Organic Electronics最新文献

{"title":"A rapid UV/Vis assisted designing of benzodithiophene based polymers by machine learning to predict their light absorption for photovoltaics","authors":"Abrar U. Hassan ,&nbsp;Cihat Güleryüz ,&nbsp;Sajjad H. Sumrra ,&nbsp;Sadaf Noreen ,&nbsp;Mohamed H.H. Mahmoud","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As global energy demands escalate, developing high-performance photovoltaic (PV) materials through accelerated design methodologies is imperative. A machine learning (ML) assisted predictive models are used to accelerate the design of benzodithiophene (BDT)-based polymers for their PV applications. The current approach leverages a curated dataset of 191 compounds with experimental UV–Vis spectra, mapped to molecular electronic descriptors via RDKit. Random Forest modeling yields a predictive framework (R² = 0.98) for predicting their maximum absorption (<em>λ</em>_max). After it, their 5000 new designs as novel polymers, identifying top performers with Synthetic Accessibility Likelihood Index scores up to 57, ensuring synthesis feasibility have also been designed. Feature importance analysis highlights MaxPartialCharge and Aromatic rings as crucial descriptors. The designed materials exhibit optimal energy gaps (1.35–2.0 eV), paving the way for efficient PV devices. The computed UV–Vis spectra of best predicted polymers are studied with their <em>λ</em>_max range of 487–987 nm showing a significant redshift behavior. The designed polymers presents and good potential towards and they can be good candidates for organic solar cell applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 107227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developed non-fullerene acceptors with modified BTPT-OD donor core: A DFT and TD-DFT methods to boost organic solar cell performances","authors":"Walid Taouali ,&nbsp;Amel Azazi ,&nbsp;Rym Hassani ,&nbsp;Entesar H. EL-Araby ,&nbsp;Kamel Alimi","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent (TD) DFT were employed in order to conduct electronic structure predictions of four novel non-fullerene acceptors (NF2-NF5) generated from the recently synthesized acceptor BTPT-OD (NF1). We provided detailed information about charge transfer and optoelectronic properties of tailored structures, and we compared them to the reference compound. Compared to the energy gap of the reference molecule (2.09 eV), all developed molecules showed a smaller energy gap (2.00–2.08 eV). The created molecules, NF3 and NF4, exhibit high dipole moments of 8.902 D and 6.988 D, respectively, which may enhance the charge transfer rate. Maximum absorption of NF3-NF5 compounds (<em>λ</em>_max, 686.7–694.6 nm) revealed a red shift in absorption as compared to the primary molecule NF1 (<em>λ</em>_max = 676.9 nm). Based on the earlier research (J. Comput. Chem. 2023, 44, 2130–2148), we employed the recently modified Scharber plot to highlight the role of a narrower electronic gap in the proposed non-fullerene acceptors to enhance the power conversion efficiency. Among all tailored molecules, NF3 showed enhanced photovoltaic parameters; it exhibits a short circuit current density of J_sc = 11.34 mA/cm², an open circuit voltage of V_OC = 1.09 V, and a power conversion efficiency of PCE = 5.35 %, while reference molecule photovoltaic parameters are J_sc = 09.43 mA/cm², V_OC = 1.03 V, and PCE = 4.21 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 107226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compact model for threshold voltage of organic thin film transistors","authors":"Liang Yin,&nbsp;Jiaye Shen,&nbsp;Nianduan Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compact model of threshold voltage plays an important role in circuit design, material screening, and device analysis for organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs). In this work, by using the variable range hopping theory and the concept of transport energy, a novel compact model for the threshold voltage of organic thin film transistor has proposed. Based on the presented model, the varieties of temperature, channel length and drain voltage dependence of threshold voltage can be well described. Good agreement between the model and experimental data is demonstrated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 107222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust universal bipolar host materials with thermally activated delayed fluorescence for high-performance OLEDs","authors":"Ruiqi Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaobin Dong ,&nbsp;Maoxing Yu ,&nbsp;Zeyan Zhuang ,&nbsp;Ben Zhong Tang ,&nbsp;Zujin Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Robust host materials play a critical role in improving efficiency and stability for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). To address the challenges of exciton quenching and imbalanced charge transport in traditional unipolar host systems, herein, we design two V-shaped bipolar host materials, <em>v</em>-CzTRZ and <em>v</em>-InCzTRZ, consisting of a carbazole (Cz)/7,7-dimethyl-5,7-dihydroindeno[2,1-<em>b</em>]carbazole (InCz) donor, a triazine (TRZ) acceptor and a <em>o</em>-terphenyl bridge. Their thermal stability, electrochemical properties, electrical structures, optical characteristics, charge transport capabilities, and applicability as host materials are systematically investigated. <em>v</em>-InCzTRZ exhibits pronounced thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) property and superior charge transport ability, rendering it an efficient and versatile host material for a wide range of luminescent materials, including noble metal-containing phosphors, and purely organic classical TADF and multi-resonance (MR) TADF emitters. The OLED using <em>v</em>-InCzTRZ as host for phosphorescent Ir(tptpy)₂acac exhibits an excellent maximum external quantum efficiency (<em>η</em>_ext,max) of 37.24 % and an ultrahigh luminance of 248500 cd m⁻² with a minimal efficiency roll-off of only 2.8 % at 1000 cd m⁻² luminance. Besides, the OLED utilizing <em>v</em>-InCzTRZ as host for MR-TADF emitter of BN2 achieves an outstanding <em>η</em>_ext,max of 38.78 %, much better than those using common host materials. These results demonstrate the high potential of V-shaped bipolar hosts for high-performance OLEDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 107223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143478575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel near-unity 0D organic-inorganic copper-based halide TEA2Cu2Br4 for high-efficiency and stable ultraviolet photodetectors","authors":"Ruoyao Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Liu ,&nbsp;Zhuye Bi ,&nbsp;Xinyi Zhu ,&nbsp;Peizhou Li ,&nbsp;Xiangrong Cao ,&nbsp;Yulu Sun ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Xu ,&nbsp;Hebing Tang ,&nbsp;Jungang Wang ,&nbsp;Weilun Cai ,&nbsp;Daolei Mo ,&nbsp;Yunxuan Wang ,&nbsp;Jie Xu ,&nbsp;Yingzhuang Ma ,&nbsp;Hua Dong ,&nbsp;Fang Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-dimensional copper-based halides have attracted significant attention in the development of ultraviolet photodetectors (PDs) owing to their non-toxic nature, wide band gap, strong light absorption, and long carrier diffusion length. However, the performance of these devices has been constrained by the material's intrinsically low photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs), uneven grain size, and agglomeration. In this study, we synthesized a novel 0D copper-based halide [N(C₂H₅)₄]₂Cu₂Br₄ (TEA₂Cu₂Br₄) using a simple solution-based method and demonstrated high-performance ultraviolet PDs based on this material. TEA₂Cu₂Br₄ exhibits a unique dendritic structure with exceptionally long crystals and an outstanding PLQY approaching unity, reflecting a very low trap density and excellent stability. Moreover, the PD device based on TEA₂Cu₂Br₄ crystals achieved remarkably impressive responsivity (<em>R</em>) of 5.07 A/W, high detectivity (<em>D</em>∗) of 7.04 × 10¹² Jones, and fast response rates (<em>τ</em>_r of 11.52 ms and <em>τ</em>_f of 11.22 ms), demonstrating superior detection capabilities. Notably, the device maintains 90 % of its photocurrent output after 3000 h of aging without encapsulation, highlighting its exceptional stability. This work indicates TEA₂Cu₂Br₄ as an ideal active material for the development of high-performance and stable PDs, offering a promising pathway towards environmentally friendly optoelectronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 107215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Buckled stretchable organic light-emitting diode array with planar light-emitting pixels by strain engineering","authors":"Shi-Xin Jia,&nbsp;Da Yin,&nbsp;Hao-Yang Zhang,&nbsp;Su-Heng Li,&nbsp;Yue-Feng Liu,&nbsp;Jing Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stretchable organic light-emitting diodes (SOLEDs) based on buckled structures have been widely studied and offer broad application prospects in wearable electronics, deformable displays and electronic skin due to their high brightness and efficiency, large stretchability, and straightforward fabrication process. However, buckles are composed of a large number of wavy microstructures which bring large bending strain and uneven surface to the light-emitting regions. These negative factors increase the risk of device performance degradation, reduce the brightness uniformity, and distort the pixels. The negative effects are amplified by changes of the buckles’ morphology during stretching. In this paper, we solve these issues in buckled SOLEDs by strain engineering. Strain isolation islands are introduced into the flexible substrate to bear the compressive stress from the elastic tape and protect the light-emitting regions from forming buckles. As a result, a buckled SOLED array with planar light-emitting regions have been obtained. It shows a maximum one-dimensional (1D) stretchability of 50 % and a two-dimensional stretchability (2D) of 30 %. The pixels in the SOELD array exhibit efficient, stable and uniform electroluminescent (EL) performance. After 1000 times of cyclic stretching, the current efficiency, shape and area of each pixel in the array barely change, demonstrating the potential of the SOLEDs for stretchable display applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 107216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143478574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light-emitting electrochemical cells based on mechanochromic, thermally activated delayed fluorescence fish-shaped structures consisting of carbazole derivatives as emitters in the active layer","authors":"Marzieh Rabiei ,&nbsp;Raheleh Ghahary ,&nbsp;Mozhgan Hosseinnezhad ,&nbsp;Arvydas Palevicius ,&nbsp;Andrius Vilkauskas ,&nbsp;Giedrius Janusas ,&nbsp;Sohrab Nasiri ,&nbsp;Jean Michel Nunzi ,&nbsp;Juozas Padgurskas ,&nbsp;Raimundas Rukuiza","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study surveys the design and synthesis of fish-shaped structures based on carbazole derivatives for applications in light-emitting electrochemical cells (LEECs). Two thermally activated delayed fluorescent dyes (TADF) 5-(3,6-di-tert-butyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)-10-((3-methoxy-9H-carbazol-9-yl) phenyl) anthracene (dye 1) and 5-(phenoxazine)-10-((3-methoxy-9H-carbazol-9-yl) phenyl) anthracene (dye 2) were synthesized as emitters in the active layer by coupling reaction technique. Separation of the HOMO-LUMO distributions was observed when the HOMOs localized on the methoxycarbazole and phenoxazine derivatives, respectively, and the LUMO consistently localized on the anthracene derivative. The dye consisting of a tert-butyl carbazole derivative showed a lower the variation of singlet-triplet splitting (ΔE_ST) value of 0.04 eV than the other counterpart, and reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) dominated for both dyes. The crystalline dyes exhibited mechanochromic behavior when the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of the mechanically stimulated dyes was red-shifted. The space charge limited current (SCLC) technique proved that the dye consisting of a phenoxazine derivative had a higher carrier mobility of 6.14 × 10⁻⁴ for holes and 2.12 × 10⁻⁴ cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ for electrons in tandem. Based on the mechanochromic behavior of the dyes initially, the fabricated LEECs also exhibited mechanochromic feature, and the EL spectra of the flexible devices showed a red shift in the emission spectra after stretching. In addition, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of both flexible devices increased to 0.33 % after stretching. Furthermore, iridium complex [Ir(buoppy)₂(dmapzpy)]PF₆ is used as a promising host for the development of high-performance LEECs. Therefore, brightness and EQE values were increased to 6629 cd m⁻² and 7.13 %, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 107214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and application of dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]thiophene conjugated copolymer for organic field effect transistors and nitrogen dioxide sensors","authors":"Zichun Cong ,&nbsp;Lian Chen ,&nbsp;Ziqiang Hu ,&nbsp;Linyan Jia ,&nbsp;Qingfang Ma ,&nbsp;Qinghua Pan ,&nbsp;Chaowei Hao ,&nbsp;Jianhua Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to achieve high-performance gas sensors based on polymer field-effect transistors (FETs) for detecting super-low concentrations of NO₂ gas, a novel copolymer poly(2,6-bis(3-dodecylthio-2-thienyl)-dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]thiophene) (PDTT-TTSC12) was synthesized through direct arylation polycondensation by using the palladium-catalyzed C–H activation with the unsubstituted dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]thiophene and dibrominated 4,4-bis(dodecylmercapto)- 2,2-bidithiophene as polymerization precursors. The polymer PDTT-TTSC12 was used to construct OFETs by solution method and exhibits p-type characteristics with the hole mobility of 6.4 × 10⁻³ cm ²V⁻¹s⁻¹. The polymer-based OFETs were further used to detect the NO₂, and the sensors show strong sensing response and excellent selectivity for NO₂, with the ratio of current change (ΔI/I₀ (%)) as high as 57 % to 1000 ppb NO₂. And the ΔI/I₀ (%) can still maintain at 2.54 % and the relative sensitivity (RS) value reaches as high as 254 % ppm⁻¹ when the gas concentration drops to 10 ppb, which demonstrates that the limit of detection for NO₂ can be improved to ppb level by low-cost polymer-based OFETs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 107213"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of thermal effects on natural organic honey memristive thin film for resistive switching memory applications","authors":"Ying Zhi Seah ,&nbsp;Zoe Templin ,&nbsp;Zhigang Xiao ,&nbsp;Li Jiang ,&nbsp;Kuan Yew Cheong ,&nbsp;Feng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural organic honey as a potential memristive material for resistive switching random access memory (ReRAM) was investigated by evaluating the thermal effects on physical and chemical properties, surface morphology and roughness, and memory and synaptic behaviors of the dried honey film. Surface tension and surface adhesion of honey solutions which are critical for forming the uniform dried film were characterized by Goniometer on different honey concentrations from 0 % to 50 % by weight. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, optical microscope, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscope were applied to characterize honey films formed after drying the honey solutions at different baking temperatures and durations. Ag/honey/ITO ReRAM devices were fabricated from the dried honey films, and their memory and synaptic behaviors including resistive switching cycle, endurance, retention, and neural facilitation were compared. This study established a useful practice in optimizing the processing particularly critical drying conditions to form honey memristive films for sustainable resistive switching memory devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 107210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of structural modifications in donor-acceptor systems on homojunction organic solar cell photovoltaic properties","authors":"Daniel-Florin Bogoșel ,&nbsp;Gavril-Ionel Giurgi ,&nbsp;Alexandru Balan ,&nbsp;Alexandra Pop ,&nbsp;Ion Grosu ,&nbsp;Andreea Petronela Crișan ,&nbsp;Anamaria Terec","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the synthesis and characterization of novel donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) molecules specifically designed for inverted homojunction single-material organic solar cells (HOSCs). It explores how modifications in triarylamine-based donor groups and π-bridges impact the molecular organization, optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic characteristics of these molecules. By systematically modifying features like π-bridge length and donor unit strength, the research aims to improve power conversion efficiency (<em>PCE</em>) and overall device performance. While the <em>PCE</em> values are relatively modest, the findings highlight design strategies that balance simplicity, robustness, and cost-effectiveness, offering valuable insights for advancing HOSCs in organic photovoltaic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 107212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}