Desalination最新文献

{"title":"Simulation-guided subtractive manufacturing of natural Pleurotus eryngii: Visualizing evaporation rate distribution for efficient solar-driven interfacial evaporation","authors":"Bo Li,&nbsp;Xianling Hu,&nbsp;Haoyue Yang,&nbsp;Jiyue Wang,&nbsp;Hanting Mao,&nbsp;Yuanshuo Li,&nbsp;Ke Wu,&nbsp;Zihao Li,&nbsp;Duanju Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) has emerged as a sustainable solution for global freshwater scarcity. However, rational structural design is often hindered by the lack of direct correlation between local evaporation kinetics and macroscopic geometry. Herein, a simulation-guided subtractive manufacturing strategy is proposed utilizing natural <em>Pleurotus eryngii</em> as a processable functional substrate. Distinct from traditional thermodynamic analyses, COMSOL Multiphysics was employed to directly visualize the theoretical evaporation rate distribution, revealing that a pyramidal array topography maximizes the active evaporative area by mitigating vapor stagnation on inclined surfaces. Guided by these insights, the biomass coated with graphite nanopowder (GNP) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was rationally tailored via mechanical carving. Microscopically, the intrinsic hierarchical porous network reduced the equivalent enthalpy of vaporization to ∼1447 kJ kg⁻¹. Macroscopically, the optimized evaporator with a pyramidal array achieved a remarkable evaporation rate of 3.84 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ and an energy conversion efficiency of 154% in pure water under 1.0 sun irradiation (1 kW m⁻²), representing a 14.3% enhancement over its flat-top counterpart and validating the simulation predictions. The structural advantage proved robust in a 3.5 wt% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution under 1.0 sun irradiation, maintaining a high evaporation rate of 3.52 kg m⁻² h⁻¹. Furthermore, outdoor experiments demonstrated a peak evaporation rate of 10.42 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ under natural sunlight conditions, alongside versatile broad-spectrum ion rejection and wastewater purification capabilities. This study establishes a paradigm where theoretical evaporation kinetics informs macroscopic structural design, offering a scalable, low-cost, and high-efficiency solution for sustainable water remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"627 ","pages":"Article 120004"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147381565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel membrane distillation module integrating filter media within the feed channel for gypsum scaling regulation","authors":"Lin Huang ,&nbsp;Jun Wang ,&nbsp;Jinhui Li ,&nbsp;Haiqing Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Membrane distillation (MD) has emerged as a promising technology for treating high-salinity wastewater. However, its practical application remains hindered by membrane scaling, particularly the crystallization of gypsum, which has low solubility and rapid nucleation. This study presented an integrated filtration–MD module designed to enhance anti-scaling performance by investigating three key factors. Firstly, the MD module was optimized by testing empty, lower-, and upper-channel designs. Both filler layers adsorbed gypsum crystals and alleviated membrane scaling, while the upper-channel configuration further suppressed concentration polarization by avoiding short circuiting, ultimately boosting water recovery from 25% to 65%. Secondly, zeolite outperformed activated alumina in capturing Ca²⁺ and SO₄²⁻ ions, which changed gypsum crystal size and deposition morphology, thereby reducing membrane scaling by 37.7–93.8%. Thirdly, the introduction of representative foulants (i.e., organic matters and microplastics) or salinity regulated gypsum supersaturation and nucleation pathways by promoting precursor complexation and cluster formation, enhancing precursor capture within the filter layer and reducing membrane scaling by up to 95.6%. Collectively, these effects enhanced the robustness of the integrated filtration–MD system for complex feed solution. Overall, this work provides an effective strategy for improving the operational stability of MD systems when treating wastewaters with high scaling potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"627 ","pages":"Article 120011"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zinc ion-induced MXene/CB self-assembled Superhydrophilic wood evaporators: Enabling high-efficiency solar interfacial desalination and pollutant degradation","authors":"Qiuyan Kong ,&nbsp;Shuxin Zhou ,&nbsp;Yongqi Chen ,&nbsp;Yan Dong ,&nbsp;Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Lu Luo ,&nbsp;Junkai Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar-driven interfacial evaporation represents a sustainable and efficient approach for seawater desalination and wastewater purification. However, developing photothermal evaporators that combine high efficiency, long-term stability, and multifunctionality remains challenging. Herein, an ion-bond-enhanced adsorption strategy was proposed to fabricate a superhydrophilic wood-based evaporator. Using delignified wood as a hydrophilic substrate, Zn²⁺ ions induce the self-assembly of MXene/carbon black (CB) composite coatings, which significantly enhance optical absorption. The intercalation of CB mitigates MXene nanosheet stacking, thereby addressing insufficient charge exposure and high reflectivity. This synergistic design yields a unique, hierarchical light-trapping architecture composed of regularly arranged tilted nanosheets, which facilitates broad-spectrum light absorption and enhances photothermal conversion efficiency. The optimized ZWMC6 evaporator achieves an evaporation rate of 2.10 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ with 90% efficiency under 1 sun irradiation, substantially surpassing natural wood (0.93 kg m⁻² h⁻¹, 45%). Moreover, ZWMC6 exhibits strong antibacterial properties (99.96% bacterial removal) and maintains stable evaporation performance with excellent salt-resistant self-cleaning during prolonged operation. This zinc ion-guided coating strategy integrates high evaporation efficiency, antifouling capability, and photocatalytic activity, providing a novel route for functionalizing natural porous materials toward high-performance solar evaporation systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"627 ","pages":"Article 120022"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A covalent triazine framework with antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties for highly efficient gold recovery","authors":"Yuxin Cai ,&nbsp;Zhicun Liu ,&nbsp;Xuanyu Ye ,&nbsp;Huan Li ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Wang ,&nbsp;Zhe Chang ,&nbsp;Chunxia Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is of great significance for gold recovery to develop adsorbent that can effectively extract gold from complex aquatic environments and resist microbial contamination. However, the current adsorbents demonstrate relatively limited adsorption performance and anti-microbial performance in actual water environments, which obviously impedes their effectiveness in practical applications. In this work, an imine-linked covalent organic framework (COF) structure (designated as TFPA-TAPT-COF) were designed and synthesized. The TFPA-TAPT-COF exhibited maximum adsorption capacity of 1810 mg·g⁻¹, along with excellent selectivity (distribution coefficient K_d &gt; 10⁴) and reusability (up to five adsorption-desorption cycles). This might be due to its abundant N sites and considerable surface area. Notably, the material retained its superior adsorption performance in real-world aquatic environments. Meanwhile, the D-A structure endows TFPA-TAPT-COF with excellent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation efficiency, thereby conferring it with antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties (with inhibition rates against <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, MRSA and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> all exceeding 80%). These findings offer a promising strategy for the development of gold recovery materials that combine high adsorption performance with effective antimicrobial activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"627 ","pages":"Article 119974"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-driven force coupled dialysis system for collaborative recycling of acid and lithium from spent LIBs leachate","authors":"Di Wang ,&nbsp;Qingbai Chen ,&nbsp;Bingbing He ,&nbsp;Yong Xu ,&nbsp;Haoran Zhang ,&nbsp;Ping Li ,&nbsp;Jianyou Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The continuous influx of waste batteries poses severe challenges to energy, economy, and the environment, particularly in major economies with high lithium-ion battery (LIB) usage. Selectrodialysis (SED) is considered for lithium recovery from spent LIB leachate via monovalent ion selectivity, but proton hopping through monovalent-selective cation exchange membranes in acidic media limits its selectivity and stability. This report describes a diffusion dialysis (DD)/SED integrated recycling system capable of acid recovery and subsequent lithium extraction. The efficient SED unit exhibits high lithium selectivity during spent LIB leachate reclamation, benefiting from the removal of acid (H⁺) from the feed stream via DD process. Appropriate running mode conditions contribute to excellent mass transfer for each unit. Specifically, DD operates in counter-flow mode with waste acid flowing from bottom-to-top, leading to &gt;95% acid recovery. This performance is attributed to the uniform concentration distribution and adequate acid filtration. Meanwhile, SED under constant voltage mode reaching 7.9 (7.8) selectivity for Li/Ni (Li/Co) owing to its high Li electromigration rate constants (0.0273 ± 0.0003 min⁻¹) under changing current drop. Furthermore, the integrated DD/SED process recovers 92.3%-pure Li₂SO₄ from spent LIB leachate with reduced chemical input, achieving a gross profit of 42.22 USD/t while demonstrating enhanced sustainability and industrial potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"627 ","pages":"Article 119981"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine-tuning large language models for predicting organic micropollutant rejection by polyamide membranes","authors":"Hejia Wang ,&nbsp;Bozhan Ma ,&nbsp;Chengxin Niu ,&nbsp;Zhichao Wu ,&nbsp;Ruobin Dai ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated cross-domain application capabilities due to the emergent intelligence derived from billion-scale parameters. However, their potential in modeling specific membrane processes requires further investigation. In this study, we selected the rejection of organic micropollutants (OMPs) by polyamide membrane, a typical membrane process, to evaluate whether LLMs can accurately predict its performance. The results show that base LLMs, including gpt-4o, 4o-mini, and 4.1-mini, were unable to predict the OMP rejection process before fine-tuning, with predictive accuracy even inferior to a linear regression model. However, the predictive performance of LLMs improved substantially after fine-tuning, which enhanced the mechanistic understanding of size exclusion, enabling the prediction of OMP rejection. Notably, larger LLMs did not outperform smaller ones, indicating that model size alone does not guarantee superior performance, likely due to the limited parameter ratio that can be fine-tuned. Although the fine-tuned LLMs still slightly underperformed compared to conventional machine learning models, they demonstrated considerable promise for regression-based applications. Further analysis revealed that the lack of domain-specific knowledge in LLMs limits the effectiveness of transfer learning during fine-tuning. Moreover, converting structured data into text sequences leads to information loss and redundancy, preventing LLMs from effectively capturing the influence of input features. Therefore, model architecture, data sufficiency, and task compatibility are suggested to be prioritized for the successful application of LLMs. This study demonstrates the potential of fine-tuned LLMs for regression-based modeling and highlights feasible strategies for improvement, providing valuable insights for advancing their practical deployment in membrane research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"627 ","pages":"Article 120009"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of biostability and oligotrophic bacterial growth in ultrapure water pipes under various hydraulic conditions using online flow cytometry","authors":"Thi-Huyen Duong ,&nbsp;Jihyeon Tak ,&nbsp;Sang Yeob Kim ,&nbsp;Bohyeon Park ,&nbsp;Soohoon Choi ,&nbsp;Kyung-Hyuk Lee ,&nbsp;Sung Kyu Maeng","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stringent ultrapure water (UPW) quality standards require high-quality pipe materials and well-controlled hydraulic conditions to prevent biofilm formation. This study evaluated the migration potential test and the biomass formation potential of selected UPW pipe materials under varying flow conditions. The results indicate that new polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) pipes exhibit highest migration of total organic carbon but lowest particle migration under hot water conditions, whereas stainless steel (SUS) poses a greater concern owing to its stronger biofilm adhesion. Additionally, the study examines the growth potential of UPW-originating bacteria in the presence of urea, a persistent UPW compound, indicating that urea increases bacterial growth by 1.3–1.8 times. For the first time, online flow cytometry was applied alongside hydraulic tests in a flow system, enabling the real-time monitoring of biofilm-to-planktonic transitions under different flow regimes. The results reveal that biofilm formation behavior was strongly influenced by pipe surface characteristics and operational conditions. Biofilms on SUS exhibited stronger adhesion, whereas biofilm on PVDF developed more rapidly but were more susceptible to fluctuating flow conditions. Strongly attached biofilms were formed (56.2%) even under turbulent conditions with high Reynold (<em>Re</em>) number (26,000) and were not completely removed even when the <em>Re</em> increased to 52,000. However, prolonged exposure to such high turbulence can eventually reduce biofilm formation. Understanding biofilm behavior across pipes under different flow regimes is crucial for UPW quality control. This study underscores the need to establish a standardized biological evaluation method for selecting UPW pipe materials and optimizing hydraulic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"627 ","pages":"Article 119977"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ni-Fe electronic reservoirs supported on MIL-100(Fe) for efficient removal of U(VI) from aqueous solutions through a synergistic reduction-adsorption mechanism","authors":"Linkai He ,&nbsp;Xingqiang Wu ,&nbsp;Yun Tian ,&nbsp;Yixin Pan ,&nbsp;Faquan Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The release and dispersion of uranium during mining activities and fuel/waste management processes in nuclear power plants pose serious environmental risks, particularly in aqueous systems. In such environments, uranium exhibits high solubility and strong mobility, leading to severe radioactive contamination of groundwater, soil, and ecosystems. Therefore, remediating uranium-contaminated environments remains a significant scientific and technological challenge. To address this issue, the present study exploits the high specific surface area and tunable pore architectures/functional sites of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Using a controlled synthesis strategy, a core-shell (Fe-Ni) galvanic cell structure was constructed and integrated with MIL-100(Fe) to fabricate the Ni-Fe-MIL-100(Fe) composite, enabling highly efficient and synergistic removal of U(VI) via an “adsorption-reduction-complexation” mechanism. Experimental results demonstrate that the maximum uranium uptake capacity reached 3038.19 mg·g⁻¹ at 303 K and pH = 5, with a significantly enhanced removal efficiency. The kinetic analysis indicates that the uranium adsorption process is well described by the pseudo-second-order model. Combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the electronic transfer channels of the structure were elucidated, revealing that they drive the reduction of U(VI) and facilitate its coordination and immobilization at multi-metal and oxygen-containing sites. These findings confirm that U(VI) removal by the composite material proceeds via a coupled chemical reduction and complexation process, thereby clarifying the underlying adsorption mechanism. Moreover, in mixed-ion solutions and real seawater, the composite maintains high adsorption capacity and excellent selectivity, demonstrating strong potential for uranium immobilization and recovery in the remediation of radioactive wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"627 ","pages":"Article 120000"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bimetallic metal-organic frameworks-modified hybrid capacitive deionization for enabling concurrent desalination and antibiotic resistance genes removal","authors":"Ziwei Chen ,&nbsp;Zhanming Tan ,&nbsp;Xuefeng Liu ,&nbsp;Peilin Han ,&nbsp;Di Zhang ,&nbsp;Mengqi Jiang ,&nbsp;En Xie ,&nbsp;Yunkai Li","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Freshwater scarcity necessitates the use of unconventional water sources, yet their direct use poses ecological risks, including soil salinization and the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a promising brackish water desalination technology, but conventional carbon electrodes often suffer from performance limitations due to co-ion effects and slow ion diffusion. This study reported a Fe₁Ni₃-MOFs@AC composite electrode-based hybrid CDI (HCDI) for simultaneous removal of salinity and ARGs, signifying a critical advancement for treating complex saline wastewater. When polarization was applied at 1.5 V, the Fe₁Ni₃-MOFs@AC composite electrode exhibited a specific capacitance 30.4 F/g and a salt adsorption capacity of 26.0 mg/g, which were 103% and 83% higher than those of the pristine activated carbon (AC) electrode. The improved HCDI performance of the Fe₁Ni₃-MOFs@AC composite electrode should result from its hierarchical porous structure, which enhances rapid charge-transfer kinetics and ion diffusion rates. Meanwhile, the system demonstrated exceptional durability, maintaining a high desalination capacity with no significant degradation over 35 cycles. Within 30 min, the electrode removed &gt;94% of <em>sulA</em>, <em>tetL</em>, and <em>chL</em> ARGs, far exceeding the levels in non-polarized controls. Coexisting salt ions synergistically enhanced the 3% removal efficiency of ARG through co-adsorption. This work establishes MOF-enhanced HCDI as a robust platform for concurrent desalination and ARG mitigation, offering an energy-efficient solution for sustainable water reuse in agricultural and industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"627 ","pages":"Article 120034"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural integrated hydrophilic-omniphobic Janus membrane by synchronous fluorination/reverse interfacial polymerization for durable membrane distillation","authors":"Luheng Jing ,&nbsp;Siping Ding ,&nbsp;Tinglue Zhang ,&nbsp;Yang Tong ,&nbsp;Tonghui Zhang ,&nbsp;Zheyi Meng ,&nbsp;Xuefen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional hydrophobic membranes are susceptible to membrane fouling and wetting of membrane pores, limiting the application of membrane distillation (MD) technology in water recovery under increasingly complex water conditions. To address these challenges, we designed a structural integrated hydrophilic-omniphobic Janus membrane via synchronous fluorination/reverse interfacial polymerization (SF/R-IP) based on roughening modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibrous membrane. During the SF/R-IP process, not only piperazine (PIP) from the upper aqueous phase solution reacted with trimethylchloroform (TMC) from the lower organic phase solution to form polyamide layer (PA) through IP reaction, the modified PVDF substrate would also be fluorinated synchronously by 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorotriethoxysilane (PFDTES) in organic phase. As a consequence, a novel Janus membrane with an ultrathin hydrophilic PA surface layer partially inter-embedded onto an omniphobic substrate was featured, and this special inter-embedding adhesion endowed the Janus membrane excellent structural integrity. The optimized Janus membrane combined the anti-wetting performance of an omniphobic membrane with the oil contamination resistance of the hydrophilic layer and the high permeability of nanofibrous substrate, demonstrating considerable vapor flux (31.1 kg m⁻² h⁻¹) and complete salt rejection (99.99%) during a long-term (80 h) DCMD experiments using surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-stabilized oil-in-water (O/W) saline emulsion as the feed solution, and could fully recover optimal flux and continue stable operation after flushing. This study would provide a new strategy in designing high-performance MD membranes and enable robust applications of MD facing the challenges of membrane fouling and wetting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"627 ","pages":"Article 120025"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}