Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment最新文献

{"title":"Numerical study of breaching at upper parts of homogenous earthen dams","authors":"Emre Dumlu,&nbsp;Mehmet Şükrü Güney,&nbsp;Merve Okan,&nbsp;Gürkan Özden,&nbsp;Gökmen Tayfur","doi":"10.1007/s10064-024-04009-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-024-04009-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, time-dependent finite element analyses of the breaching process in two homogenous earth-fill dams were performed using the finite element method. Breaching was initiated at the middle and corner sections of the upper part of the dam bodies. The numerical results were compared with the findings of the experiments realized on dams 60 cm high, 2 m wide at bottom, 20 cm wide at crest with 1 V:1.5H side slopes at upstream and downstream faces. This numerical study combines time-dependent hydraulic gradient distributions and groundwater flows to assess breach areas, velocities, and flow rates. A Python algorithm was integrated with the Jupyter console, allowing the simulation of the breach mechanism in multiple runs to determine breach parameters. Both numerical and experimental analyses revealed that the dams were exposed to backward erosion, starting at the downstream side of the dam and progressing inward. The compatibility between experimental and numerical results was sought by means of the parameters RMSE, MAE and the statistical performance of the numerical approach was evaluated by using RSR, NSE, and PBIAS. A fairly good agreement was obtained between the experimental and numerical results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory appraisal of geomechanical and mineralogical factors controlling landslide potential of soil-shales matrix","authors":"Jahanzaib Israr,&nbsp;Gang Zhang,&nbsp;Mohsin Waheed Qureshi","doi":"10.1007/s10064-024-04043-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-024-04043-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study reports on results from a series of geohydraulic, geomechanical, and mineralogical tests conducted on 12 different landslide samples consisting of broadly graded and potential internally unstable soils. The test samples contained almost 50% coarser or rock (cobbles-gravels) fraction and 50% finer or soil (sand-silt) fraction. The current test results characterized the landslide samples as highly erodible, while their regraded rock and soil fractions showed non-erodibility with good strength and drainage characteristics. For instance, the landslide samples suffer from a classical suffusion failure at critical hydraulic gradients below 0.38 with up to 20% erosion, while their regraded sand-silt fraction remains internally stable even at <span>({i}_{cr})</span> up to 0.80 with less than 4% erosion. Subsequently, the results of pinhole erosion testing revealed that the silt component exhibited a high dispersion index D1. Similarly, the coarser fraction showed more than 95% slake durability, while the point load testing both parallel and perpendicular to the planes of weaknesses yielded a shale rating of nearly 8 reflecting high durability against abrasion. Results of both XRD and SEM analyses revealed that the intact landslide samples contained up to 50% Quartz and 42% Calcites with traces of Halite, Bornite, Silicon, and Fluorite minerals. However, the Calcite content of the displaced samples reduced to as low as 11% with subtle variations in other minerals that would result in lower inter-particle cementation and enhanced erodibility, thus making the entire soil matrix a highly erodible material. In essence, the Calcite provides sufficient cementation to the finer fraction that enables the particles to stick together and stay intact inside the constriction network of coarser fraction to ensure stability. However, the loss of Calcite and hence the cementation would trigger the internal erosion of soil fraction to eventually develop a landslide on steeper slopes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explicit analysis of the anisotropic characteristics and prediction of the failure behavior of complicated jointed rock masses under triaxial stress","authors":"Qing-yang Zhu,&nbsp;Qin Chen,&nbsp;Nan Jiang,&nbsp;Yu-xiang Hu,&nbsp;Jia-wen Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s10064-024-04033-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-024-04033-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The mechanical performance of a rock mass is crucial for rock engineering, where the anisotropic characteristics of geotechnical defects, such as joints, cause the strength or deformation to vary greatly in response to different loading directions. However, there has been limited research on the anisotropy characteristics of rock masses with multiple joint sets in three-dimensional space. To address this gap, comprehensive investigations encompassing field investigation, laboratory experiments, and synthetic rock mass methods were conducted to explore the anisotropic characteristics of granite at the Shuangjiangkou Hydropower Station, China. An anisotropic loading scheme based on fracture network rotation was employed, involving 72 numerical tests to explicitly delineate the anisotropic rock behavior. Compared to the unconfined state, applying confining pressure mitigates the anisotropy effect in a rock mass and enhances its mechanical performance. Failure modes observed in experiments include slip failure along joints and breakage of internal rock blocks, with the type of failure highly dependent on the loading direction. The evolution process leading to each failure type was also investigated at the micro-scale. Additionally, the fracture density (<i>P</i>₂₁) was utilized to quantify joint characteristics in the loading direction, facilitating the development of a predictive model for rock failure behavior under the combined influence of joints and confining pressure. This model enables the estimation of rock mass strength and post-peak strain based on confining pressure and fracture density.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the spatiotemporal evolution of deformation and seismic dynamic response characteristics of high-steep loess slope on the northeast edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau","authors":"Ziyue Xu,&nbsp;Shengyuan Song,&nbsp;Feng Wu,&nbsp;Chen Cao,&nbsp;Muye Ma,&nbsp;Sicong Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10064-024-04051-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-024-04051-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The high-steep loess slopes located in the transition zone between the landforms of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the Loess Plateau are prone to instability under rainfall and earthquakes conditions. Analyzing their stability and potential instability areas can help solve the problem of disaster prevention and control of high-steep loess slopes under complex landforms. This article took the high-steep loess slope on the northeast edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau as the research object, used small baseline subset Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SBAS-InSAR) to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution of slope deformation, and then used numerical simulation to research the static and dynamic response characteristics of slope. The results show that the slope deforms rapidly after heavy rainfall in August 2020, and the annual deformation rate is -11.2 ~ 3.0 mm/a within 5 years. The slope angle and slope height have an amplification effect on the peak ground acceleration (PGA) of slopes. PGA increases with the increase of slope height and slope angle, and the amplification coefficient of PGA reaches 1.67–3.18 times. Under natural, rainfall, and earthquake conditions, the displacement extremum zone of loess slopes is located at the shoulder of the slope. Based on the deformation spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and seismic dynamic response characteristics of loess slope, this paper identified three potential instability areas and instability factors of loess slope, providing theoretical support for the research of deformation and instability mechanisms of high-steep loess slopes on the northeast edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Damage evolution characteristics of freeze–thaw rock combined with CT image and deep learning technology","authors":"Hui Liu,&nbsp;Xinyue Dai,&nbsp;Gengshe Yang,&nbsp;Yanjun Shen,&nbsp;Pengzhi Pan,&nbsp;Jiami Xi,&nbsp;Borong Li,&nbsp;Bo Liang,&nbsp;Yao Wei,&nbsp;Huiqi Huang","doi":"10.1007/s10064-024-04010-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-024-04010-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The surrounding rock of tunnel engineering in an alpine mountainous environment is prone to frequent freeze–thaw action due to fissure water and temperature differential, which leads to crack propagation and even failure in rock. Freezing sandstone CT damage-free scanning studies were conducted. Based on deep learning theory, the U-Net network technique is utilized to naturally merge high-resolution properties of frozen rock CT images in the shrinking path with low-resolution characteristics in the expansion path. Intelligent detection of freezing rock fissures and geometric information parameters at the pixel level has been accomplished. The primary fracture structure and its parameters of the sandstone with natural damage during the freeze–thaw process are obtained, and the pixel-level intelligent identification of the meso-structure and geometric information parameters of the freeze–thaw rock fracture is realized. This justifies the classification of naturally cracked rock under load and freeze–thaw as a discrete time-dimensional evolution system. The dynamic process and mechanical characteristics of meso-damage propagation of naturally fractured rock under freeze–thaw and compression load are investigated using Casrock numerical computation software, which is based on the cellular automata theory. The results reveal that when the number of freeze–thaw cycles rises, the random rate of fracture network structure distribution increases, the uniformity of fracture distribution increases, and the dominating direction decreases. The sandstone's secondary fractures progressively increase as the fracture dominant angle rises, and the rock sample's failure mode eventually shifts from tensile failure to compression-shear mixed failure. When the comprehensive dominant angle of fracture is 60°, the fracture of freeze–thaw rock is more prone to expansion and its mechanical strength deteriorates more. The fractured rock creates narrow strip directional damage along the end of the original fracture when subjected to compressive load, exhibiting typical localization features. The main crack and the secondary crack dominate the crack progression. The number of secondary fractures inside sandstone steadily grows as the fracture's comprehensive dominant angle increases. The direction of the crack penetration development is determined by the comprehensive dominating angle of the fracture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Velocity dependence of permeability evolution and the effect of fluid pressure heterogeneity on frictional stability of longmaxi shale","authors":"Chengxing Zhao,&nbsp;Jianfeng Liu,&nbsp;Jinbing Wei,&nbsp;Hangyu Dai,&nbsp;Chunyu Gao,&nbsp;Huining Xu,&nbsp;Wen Zhong","doi":"10.1007/s10064-024-04052-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-024-04052-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The permeability evolution of faults and fractures is closely related to variations in slip velocity, while changes in high-pressure fluid distribution also affect the frictional stability. Here we conducted friction experiments on Longmaxi shale sawcut fractures at constant and step velocities to analyze the friction-permeability evolution and the velocity dependence of permeability. We then used COMSOL multiphysics software to recover the fluid pressure distribution along shale fractures under different conditions, focusing on the effects of fluid pressure heterogeneity on the frictional stability of Longmaxi shale. The results show that the permeability of Longmaxi shale sawcut fractures exhibits an overall enhancement with slip velocity switching. However, the cumulative effect of switching slip velocity on permeability evolution is relatively weak, and permeability still decreases with shear displacement. The permeability response parameter <i>λ</i> increases overall as the friction state parameter (<i>a</i>-<i>b</i>) decreases, exhibiting regular changes with injection pressure, normal stress, and effective normal stress. Additionally, fluid pressure heterogeneity is influenced by both injection pressure and normal stress. Increasing injection pressure amplifies the heterogeneity of fluid pressure distribution, leading to a more significant heterogeneous friction phenomenon, forcing the Longmaxi shale to exhibit velocity-weakening behavior. When studying the frictional stability of various types of rocks under fluid injection, it is essential to analyze the actual distribution of fluid pressure to reveal the influence of fluid injection comprehensively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on relationship between electrical conductivity and effective ion concentration in saline soils","authors":"Xusheng Wan,&nbsp;Pan Xia,&nbsp;Jianguo Lu,&nbsp;Zhognrui Yan,&nbsp;Fengyun Liu,&nbsp;Khan Muhammad Shahab","doi":"10.1007/s10064-024-04044-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-024-04044-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil electrical conductivity is a key indicator for assessing water content and concentration in soil. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in identifying the development location of the frozen front, determining vulnerable areas in geotechnical engineering, and evaluating the noninvasive permeability coefficient. To enable dynamic monitoring of water, heat, and salt in cold-saline soil regions, a series of tests was conducted to examine the dependence of electrical conductivity on factors such as temperature, salt content, water content, and salt type. A 5TE soil moisture-temperature-conductivity sensor was used to measure the electrical conductivity of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate soils. he analyses of these two types of saline soils were carried out under varying water contents (16–28%), temperatures (-20 to 25 °C), and salt contents (0–2%). Based on a typical model of unfrozen water content, the variation in effective ion concentration with temperature was determined. The effective ion concentration was linked to conductivity through the shared variable of temperature, and an effective ion concentration model was developed. To enhance the model's accuracy, the effects of both salt type and crystallization were taken into account. The proposed model was validated using existing models and experimental data. Results show that the change in conductivity with temperature occurs in three distinct stages, with higher initial water content leading to a steeper slope of conductivity during the rapid phase transition stage. The relationship between effective ion concentration and conductivity was found to vary exponentially at both positive and negative temperatures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An assessment of weathering in sandstone masonry built with earthen mortars: the case of the ancient rope Bridge Ferry, China","authors":"Wenwu Chen,&nbsp;Liufang Li,&nbsp;Peiran Liu,&nbsp;Li Wang,&nbsp;Qian Xia,&nbsp;Jiachang Luo","doi":"10.1007/s10064-024-04031-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-024-04031-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Ancient Rope Bridge Ferry, a culturally significant heritage site along the Silk Road, represents a key element of China’s historical legacy. However, prolonged neglect and inadequate maintenance have left the site increasingly vulnerable to natural weathering. Conservation efforts are further complicated by a limited understanding of the building materials and the unclear mechanisms of deterioration, which impede effective preservation strategies. To address this, this study assessed the conservation state of this monument through laboratory analysis and field tests. Several techniques, such as XRD, polarizing microscopy, and TESCAN Integrated Mineral Analyzer (TIMA) were used to investigate the weathering of sandstone, revealing that weathering accelerates feldspar alteration and carbonate mineral dissolution. Mortar was also found to contribute to salt weathering and the formation of gypsum crusts. Field non-destructive testing (NDT) and a CRITIC-based Integrated Weathering Index (IWI) were employed to quantify the degree of weathering. The results showed spatial variability in weathering: (1) the most pronounced deterioration occurred in the upper and lower wet areas of the wall due to precipitation and capillary water, respectively; (2) the northeast facades of walls were most heavily weathered, primarily influenced by wind-driven rains; (3) while weathering in the ferry and fort zones was similar, greater biological colonization was observed in the ferry zone. This study provides a reference for the future preservation and restoration of the monument.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation on deformation and damage properties of soft red mudstone subjected to high-cycle cyclic loads based on AE parameters","authors":"Tianyou Yu,&nbsp;Guanlu Jiang,&nbsp;Xianfeng Liu,&nbsp;Ruizhao Liu,&nbsp;Shengyang Yuan,&nbsp;Dan Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s10064-024-04047-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-024-04047-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As a common foundation material for railway subgrades, red mudstone is prone to fatigue damage and deformation under the impact of high-cycle train loads. To comprehensively understand the dynamic damage and deformation behaviour of soft red mudstone, high-cycle cyclic loading tests were carried out to investigate the deformation and crack evolution of soft red mudstone based on acoustic emission (AE) parameter analysis. Then, monotonic compression was performed, and the impact of self-healing on AE characteristics was studied. Tests results showed that cyclic loadings are more likely to cause the matrix loosening and produce small size micro-cracks compared with monotonic loadings. And AE signals exceeding 300 kHz of high frequency increases with the increase of loading frequency, indicating the size of micro-cracks decreases with the increase of loading frequency. The proportion of shear cracks increases exponentially with the increase of upper limit stress but decreases linearly with the increase of loading frequency. Kaiser effect of soft red mudstone decreases or even disappears under the effect of self-healing with the increase of the interval time <i>Δt</i> between cyclic and monotonic loads. In addition, it is found radial strain is more sensitive to the rock’s damage progression compared to axial strain. There is a stronger correlation between axial strain and the damage under cyclic loading conditions than under monotonic loading conditions. The volume strains of rock samples under cyclic loading are relatively smaller compared to monotonic loading under the same damage variable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a novel equation for estimating the average volume of rock blocks in a rock mass with non-persistent joints","authors":"Mahsa Mahdavirad,&nbsp;Ali Saeidi,&nbsp;Alireza Shahbazi,&nbsp;Jean-François Noël","doi":"10.1007/s10064-024-03992-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-024-03992-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accurate estimation of rock block size is crucial in geotechnical engineering, yet it often encounters challenges due to the complexity of modeling methods or the limitations of oversimplified approaches. This study introduces a novel equation that enhances the accuracy of rock block size estimation by incorporating joint persistence; an important factor frequently overlooked in existing models which describes the extent to which discontinuities split the rock mass. To this end, a three-dimensional discrete fracture network (DFN) was developed using 3DEC v.7.0 to model rock masses containing three non-persistent joint sets. The DFN model was carefully calibrated by removing boundary blocks and optimizing model sizes. The analysis of 125 distinct models led to the development of a practical correlation for estimating the size of rock blocks with non-persistent joints from an existing method for rock masses containing fully persistent discontinuities. The new equation, validated through cross-validation, offers a more reliable tool for practitioners, improving accuracy in rock block size estimation and supporting better decision-making in the field. The application of the newly developed equation to the Burgo Dam spillway in Australia was also shown to result in more accurate volume estimates than the existing methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}