Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering最新文献

Towards the application of mainstream low-carbon anammox wastewater treatment technologies: strategies, innovations, and prospects

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11705-024-2511-4

Wentao Pan, Hong Liu, Yongzhi Chen, Qi Wang, Yunxia Wang, Li Zhang, Yongzhen Peng

{"title":"Towards the application of mainstream low-carbon anammox wastewater treatment technologies: strategies, innovations, and prospects","authors":"Wentao Pan, Hong Liu, Yongzhi Chen, Qi Wang, Yunxia Wang, Li Zhang, Yongzhen Peng","doi":"10.1007/s11705-024-2511-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11705-024-2511-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Enhancing nitrogen removal is a very active branch in municipal wastewater treatment research, toward this end, anammox technology is a sustainable solution. This review systematically outlines the strategies employed to enhance mainstream anammox performance, including nitrite accumulation and microbial enrichment based on partial nitrification coupled anammox and partial denitrification coupled anammox, developed to address the challenges of low ammonium content in wastewater, nitrate accumulation in the effluent, and the influence of organic matter. The characteristics and advantages of novel anammox-coupled processes, including partial nitrification and partial denitrification coupled anammox, endogenous partial denitrification coupled anammox, and denitrifying anaerobic methane oxic coupled anammox are also comprehensively discussed; these aim to ensure the highly efficient and stable operation of anammox under diverse wastewater conditions by constructing a composite biological nitrogen removal system based on anammox, supplemented by nitrification-denitrification and other processes. Additionally, a novel anammox application route including mainstream partial denitrification/anammox and absorptionbiodegradation as well as sidestream partial nitrification/anammox is proposed, and its application pathway in conceptual wastewater treatment plants is outlined, aiming to foster the development of cost-effective, efficient, and energy-saving advanced wastewater treatment processes. Finally, prospects are presented that indicate the gaps in contemporary research and potential future research directions. Overall, this review provides a reference for treating municipal wastewater with anammox and sheds new light on related strategies and nitrogen removal mechanisms.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":571,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of hydrothermal carbonized sewage sludge on coal water slurry performance 水热碳化污水污泥对水煤浆性能的影响

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1007/s11705-024-2508-z

Asma Leghari, Yao Xiao, Lu Ding, Hammad Sadiq, Abdul Raheem, Guangsuo Yu

{"title":"Influence of hydrothermal carbonized sewage sludge on coal water slurry performance","authors":"Asma Leghari, Yao Xiao, Lu Ding, Hammad Sadiq, Abdul Raheem, Guangsuo Yu","doi":"10.1007/s11705-024-2508-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11705-024-2508-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coal utilization, as a major energy source, raises sustainability concerns and environmental impacts, prompting researchers to explore blending it with other feedstocks. This study discusses hydrochar coal-water slurry (HC-CWS) preparation conditions, emphasizing apparent viscosity and exploring the influence of high ash content on char reactivity. The study highlights that the presence of free water in sludge is moderately influential, while high amounts of free water in raw sewage sludge (SS) and its near absence during hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of SS are both unfavorable for enhancing the overall performance of coal-water slurry (CWS). HTC reduces the concentration of hydroxyl functional group, enhancing slurry performance and reducing ash content in HC-CWS, indicating that coal complements hydrochar (HC). High-temperature HC preparation is unsuitable for HC-CWS due to increased viscosity and decreased stability. In terms of ash content, the optimal pH and HC ratio for CWS are determined at 30% HC. The gasification reactivity of HC, prepared at 180 °C with a 30% HC ratio in CWS at <i>R</i><sub>0.5</sub> is 6 × 10<sup>−3</sup> and at <i>R</i><sub>0.9</sub> is 9 × 10<sup>−3</sup>. However, increasing HC to 50% diminishes reactivity under CO<sub>2</sub> atmosphere. The inhibitory effect was observed with an increasing percentage of HC in CWS and the synergy factor decreased in the following order: 10% HC > 30% HC > 50% HC, i.e., from 1.04 to 0.35. The possible reason is the presence of high ash content and their similar initial gasification rates during its early stages.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":571,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structure-performance relationship of additive-incorporated tetraethylenepentamine-functionalized SiO2 in direct air capture of CO2

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1007/s11705-024-2512-3

Zuoyan Yang, Yuqi Zhou, Hongjie Cui, Zhenmin Cheng, Zhiming Zhou

{"title":"Structure-performance relationship of additive-incorporated tetraethylenepentamine-functionalized SiO2 in direct air capture of CO2","authors":"Zuoyan Yang, Yuqi Zhou, Hongjie Cui, Zhenmin Cheng, Zhiming Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11705-024-2512-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11705-024-2512-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Direct air capture (DAC) using amine-functionalized solid adsorbents holds promise for achieving negative carbon emissions. In this study, a series of additive-incorporated tetraethylenepentamine-functionalized SiO<sub>2</sub> adsorbents with varying tetraethylenepentamine and additive contents were prepared via a simple impregnation method, characterized by various techniques, and applied in the DAC process. The structure-performance relationship of these adsorbents in DAC was investigated, revealing that the quantity of active amine sites (or the tetraethylenepentamine content in the exposed layer), as determined by CO<sub>2</sub>-TPD measurement, was an important factor affecting the adsorbent performance. This factor, which varied with the tetraethylenepentamine content, additive type, and additive content, showed a positive correlation with the CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity of the adsorbents. The optimal adsorbent, 40TEPA-10PEG/SiO<sub>2</sub> containing 40 wt % tetraethylenepentamine and 10 wt % polyethylene glycol (Mn = 200), exhibited a stable CO<sub>2</sub> capacity of 2.1 mmol·g<sup>−1</sup> and amine efficiency of 0.22 over 20 adsorption–desorption cycles (adsorption at 400 ppm CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> and 30 °C for 60 min, and desorption at pure N<sub>2</sub> and 90 °C for 20 min). Moreover, even after deliberate accelerated oxidation treatment (pretreated in air at 100 °C for 10 h), the CO<sub>2</sub> capacity of 40TEPA-10PEG/SiO<sub>2</sub> remained at 2.0 mmol·g<sup>−1</sup>. The superior thermal and oxidative stability of 40TEPA-10PEG/SiO<sub>2</sub> makes it a promising adsorbent for DAC applications.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":571,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142761775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanistic studies of zeolite catalysis via in situ solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: progress and prospects 通过原位固态核磁共振谱对沸石催化进行机理研究：进展与前景

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1007/s11705-024-2505-2

Chao Wang, Min Hu, Jun Xu, Feng Deng

{"title":"Mechanistic studies of zeolite catalysis via in situ solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: progress and prospects","authors":"Chao Wang, Min Hu, Jun Xu, Feng Deng","doi":"10.1007/s11705-024-2505-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11705-024-2505-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Zeolites, with their exquisite microporous frameworks and tailorable acidities, serve as ubiquitous catalysts across a diverse spectrum of industrial applications, ranging from petroleum and coal processing to sustainable chemistry and environmental remediation. Optimizing their performance hinges on a thorough understanding of the structure-performance relationship. <i>In situ</i> solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has emerged as a critical tool, providing unparalleled atomic-level insights into both structure and dynamic aspects of zeolite-catalyzed reactions. Herein, we review recent progress in the development and application of the <i>in situ</i> solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance technique to zeolite catalysis. We first review the <i>in situ</i> nuclear magnetic resonance techniques used in zeolite-catalyzed reaction, including batch-like and continuous-flow reaction modes. The conditions and limitations for these techniques are thoroughly summarized. Subsequently, we review the applications of <i>in situ</i> nuclear magnetic resonance techniques in zeolite-catalyzed reaction, focusing on some important catalytic reactions like methanol-to-hydrocarbons, ethanol dehydration, alkane activation, and beyond. Emphasis is placed on the strategies of specific <i>in situ</i> nuclear magnetic resonance methodologies to tackle critical challenges encountered in these fields, such as probing intermediates and unraveling reaction mechanisms. Additionally, we discuss the burgeoning opportunities and prospective challenges associated with <i>in situ</i> nuclear magnetic resonance studies of zeolite-catalyzed processes.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":571,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142691963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Excellent charge separation over NiCo2S4/CoTiO3 nanocomposites improved photocatalytic hydrogen production NiCo2S4/CoTiO3 纳米复合材料的优异电荷分离性能提高了光催化制氢能力

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1007/s11705-024-2509-y

Linlin Fan, Xin Guo, Lujun Wang, Zhiliang Jin, Noritatsu Tsubaki

{"title":"Excellent charge separation over NiCo2S4/CoTiO3 nanocomposites improved photocatalytic hydrogen production","authors":"Linlin Fan, Xin Guo, Lujun Wang, Zhiliang Jin, Noritatsu Tsubaki","doi":"10.1007/s11705-024-2509-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11705-024-2509-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rapid migration and separation of photoinduced carriers is a key factor influencing photocatalytic efficiency. Constructing an S-scheme heterojunction is a strategic technique to enhance the separation of photo-generated carriers and boost overall catalytic activity. Herein, a simple physical stirring technique was adopted to successfully fabricate a novel NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>/CoTiO<sub>3</sub> S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst. Upon exposure to light, the NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>/CoTiO<sub>3</sub>-10 specimen demonstrated an outstanding hydrogen evolution rate of 2037.76 µmol·g<sup>−1</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>, exceeding twice the rate observed for the pristine NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> (833.72 µmol·g<sup>−1</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>). The experimental outcomes reveal that the incorporation of CoTiO<sub>3</sub> significantly enhances the charge separation and transfer within the system. Concurrently, the formation of the S-scheme mechanism facilitates the separation of carriers while maintaining high redox capabilities. This work introduces an innovative approach to forming S-scheme heterojunctions based on bimetallic sulfides, thereby offering new prospects for the efficient utilization of solar energy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":571,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142691843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What makes biochar an interesting CO2 adsorbent?

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1007/s11705-024-2516-z

Antony Rajendran, Arumugam Sakthivel, Zhiwei Dong, Wenying Li

引用次数: 0

Probing the dynamics of methanol in copper-loaded zeolites via quasi-elastic and inelastic neutron scattering 通过准弹性和非弹性中子散射探测铜负载沸石中的甲醇动态

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1007/s11705-024-2506-1

Vainius Skukauskas, Nicolas De Souza, Emma K. Gibson, Ian P. Silverwood

引用次数: 0

Effective lateral dispersion of momentum, heat and mass in bubbling fluidized beds 气泡流化床中动量、热量和质量的有效横向分散

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1007/s11705-024-2503-4

Gabriel Gustafsson, Guillermo Martinez Castilla, David Pallarès, Henrik Ström

{"title":"Effective lateral dispersion of momentum, heat and mass in bubbling fluidized beds","authors":"Gabriel Gustafsson, Guillermo Martinez Castilla, David Pallarès, Henrik Ström","doi":"10.1007/s11705-024-2503-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11705-024-2503-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The lateral dispersion of bed material in a bubbling fluidized bed is a key parameter in the prediction of the effective in-bed heat transfer and transport of heterogenous reactants, properties important for the successful design and scale-up of thermal and/or chemical processes. Computational fluid dynamics simulations offer means to investigate such beds in silico and derive effective parameters for reduced-order models. In this work, we use the Eulerian-Eulerian two-fluid model with the kinetic theory of granular flow to perform numerical simulations of solids mixing and heat transfer in bubbling fluidized beds. We extract the lateral solids dispersion coefficient using four different methods: by fitting the transient response of the bed to (1) an ideal heat or (2) mass transfer problem, (3) by extracting the time-averaged heat transfer behavior and (4) through a momentum transfer approach in an analogy with single-phase turbulence. The method (2) fitting against a mass transfer problem is found to produce robust results at a reasonable computational cost when assessed against experiments. Furthermore, the gas inlet boundary condition is shown to have a significant effect on the prediction, indicating a need to account for nozzle characteristics when simulating industrial cases.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":571,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering","volume":"18 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11705-024-2503-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142412716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent progress in the interfacial polymerization process for CO2 separation membrane fabrication 用于制造二氧化碳分离膜的界面聚合工艺的最新进展

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1007/s11705-024-2510-5

Zhijie Shang, Qiangqiang Song, Bin Han, Jing Ma, Dongyang Li, Cancan Zhang, Xin Li, Jinghe Yang, Junyong Zhu, Wenpeng Li, Jing Wang, Yatao Zhang

{"title":"Recent progress in the interfacial polymerization process for CO2 separation membrane fabrication","authors":"Zhijie Shang, Qiangqiang Song, Bin Han, Jing Ma, Dongyang Li, Cancan Zhang, Xin Li, Jinghe Yang, Junyong Zhu, Wenpeng Li, Jing Wang, Yatao Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11705-024-2510-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11705-024-2510-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nowadays, global warming caused by the increasing levels of CO<sub>2</sub> has become a serious environmental problem. Membrane separation technology has demonstrated its promising potential in carbon capture due to its easy operation, energy-efficientness and high efficiency. Interfacial polymerization process, as a facile and well-established technique for preparing membranes with a thin selective layer, has been widely used for fabricating commercial reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes in water treatment domain. To push forward such an interfacial polymerization process in the research of CO<sub>2</sub> separation membranes, herein we make a review on the regulation and research progress of the interfacial polymerization membranes for CO<sub>2</sub> separation. First, a comprehensive and critical review of the progress in the monomers, nanoparticles and interfacial polymerization process optimization for preparing CO<sub>2</sub> separation membrane is presented. In addition, the potential of molecular dynamics simulation and machine learning in accelerating the screen and design of interfacial polymerization membranes for CO<sub>2</sub> separation are outlined. Finally, the possible challenges and development prospects of CO<sub>2</sub> separation membranes by interfacial polymerization process are proposed. It is believed that this review can offer valuable insights and guidance for the future advancement of interfacial polymerization membranes for CO<sub>2</sub> separation, thereby fostering its development.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":571,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142691844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reversible heat-set four-phase transitions of gel1-to-sol1-to-gel2-to-sol2 in binary hydrogels 二元水凝胶中凝胶1-溶胶1-凝胶2-溶胶2的可逆热固四相转变

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1007/s11705-024-2501-6

Mengjiao Liang, Wenwen Cao, Yaodong Huang

{"title":"Reversible heat-set four-phase transitions of gel1-to-sol1-to-gel2-to-sol2 in binary hydrogels","authors":"Mengjiao Liang, Wenwen Cao, Yaodong Huang","doi":"10.1007/s11705-024-2501-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11705-024-2501-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A class of supramolecular binary hydrogels is formed from dodecylamine or tridecylamine and sparing carboxylic acids (with amine/acid molar ratio ⩾ 18). These hydrogels exhibit a remarkable thermally reversible four-phase transition. On heating, they transition from gel one (G<sup>1</sup>)-to-sol one (Sol<sup>1</sup>), then to gel two (G<sup>2</sup>)-to-sol two (Sol<sup>2</sup>). On cooling, they revert from Sol<sup>2</sup>-to-G<sup>2</sup>-to-Sol<sup>1</sup>-to-G<sup>1</sup>. Additionally, several G<sup>1</sup> and G<sup>2</sup> hydrogels undergo thermally reversible gel-to-gel phase transitions, which are reflected by translucent-opaque and opaque-translucent changes in their appearance. The nature of the four-phase transformation was analyzed using a range of techniques. Scanning electron microscopy images confirmed that the fibers of the opaque hydrogel at high temperatures were considerably larger than those of its translucent counterpart at low temperatures. Fluorescence emission spectra demonstrated that higher temperatures, higher amine/acid ratios, and greater acid hydrophobicity increased the hydrophobic interactions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopic analyses confirmed the existence of hydrogen-bonding interactions and aggregation in the hydrogels. X-ray diffraction profiles indicated that the hydrogels adopt lamellar structures. The findings advance our current understanding of the phase transition of supramolecular gels and facilitate the constitution of binary or multicomponent gels, providing a practical way to create new smart functional materials.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":571,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering","volume":"18 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142412523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0