Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment最新文献

Micro-macro evaluation of ISS-lime-fly ash stabilized saline soils under freeze-thaw cycling 冻融循环作用下iss -石灰-粉煤灰稳定盐渍土的微观宏观评价

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-026-05300-8

Jiyun Nan, Dan Chang, Jiankun Liu, Yihui Yan, Xue Li, Jong-Sub Lee, Xusheng Wan, Liyang Wang

{"title":"Micro-macro evaluation of ISS-lime-fly ash stabilized saline soils under freeze-thaw cycling","authors":"Jiyun Nan, Dan Chang, Jiankun Liu, Yihui Yan, Xue Li, Jong-Sub Lee, Xusheng Wan, Liyang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10064-026-05300-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-026-05300-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In cold regions, repeated freeze–thaw disturbances can weaken saline soils and compromise long-term infrastructure performance, highlighting the need for durable, low-carbon-oriented stabilization. This research investigates the mechanical behavior and microstructural evolution of saline soils treated with a combined system of ionic soil stabilizer (ISS), lime, and fly ash, prepared under field-relevant compaction and subjected to controlled freeze-thaw conditions. Consolidated drained triaxial tests, mercury intrusion porosimetry, and scanning electron microscopy were performed to evaluate strength development and pore-structure evolution. The results show that the peak deviator stress increases progressively with freeze-thaw repetitions, increasing from 1707 to 2093 kPa before cycling to 2420–2502 kPa after 20 cycles under a confining pressure of 200 kPa, with the 9%ISS specimens outperforming the lower ISS dosage groups. Microstructural assessments consistently show that increasing the ISS dosage leads to a more compact and resilient pore network during freeze-thaw cycling. The cumulative pore volume varied within 0.227–0.265, 0.232–0.255, and 0.234–0.248 mL/g for the 3%ISS, 6%ISS, and 9%ISS specimens, respectively, indicating reduced pore-volume fluctuation at higher ISS contents. Early cycles induce particle fragmentation that exposes fresh surfaces and sustains pozzolanic reactions, while continued cycling promotes the accumulation and densification of cementitious products, resulting in reduced inter-aggregate pore sizes, smoother pore boundaries, and an overall decline in apparent porosity. These microstructural transformations are most pronounced in the 9%ISS specimens, aligning with their superior mechanical performance. This work provides new micro-macro evidence linking ISS dosage and pore-structure evolution to the freeze-thaw resilience of stabilized saline soils.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"85 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148871847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine learning-based multi-class classification of rock mass permeability using integrated geotechnical and geophysical parameters 基于机器学习的岩土与地球物理综合参数岩体渗透性多类分类

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-026-05299-y

Mahmut Sari, Selcuk Alemdag, Mesut Melek, Aysel Seren

{"title":"Machine learning-based multi-class classification of rock mass permeability using integrated geotechnical and geophysical parameters","authors":"Mahmut Sari, Selcuk Alemdag, Mesut Melek, Aysel Seren","doi":"10.1007/s10064-026-05299-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-026-05299-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In engineering applications, machine learning (ML) provides a promising approach when direct characterization of subsurface properties is challenging, time-consuming, and costly. This study developed a multi-class ML framework for classifying rock mass permeability based on Lugeon values using 86 observations from drilling and geophysical investigations at the Kırklartepe dam site in Bayburt, Türkiye. Seven predictors were considered: depth, Rock Quality Designation (RQD), joint frequency, Schmidt hammer hardness, P-wave velocity, S-wave velocity, and electrical resistivity. The observations were assigned to four permeability classes: very low, low, moderate, and high. Six classifiers were evaluated: Polynomial Kernel Support Vector Machine (P-SVM), Linear Discriminant Analysis, k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN), AdaBoostM2, Bagged Trees, and Radial Basis Function SVM. Sequential Forward Feature Selection and Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation were used for feature selection and model evaluation, respectively. Robustness was further assessed using bootstrap confidence intervals, class-imbalance treatments, feature-selection stability, and learning curves. Among the baseline models, P-SVM using all seven predictors achieved the highest accuracy (79.07%), with a macro-F1 of 0.774 and the lowest Golden Distance (GD = 0.4372). When balanced class-wise performance was prioritized, k-NN with in-fold SMOTE achieved the lowest overall GD (0.4126) and a macro-F1 of 0.777. S-wave velocity and electrical resistivity were the most influential predictors. Overall, the findings demonstrate that the proposed framework effectively integrates geotechnical and geophysical data for rock mass permeability classification, providing a robust, data-driven decision-support approach that supports subsurface characterization and complements conventional permeability assessment in engineering applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"85 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148871848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The strength properties of marble and their intercorrelations: Insights into specimen size effect 大理岩的强度特性及其相互关系：对试样尺寸效应的洞察

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2026-08-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-026-05288-1

Amin Jamshidi, Deniz Akbay

{"title":"The strength properties of marble and their intercorrelations: Insights into specimen size effect","authors":"Amin Jamshidi, Deniz Akbay","doi":"10.1007/s10064-026-05288-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-026-05288-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Specimen size is a critical factor influencing the mechanical strength behavior of building stones. In this study, the effect of specimen size on the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), Brazilian tensile strength (BTS), and point load index (PLI) of different marbles was investigated. Furthermore, correlation equations for predicting UCS using BTS and PLI were developed, explicitly accounting for the effect of specimen size. To this end, UCS specimens with length-to-diameter (L/D) ratios of 2.0, 2.2, 2.4, 2.6, 2.8, and 3.0 were prepared from the marble samples. For BTS tests, specimens with thickness-to-diameter (T/D) ratios of 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and 1.0 were extracted. Similarly, PLI specimens were prepared with T/D ratios of 0.30, 0.44, 0.58, 0.72, 0.86, and 1.00. The findings revealed a noticeable decrease in UCS, BTS, and PLI values as the L/D and T/D ratios increased. Based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, this trend was attributed to the higher probability of microcracks and internal flaws in larger-sized specimens. The results indicated that specimen size has a minor effect on the accuracy of the BTS and PLI-based correlation equations for predicting UCS. Additionally, it was observed that BTS is a more reliable parameter than PLI for predicting UCS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"85 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Instability of gassy sand slopes during tidal drawdown: effects of fabric anisotropy and gas exsolution 潮降过程中含气砂坡的不稳定性：织物各向异性和气体溶解的影响

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2026-08-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-026-05261-y

Xuetao Wang, Yi Hong, Yifei Sun, Zhiwei Gao

{"title":"Instability of gassy sand slopes during tidal drawdown: effects of fabric anisotropy and gas exsolution","authors":"Xuetao Wang, Yi Hong, Yifei Sun, Zhiwei Gao","doi":"10.1007/s10064-026-05261-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-026-05261-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil anisotropy in fully saturated sands has been widely studied, whereas its role in gas-bearing sands remains insufficiently understood. Free gas can stabilise loose states yet weaken dense states, and existing models rarely reproduce gas-induced weakening or unloading-driven instability. These limitations hinder assessment of submarine slope stability under tidal water-level fluctuations, where pore-pressure changes and gas exsolution may occur. This study develops an anisotropic critical state framework for gassy sands by coupling pressure-dependent pore-fluid compressibility governed by Boyle’s and Henry’s laws with evolving deviatoric fabric anisotropy. The formulation is calibrated and validated against undrained isotropic unloading, constant-<i>q</i> unloading, and undrained triaxial compression and extension tests across loose-to-dense states and different gas types. Implemented in ABAQUS via coupled UMAT and UEL subroutines, the model reproduces gas-exsolution-induced collapse during unloading and captures stress-path-dependent reversals of gas effects in medium-dense sands. The framework is then applied to submarine slope simulations under rapid water-level drawdown, with instability tracked using second-order work. Results show that density, gas saturation, bedding inclination and drawdown magnitude jointly control failure initiation and shear-band development, and inclined bedding markedly amplifies deformation. The proposed approach links multiphase pore-fluid behaviour, fabric evolution and unloading-induced instability, providing a mechanistic basis for assessing geohazards in gas-bearing offshore slopes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"85 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regional hazard assessment of excavation-disturbed translational rockslides in monoclinal strata: a probabilistic framework integrating failure extent and runout 单斜地层开挖扰动平动滑坡区域危险性评价：破坏程度与跳动的概率框架

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2026-08-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-026-05273-8

Liang Yang, Qin Chen, Manqing Lin, Yang Wang, Jizhixian Liu, Thomas Glade

{"title":"Regional hazard assessment of excavation-disturbed translational rockslides in monoclinal strata: a probabilistic framework integrating failure extent and runout","authors":"Liang Yang, Qin Chen, Manqing Lin, Yang Wang, Jizhixian Liu, Thomas Glade","doi":"10.1007/s10064-026-05273-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-026-05273-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study proposes a probabilistic framework for regional hazard assessment of excavation-disturbed translational rockslides. The framework integrates field investigation, laboratory testing, key stratigraphic parameter prediction, and Monte Carlo limit-equilibrium analysis to quantify slope-unit failure probability under data-limited conditions. It was applied to 139 slope units in the resettlement town of Yanshan Township, Chongqing, where slopes are mainly composed of a shallow surficial deposit, fractured rock mass, weak interlayer, and hard bedrock. After considering excavation effects, a new high-hazard zone of 0.0449 km<sup>2</sup>, accounting for 3.21% of the study area, was identified, while the very-low-hazard area remained unchanged at 0.678 km<sup>2</sup>, accounting for 48.43%. SBAS-InSAR monitoring showed good agreement with the assessment results. The maximum annual displacement rates reached 24–35.5 mm/yr, and cumulative displacements exceeded 90 mm at several monitoring points. Excavation-affected slopes showed higher deformation rates of 6–24 mm/yr than non-excavated areas, which ranged from 0 to 15 mm/yr. These results indicate that excavation-induced stress redistribution can locally intensify landslide hazard. The proposed framework improves the interpretability and practical reliability of regional hazard assessment in densely excavated mountainous towns.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"85 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Time-dependent mechanical effects of tall fescue and lucerne roots on interface layers of ecological slopes in the loess region 黄土地区高羊茅和苜蓿根系对生态边坡界面层的力学效应

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-026-05276-5

Juntian Wang, Xinzhe Liu, Han Bao, Geng Wang, Qi Dong, Changgen Yan, Hengxing Lan

{"title":"Time-dependent mechanical effects of tall fescue and lucerne roots on interface layers of ecological slopes in the loess region","authors":"Juntian Wang, Xinzhe Liu, Han Bao, Geng Wang, Qi Dong, Changgen Yan, Hengxing Lan","doi":"10.1007/s10064-026-05276-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-026-05276-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plant roots significantly reinforce the substrate–soil interface, a key weak zone controlling shallow slope stability. However, the temporal evolution and species-dependent mechanisms remain insufficiently quantified. This study compares fibrous rooted tall fescue (<i>Festuca arundinacea</i>) and taprooted lucerne (<i>Medicago sativa L.</i>) over a 20 week growth period under water contents of 10–25%. Direct shear and tensile tests were conducted to evaluate interface mechanical behavior, together with analyses of root morphology and failure modes. Results show distinct reinforcement patterns between species. Tall fescue provides stronger early stage reinforcement before Week 9 due to rapid development of dense fibrous roots, resulting in higher initial shear strength and apparent cohesion. In contrast, lucerne exhibits delayed but sustained reinforcement after Week 12, with continuous increases in tensile strength, residual strength, and cohesion driven by taproot thickening and lignification. Compared with the control, vegetated soils show significantly enhanced shear and tensile resistance, while lucerne retains over 40% residual tensile strength after peak failure. Water content weakens root soil bonding and reduces interface strength, shifting failure from breakage to slippage dominated, especially in tall fescue. Increased axial pressure enhances compaction and root–soil interaction, promoting shear dominated failure. Predictive models incorporating root area ratio (<i>RAR</i>), growth age, and water content quantify the evolution of apparent cohesion and friction angle for both species. Overall, tall fescue is suitable for rapid short term stabilization, whereas lucerne provides superior long-term reinforcement. These relationships offer a quantitative framework for vegetation induced reinforcement in slope stability and ecological restoration design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"85 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of the thickness of overlying soil on the location of trailing edge cracks in soil–bedrock landslides induced by water softening 水软化土-基岩滑坡上覆土层厚度对尾缘裂缝位置的影响

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-026-05281-8

Yun-kang Rao, Jia-xin Chang, Hai-ying Fu, Tao Yang, Huai-lin Chen, Zhe Zhang, Yi Yang, Rui Huang

{"title":"Effect of the thickness of overlying soil on the location of trailing edge cracks in soil–bedrock landslides induced by water softening","authors":"Yun-kang Rao, Jia-xin Chang, Hai-ying Fu, Tao Yang, Huai-lin Chen, Zhe Zhang, Yi Yang, Rui Huang","doi":"10.1007/s10064-026-05281-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-026-05281-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research aimed to investigate the effect of the thickness of overlying soil on the location of trailing edge cracks (TECs) in soil–bedrock landslides induced by water softening. Eleven laboratory slope experiments were conducted to reproduce the TECs of such landslides, with different thicknesses of overlying soil designed. Based on the analysis of the experimental results, a theoretical model was proposed and used to locate TECs of eleven laboratory landslides and two real landslides. The experimental results show that the inclinations of the eleven laboratory TECs vary widely from 63.9° to 81.1°. The TEC inclination tends to decrease as the thickness of overlying soil layer increases. This may occur because the proportion of tensile failure within the entire TEC surface decreases, while the proportion of shear failure increases as the soil thickness increases. The theoretical model is established by formulating segmented integral equations for the slip surface, which is composed of a gentle basal shear surface first formed and a steep TEC surface finally formed. The TEC surface is considered to experience tension and shear failure at locations near and away from the slope face, respectively. The solution to the normal stress distributions along the basal shear surface and TEC surface is crucial for establishing the theoretical model. The TEC locations obtained by the theoretical model are generally consistent with the measured or published locations of all laboratory or real TECs. This study improves our understanding of the formation mechanism of the TEC and helps accurately locate the TEC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"85 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic effect of xanthan gum and crosslinker to stabilize sand under saturated conditions using triaxial tests 黄原胶与交联剂对饱和条件下砂土的协同稳定作用

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-026-05283-6

Min Yao, Benhui Fan, Fernando Lopez-Caballero, Jean-Marie Fleureau

{"title":"Synergistic effect of xanthan gum and crosslinker to stabilize sand under saturated conditions using triaxial tests","authors":"Min Yao, Benhui Fan, Fernando Lopez-Caballero, Jean-Marie Fleureau","doi":"10.1007/s10064-026-05283-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-026-05283-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biopolymer-based soil treatment (BPST) has gained recognition for its environmental benefits and effectiveness in soil stabilization. Xanthan gum (XG) is one of the most widely studied binders. Many studies have shown that blending XG with soil can enhance soil strength. However, most existing research focused on dry or compacted (wet) conditions, overlooking critical scenarios such as soil saturation during flooding, where XG performance deteriorates due to its high-water solubility. To supplement the information from previous studies, this paper introduces 3 major novelties: (1) The use of saturated samples, representing the most unfavourable conditions, and increasingly realistic conditions for embankments subjected to harsh rains and floods in the framework of climate changes, (2) The use of consolidated drained triaxial tests, allowing a precise control of the sample saturation and mechanical effective stress path, and the determination of the constitutive law, (3) The use of several crosslinking methods to reinforce the strength of XG, unsuitable to be used alone under saturated conditions. The mechanical results showed that guar and aluminum sulfate are effective crosslinkers, significantly enhancing the mechanical properties of both saturated coarse and fine sands. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the formation of new bonds between XG and the crosslinkers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a three-dimensional polymeric network providing enhanced interparticle interactions. These findings highlight the potential of the crosslinked XG as a sustainable and effective stabilizer for submerged soils, making it highly relevant for geotechnical applications such as road and embankment construction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"85 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrodynamic characteristics of wetting water-front evolution in an air-saturated sandstone fracture considering wall roughness and matrix imbibition 考虑壁面粗糙度和基质吸胀的含气砂岩裂缝润湿水前缘演化水动力特征

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2026-08-26 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-026-05264-9

Chuanlong Dong, Junhao Mai, Zhihu Li, Xiaosheng He, Hongmin Cheng

{"title":"Hydrodynamic characteristics of wetting water-front evolution in an air-saturated sandstone fracture considering wall roughness and matrix imbibition","authors":"Chuanlong Dong, Junhao Mai, Zhihu Li, Xiaosheng He, Hongmin Cheng","doi":"10.1007/s10064-026-05264-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-026-05264-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Available from engineering geology, it is difficult to quantify the unsaturated seepage interactions between a fracture and the matrix. Therefore, a modified piecewise evolution model with a fractal time exponent analytically deriving the coupling influence of the wetting matrix and wall roughness was established by using the unsaturated Darcy law and fractal geometry. The wetting evolution of the matrix and a fracture of various sandstones with ultralow, low and high permeabilities was experimentally investigated via neutron imaging, verifying the models’ validity. The wetting evolution processes of mode Ⅰ and Ⅱ fractures present three stages with the time exponents of 1/<i>D</i><sub>r</sub>, 1/2<i>D</i><sub>r</sub> and 1/<i>D</i><sub>r</sub>, respectively. The average roughness fractal dimensions for ultralow, low and high permeable sandstones are predicted as 2.138, 2.000 and 2.468, respectively. With the increasing matrix permeability and wall roughness, the duration of the first and second stages can be decreased, and the unsaturated fracture flow mainly occurs in the third stage. The horizontal moisture diffusion in a fracture into the matrix satisfies the square root of time and generally indicates zonal wetting characteristics. The lateral sorptivity coefficients are not related to the zonal area. These respective average sorptivity coefficients of matrix are 0.4159 mm/s<sup>0.5</sup>, 0.4864 mm/s<sup>0.5</sup> and 2.983 mm/s<sup>0.5</sup> for ultralow, low and high permeable sandstones. The fracture wall roughness contributes to the lateral water diffusion from a fracture into matrix. According to the predicted different fractal dimensions in three evolution stages, the sandstone heterogeneity can cause spatial differences of mode Ⅰ fractures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"85 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanism and kinetics of catastrophic landslide triggered by mining and rainfall at Chupitian Village, Guizhou, China, June 10, 2021 2021年6月10日，中国贵州楚碧田村开采与降雨引发的灾难性滑坡机理与动力学

IF 4.9 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2026-08-26 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-026-05289-0

Longqi Li, Tianyi Zhou, Qian He, Yunhuang Yang, Enlong Liu, Yadong Wu

{"title":"Mechanism and kinetics of catastrophic landslide triggered by mining and rainfall at Chupitian Village, Guizhou, China, June 10, 2021","authors":"Longqi Li, Tianyi Zhou, Qian He, Yunhuang Yang, Enlong Liu, Yadong Wu","doi":"10.1007/s10064-026-05289-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-026-05289-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Intense rainfall and massive mining are two main triggers for geohazards in some mountain areas worldwide, especially in southwest China. Affected by these two factors, on June 10, 2021, around 20:30 (Beijing time), a catastrophic rapid landslide occurred at Chupitian Village, Xingren City, Guizhou Province, resulting in 3 fatalities and 18 houses destroyed. This study presents a comprehensive investigation involving UAV photogrammetry, field surveys, SBAS-InSAR time-series analysis, and Massflow numerical simulations to elucidate the morphological characteristics, failure mechanism and kinetic features of this landslide. The results show that the landslide failure process comprised three stages of “avalanche accumulation-landslide creep-rapid transportation”, ultimately forming a typical tongue-shaped landform. The SBAS-InSAR imaging also indicated that the landslide creep process presents an alternative squeezing–traction pattern due to the action of the upper avalanche and rainfall before the entire landslide runout. Based on the movement and accumulation characteristics, this landslide is divided into three zones: the sliding source zone, the transition-scouring zone, and the landslide accumulation zone. At the transition-scouring zone, numerical modeling indicates a maximum velocity of 31 m/s and an average velocity of 13.5 m/s for the landslide body, which results in a long landslide distance and house destruction in the landslide accumulation zone. Moreover, a prediction model on maximum landslide distance based on GBRT machine learning is constructed and the sensitivity analysis is also conducted using SHAP method. This study demonstrates the integrated strengths of geological surveys, remote sensing monitoring, and numerical analysis, offering significant theoretical support for landslide disaster mitigation efforts in similar geological settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"85 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0