Desalination最新文献

{"title":"Application and mechanisms of high-salinity water desalination for enhancing oil recovery in tight sandstone reservoir","authors":"Yuting He ,&nbsp;Yuetian Liu ,&nbsp;Bo Zhang ,&nbsp;Pingtian Fan ,&nbsp;Fan Li ,&nbsp;Rukuan Chai ,&nbsp;Liang Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research explores the effectiveness and mechanisms of high-salinity water desalination for low-salinity water flooding in tight sandstone reservoirs. The influence of different salinity and ionic levels on contact angle, interfacial tension, and recovery was analyzed using computed tomography scanning, nuclear magnetic resonance, contact angle measurements, interfacial tension experiments, and numerical simulations. The results demonstrate that adjusting the salinity and ionic composition significantly enhances rock wettability (contact angle decreased from 84.991° to 65.721°) and lowers interfacial tension (from 32.263 to 26.784 mN·m⁻¹), thereby improving oil-water mobility and oil recovery from 29.370 % to 34.163 %. In tight sandstones with low permeability and complex pore structures, ionic adjustment water significantly improves recovery by promoting the desorption of residual oil and displacing oil in small pores. The enhancement of wettability proves to be more effective than reducing interfacial tension in overcoming water blockage, particularly in small pores (25–30 μm). The synergistic effect of improved wettability and reduced interfacial tension optimizes flow paths, ensuring a more uniform distribution of injected water throughout the pore structure, which prevents water blockage and achieves up to a 9.612 % increase in recovery efficiency. This study emphasizes the potential of ionic adjustment water flooding based on high-salinity water desalination as an effective enhanced recovery technique, but also as a method for improving water resource management in oil production processes. It provides a theoretical foundation for optimizing water flooding technology and supports a more sustainable and efficient utilization of water resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"614 ","pages":"Article 119165"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of a gradient cross-linked nanofiltration membrane with quaternized surface for efficient heavy metal removal","authors":"Rui Hou,&nbsp;Pei Wang,&nbsp;Chao Cheng,&nbsp;Jianlong Dai,&nbsp;Wentao Yan,&nbsp;Yong Zhou,&nbsp;Congjie Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global generation of industrial wastewater has caused substantial heavy metal contamination, posing a severe threat to human health and environment. Nanofiltration (NF) membranes have gained widespread application in water treatment. However, traditional NF membranes typically feature the mixed separation zone and permeation zone, which hinder the simultaneous improvement of separation and permeation performance. Herein, we developed a gradient cross-linking NF membrane with a customized quaternized surface for the efficient removal of heavy metal ions. The loose upper layer of the gradient cross-linking structure was responsible for the high water flux, while the dense lower layer was accounted for rejecting heavy metal ions. The quaternized surface (glycidyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (GTMAC) grafted surface) endowed membrane with an enhanced positive charge characteristic, thereby improving its removal performance by repelling positively charged metal ions. Meanwhile, GTMAC rendered the membrane surface with enhanced water affinity, thus further enhancing the water permeance. Concretely, the resultant GTMAC-PEI/TMA membrane achieved satisfactory rejection rates for Mn²⁺ (96.7 %), Cu²⁺ (95.2 %), Ni²⁺ (96.2 %) and Zn²⁺ (93.3 %), with high water flux of 19.1–20.6 L m⁻² h⁻¹ bar⁻¹. This strategy provides an insight for the development of NF membranes with simultaneously improved permeability and rejection performance in heavy metal removal application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"614 ","pages":"Article 119169"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Layer-thickness gradient nanofiltration membrane constructed by alternating assembly of two-dimensional MXene nanosheets and polyamide layer for dye and antibiotic wastewater purification","authors":"Hongli Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiaoqiao Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenhao Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Yang ,&nbsp;Quanqiang Ren ,&nbsp;Hongwei Zhou ,&nbsp;Weixing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Membrane-based separation technology is playing a pivotal role in addressing challenges such as sustainable water purification, ion sieving, resource extraction and environmental protection. However, fabricating of the membrane integrates high water permeability, high selectivity and good durability has remained challenging due to the “trade-off” of perm-selectivity. Herein, a gradient membrane structure with gradually decreased layer thickness from the bottom to top surface is designed. The thickness-gradient multilayer structure is constructed by alternating assembly of two-dimensional Ti₃C₂T_x MXene layer and polyamide (PA) layer. The importing of MXene layer could increase the adsorption of piperazine molecules and improve the interfacial properties of support, which greatly help to optimize the interfacial polymerization reaction-diffusion process and form a more uniform and defect-free PA separating layer. More importantly, the 2D-stacking format of MXene as well as layer-thickness gradient structure substantially reduce hydraulic resistances, promoting water molecules to flow rapidly through the membrane. As a result, the pure water permeability was elevated to ~20.4 L m⁻² h⁻¹ bar⁻¹ (nearly 3-folds of the individual PA membrane) and a 97.3 % rejection of Na₂SO₄ is obtained. Meanwhile, the resultant MXene/PA-2 exhibits outstanding rejection to methyl blue of ~99.9 % and nystatin of ~100.0 %. The membrane also retained 99.5 % of MB rejection and a water permeability of ~18.6 L m⁻² h⁻¹ bar⁻¹ after 80 h cross-flow filtration, demonstrating its long-term operation stability. This work provides a rationally structural designing and a promising alternative route of the advanced nanofiltration membranes for high-efficient purification of organic wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"614 ","pages":"Article 119155"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extending LiFePO4 electrode lifespan for electrochemical lithium extraction from brines: A deep (de)intercalation-driven regeneration strategy targeting impurity cations co-insertion","authors":"Weigang Zhu ,&nbsp;Wenhua Xu ,&nbsp;Dongfu Liu ,&nbsp;Lihua He ,&nbsp;Zhongwei Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>LiFePO₄ is a promising electrode material for lithium extraction from salt-lake brines via Electrochemical Deintercalation/Intercalation system (EDIs). Nevertheless, the electrodes inevitably suffer from capacity fading after prolonged cycling in complex brine environments. This work reveal that the root cause of capacity fading lies in impurity cations in the brine, especially Na⁺, which competes for intercalation and becomes trapped within the LiFePO₄ lattice during the later stages of lithium extraction, resulting in irreversible loss of active Li⁺. Electrochemical analysis confirms that Na⁺ shows a certain degree of reversible (de)intercalation in LiFePO₄ lattice, providing a theoretical basis for electrode regeneration. Based on this, an in-situ electrochemical regeneration strategy involving “high concentration lithium electrolyte - low current density - deep (de)intercalation” was proposed. This strategy achieves simultaneous re-lithiation of the degraded electrode and removal of the trapped impurity ions. After regeneration, the electrode capacity recovers to 86.3 % of the initial capacity, and the regenerated electrode exhibits good electrochemical performance and ionic selectivity comparable to that of the original electrode. After 143 cycles in the Ba Qiancuo Salt Lake brine, the specific capacity of the regenerated electrode still reaches 20.13 mg·g⁻¹. The electrode lifespan is nearly doubled, effectively reducing the electrode replacement frequency and operating costs. This approach is expected to promote the industrial application of EDIs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"614 ","pages":"Article 119166"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of porous hydrophilic ion sieves for lithium recovery from highly alkaline lithium precipitation mother liquor and low-lithium raw brine: Batch and continuous operation","authors":"Gao Deng ,&nbsp;Rong Jiang ,&nbsp;Faman Tang ,&nbsp;Zhaofei Hou ,&nbsp;Yongjun Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient lithium extraction from low-grade liquid resources presents both significant scientific interest and a major technological challenge. Here, we developed a polyvinyl chloride/chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (PVC/CPVC)-assisted granulation method to fabricate a series of porous hydrophilic Mg-doped lithium manganese oxide composites (PC-LMMO, PVC_x/CPVC_y-6 wt%Mg-Li_1.6Mn_1.6O₄ where x/y was from 0 to 3). Among them, P₂C₁-LMMO exhibits the best dynamic adsorption performance in both highly alkaline lithium precipitation mother liquor and low-lithium raw brine, with lithium adsorption capacities of 19.3 and 14.3 mg g⁻¹, respectively. After 20 cycles in a fixed-bed continuous operation, the adsorption capacities retained 85.6 % and 86.5 % related to their original values, while manganese leaching remained minimal (0.62 % and 0.25 %, respectively). This composite adsorbent achieves an exceptional balance between structural durability and efficient lithium recovery, providing a scalable, sustainable solution for lithium extraction from low-grade liquid resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"614 ","pages":"Article 119159"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144536012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dopamine-assisted Sr-MOF@Hap in-situ growth for ultrafast oil-water separation and crude oil separation","authors":"Jiajia Hou ,&nbsp;Zongxue Yu ,&nbsp;Zhiquan Chen ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Jiang ,&nbsp;Yulong Song ,&nbsp;Xunwang Tang ,&nbsp;Jing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The key to enhancing membrane separation efficiency lies in simultaneously improving membrane permeability and selectivity, which often presents a trade-off. Permeability dictates the rate at which substances pass through the membrane, while selectivity determines the membrane's ability to separate different substances. Here, we have developed a polydopamine-assisted Sr-MOF@Hap strategy for the ultra-fast separation of various types of oil-in-water emulsions, Fabricating membranes exhibiting superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic properties, and acid-base resistance. In this process, the self-polymerization of polydopamine provides the composite membrane with more hydrophilic groups, acting as an adhesive for Hap and Sr-MOF, thereby enhancing the composite membrane's stability. The unique two-dimensional layered structure of Hap provides more attachment sites for MOF. PDA@Sr-MOF@Hap achieves 99.2 % separation efficiency for n-hexane oil-in-water emulsions, demonstrating exceptional performance in surfactant-stabilized emulsion separation. Furthermore, the composite membrane also demonstrates certain separation capabilities for metal salts and metal ions. In conclusion, the successful development of the PDA@Sr-MOF@Hap composite membrane not only provides a new solution for efficient oil-water separation but also offers important theoretical and technical references for the design and preparation of multifunctional membrane materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"614 ","pages":"Article 119163"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial solar evaporation using biomass: Environmental impact, financial feasibility, and a bibliometric perspective","authors":"Maryam Nooman AlMallahi ,&nbsp;Mohamed Y.E. Selim ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Elgendi","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interfacial solar evaporation (ISE) has emerged as a promising solution for addressing global water scarcity challenges, with significant advancements made over the past decade. Despite its widespread adoption, ISE still faces substantial limitations concerning fabrication costs, environmentally friendly materials, biodegradability, and scalability. Biomass-based evaporators have gained attention due to their low cost and sustainability. However, reviews on biomass-based evaporators focus on material type, structure, and thermal performance. This paper reviews biomass-based evaporators based on their benefits, life cycle assessment, and economic evaluations. This review summarizes existing ISE studies, followed by a bibliometric analysis highlighting the rise of biomass-based evaporators, key contributors, and emerging research themes. Next, it analyzes life cycle and economic evaluations, compares costs per square meter, and addresses challenges and future opportunities for large-scale use. The publication counts on biomass-based evaporators peaked in 2024. Chemical Engineering Journal, Desalination, and ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces led with 20 publications each. China dominated with 12,848 citations across 275 publications, followed by the United States with 2735 citations and 25 publications. While biomass-based evaporator species may vary in structure, they possess unique characteristics, such as high porosity and low thermal conductivity, which benefits ISE. The life cycle analysis underscores the potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by integrating biomass-based evaporators, with studies indicating a reduction of up to 82 % compared to other materials used. Also, in the economic analysis, the cotton-based fabric evaporator demonstrated a cost of 2.23 $/m² and achieved a water evaporation rate of 1.54 kg/m²h for 3.5 wt% NaCl solution under 1 sun. This review contributes to ongoing efforts to find potential solutions for water scarcity while minimizing environmental impacts and economic costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"614 ","pages":"Article 119160"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144579883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selectivity and conductivity: Correlation models and validation with electrodialysis for anion exchange membranes","authors":"Meijing Chen ,&nbsp;Haodong Jiang ,&nbsp;Tao Luo ,&nbsp;Junhu Wu ,&nbsp;Xinlong Wang ,&nbsp;Wenxiang Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The counter-ion permselectivity of ion exchange membranes is key to advancing electrochemical desalination processes. Reliably evaluating this selectivity is crucial. Conventionally, the counter-ion permselectivity has been determined by electrodialysis (ED) method. However, the experimental ED results are inherently affected by operational conditions. How to determine the intrinsic selectivity of membranes excluding the influence of solution boundary layers has been a challenge. In this study, the recently proposed new approach to evaluating the intrinsic anion permselectivity from membrane ionic conductivity and swelling degree (termed “ionic conductivity approach” for short) is explored in depth. Two core issues are discussed from the theoretical derivation, model building and experimental validation: the relationship between the membrane ionic conductivity and the membrane counter-ions composition, and the effect of the Donnan electrolytes (those due to super-equivalent sorption more than the equivalent amount determined by the membrane exchange capacity). On one hand, the anion permselectivity of three commercial anion exchange membranes (AEMs) in the NaNO₃/NaCl and Na₂SO₄/NaCl electrolyte mixtures at the total sodium concentrations of 0.1 M, 0.5 M and 1.0 M is systematically investigated. The anion permselectivity obtained by the ionic conductivity approach is generally consistent with the ED results. On the other hand, the contribution of Donnan electrolytes to the membrane conductivity is analyzed by both the simplified and classical two-phase micro-structure models of IEMs, respectively. Though Donnan electrolytes do contribute to the membrane total conductivity, for the investigated AEMs, their effect on the anion permselectivity evaluated by the ionic conductivity approach is negligible at the concentration range of 0.1–1.0 M.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"614 ","pages":"Article 119154"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144536011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular dynamics simulations of Li+/Mg2+ separation using hydroxyl modified PVDF under applied electric field","authors":"Zimeng Guo,&nbsp;Lianying Wu,&nbsp;Qichao Sun,&nbsp;Luchen Wang,&nbsp;Weitao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The green and efficient separation of Li⁺/Mg²⁺ is a pressing challenge in the extraction of Li⁺ from salt lake brine. A transport model for Li⁺/Mg²⁺ in an –OH modified PVDF polyelectrolyte membrane was established. The effects of electric field strength, solution concentration, and the number of charging groups on the flux of Li⁺/Mg²⁺ and ion selectivity were calculated using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics. The migration mechanism for Li⁺/Mg²⁺ was elucidated by analyzing the parameters such as interaction energy, coordination number, and mean square displacement. The results showed that as the solution concentration increased, the fluxes of Li⁺/Mg²⁺ through the membrane decreased, while the selectivity for Li⁺ increased. It is necessary to increase the electric field strength to enhance the separation of Li⁺/Mg²⁺. The strong interaction energy between Li⁺/Mg²⁺ and the polyelectrolyte chains led to dechlorination and dehydration during transmembrane migration, especially in high concentration systems. The separation factor initially increases and then decreases as the number of –OH groups increases. Additionally, higher temperatures accelerate the diffusion of Mg²⁺ within the membrane, leading to a decrease in Li⁺ selectivity. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain the system temperature in the range of 298 K to 308 K. This work provides valuable theoretical insights for the design and separation strategies of high-performance ion exchange membranes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"614 ","pages":"Article 119150"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of thin-film nanocomposite membranes with enhanced selectivity: Mechanisms, strategies, and applications","authors":"Chunlin Zhai ,&nbsp;Yanling Liu ,&nbsp;Shengji Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Membrane technology, considered as a promising solution for water scarcity and resource recovery, yet suffer from a ubiquitous trade-off between permeance and selectivity. To continuously heighten the separation efficiency, thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes have attracted numerous research efforts, standing out for generally boosted water permeance while easily subjected to unsatisfactory water/solute or solute/solute selectivity. Development of TFN membranes with high selectivity, possibly more crucial for water treatment applications, is still challenging and lacking of guidance. In this review, the common causes of membrane selectivity decline due to the nanomaterial intervention were firstly summarized. A systematic framework to categorize the development strategies of TFN membranes with enhanced selectivity was then established, with a particular perspective of fundamental mechanisms. Specifically, part of strategies aimed at mitigating the adverse impacts of nanomaterials on the perfection of membrane polymer structure, while others focused on amplification of membrane rejection mechanisms against specific solutes with the help of nanomaterials. We also highlighted potential applications of well-designed TFN membranes, in terms of more efficient desalination, ion/ion separation, and removal of hazardous pollutants such as heavy metals and micropollutants. Finally, future research perspectives were proposed to promote further advancement of high-performance TFN membranes for targeted applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"614 ","pages":"Article 119158"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144536087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}