Fractional and simultaneous precipitation: recovering critical metals from multicomponent solutions

IF 4.5 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI:10.1007/s11705-025-2610-x

Andressa Mazur, Frederico Marques Penha

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Abstract

This study explores fractional and simultaneous precipitation methods to recover metals from a synthetic solution containing the major components from lithium-ion battery recycling leachates: Co, Ni, Mn, Li, and H₂SO₄. Thermodynamic simulations analyzed the behavior of the metal-bearing solutions during hydroxide precipitation to guide process design. The fractional precipitation process was divided into three steps: pH-adjustment (D1), Co and Ni recovery (D2), and Mn recovery (D3). D2 achieved 89.7% Ni and 76.8% Co recovery; alongside Mn and Li were also removed (15% and 25% respectively). D3 showed mainly Mn recovery (68%) along with 18.7% Co and 7.3% Ni. Simultaneous precipitation resulted in over 99.7% recovery of Co, Ni, and Mn, with a small amount of Li (15%) being recovered from the solution. Na removal from the solution was observed across all experiments. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the phases formed were distinct from the predictions. Regardless of the presence of NH₄OH as a chelating agent in solution, a mixed nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide could be obtained after calcination. This approach offers a potentially less laborious method for recovering metals in products relevant to cathode precursors in a single step from recycling leachate.

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分步和同步沉淀：从多组分溶液中回收关键金属

本研究探索了分步沉淀法和同步沉淀法，从含有锂离子电池回收渗滤液中主要成分（Co、Ni、Mn、Li和H2SO4）的合成溶液中回收金属。热力学模拟分析了氢氧化物沉淀过程中含金属溶液的行为，以指导工艺设计。分步沉淀过程分为ph调节（D1）、Co和Ni回收（D2）和Mn回收（D3）三个步骤。D2的Ni回收率为89.7%，Co回收率为76.8%；Mn和Li也被去除（分别为15%和25%）。D3中Mn的回收率为68%，Co的回收率为18.7%，Ni的回收率为7.3%。同时沉淀使Co、Ni和Mn的回收率超过99.7%，同时从溶液中回收少量的Li（15%）。在所有的实验中都观察到钠从溶液中去除。x射线衍射分析显示，形成的相与预测不同。无论溶液中是否存在NH4OH作为螯合剂，煅烧后均可得到混合镍钴锰氧化物。这种方法为从回收渗滤液的单一步骤中回收与阴极前体相关的产品中的金属提供了一种潜在的不那么费力的方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL-

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

6.70%

发文量

868

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering presents the latest developments in chemical science and engineering, emphasizing emerging and multidisciplinary fields and international trends in research and development. The journal promotes communication and exchange between scientists all over the world. The contents include original reviews, research papers and short communications. Coverage includes catalysis and reaction engineering, clean energy, functional material, nanotechnology and nanoscience, biomaterials and biotechnology, particle technology and multiphase processing, separation science and technology, sustainable technologies and green processing.