervaporation desalination. The improvement is attributed to the uniform distribution of elongated bent TNTs, improved crosslinking of membrane, and unique porous architecture providing highly efficient ion diffusion and transport channels. Specifically, the membrane containing 1.5 wt% TNTs was incorporated into the cPVA-TNTs membrane system achieved a water flux of 5.65 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹ and salt rejection of 99.95 % when desalinating a 3.5 wt% sodium chloride solution at 40 °C. Overall, this rationally designed synthesis route holds great promise for promoting applications of nanotubes to improve membrane performance for pervaporation desalination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"615 ","pages":"Article 119239"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent progress in green scale inhibitors for industrial water systems","authors":"Olivier Horner ,&nbsp;Mohamed Chaker Necibi ,&nbsp;Hicham Fenniri ,&nbsp;Youssef Belmabkhout","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The formation of calcium carbonate scale remains a challenge across multiple industries in potable water systems, desalination, oil production, and energy generation. While conventional chemical inhibitors are widely used, they raise environmental concerns, prompting the search for sustainable, eco-friendly alternatives. This review explores recent progress in the development of green inhibitors, focusing on natural molecules, plant extracts, and bio-based compounds that offer both scale prevention and environmental compatibility through biodegradability and low toxicity.</div><div>Experimental methods such as electrochemical analysis, physicochemical characterization, and computational modeling have been employed to evaluate inhibitor performance and understand their mechanisms. Plant extracts and bio-based compounds like polyaspartic acid derivatives have shown notable potential as biodegradable alternatives. Microbial inhibitors have also emerged as innovative tools for controlling calcium carbonate precipitation.</div><div>Synergistic combinations of different green inhibitors have demonstrated enhanced effectiveness, and novel technologies such as quantum dot-based inhibitors from agricultural waste and nanoparticle-functionalized antiscalants offer promising avenues for real-time monitoring and targeted scale inhibition. This real-time monitoring capability is attributed to the fluorescence quenching effect that occurs upon the adsorption of quantum dot-based inhibitors onto growing scale crystals.</div><div>Industrial implementation of these green solutions provides a sustainable alternative to traditional treatments, particularly in cooling systems, desalination, and oilfield applications. However, challenges remain, including performance optimization under variable conditions, long-term stability, and cost-effectiveness for large-scale use. Continued integration of experimental and computational strategies is essential for advancing the next generation of environmentally friendly scale inhibitors. With ongoing research and technological innovation, green inhibitors have the potential to significantly improve scale prevention strategies and support more sustainable industrial operations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"615 ","pages":"Article 119211"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of insoluble barium scales from reverse osmosis membranes by grafting molecular springs","authors":"Xin Wen,&nbsp;Yuyan Hai,&nbsp;Rui Ma,&nbsp;Xu Liang,&nbsp;Yawei Duan,&nbsp;Jingyun Chen,&nbsp;Hui Wei,&nbsp;Rihua Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes have been widely used in water treatment systems and exhibit outstanding separation performance. However, due to the complex composition of industrial wastewater, insoluble inorganic scales (e.g., barium sulfate) are difficult to remove from the membrane surface, which severely impairs the membrane performance. Herein, pH-responsive “molecular springs” were grafted onto the fouled polyamide RO membrane by directly penetrating the inorganic scale layers. The “molecular springs” stretch and shrink with pH variations, enabling the removal of barium sulfate scales through simple alkali-acid cleaning. The content of barium scales on the membrane surface was found to significantly decrease from 45.74 % to 0.61 %, resulting in an increase of membrane flux from 60.99 L/(m² h) to 71.94 L/(m² h). For the full size membrane modules, this study has also demonstrated that the insoluble scales on the industrial RO membrane can be removed as effectively and easily as the soluble scales by grafting “molecular springs”.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"615 ","pages":"Article 119235"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative spherical hydrogel architecture for efficient solar-driven desalination: A waste-to-resource approach","authors":"Li Yang ,&nbsp;Size Zheng ,&nbsp;Mingming Zheng ,&nbsp;Lihong Zhou ,&nbsp;Xi Rao ,&nbsp;Yinhao Liao ,&nbsp;Xiaoke Li","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an innovative spherical hydrogel architecture designed for efficient solar-driven interfacial evaporation, leveraging a waste-to-resource approach by recycling sodium polyacrylate (PAAS) from discarded diapers. The developed PAAS/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogel (PPSH) integrates recycled PAAS with PVA and Chinese ink to form a hierarchical porous structure that enhances water transport and photothermal conversion efficiency. The spherical design of PPSH significantly increases the steam dissipation area, reduces heat loss, and improves salt resistance, achieving an evaporation rate of 3.18 kg/(m²·h) under one sun illumination. The hydrogel demonstrates exceptional desalination performance, reducing total dissolved solids (TDS) by 2–4 orders of magnitude in seawater with varying salinities (up to 250 ‰) and maintaining stable operation over extended periods. Additionally, PPSH exhibits high versatility in treating domestic wastewater across a broad pH range (2–13), meeting the World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water standards. Outdoor field tests further validate the practical applicability of PPSH, with a daily water production rate of 22.87 kg/m² under natural sunlight. This work not only addresses freshwater scarcity through sustainable waste utilization but also provides critical insights into the structural design of scalable solar desalination technologies, offering a promising solution for decentralized water purification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"615 ","pages":"Article 119240"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scaling vs. biofouling: Challenges in direct-contact membrane distillation for SWRO brine reconcentration","authors":"Abdulkareem Turaani,&nbsp;Almog Gafni,&nbsp;Avner Ronen,&nbsp;Edo Bar-Zeev","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising technology for reconcentrating the brine from seawater reverse osmosis desalination facilities to achieve minimal or zero-liquid discharge. However, MD is susceptible to both scaling and biofouling, yet their specific impacts on membrane performance under different seawater brine conditions remain poorly understood. This study used a custom-made MD system to determine the impacts imposed by scaling (brine only) and biofouling (brine with native microbes) on membrane performance Distilling hypersaline brine from the Gulf of Aqaba by heating the feedwater to 50 °C resulted in minor precipitation of salts and sparse biofilm on the membrane surface with minimal effects to distillate flux and salt rejection. However, increasing the feedwater temperature by only 8 degrees to 58 °C led to significantly accelerated scaling, which impaired membrane performance, reducing distillate flux by 40 % and salt rejection by 55 % after 58 h. Inoculating the heated brine with microbes collected from the Gulf of Aqaba resulted in even faster reduction in salt rejection by 96 % and distillate flux by 95 %. The critical deficiency in the separation capacity was due to membrane wetting following the development of biofilm captured by optical coherence tomography. Correspondingly, most bacteria attached to the membrane surface appeared distressed and were embedded in organic matter, while a fraction was observed penetrating the pore structure. This bacterial infiltration suggests a risk of irreversible fouling, which could significantly shorten MD lifespan. These findings highlight that even a slight increment in feedwater temperature can lead to significant and detrimental impact on MD performance. Therefore, optimizing feedwater temperature based on site-specific environmental conditions, particularly chemical composition and microbial load is critical to minimizing detrimental effects and ensuring the long-term sustainability of MD for SWRO brine reconcentration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"615 ","pages":"Article 119234"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic N–P co-doped in biochar electrodes for enhanced capacitive deionization of norfloxacin: Mechanistic insights from experimental and DFT studies","authors":"Zijing Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Linting Zhao ,&nbsp;Wucheng Ma ,&nbsp;Yu Li ,&nbsp;Shi Wang ,&nbsp;Can Jin ,&nbsp;Yunlong Liu ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Shi ,&nbsp;Liang Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The prevalence of norfloxacin (NOR) in aquatic environments poses significant health risks, necessitating the development of efficient removal technologies. This study introduces a sustainable approach by synthesizing N–P co-doped porous carbon (PNKBC) electrodes via impregnation-pyrolysis, utilizing longan shells as the carbon source, phosphoric acid as the phosphorus source, and melamine as the nitrogen source. Electrochemical evaluations reveal that PNKBC electrodes exhibit the maximum adsorption capacity of 14.9 mg g⁻¹, along with excellent cycling stability. Structural characterizations indicate that N and P co-doped enhances pore architecture, increases defect sites, and improves hydrophilicity, thereby augmenting electrochemical performance and NOR adsorption efficiency. The adsorption behavior supported by DFT modeling is consistent with an essential contribution from π-π interactions. Furthermore, practical applications demonstrate the electrode's effective performance in treating lake and tap water, underscoring its potential for real-world water purification. This work offers a novel material design strategy for CDI systems aimed at mitigating NOR contamination in water sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"615 ","pages":"Article 119233"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped cyanobacteria-derived biochar for efficient capacitive removal of Pb2+ from wastewater","authors":"Yu Li ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Linting Zhao ,&nbsp;Wucheng Ma ,&nbsp;Shi Wang ,&nbsp;Zijing Zhang ,&nbsp;Yunlong Liu ,&nbsp;Liang Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Capacitive deionization (CDI) has emerged as a promising and energy-efficient technique for the removal of heavy metal ions such as lead (Pb²⁺) from aqueous solutions. In this study, a novel nitrogen and sulfur co-doped biochar (NSBAC) was developed from cyanobacteria‑nitrogen-fixing algae known for their ecological hazards. The NSBAC electrode exhibited excellent capacitive performance with a specific capacitance of 270.69 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g. In the CDI system, NSBAC achieved an outstanding Pb²⁺ adsorption capacity of 30.42 mg/g (1.2 V, 100 mg/L) and maintained 93.1 % of its initial capacity after ten adsorption-desorption cycles. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that N, S-co-doping introduces more defects and edge-N sites compared to single N-doping, significantly enhancing the Pb²⁺ adsorption capability of NSBAC. This study elucidates the synergistic effects of dual heteroatom doping and provides new insights for CDI-based Pb²⁺ removal technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"615 ","pages":"Article 119241"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}