Srinath Ravi, Sung Ju Shin, Saikat Sinha Ray, Young-Nam Kwon
{"title":"Synergistic two-step modification of polybenzimidazole (PBI) nanofiltration membranes for improved molecular separation in acidic and organic environments","authors":"Srinath Ravi, Sung Ju Shin, Saikat Sinha Ray, Young-Nam Kwon","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2025.07.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2025.07.048","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a time-efficient, two-step modification strategy to significantly enhance polybenzimidazole (PBI) membrane resistance to acids and organic solvents, targeting low-pH aqueous and organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) for industrial applications. A green solvent-based aqueous Fenton reaction pretreats the membrane, improving chemical and thermal stability via enhanced chain interactions. Subsequent Thiol-Ene click chemistry crosslinking introduces crucial flexibility, compensating for Fenton-induced brittleness. This synergistic PBI-FT membrane demonstrates remarkable stability in 70 % HNO3 (maintaining > 80 % MgSO4 rejection) and highly polar aprotic solvents (DMAc, DMF, NMP), retaining > 97 % weight. In OSN, PBI-FT achieved 2.1 LMH/bar ethanol permeance with > 97 % Rose Bengal rejection, showing superior separation even after 168 h DMF exposure. This sustainable technique yields robust nanofiltration membranes for efficient separation processes in challenging industrial environments.","PeriodicalId":363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zahra Gholami, Fatemeh Gholami, Josef Šimek, Kateřina Svobodová, Mohammadtaghi Vakili
{"title":"Hydrogen production for a decarbonized future: a review of production technologies","authors":"Zahra Gholami, Fatemeh Gholami, Josef Šimek, Kateřina Svobodová, Mohammadtaghi Vakili","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2025.07.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2025.07.047","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen is increasingly viewed as an essential element in the global transition toward low-carbon and sustainable energy systems. This review systematically evaluates the major hydrogen production pathways, spanning mature fossil-based processes, steam methane reforming, dry methane reforming, catalytic methane decomposition, and coal gasification, to emerging renewable routes including biomass gasification, water electrolysis, photolytic methods, and biological/biochemical processes. Each technology is critically assessed through integrated techno-economic and environmental analyses, examining efficiency, carbon intensity, technological readiness levels, and scalability potential. Life cycle assessments reveal that conventional methods, while cost-effective ($1.25–2.27/kg H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>), generate substantial CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> emissions (9–20 kg CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>-eq/kg H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>). Conversely, renewable pathways demonstrate significantly lower environmental impacts but face economic and technological barriers limiting commercial deployment. Key challenges identified include catalyst deactivation, high capital costs for electrolyzers, and low efficiencies in photolytic systems (∼5%). The review establishes strategic research priorities: developing durable, cost-effective catalysts; advancing high-temperature electrolysis technologies; integrating renewable energy systems; and scaling photobiological platforms. This analysis provides actionable insights for researchers, industry stakeholders, and policymakers to accelerate hydrogen technology development and deployment, supporting the transition toward a sustainable, hydrogen-based energy economy aligned with net-zero emission targets.","PeriodicalId":363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Small-sized carbon nanospheres via hydrothermal carbonization of ascorbic acid: An efficient supporting material for enhancing Cu nanocrystals electrochemical sensor performance","authors":"Boen Zheng, Xinmei Liu, Wenlong Yang, Xiaoyu Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2025.06.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2025.06.051","url":null,"abstract":"This work developed low-temperature and environmentally friendly hydrothermal carbonization approach for synthesizing small-sized carbon nanospheres [C(s) Ns]. It is demonstrated that C(s) Ns act as an efficient supporting material, thereby enhancing the sensor performance of Cu nanocrystals. Compared to pure Cu, the C@Cu Ns show enhanced sensor performance toward glucose, sodium nitrite, and formaldehyde. A comprehensive analysis was carried out to investigate the mechanism of enhanced sensor performances. Furthermore, the effects of Cu loading rates and the sizes of C Ns on sensor performance were systematically examined. In alkaline solutions, the sensitivity of C(s)@Cu-8% [ C(s) Ns with Cu 8 at% loading rate] in detecting glucose and formaldehyde was 1.94-fold and 3.06-fold higher than that of Cu nanocrystals, respectively. In neutral solutions, the sensitivity of C(s)@Cu-8% for detecting NaNO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> was 3.49-fold higher than that of Cu nanocrystals. As applied in actual substances, the obtained C(s)@Cu Ns could achieve the detection of NaNO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> in aqueous solutions and sugar content in Nescafé. This work introduced an economical sensor that features multifunctionality and enhanced performance, the utilization efficiency for Cu nanocrystals was enhanced while maintaining cost-effectiveness. Both the requirements for high-concentration glucose and nitrite detection were addressed.","PeriodicalId":363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144515822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Young Hoon Son, Jihee Won, Young Il Park, Sung-Jin Park, Gun–Jae Jeong
{"title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction and fibrosis in atrial fibrillation: Molecular signaling in fast-pacing organoid models","authors":"Young Hoon Son, Jihee Won, Young Il Park, Sung-Jin Park, Gun–Jae Jeong","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2025.06.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2025.06.038","url":null,"abstract":"Atrial fibrillation (Afib) presents significant public health challenges due to its complex mechanisms and elevated risks of stroke and heart disease. This study employs 3D fast-paced organoid models derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) to investigate mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac fibrosis in Afib at the molecular level. Rapid pacing at 3 Hz for 24 h triggered a 50 % decline in peak contraction amplitude and a 55 % reduction in contraction velocity. Multi-omics profiling revealed pronounced mitochondrial injury—succinate dehydrogenase sub-units SDHA–D decreased by 35–60 % and the master regulator PGC-1α fell 48 % together with a 2.3-fold increase in cytosolic cytochrome-c. Profibrotic signalling was activated in parallel (AGTR1 was up-regulated 2.1-fold, TGF-β1 was up-regulated 2.5-fold), driving extracellular-matrix accumulation (collagen-I and α-SMA levels rose 1.9- and 2.2-fold, respectively). Public Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets further validated the clinical relevance of our model; the organoid transcriptional fingerprint correlated strongly with human atrial-tissue fibrosis signatures (R = 0.71, p < 0.001; GSE128188), highlighting its translational value. Collectively, these quantitative data demonstrate that 3-D fast-paced organoids recapitulate both the functional impairment and synchronous mitochondrial-fibrotic remodeling characteristic of early Afib. Taken together, coupling high-resolution functional metrics with multi-omics read-outs elevates cardiac-disease modelling and can accelerate the development of targeted therapies for atrial fibrillation.","PeriodicalId":363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144515724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrochemical properties of tin oxide quantum dot decorated gC3N4 nanotubes: experimental and theoretical insights","authors":"Bhargav Akkinepally , Bairi Sri Harisha , Pathipat Latthiwan , Tanveer Hussain , I. Neelakanta Reddy , Iftikhar Hussain , Jaesool Shim","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2025.04.043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiec.2025.04.043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a pioneering approach that employs tin oxide quantum dots (SnQds) integrated with graphitic carbon nitride nanotubes (gCN) to form a novel electrode material gCN-SnQd. Comparative assessments revealed that gCN-SnQd electrodes exhibited notably superior electrochemical attributes within a three-electrode configuration, surpassing their pristine gCN and SnQd counterparts. Significantly, the gCN-SnQd electrode exhibits an unwavering specific capacitance of 640.19 F·g<sup>−1</sup> with incredible discharge time of 230.4 s. The material demonstrated remarkable capacity retention, surpassing 100 %, even at a significant current density of 10 A·g<sup>−1</sup>, maintaining stability after 5000 charge/discharge cycles. Furthermore, the utilization of gCN-SnQd electrodes in a symmetric supercapacitor device showcases promising energy density of 27.72 Wh·kg<sup>−1</sup> and power density of 1050 W·kg<sup>−1</sup>. Employing density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we meticulously explained the enhancement in the electronic properties of gCN nanotubes upon the integration of SnQd. The empirical insights of this study offer an in-depth understanding of the potential exhibited by gCN-SnQd in augmenting the energy and power densities of supercapacitors, thereby advancing the realm of environmentally conscious energy storage technologies. This study emphasizes the pivotal role of precisely engineered nanomaterials and state-of-the-art computational methodologies in shaping the design landscape of electrode materials that exhibit exceptional and distinctive performance profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","volume":"149 ","pages":"Pages 901-912"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bhargav Akkinepally , Nandini Robin Nadar , Bairi Sri Harisha , H. Jeevan Rao , Taraprasanna Dash , S.C. Sharma , Iftikhar Hussain , Jaesool Shim
{"title":"Unveiling the future of supercapacitors: Integrating metal–organic frameworks for superior energy storage","authors":"Bhargav Akkinepally , Nandini Robin Nadar , Bairi Sri Harisha , H. Jeevan Rao , Taraprasanna Dash , S.C. Sharma , Iftikhar Hussain , Jaesool Shim","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2025.04.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiec.2025.04.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amidst burgeoning energy demands, the integration of renewable energy sources, and the imperative of sustainability, the necessity for advanced energy storage technologies intensifies. Supercapacitors, strategically positioned between conventional capacitors and batteries, offer an alluring proposition owing to their swift charge–discharge capabilities and prolonged cycle longevity. This review delves into the fundamental role played by electrode materials in shaping the performance metrics of supercapacitors, with a focal point on Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) materials as prospective contenders. MOFs stand distinguished by their unparalleled surface area and adaptable characteristics, thus emerging as noteworthy alternatives to traditional activated carbons. Comparative analyses scrutinizing the electrochemical efficacy and sustainability facets of MOFs underscore their considerable potential within supercapacitor realms. The fusion of these materials holds promise in tackling energy storage challenges in a sustainable and efficacious manner. Ongoing scholarly endeavors are dedicated to refining their performance parameters, augmenting scalability, and expanding their application spectrum. This review engenders a comprehensive exploration of MOFs as electrodes for supercapacitors, epitomizing a transformative shift towards versatile, sustainable, and environmentally-conscious energy storage solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","volume":"149 ","pages":"Pages 337-354"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can MXene act as universal solid lubricant: A prolix review","authors":"Bipin Kumar Singh , Randeep Singh , Young-Ho Ahn , Suprakash Samanta","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2025.03.058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiec.2025.03.058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article covers the potential of MXenes as a versatile solid lubricant. MXenes are recognized for their potential across diverse applications ranging from energy storage to fields like biology and medicine. Recently, MXenes research experienced rapid growth in understanding the tribological characteristics due to the outstanding mechanical properties and chemical reactivities. The commercial applications are restricted due to the limited research on MXene-doped composites. The laid down physics, responsible for the improvement in the physical and functional properties is also important for better understanding. Hence, in this effort, the cutting-edge application of MXenes with other matrices is thoroughly discussed. This review explores the potential of next-generation MXenes, highlighting key factors that enhance their tribological properties and the fundamental mechanisms behind them. Later discussions highlight the application of MXenes with various matrices and their future importance. Lastly, the fundamental physics to improve MXene properties concisely concluded with the potential of future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","volume":"148 ","pages":"Pages 329-344"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jyoti Singh , SK Safdar Hossain , Arup Choudhury , Duck-Joo Yang , Syed Sadiq Ali , Mohammed E. Ali Mohsin
{"title":"Synthesis of activated N/O/S-codoped porous carbon from waste sugarcane bagasse cellulose for high energy density solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors","authors":"Jyoti Singh , SK Safdar Hossain , Arup Choudhury , Duck-Joo Yang , Syed Sadiq Ali , Mohammed E. Ali Mohsin","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiec.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon materials (CMs) derived from waste biomass have unique porous structures, excellent electrical conductivity, and superior chemical stability, making them ideal as energy storage materials. However, biomass-derived carbon materials have yet to achieve high energy density. These CMs could be improved by heteroatom doping. In this study, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur co-doped activated porous carbon (NOS-WSBC) was synthesized via carbonization of L-cysteine modified waste sugarcane bagasse cellulose followed by KOH/CO<sub>2</sub> activation of doped carbon. L-cysteine concentration was varied to optimize textural and electrochemical properties of NOS-WSBC. As optimized NOS-WSBC 0.5 possesses a superior specific surface area of 1914.76 m<sup>2</sup>/g and mesopore volume of 0.1138 cm<sup>3</sup>/g, together with a bulk density of 1.18 g/cm<sup>3</sup> and total heteroatom content of 16.25 atom%. Because of these unique features, the NOS-WSBC 0.5 delivered a high gravimetric specific capacitance of 462.3F/g and a volumetric specific capacitance of 542.8F/cm<sup>3</sup> at 0.2 A/g in 6 M KOH. A solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) device was assembled with WSBC and NOS-WSBC 0.5 electrodes, using KOH loaded PVA/PEG/SiO<sub>2</sub> membrane electrolyte. The ASC delivered a high energy density of 70.47 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at a power density of 200 W kg<sup>−1</sup> and excellent capacitance retention of 97.7 % after 10,000 cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","volume":"147 ","pages":"Pages 793-807"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guoqing Chen, Pengyang Li, Zhaozhao Yang, Yubao Ma, Bo Wang
{"title":"In-situ preparation of ionic liquid lubricating additives for enhanced lubrication performance in titanium alloys: Experimental and molecular dynamics simulations","authors":"Guoqing Chen, Pengyang Li, Zhaozhao Yang, Yubao Ma, Bo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2025.03.037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiec.2025.03.037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work explores the lubrication properties of aqueous solutions containing ionic liquids in contact with cemented carbide and titanium alloy, focusing on the influence of alkyl chain structure. Surface morphology and chemical elements of the worn surface were analyzed using SEM and XPS, and the corrosion resistance was tested. The findings indicate that lubricants containing ionic liquids with unsaturated long alkyl chains can achieve a 70% reduction in friction coefficient and a 91% decrease in wear volume. Ionic liquids in aqueous solutions can effectively prevent the corrosion of gray cast iron by water molecules. Also, quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics simulations suggest that anions with unsaturated long alkyl chains exhibit a low energy gap and strong adsorption to the titanium alloy substrate. This implies that to react thermochemically with the metal substrate when it is heated by friction, creating a protective tribofilm. In the torque tests, lubricants containing ionic liquids with unsaturated long alkyl chains penetrate the gaps between the tap and titanium alloy more easily, adsorb onto the contact interface, and form a protective film, resulting in lower torque values. This suggests that the lubricant can serve as a high-performance potential additive in metalworking fluids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","volume":"147 ","pages":"Pages 776-792"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adsorption of gold chloride solution on quartz surface","authors":"Xiaoliang Zhang, Haiyang Sun, Yong Sun, Junhao Yin, Pengcheng Li, Shujuan Dai, Zhao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2025.03.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiec.2025.03.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The adsorption of gold chloride on the quartz surface is studied by combining experimental study with quantum mechanical calculations. Adsorption experiments, conducted under varying conditions (stirring time, pulp concentration, initial gold concentration, stirring speed, and pH) and infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed that adsorption occurred between quartz and gold chloride solution. Quantum mechanical simulations using the CASTEP module in Materials Studio calculated adsorption energies of water molecules, hydroxide ions, and gold chloride complexes (AuCl<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>, AuCl<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sup>-</sup>, AuCl<sub>2</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>, AuCl(OH)<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, Au(OH)<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup> ions) on the quartz (101) surface, yielding values of −13.87, −242.48, −70.77, −98.60, −123.93, −71.05, and −126.03 kJ/mol respectively. Mulliken population analysis identified specific adsorption sites, revealing interactions between gold chloride complexes and quartz surface atoms. The simulation calculation results are consistent with the experiments, indicating that some gold chloride is adsorbed together with quartz.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":363,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","volume":"147 ","pages":"Pages 768-775"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}