Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials最新文献

{"title":"Study on the lubrication behavior of tannic acid/ poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogel enhanced by protein adsorption for articular cartilage applications","authors":"Qi Li ,&nbsp;YanLi Gong ,&nbsp;Yingxin Li ,&nbsp;Sha Li ,&nbsp;WenLang Liang ,&nbsp;Y.X. Leng","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based hydrogels are widely regarded as ideal cartilage replacement materials because of their excellent properties. However, they have drawbacks such as high coefficient of friction (COF) and insufficient wear resistance. As important components of the synovial fluid, proteins are involved in counter-pairs and effect their tribological behavior via denaturation. Tannic acid (TA), which is rich in hydroxyl groups, can bind strongly proteins and change their conformation. In this study, the structure and lubrication performance of TA/PVA hydrogels in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) solutions were investigated. The results indicated that TA molecules enhanced the stiffness of the hydrogel by forming hydrogen bonds with PVA, reducing its COF in the PBS solution. In BSA solution, the tribological behavior of the PT hydrogels is altered by the BSA adsorbed at the hydrogel interface owing to the addition of TA. The COF of the PVA hydrogels with a TA content of 0.5 wt% is as low as 0.045, which was approximately 2.67 times lower than that of the PVA hydrogel under the same conditions. The benzene rings and hydroxyl groups in TA were connected to BSA molecules through hydrogen bonding, inducing a conformational change in the BSA from an α-helix structure to β-sheet structure, which further improves the lubricating properties of the hydrogel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 106825"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and numerical study of solid needle insertions into human stomach tissue","authors":"Sif Julie Friis ,&nbsp;Torben Stroem Hansen ,&nbsp;Camilla Olesen ,&nbsp;Mette Poulsen ,&nbsp;Hans Gregersen ,&nbsp;Jens Vinge Nygaard","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106832","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Oral drug delivery is the Holy Grail in the field of drug delivery. However, poor bioavailability limits the oral intake of macromolecular drugs. Oral devices may overcome this limitation, but a knowledge gap exists on the device-tissue interaction. This study focuses on needle insertion into the human stomach experimentally and numerically. This will guide early stages of device development.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Needle insertions were done into excised human gastric tissue with sharp and blunt needles at velocities of 0.0001 and 0.1 m/s. Parameters for constitutive models were determined from tensile visco-hyperelastic biomechanical tests. The computational setup modeled four different needle shape indentations at five velocities from 0.0001 to 5 m/s.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From experiments, peak forces at 0.1 and 0.0001 m/s were 0.995 ± 0.296 N and 1.281 ± 0.670 N (blunt needle) and 0.325 ± 0.235 N and 0.362 ± 0.119 N (sharp needle). The needle geometry significantly influenced peak forces (p &lt; 0.05). A Yeoh-Prony series combination was fitted to the tensile visco-hyperelastic biomechanical data and used for the numerical model with excellent fit (R² = 0.973). Both needle geometry and insertion velocity influenced the stress contour and displacement magnitudes as well as energy curves.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study contributes to a better understanding of needle insertion into the stomach wall. The numerical model demonstrated agreement with experimental data providing a good approach to early device iterations. Findings in this study showed that insertion velocity and needle shape affect tissue mechanical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 106832"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical testing of virtual meniscus implants made from a bi-phasic silk fibroin-based hydrogel and polyurethane via finite element analysis","authors":"A.C. Moser ,&nbsp;J. Fritz ,&nbsp;A. Kesselring ,&nbsp;F. Schüssler ,&nbsp;A. Otahal ,&nbsp;S. Nehrer","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the suitability of different material compositions and structural designs for 3D-printed meniscus implants using finite element analysis (FEA) to improve joint function after meniscal injury and guide future implant development.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>This experimental study involved in-silico testing of a meniscus model developed from two materials: a specially formulated hydrogel composed of silk fibroin (SF), gelatine, and decellularized meniscus-derived extracellular matrix (MD-dECM), and polyurethane (PU) with stiffness levels of 54 and 205 MPa. Both single-material implants and a two-volumetric meniscus model with an SF/gelatine/MD-dECM core and a PU shell were analysed using FEA to simulate the biomechanical performance under physiological conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The hydrogel alone was found to be unsuitable for long-term use due to instability in material properties beyond two weeks. PU 54 closely replicated the biomechanical properties of an intact meniscus, particularly in terms of contact pressure and stress distribution. However, hybrid implants combining PU 54 with hydrogel showed potential but required further optimization to reduce stress peaks. In contrast, implants with a PU 205 shell generated higher induced stresses, increasing the risk of material failure.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>FEA proves to be a valuable tool in the design and optimization of meniscal implants. The findings suggest that softer PU 54 is a promising material for mimicking natural meniscus properties, while stiffer materials may require design modifications to mitigate stress concentrations. These insights are crucial for refining implant designs and selecting appropriate material combinations before physical prototype production, potentially reducing costs, time, and the risk of implant failure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 106830"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of vertebral failure under general loadings of compression, flexion, extension, and side-bending","authors":"Mehran Fereydoonpour ,&nbsp;Asghar Rezaei ,&nbsp;Areonna Schreiber ,&nbsp;Lichun Lu ,&nbsp;Mariusz Ziejewski ,&nbsp;Ghodrat Karami","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bone pathologies such as osteoporosis and metastasis can significantly compromise the load-bearing capacity of the spinal column, increasing the risk of vertebral fractures, some of which may occur during routine physical activities. Currently, there is no clinical tool that accurately assesses the risk of vertebral fractures associated with these activities in osteoporotic and metastatic spines. In this paper, we develop and validate a quantitative computed tomography-based finite element analysis (QCT/FEA) method to predict vertebral fractures under general load conditions that simulate flexion, extension, and side-bending movements, reflecting the body's activities under various scenarios. Initially, QCT/FEA models of cadaveric spine cohorts were developed. The accuracy and verification of the methodology involved comparing the fracture force outcomes to those experimentally observed and measured under pure compression loading scenarios. The findings revealed a strong correlation between experimentally measured failure loads and those estimated computationally (R² = 0.96, p &lt; 0.001). For the selected vertebral specimens, we examined the effects of four distinct boundary conditions that replicate flexion, extension, left side-bending, and right side-bending loads. The results showed that spine bending load conditions led to over a 62% reduction in failure force outcomes compared to pure compression loading conditions (p ≤ 0.0143). The study also demonstrated asymmetrical strain distribution patterns when the loading condition shifted from pure compression to spine bending, resulting in larger strain values on one side of the bone and consequently reducing the failure load. The results of this study suggest that QCT/FEA can be effectively used to analyze various boundary conditions resembling real-world physical activities, providing a valuable tool for assessing vertebral fracture risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 106827"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142696314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative in silico analysis for patient-specific annuloplasty in bicuspid aortic valve regurgitation","authors":"Jiayi Ju ,&nbsp;Yunhan Cai ,&nbsp;Hao Gao ,&nbsp;Tianyang Yang ,&nbsp;Shengzhang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) patients are more predisposed to aortic regurgitation. Annuloplasty is a crucial therapeutic intervention, however, determining its ideal size remains a clinical challenge. This study aims to quantify the effects of varying annuloplasty sizes on treating BAV regurgitation, providing optimal size range for effective treatment while avoiding complications. Annuloplasty was simulated on a patient-specific BAV model using 19–27 mm diameter Hegar dilators to reduce the basal ring and elastic ring sutures to constrain it. Finite element simulation was performed to simulate BAV motion, followed by computational fluid dynamics simulation to obtain hemodynamic parameters at peak systole. Results show that as the basal ring size decreased, the leaflet coaptation area increased, accompanied by a reduction in maximum principal stress at the coaptation zone. However, the reduction in annuloplasty size significantly elevated the peak systolic flow velocity within the sinus, particularly near the basal ring, leading to a higher wall shear stress in the adjacent region. Moreover, an excessively small basal ring diameter induced a sharp increase in transvalvular pressure gradient. These findings suggest that the small-sized annuloplasty enhances BAV function and durability, whereas excessive ring reduction may aggravate mechanical burden on the aortic root, potentially resulting in long-term complications such as tissue damage and stenosis. Thus, these factors establish critical upper and lower limits for optimal annuloplasty sizing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 106829"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142696315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards improved functionality of mandibular reconstruction plates enabled by additively manufactured triply periodic minimal surface structures","authors":"Zaki Alomar ,&nbsp;Morteza Aramesh ,&nbsp;Andreas Thor ,&nbsp;Cecilia Persson ,&nbsp;Franco Concli ,&nbsp;Francesco D'Elia","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Additive manufacturing for fabrication of patient-specific oral and maxillofacial implants enables optimal fitting, significantly reducing surgery time and subsequent costs. However, it is still common to encounter hardware- or biological-related complications, specifically when radiation treatment is involved. For mandibular reconstruction plates, irradiated patients often experience plate loosening and subsequent plate exposure due to a decrease in the vascularity of the irradiated tissues. We hypothesize that an acceleration of the bone ingrowth prior to radiation treatment can increase the survival of such plates. In this work, a new design of a mandibular reconstruction plate is proposed to promote osseointegration, while providing the necessary mechanical support during healing. In this regard, six different Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) structures were manufactured using laser-powder bed fusion. Three-point bending and <em>in-vitro</em> cell viability tests were performed. Mechanical testing demonstrated the ability for all structures to safely withstand documented biting forces, with favorable applicability for the Gyroid structure due its lower flexural modulus. Finally, cell viability tests confirmed high cell proliferation rate and good cell adhesion to the surface for all TPMS structures. Overall, the new design concept shows potential as a viable option for plates with improved functionality and higher survival rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 106826"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the effect of displacement rate on the mechanical properties of denticulate ligaments through uniaxial tensile testing","authors":"Audrey Berriot ,&nbsp;Morgane Evin ,&nbsp;Karim Kerkouche ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Laroche ,&nbsp;Eva Gerard ,&nbsp;Eric Wagnac","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Denticulate ligaments play a key role in stabilizing the spinal cord (SC). Accurate representation of these structures in finite element modelling, whether in quasi-static or dynamic conditions, is essential for providing biofidelic responses. Therefore, understanding, characterizing and comparing the tensile mechanical properties of denticulate ligaments at different loading velocities is crucial. A total of 38 denticulate ligament samples at different cervical levels (anatomical levels from C1 to C7) were obtained from 3 fresh porcine SCs and 86 uniaxial tensile tests were performed immediately after dissection using an electro-mechanical testing system equipped with a 22 N loadcell. The mechanical tests included 10 cycles of preconditioning and a ramp with displacement rates of 0.1 mm s⁻¹, 1 mm s⁻¹ and 10 mm s⁻¹. Bilinear piecewise fitting and trilinear piecewise fitting were performed to determine the elastic modulus and maximum stress and strainof the samples. While no significant differences in the mechanical behavior of the denticulate ligaments were found across the different displacement rates, notable variations were found between spinal levels, with a significantly higher elastic modulus at the lower cervical levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 106824"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Customizable patterned membranes for cardiac tissue engineering: A model-assisted design method","authors":"Bertrand Guibert ,&nbsp;Aurelia Poerio ,&nbsp;Lisa Nicole ,&nbsp;Julia Budzinski ,&nbsp;Mélanie M. Leroux ,&nbsp;Solenne Fleutot ,&nbsp;Marc Ponçot ,&nbsp;Franck Cleymand ,&nbsp;Thierry Bastogne ,&nbsp;Jean-Philippe Jehl","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Myocardial infarction can cause irreversible damage to the heart muscle, which can lead to heart failure. The difficulty of the treatment mainly arises from the anisotropic behavior of the myocardium fibrous structure. Patches or cardiac restraint devices appear to be a promising approach to post-infarction treatment. In this study, we propose a new model-assisted method to design patterned membranes. The proposed approach combines computer experiments and statistical models to optimize the design parameters and to meet the requirement for the post-infarction treatment. Finite element model, global sensitivity analysis, random forest model and response surface model are the key components of the strategy implemented in this study, which is applied to design a real membrane. The metamodel-based design method is able to estimate the equivalent Young’s modulus of the membrane in a few seconds and optimization results have been validated <em>a posteriori</em> by laboratory measurements. This solution opens up new prospects for the design of customized membranes with technical specifications tailored to each patient.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 106815"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142696312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indentation size effect in Knoop and Vickers hardness measurement of dental resin-based composites","authors":"A. Roubickova ,&nbsp;A. Tichy ,&nbsp;R. Vrbova ,&nbsp;P. Bradna","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Comparisons of material hardness may be affected by the indentation size effect (ISE), which is characterized by increasing hardness values at decreasing loads. This study aimed to assess the influence of load, dwell time and measurement method on ISE in dental resin-based composites with different filler content.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Knoop (HK) and Vickers (HV) microindentation hardness of Filtek Ultimate Universal Restorative (FU) and Filtek Supreme Flowable Restorative (FF) was measured under different loads (0.098–2.96 N, i.e. 10-300 gf) and dwell times (5–30 s). Their effects on HK and HV were evaluated using repeated measures ANOVA, which was also used to compare the measurement methods. Coefficients of Meyer's equation, proportional specimen resistance (PSR) model and a modified PSR model were calculated using regression analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ISE was more pronounced for the highly-filled FU than for the less-filled FF, and HK was more susceptible to ISE than HV. The effect of dwell time was similar for both materials and measurement methods; hardness values decreased with dwell time, significantly between 5 s and 30 s.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>The possible presence of ISE should be considered when determining measurement conditions for the microindentation hardness of dental resin-based composites. HV was found to be less sensitive to ISE and provided stable hardness values at lower loads than HK. Due to the high variability of composites, any hardness measurement should be preceded by mapping the effect of load to ensure that load-independent hardness is measured. If hardness values continue to decrease in the whole range of increasing loads, load-independent hardness can be calculated using the PSR model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 106823"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142696313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation and modelling of continuous electrospun poly(ɛ- caprolactone) filaments for biological tissue repair","authors":"Thales Zanetti Ferreira ,&nbsp;Zhouzhou Pan ,&nbsp;Pierre-Alexis Mouthuy ,&nbsp;Laurence Brassart","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the mechanical behaviour of poly(<span><math><mi>ɛ</mi></math></span>-caprolactone) (PCL) continuous filaments produced by a novel electrospinning (ES) method. These filaments can be processed into woven or braided structures, showing great promises as scaffolds for ligament and tendon repair. Mechanical characterisation of the filaments using DMA and uniaxial tensile tests shows that the filament response is viscoelastic–viscoplastic. Filaments tested using bollard grips present an initially linear elastic response, followed by plastic yielding with two-stage hardening. The filaments are highly stretchable, reaching more than 1000% strain. The different deformation stages are correlated to the evolution of the micro-fibre network observed using SEM, involving the untangling, alignment and stretching of the fibres. A large deformation viscoelastic–viscoplastic model is proposed, which successfully captures the mechanical response of the filaments under non-monotonic loading conditions. Our study also highlights the sensitivity of the measured mechanical response to the type of mechanical grips, namely bollard or screw-side grips.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 106810"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142690156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}