Organic Electronics最新文献

Digital organic memristor based on P3HT doped with organic small molecules TmPyPB/ TpPyPB 基于P3HT掺杂有机小分子TmPyPB/ TpPyPB的数字有机忆阻器

IF 2.7 4区工程技术

Organic Electronics Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107281

Xuechen Wang , Wei Li , Jinjin Zhao , Fuquan Wang , Lei Fan , Zixun Chen , Ping Wang , Yujia Zhai , Zhixiang Gao , Wenshan Qu , Hua Wang , Bin Wei

{"title":"Digital organic memristor based on P3HT doped with organic small molecules TmPyPB/ TpPyPB","authors":"Xuechen Wang , Wei Li , Jinjin Zhao , Fuquan Wang , Lei Fan , Zixun Chen , Ping Wang , Yujia Zhai , Zhixiang Gao , Wenshan Qu , Hua Wang , Bin Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digital organic memristors have potential in the field of data storage technology due to their advantages of superintegration, simple preparation process, flexibility and low power consumption. However, it's difficult to achieve low operating voltages while maintaining strong endurance. We fabricated digital organic memristors based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) doped with 1,3,5-tri(m-pyridin-3-yl-phenyl) benzene (TmPyPB) or 1,3,5-tris(p-pyridin-3-yl-phenyl) benzene (TpPyPB), which achieve both strong endurance and low operating voltages. The device exhibits a current on/off ratio (<em>I</em><sub><em>on/off</em></sub>) of 10<sup>4</sup>, long retention time of 10<sup>4</sup> s, strong endurance of 250 cycles, and response time of 500 ms. Their set voltage (<em>V</em><sub><em>set</em></sub>) and reset voltage (<em>V</em><sub><em>reset</em></sub>) were frozen in 1.85 V and −2.69 V, respectively. The resistive switching mechanism was the trapping and detrapping process of charge trap induced by TmPyPB or TpPyPB. In addition, we constructed a 10 × 10 memristor array, realized alphabetic information storage and basic logic operations, demonstrate the device has good reliability, current stability, and uniform performance. This study provides an effective solution for realizing digital organic memristors with high durability and low operating voltage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding of charge transport and non-linear optical responses into π-extended Carbo[n]Helicenes for organic optoelectronic applications 有机光电应用中π扩展碳[n]螺旋烯的电荷输运和非线性光学响应的认识

IF 2.7 4区工程技术

Organic Electronics Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107279

Vipin Kumar , Simplice Koudjina , Guy Y.S. Atohoun , Prabhakar Chetti

{"title":"Understanding of charge transport and non-linear optical responses into π-extended Carbo[n]Helicenes for organic optoelectronic applications","authors":"Vipin Kumar , Simplice Koudjina , Guy Y.S. Atohoun , Prabhakar Chetti","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aims of this study is to investigate the charge transport and Non-Linear Optical (NLO) responses of Chen and Shen (2017), Xiao et al. (2021), Hoffmann (2014), Liégeois and Champagne (2012), Zou et al. (2021) and Wang et al. (2019) [7,9,11,13,15,17]<strong>Helicenes</strong>. The computational framework DFT/B3LYP/6-311G (d,p) methodology ties the highlights to the computational framework in analyzing the optoelectronic properties and NLO parameters of the Helicenes series. The TD-DFT calculations with same level are utilized to mimic the absorption properties from ground to excited state. The numerical ranges for absorption maxima (370–465 nm) and energy gaps (<span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mo>Δ</mo><mi>E</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>) are clearly stated, offering precise insight into the benzene rings chiroptical succession. Ionization potential (I.P.), electron affinity (E.A.), reorganization energies (λ), frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) and Nucleus Independent Chemical Shift (NICS) are evaluated for the reported Helicenes. The calculated λ<sub>h</sub> and λ<sub>e</sub> decreases with increasing helicene size and ranges from 236 to 101 meV and 247-213 meV, respectively. The static and dynamic first and second hyperpolarizabilities connects the charge transport properties (λ<sub>h</sub> < λ<sub>e</sub>) to the potential NLO optical responses. Hyperpolarizabilities in the order of 10<sup>−24</sup> to 10<sup>−31</sup> esu, suggest these Carbo [n]Helicenes as promising candidates for advanced NLO materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144146783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on the multiplication mechanism of single-carrier transport-based multiplication-type organic photodetector 基于单载流子输运的倍增型有机光电探测器倍增机理研究

IF 2.7 4区工程技术

Organic Electronics Pub Date : 2025-05-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107276

Xiaogang Chen , Aohuan Shi , Kailiang Bai , Wenshu Chen , Yi Long , Yao Li , Feiping Lu

{"title":"Research on the multiplication mechanism of single-carrier transport-based multiplication-type organic photodetector","authors":"Xiaogang Chen , Aohuan Shi , Kailiang Bai , Wenshu Chen , Yi Long , Yao Li , Feiping Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multiplication-type organic photodetectors exhibit advantages such as high gain, broad spectral response, flexibility, and low cost, making them promising candidates for applications in weak light detection, biomedical imaging, wearable devices, and optical communication. To explore the multiplication mechanism of single-carrier-transport-based multiplication-type organic photodetectors, this study has fabricated electron trap-type organic photodetectors with a structure of ITO/PEDOT: PSS/Active-layer/Al using the solution spin-coating method, and the active layers(ACL) were composed of binary blends of classical systems of P3HT:PC<sub>61</sub>BM (100:1, wt/wt), PBDB-T: ITIC (100:1, wt/wt), or PTB7:PC<sub>71</sub>BM (100:1, wt/wt). The absorption spectra of the active layers and the external quantum efficiency of the devices were measured, and the light intensity distribution and the distribution of photogenerated charge carriers in the devices were simulated and calculated. By comparing the absorption spectra of the active layers, the external quantum efficiency of the devices, and the distribution curve of photo-generated electrons near the Al electrode, it can be concluded that the multiplication effect in the single-carrier-transport-based multiplication-type organic photodetector is explained by the quantum tunneling injection of holes into the external circuit, which is induced by charge trapped by the interface trap near the aluminum electrode. This study provides valuable insights into the multiplication mechanism of multiplication-type organic photodetectors, offering a theoretical basis for the development and fabrication of high-performance multiplication-type organic photodetectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interface modification by sulfonamide for high-efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells 磺胺改性高效稳定钙钛矿太阳能电池的界面研究

IF 2.7 4区工程技术

Organic Electronics Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107278

YanChao Xu , Xingchong Liu , Yongshan Peng , Tanggui He , Anmin Tang , Haimin Li , Hanyu Wang

{"title":"Interface modification by sulfonamide for high-efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells","authors":"YanChao Xu , Xingchong Liu , Yongshan Peng , Tanggui He , Anmin Tang , Haimin Li , Hanyu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tin dioxide (SnO<sub>2</sub>) is a promising material for the electron transport layer in n-i-p perovskite solar cells, but its performance is limited by internal defects and band misalignment with the perovskite layer. In this study, para-hydroxybenzenesulfonamide (PCBS) was used to modify the buried interface between SnO<sub>2</sub> and perovskite. The -COOH and S=O groups in PCBS passivate the -OH and Sn in SnO<sub>2</sub>, respectively. Meanwhile, the -NH<sub>2</sub> group passivates the excess Pb<sup>2+</sup> within the perovskite film. The PCBS modification enhances the hydrophobicity of the SnO<sub>2</sub> surface, promoting the growth of high-quality, large-grain perovskite films, thereby significantly suppressing non-radiative recombination in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Moreover, the PCBS modification introduces better energy-level alignment between the SnO<sub>2</sub> and perovskite layers, enabling more efficient electron extraction. Finally, the PCBS interface enhanced the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs to 21.47 %. After 1440 h of storage in a N<sub>2</sub> atmosphere, the unencapsulated PSCs with interface alteration kept 93.9 % of their original value. These results indicate that burying the perovskite layer with PCBS is a promising strategy to improve the performance of PSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extraction method of trap states dynamics parameters for organic photodetectors based on transient laser response 基于瞬态激光响应的有机光电探测器阱态动力学参数提取方法

IF 2.7 4区工程技术

Organic Electronics Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107275

Sai Liu, Jiajie Liu, Ruipeng Chen, Miao Xu, Lei Wang, Weijing Wu, Junbiao Peng

引用次数: 0

Electrochromic supercapacitor electrodes based on viologen-derived cross-linked thin films 基于紫堇衍生交联薄膜的电致变色超级电容器电极

IF 2.7 4区工程技术

Organic Electronics Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107273

Sude Uluçay , Neul Gyum Ha , Arzu Kortun , Sinem Altınışık , Selin Pıravadılı , Jin Han Kwon , Hong Chul Moon , Sermet Koyuncu

{"title":"Electrochromic supercapacitor electrodes based on viologen-derived cross-linked thin films","authors":"Sude Uluçay , Neul Gyum Ha , Arzu Kortun , Sinem Altınışık , Selin Pıravadılı , Jin Han Kwon , Hong Chul Moon , Sermet Koyuncu","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Viologens are an important class of materials in organic electrochromic technology due to their n-type semiconductor properties and the high color intensity in their radical cation state. Due to their charged structures, viologens are generally ideal molecules for gel-based organic electrochromic devices, but with specific modifications, they can also be employed in thin-film-based electrochromic devices (ECDs). In this study, crosslinking reactions of viologen-based molecules (ALV-X) with various allyl group-containing counterions were conducted on ITO/Glass surfaces in the presence of a tetra-thiol-based crosslinker. The surface roughness of the resulting films varied from 4.64 nm to 8.46 nm depending on the counterion exchange. Electrochemical characterizations of the prepared viologen-based crosslinked electrodes indicated that the LUMO energy levels ranged between −4.267 eV and −4.297 eV. Viologen-based cross-linked thin films with transmittance changes close to 30 % in the visible region, 50 % in the UV region and 20 % in the NIR region with specific capacitances of 0.25 mF cm<sup>−2</sup> have been found to be highly suitable materials, especially as cathodic layers in electrochromic/supercapacitor devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kinetics of photogenerated carbon dangling bonds in organic photovoltaic thin Films: An EPR study 有机光伏薄膜中光生碳悬空键动力学：EPR研究

IF 2.7 4区工程技术

Organic Electronics Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107269

Raghunandan B. Iyer , Maurissa Higgins , Katelyn Noack , Joshua Wolanyk , Matthew Dygert , Sarah Cady , Erik Dykstra , Rana Biswas , Ruth Shinar , Joseph Shinar

{"title":"Kinetics of photogenerated carbon dangling bonds in organic photovoltaic thin Films: An EPR study","authors":"Raghunandan B. Iyer , Maurissa Higgins , Katelyn Noack , Joshua Wolanyk , Matthew Dygert , Sarah Cady , Erik Dykstra , Rana Biswas , Ruth Shinar , Joseph Shinar","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report an investigation of the early kinetics of photogenerated carbon dangling bond (CDB) formation and annealing in organic photovoltaic bulk heterojunction (BHJ) thin film blends under oxygen- and moisture-free conditions, using X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The study focuses on donor:acceptor BHJ blends of PCE12:PCBM and PCE12:ITIC films, where PCE12 is PBDB-T. The time evolution of CDBs in such drop-cast BHJ films irradiated at 300 nm is monitored. The early kinetics of CDB formation, critical for understanding OPV degradation mechanisms, is studied. Theoretical analysis of the defect growth mechanism suggests a monomolecular defect creation model where the defect count follows a power-law <em>t</em> <sup><em>β</em></sup> with irradiation time <em>t</em>, where <em>β</em> ∼ 0.55–0.58, in excellent agreement with the theoretically expected value of <em>β</em> = 1/2. This model is compatible with CDB formation by the holes in donor sites adjacent to acceptors, likely assisted by energy released from quenching of nearby excitons by the holes, elucidating the physical mechanism underlying CDB formation. This is significant for designing improved materials, which mitigate defect creation, and consequently advancing the development of stable OPV systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determination of exciton diffusion lengths potentially free from electrodes and charge related inaccuracies 可能不受电极影响的激子扩散长度的测定和与电荷有关的误差

IF 2.7 4区工程技术

Organic Electronics Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107274

Yingquan Peng , Qinyong Dai , Nan Chen , Wenli Lv , Lei Sun , Sunan Xu , Ying Wang

{"title":"Determination of exciton diffusion lengths potentially free from electrodes and charge related inaccuracies","authors":"Yingquan Peng , Qinyong Dai , Nan Chen , Wenli Lv , Lei Sun , Sunan Xu , Ying Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exciton diffusion length is one of the key parameters of an organic semiconductor thin film, and plays an important role in optimizing the performance of organic optoelectronic devices. By the existing photoelectronic methods for measuring the exciton diffusion length, vertical diode structure is used, which may lead to inaccuracies resulting from the electrode and charge related effects, such as enhanced quenching of excitons near the metal/organic interface and annihilation of excitons via charge-exciton interaction. Herein we propose a novel method for measuring the exciton diffusion length by incorporating the testing organic film into an organic phototransistor. In the device sample, the testing organic film is free from electrode contact and electric filed, enabling measurement free from errors related to the effects of metal electrodes. More importantly, in our method the generation and diffusion of excitons is fully isolated from photocarrier transport, eliminating the error associated with charge-exciton interactions. For demonstration, the exciton diffusion length of tin phthalocyanine (SnPc) thin film was determined to be 14.03 ± 2.76 nm, which is in good agreement with that reported in literatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydroxyethyl cellulose passivation for high-efficiency pure-red perovskite light-emitting diodes 高效纯红色钙钛矿发光二极管用羟乙基纤维素钝化

IF 2.7 4区工程技术

Organic Electronics Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107272

Baoxiang Chai , Qiaoli Niu , Junhao Xiong , Jun Yang , Yuqing Chen , Wenjin Zeng , Xinwen Peng , Tao Yang , Ruidong Xia

{"title":"Hydroxyethyl cellulose passivation for high-efficiency pure-red perovskite light-emitting diodes","authors":"Baoxiang Chai , Qiaoli Niu , Junhao Xiong , Jun Yang , Yuqing Chen , Wenjin Zeng , Xinwen Peng , Tao Yang , Ruidong Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have exhibited tremendous potential for commercial applications in the fields of displays, lighting, and information technology. For achieving pure red electroluminescence, quasi-two-dimensional (Q-2D) perovskite based on Br/I mixed halides has been commonly used. However, during the in-situ crystallization process of perovskite films via low-temperature solution methods, the complexity of coordination among various ions leads to the presence of uncoordinated ions, resulting in numerous defects in the perovskite films. These defects significantly impact the performance and stability of PeLEDs. In this work, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) was incorporated into the hole transport layer (HTL) to passivate the defects in perovskite films. Experimental results showed that the hydroxyl groups in HEC interacted with Pb<sup>2+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>/PEA<sup>+</sup> ions in the perovskite, contributing to the passivation of defects. Simultaneously, the addition of HEC inhibited the low-dimensional phases (n = 1, 2) and enhanced the high-dimensional phase (n = 3) in the Q-2D perovskite films. The optimized distribution of n phases was favorable for the radiative recombination. After the introduction of HEC, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of pure red PeLEDs at 636 nm showed a significant improvement compared to the control device, from 5.31 % to 6.82 %. This strategy provides an excellent alterative to improve the electroluminescent efficiency of red PeLEDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with extended operational lifetime through hole transport layer management 通过空穴传输层管理延长使用寿命的蓝色磷光有机发光二极管

IF 2.7 4区工程技术

Organic Electronics Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107263

KangMun Lee , Jong-Kwan Bin

{"title":"Blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with extended operational lifetime through hole transport layer management","authors":"KangMun Lee , Jong-Kwan Bin","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving higher efficiency and a longer operational lifetime is equally important yet remains a daunting task in the domain of blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs). Optimizing an appropriate hole transport layer (HTL) has proven to be a potential approach for improving the performance of blue PhOLED. In the present work, we investigated a spiro-bifluorene-based <strong>SFAF</strong> HTL to develop blue PhOLEDs with high efficiency and extended operational lifetime. The spiro-bifluorene unit imparts enhanced thermal stability to the <strong>SFAF</strong> molecular structure. Further, careful management of the thickness of <strong>SFAF</strong> HTL fosters a charge balance in the emitting layer and subsequently strengthens the performance of the fabricated devices. The fabricated devices emit in the blue region, achieving an EQE<sub>max</sub> nearing 20 %, and demonstrated excellent resistance to efficiency roll-off at higher luminance. Interestingly, the operational lifetime up to 95 % of the initial luminance (LT<sub>95</sub>) of the <strong>SFAF</strong> devices measured at 1000 cd/m<sup>2</sup> brightness was more than double compared to that of the reference device fabricated using <strong>BCFN</strong> as HTL, which has a structure similar to the <strong>SFAF</strong> without the spiro group. The study suggests that the spiro-bifluorene-based HTLs can be excellent candidates for developing blue phosphorescent OLEDs with higher efficiency and longer operational lifetime.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 107263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143946622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0