Desalination最新文献

{"title":"Auxiliary electrodialysis realizes over 50 times concentration of nuclide ions from liquid effluents of nuclear power plants","authors":"Zhenzhen Cui,&nbsp;Baoying Wang,&nbsp;Ruirui Li,&nbsp;Zihao Wang,&nbsp;Weicheng Fu,&nbsp;Junying Yan,&nbsp;Liang Wu,&nbsp;Yaoming Wang,&nbsp;Tongwen Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid and highly effective enrichment of nuclides containing liquid effluent is crucial for online monitoring of radioactive trace elements from nuclear power plants (NPPs). In this study, auxiliary electrodialysis (AED) was proposed for high enrichment of trace ions in the liquid effluents of NPPs. The effects of the auxiliary ion type and concentration and the operating voltage on the AED concentration performance were investigated. When the volume ratio of the solution was 140: 1 with 0.03 mol/L HNO₃ as the auxiliary electrolyte, most of the nuclide ions were concentrated more than 50 times after the two-stage electrodialysis experiment. In the first-stage electrodialysis, the concentration of most ions, with the exception of the higher valence ions (Ru³⁺ and Zr⁴⁺), tends to increase with increasing operating voltage. The diluate stream volume could be minimized to 98.8% with a total energy consumption of 9.5 kWh/m³. By considering the impact of boron in the liquid effluents, more than 52 times concentrations could still be achieved by extending the running time of the first-stage ED (increasing the ion removal rate). The transmembrane fluxes of various cations decreased in the order of Cs⁺ &gt; Sr²⁺ &gt; Zn²⁺ &gt; Co²⁺ ≈ Ni²⁺ ≈ Mn²⁺ &gt; Fe³⁺ &gt; Cr³⁺ &gt; Ru³⁺ &gt; Zr⁴⁺, which is attributed to the experimental operating parameters and ionic properties. This research provided a viable technique for rapid and highly effective enrichment of nuclides containing liquid effluents for both radioactive element monitoring and wastewater volume reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"597 ","pages":"Article 118347"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of positively charged acid-resistant hollow fiber nanofiltration membrane with excellent separation performance by surface modification","authors":"Wenze Wu,&nbsp;Enlin Wang,&nbsp;Shaoxiao Liu,&nbsp;Baowei Su","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is a significant requirement for acid-resistant nanofiltration (NF) membranes with positively charged surface in order to effectively treat and recycle acidic industrial wastewater that contains heavy metal ions. Currently, acid-resistant nanofiltration membranes still exhibit low water permeance and typically display only weak positively charged or even negatively charged surface, which presents a vast challenge for the effective removal of heavy metal ions. In this work, we successfully produced a positively charged hollow fiber (HF) NF membrane with outstanding water permeability by combining interfacial polymerization and surface modification approaches. The interfacial polymerization reaction was conducted on the inner surface of an HF polysulfone substrate using polyethyleneimine as the aqueous monomer and cyanuric chloride as the organic monomer. This process results in the formation of a positively charged polyamine selective layer. Subsequently, the surface of the selective layer was modified with an aqueous solution of (3-bromopropyl) trimethylammonium bromide (BPTAB) via a Hoffman alkylation process, which increases the positive charge density and hydrophilicity of the HF NF membrane. Consequently, the BPTAB-modified HF NF membrane achieves a water permeance of 44.5 L m⁻² h⁻¹ MPa⁻¹, which is a 130 % increase compared to the unmodified baseline HF NF membrane. Meanwhile, it exhibits excellent desalination performance, corresponding to a rejection of 97.3 %, 99.3 % and 99.1 %, for MgCl₂, CoCl₂ and MnCl₂, respectively. Additionally, it demonstrates excellent resistance to acids, which remains a 93.3 % MgCl₂ rejection after being submerged in pH = 1 HNO₃ solution for 60 d.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"597 ","pages":"Article 118332"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can lignin nanosphere be used as a recycled sacrificed template for constructing high performance loose nanofiltration membranes?","authors":"Jinsong He ,&nbsp;Wenjie Liu ,&nbsp;Fan Ni ,&nbsp;Dong Tian ,&nbsp;Yongjia Lei ,&nbsp;Jianmei Zou ,&nbsp;Yanzong Zhang ,&nbsp;Fei Shen ,&nbsp;Xiaochan An","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sacrificed template strategy has become a promising pathway to construct high performance loose nanofiltration (LNF) membranes for dye-containing wastewater treatment. However, few studies have been conducted on the recycling of templates in the LNF membrane preparation. In this study, lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) with abundant biomass sources, low cost, renewable ability, were attempted to be used as a recycled sacrificed template for the first time. The LNPs were easily renewed by concentration and NaOH dialysis with smaller nano-size and more hydrophilic surface. The optimized P-LNF-50 membrane prepared by pristine LNPs templates exhibited high water permeability of 146.24 LMH·bar⁻¹, excellent separation of dye/salt (i.e. rejection: 97.79 % for CR, 0.48 % for Na₂SO₄, 0.25 % for NaCl), and superior long-term stability. Interestingly, the R1-LNF-70 membrane prepared by 1^st recycled LNPs templates can still maintain high water permeability of 132.97 LMH·bar⁻¹ and excellent separation of dye/salt (i.e. rejection rate: 98.31 % for CR, and 1.27 % for Na₂SO₄). While the 2^nd recycled LNPs can not produce satisfied LNF membranes due to its poor figuration and easy aggregation. The inherent relationships between LNPs templates and selective layers were deeply explored. Importantly, the Sankey chart of recycling LNPs template technique and cost analysis indicated that the LNPs could be used as green templates for two cycles with comparable permeability and selectivity of dye/salts. Overall, our study paves the way for recycling of sacrificed templates for the scalable fabrication of high performance LNF membranes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"597 ","pages":"Article 118348"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-level eco-friendly heat recovery process integrated into a gas turbine cycle of an innovative CCHP-desalination system: Assessment and optimization of the thermo-economic-environmental aspects","authors":"Lu Sui ,&nbsp;Qili Zhou ,&nbsp;Theyab R. Alsenani ,&nbsp;Sayed Fayaz Ahmad ,&nbsp;Taseer Muhammad ,&nbsp;Mahdi Pourtadayyon","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concerning the high energy loss associated with benchmark gas turbine cycles and relative irreversibility, research on how this drawback can be controlled and managed for long-term sustainability, enhanced performance, and declined emissions of greenhouse gases is essential. In this context, a novel multi-level thermal recovery method is designed and introduced for a gas turbine cycle, aimed at simultaneously yielding electricity, hot and chilled water, hydrogen, and desalinated water. The planned setup encompasses an ammonia Rankine cycle, an organic Rankine cycle, an absorption chiller, a desalination unit, and a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, resulting in reduced irreversibility and emissions. The system's capability is examined concerning exergy, energy, environmental, and economic aspects using Aspen HYSYS software. Furthermore, a comparative study is conducted between different optimization scenarios. According to the attained outcomes, maximizing vapor production requires a reduction in seawater flow. Additionally, increasing the seawater flow rate is ineffective in the proposed process, as vapor from the desalination unit drives heat transfer. Regarding the optimizations conducted, the most suitable exergy efficiency is found to be 39.27 %, which corresponds to the exergy-power scenario. Moreover, the optimal net electric power, and cooling and heating loads are calculated at 18,255 kW, 4383 kW, and 15,280 kW, respectively; thus, the optimal energy efficiency is 74.51 %. From economic and environmental perspectives, the optimal cost of energy and CO₂ footprint are 0.76 $/kWh and 0.255 kg/kWh, correspondingly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"597 ","pages":"Article 118323"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remediation of crude oil contaminated oily wastewater using nanostructured ZnO-decorated ceramic membrane: Membrane fouling and their mitigation using photo-catalytic self-cleaning process","authors":"Umair Baig ,&nbsp;M.F. Al-Kuhaili ,&nbsp;M.A. Dastageer","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In membrane-based oil water separation, the fouling of oil on the membrane pores due to the adsorption of oily feed components (crude oil) is a major disadvantage. In order to address the problem of membrane fouling, in this work, the filtration membrane itself was coated with a photoactive semiconducting material to self-clean the fouled membrane by photo-catalytic degradation. In addition to the self-cleaning, the other major functionality of the coating is to render a favorable surface wettability, conducive for water passing oil water separation. The basic membrane is porous alumina (Al₂O₃) substrate, on which a layer of crystalline Zinc Oxide (ZnO) thin film was coated by single step RF magnetron sputtering. The fabricated membrane is super-hydrophilic in the air and super-oleophobic underwater, and this contrasting wettability is crucial for the water passing oil water separation. The advantage of preferentially water passing membrane is that the oil clogging on the membrane surface is less than that of the oil passing membrane. However, after prolonged use with crude oil-contaminated feed, the accumulation of organic pollutants on the membrane surface hinders the smooth permeation of water through the membrane. The oil water filtration system involves cross flow through the ZnO-deposited Al₂O₃ membrane with the application of trans-membrane pressure. The membrane achieved an excellent separation efficiency (99.66 %) of oil and water from the oil emulsified water, and high permeates flux (908.4 L/m².h.bar) for 200 ppm crude oil contaminated oily feed (surfactant stabilized crude oil-in-water emulsion). After a prolonged use of 540 min, the permeate flux declined due to the accumulation of organic pollutants present in the oily water. The original flux was restored by initiating photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants by the exposure of UV radiation on the used membrane surface. The ZnO-deposited Al₂O₃ membrane shows an excellent light induced photocatalytic self-cleaning and antifouling with flux recovery ratio of around 88 %. In addition to this application, this manuscript also presents the morphological, elemental, structural, and topological characterizations of coated membrane.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"597 ","pages":"Article 118333"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From comparison to integration: Enhancing forward osmosis performance prediction with mathematical and RBF neural network models","authors":"Mita Nurhayati ,&nbsp;Kwanho Jeong ,&nbsp;Sangsik Kim ,&nbsp;Jongkwan Park ,&nbsp;Kyung Hwa Cho ,&nbsp;Ho Kyong Shon ,&nbsp;Sungyun Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reliable prediction of forward osmosis (FO) performance requires advanced models that can handle the complex, nonlinear interactions within operational conditions. This study developed, compared, and integrated mathematical and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) models to predict the performance of pilot-scale plate-and-frame FO system. RBFNN demonstrates strong generalization capabilities for capturing nonlinear relationships, making it particularly effective in noisy experimental environments typical of FO applications. Both models demonstrated high accuracy within the experimental data ranges (R² &gt; 0.97). The mathematical model provided consistent predictions and insights into internal module dynamics, while the RBFNN exhibited high computational efficiency. However, the RBFNN showed limitations in predicting recovery accuracy for operational ranges with insufficient data. To address this, we introduced a data distance index to assess the reliability of RBFNN predictions, particularly in extrapolation scenarios. We then integrated the approaches using the mathematical model for data imputation to expand the RBFNN's training dataset. The integrated model, retrained with augmented data, achieved an R² of 0.9920 and an RMSE of 0.3414 LMH for water flux prediction. This approach not only provides more reliable predictions but also enhances the understanding of key FO performance parameters through Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis. This synergistic method facilitates efficient FO system design and operation by optimizing process parameters under diverse conditions. The current study highlights the effectiveness of combining physics-based modeling with machine learning in membrane technology, improving the robustness of predictive tools for water treatment applications. Furthermore, the data distance index offers significant implications for evaluating prediction reliability in other processes with limited training data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"597 ","pages":"Article 118322"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel nanofiltration-reverse osmosis-high pressure nanofiltration membrane brine concentration (NF-RO-HPNF MBC) system for producing high purity high concentration sodium chloride brine from seawater","authors":"Abdallatif Satti Abdalrhman ,&nbsp;Seungwon Ihm ,&nbsp;Eslam S.B. Alwaznani ,&nbsp;Christopher M. Fellows ,&nbsp;Sheng Li ,&nbsp;Sangho Lee ,&nbsp;Ahmed S. Al-Amoudi ,&nbsp;A. Mohammed Farooque ,&nbsp;Nikolay Voutchkov","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118308","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118308","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A pilot-scale study of a nanofiltration (NF) - reverse osmosis (RO) - membrane brine concentration (MBC) system was carried out using novel NF membranes for the NF and MBC systems. Two commercially available NF membranes with high magnesium rejection ability were tested for the removal of divalent ions from seawater. These membranes exhibited 81–87 % rejection of Ca and 95–97 % rejection of Mg at an 85 % recovery rate, resulting in a 4.3–5.3 times higher concentration of Ca and 5.4–6.7 times higher concentration of Mg in the NF reject than in the feed. Accordingly, the NF permeate had a high NaCl/TDS index of 96.7–97.8 %, facilitating the downstream production of high-purity NaCl salt. The potential of using NF membranes for brine concentration was investigated, and it was found that if a NF membrane could be operated at 75 bar, the NaCl solution could be concentrated to over 230 g/L. A pilot-scale trial was carried out on a 3-stage high pressure NF (HPNF) system, which achieved a concentration of 220 g/L from 78 g/L SWRO brine and 80 days of continuous operation. At a higher operating pressure, the system successfully concentrated the brine to 251 g/L as designed. The specific power consumption of the industrial 3-stage HPNF MBC system was estimated to be 111.0–123.3 kWh/t NaCl while concentrating from 75 g/L to 225 g/L and producing diluted steam at 43 g/L. This demonstrates competitiveness with conventional concentration methods such as thermal evaporation and electrodialysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"597 ","pages":"Article 118308"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Durable TiO2@Cu-alginate hydrogel membrane with rapid in-situ cleaning for high-performance dye desalination applications","authors":"Zhihui Chen ,&nbsp;Mengfan Hou ,&nbsp;Chuhao Zhang ,&nbsp;Zijie Lu ,&nbsp;Kongyin Zhao ,&nbsp;Min Chen ,&nbsp;Ligang Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanofiltration (NF) membrane filtration has garnered significant attention for the desalination of high-value-added molecules due to its exceptional selective separation performance. In this study, CuCaAlg/TiO₂ membranes were synthesized by physically incorporating nanoparticles into the natural alginate polymer network through dual cross-linking. The synthesis process was rapid, straightforward, and environmentally friendly, with no organic waste discharge. The interaction between rigid inorganic nanofillers and polymer networks not only enhances the mechanical strength of the hydrogel but also modulates the degree of topological defects within the membrane structure. This modulation facilitates overcoming the selective separation-permeation trade-off effect in the separation process. The resulting membrane exhibited outstanding dye/salt separation performance, including high permeability and efficient dye/salt selectivity separation. Additionally, the membrane demonstrated excellent hydrophilicity, swelling resistance, and anti-fouling properties. Furthermore, combined with a simple cleaning strategy (UV-H₂O₂-cross flow filtration), this composite functional membrane enabled rapid in-situ cleaning in high-concentration dye application scenarios. Such cleaning procedures contribute to maintaining the stability of the hydrogel membrane during dye desalination and separation applications. We anticipate that this composite membrane holds great promise for resource treatment of dye wastewater across various scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"595 ","pages":"Article 118329"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced operating voltage and desalination performance using ionic liquids as electrolyte for flow electrode capacitive deionisation","authors":"Yuzhen Hou ,&nbsp;Baoshou Shen ,&nbsp;Zhongming Guo ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flow-electrode capacitive deionisation (FCDI) technology is a promising approach for desalinating brackish water. Selecting the electrolyte with a high voltage window is essential for improving the FCDI performance. In this study, ionic liquids were used for the first time as a new electrolyte for FCDI systems. The water-desalting efficiency was selected as the evaluation index, and single-factor experiments were conducted on the activated carbon content of electrode slurry, brine flow rate, initial brine concentration, and electrolyte volume ratio, respectively. Box-Behnken design response surface experiments were used and models were constructed to analyse the desalting results of the single factor influence and interaction effects for the aqueous and ionic liquid systems respectively, to determine further the key influencing factors and optimal conditions for the brine desalination in the FCDI system. The results showed that the brine flow rate was the most significant factor affecting the desalination efficiency of the aqueous and ionic liquid FCDI systems (p &lt; 0.0001). The optimal process conditions for the ionic liquid system fitted by the model were as follows: 6.6 wt% activated carbon content in the electrode slurry, a brine flow rate of 45 mL/min, an initial brine concentration of 1 g/L, and an electrolyte ratio of <em>N</em>, <em>N</em>-Dimethylformamide/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate = 3. The desalination effect of FCDI under the above optimal process conditions was up to 99.739% at a voltage of 3.5 V, and the water-desalting efficiency was still maintained at over 95% after 20 cycles. Compared with the aqueous electrolyte, using ionic liquid electrolytes significantly improves the desalination rate and cycling stability, and this study provides new ideas and methods for developing and applying high-performance electrolytes in FCDI systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"597 ","pages":"Article 118326"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stacked solar distiller using water to storage heat for high-temperature evaporation","authors":"Haiying Cheng,&nbsp;Ziyi Zhong,&nbsp;Shen Liang,&nbsp;Hongfei Zheng,&nbsp;Yanjie Zheng,&nbsp;Xinglong Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar stills can produce freshwater with low or even no carbonization to alleviate the problem of freshwater resource scarcity. However solar distiller's operation period is limited by the intermittence of solar energy, and the Gained-output ratio (<em>GOR</em>) is determined by operation temperature. To further develop efficient solar distillers, this paper investigates a stacked solar distiller with high evaporation temperature, utilizing water to storage heat. A mathematical model of a triple-stacked solar distiller (TSD) was established to describe the internal heat and mass transfer processes. Then an experimental device was built. The experiments under steady-heating and outdoor solar-heating have been conducted. The steady-heating testing results show that, when the evaporation temperature of TSD reaches 79.9 °C, the <em>GOR</em> reaches 2.00. The theoretical model can accurately predict the operating parameters of the distiller, with the deviation of the theoretical temperature from the experimental value within 0.9 °C and the <em>GOR</em> deviation ranging from 2.2 % to 21.0 %, under steady-heating testing. The outdoor testing results show that, at an average daily irradiance of 606 W/m², the maximum evaporation temperature is above 90.0 °C, achieving a water yield rate of 2.53 kg/(h·m²) and the maximum instant <em>GOR</em> of system closing to 2.23. Combined with nighttime water yield attributing to heating storage, a water yield of 28.00 kg/(d·m²) can be achieved. This research may provide a good scheme for the scenario of small-scale distributed solar desalination demands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"595 ","pages":"Article 118328"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}