Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment最新文献

{"title":"New method for full-process deformation of slopes subject to drying-wetting cycles","authors":"Fangyue Luo,&nbsp;Ga Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04261-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04261-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Slope deformation due to drying-wetting cycles is a great concern in both the risk warning of slopes and the design of various slope structures on the slope. A new full-process slope deformation analysis method was derived based on slice methods, with innovations in terms of the constitutive equation, displacement compatibility equation, and stress equilibrium equation. A constitutive model of the soil was proposed with defined parameters, and it was reported to perform well in the prediction of the deformation increment and strength reduction due to drying-wetting cycles. The potential slip surface was shown to be a key component of characterizing the full-process deformation of a slope and to exhibit the displacement compatibility trend in which the relative horizontal displacement along the potential slip surface was equal at various locations. A slope deformation analysis algorithm was derived to analyze the shear deformation characteristics of potential slip surfaces and the volumetric deformation characteristics of sliding bodies subjected to drying-wetting cycles. The proposed method was validated by comparing the predicted slope deformation characteristics with centrifuge model test and field observation results under drying-wetting cycles. The method was confirmed to predict the full-process deformation of soil slopes during drying-wetting cycles, including the small deformation stage, prefailure stage, failure process and postfailure stage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Engineering geological evaluation of weathered limestones and dolomites quarries in Gebze (Türkiye)","authors":"Candan Bilen,&nbsp;Atiye Tuğrul,&nbsp;Ömer Ündül","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04272-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04272-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10064-025-04272-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of smartphone-based photogrammetry for measuring particle size and shape in field surveys","authors":"Pengju An,&nbsp;Rui Yong,&nbsp;Shigui Du,&nbsp;Yi Long,&nbsp;Jiannan Chen,&nbsp;Zhen Zhong,&nbsp;Kun Fang,&nbsp;Changshuo Wang,&nbsp;Jiamin Song","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04246-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04246-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In geological field surveys, the importance of particle size and shape is paramount, as these characteristics are essential for accurately interpreting subsurface conditions and earth surface processes. Traditional techniques for identifying particle morphology, like 3D laser scanners, are often costly or require complex operation, limiting their use in engineering. To address these limitations, this study introduces an Image Background Suppression (IBS) method based on smartphone photogrammetry, detailing its application in image collection and 3D particle model reconstruction. The study compares its results to those of 3D laser scanners, analyzing how camera quality, particle shape, shooting angle, and rotation angle impact the precision of the IBS method's reconstructions. The findings indicate that particle shape is the most significant factor affecting the accuracy of the 3D model, and that standard smartphones can capture high-quality photos for particle measurement. Additionally, the research identifies the optimal shooting angle to be between 45° and 60°, with a rotation angle of 15°. By utilizing these image collection parameters, the particle model generated by the IBS method exhibits an error rate of less than 1% in size and less than 5% in shape. Field tests of the IBS method further confirm its practicality and feasibility, highlighting its simplicity, versatility, low cost, and effectiveness. It is anticipated that the IBS method will become a widely adopted technology for measuring the size and shape of coarse aggregates due to these advantages.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal activity characteristic analysis and hazard assessment of rainfall-induced landslide for the Eurasian continent by considering mountain-hazards developing environment differences","authors":"Deqiang Cheng,&nbsp;Javed Iqbal,&nbsp;Chunliu Gao","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04259-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04259-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Landslides often pose a huge threat to the lives and property of people. The detailed analysis of landslide activity characteristics and landslide hazard assessment can help to understand the activity laws of landslides, and identify the possibility of landslide occurrence, which play a key role to take necessary disaster prevention and mitigation measures. In this research, we selected Eurasia as the study area. Firstly, a landslide dataset of the Eurasian continent was analyzed. Based on the Emerging Hot Spot Analysis, obvious hot spots of landslide hazards around the Himalayan Mountains and new cold spots in the Loess Plateau were found. On the other hand, for large scale regions, there are significant differences in landslide-developing environments, and the effects of various causing factors are different significantly. In this research, the weights of landslide-causing factors for different kinds of mountain-hazards developing environments were obtained through the machine learning method (Random Forest). Different landslide hazard assessment models under different mountain-hazards developing Environments were constructed. It solves the problem of using only one model to evaluate landslide hazard in complex disaster environments at a large regional scale without considering regional differences. This also provides a new idea for evaluating the hazard assessment of other mountain hazards at a large regional scale. The results show that the landslide hazard assessment model has obvious regional characteristics and can better realize the purpose of hazard assessment. About 16.35% of the mountain areas in the Eurasian continent belong to very high-hazard and high-hazard areas of landslides. At the same time, the contribution values of different factors in the calculation process based on the hazard assessment models can better identify the main controlling factors and propose the adoption of more targeted disaster prevention and mitigation measures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture evolution and failure mechanism of granite considering flaws and microstructure using a grain-based model","authors":"Xufeng Yan,&nbsp;Shengpeng Hao,&nbsp;Zhenyu Zhang,&nbsp;Peng Luo,&nbsp;Wenyu Xu,&nbsp;Chunlin Zhong","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04262-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04262-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An integrated experimental–numerical approach was employed to elucidate how ligament angle influences fracture evolution and failure in flawed granite. Digital image correlation (DIC) under uniaxial compression provided full‐field strain data, while a grain‐based model (GBM) captured the stress distribution and microcrack propagation. Results showed that specimens with ligament angles below 90° (e.g., 45–60°) experienced pronounced shear stress concentrations in the ligament region, leading to lower peak strengths. Conversely, angles above 90° (e.g., 120–150°) promoted tensile stress concentrations and a “self‐locking” phenomenon, resulting in relatively higher strengths. Full‐field strain analysis revealed localized deformation primarily at the flaw tips, with horizontal strains peaking near the specimen center. Early damage stages were dominated by intergranular tensile microcracks, which eventually coalesced with intragranular tensile and shear microcracks to form macroscopic fractures. Moreover, increasing the friction coefficient enhanced post‐peak microcrack formation and boosted overall rock strength. These findings highlight the critical role of ligament inclination in dictating failure patterns in flawed granite, offering valuable insights for the design and monitoring of rock engineering applications, such as slope stabilization and tunnel construction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A damage constitutive model for cemented sandy gravel materials","authors":"Qin Yuyang,&nbsp;Li Guoying,&nbsp;Ling Hua,&nbsp;Xu Jiangtao,&nbsp;Fan Kaifang","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04234-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04234-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cemented sandy gravel is often used to enhance the foundation soil of engineering projects. This paper presents results of triaxial tests on cemented sandy gravel specimens. We compared 8 cemented specimens and 4 uncemented specimens. The strength, dilatancy, and stiffness behavior of both cemented and uncemented specimens are compared. The strength of cemented specimens is significantly greater than that of uncemented specimens, and the cemented specimens demonstrate pronounced expansion characteristics. The peak friction angle of the cemented specimen shows a linear relationship with the confining pressure: ψ = 68.1–18.2·lg(σ₃/pa). To quantify the structural strength of the cemented specimens, a structural damage parameter is introduced based on the differences in mechanical properties between the two materials. The structural damage parameter first increases and then decreases as shearing progresses, and a hump curve function is used to describe this behavior. In the frame of the generalized plasticity, a novel elastoplastic model is established, considering the structural parameter as a factor of the plastic modulus, loading vectors and plastic flow direction vectors. The calculated values fit well with the experimental results. The model can reflect the characteristics of cemented sandy gravel, in terms of stress softening, residual strength, and volumetric dilation. Finally, the model is used to evaluate the deformation of a sluice dam foundation after being enhanced with cemented sandy gravel. The results show that after treatment, both the settlement of the gate floor and the shear deformation of the waterstops can be reduced by more than 10%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Earthquake-induced landslide prediction using a semi-supervised incremental learning strategy","authors":"Ying Zeng,&nbsp;Yingbin Zhang,&nbsp;Jing Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04251-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04251-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Focusing on the complex challenges faced in the field of earthquake emergency response, this paper innovatively introduces a semi-supervised incremental learning (SSIL) strategy, which skillfully integrates the fast response characteristics of the physics-based analytical method with the data mining capabilities of the data-driven method. The framework relies on the Newmark method to build the semi-supervised learning foundation, and iteratively optimizes the machine learning (ML) model by continuously absorbing new data through the incremental algorithm, which demonstrates excellent information extraction performance and data fusion capability under resource-limited conditions. The study applies Bayesian optimization (BO) algorithms to tune the parameters of various machine learning models, such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). which significantly enhances the flexibility and prediction accuracy of the models, thus advocating the inclusion of BO in the process of standardizing machine learning models. In addition, this paper innovatively proposes a new evaluation criterion for <i>Landslide Sensitivity Interval Frequency Ratios Index</i> (<i>LSIFRs</i>), which directly maps the regional landslide risk sensitivity and can be used as a scale for landslide sensitivity prediction (LSP) accuracy. The results show that the SSIL strategy proposed in this paper is an ideal solution to meet the needs of post-earthquake emergency response. After a comprehensive assessment of the model performance, it was found that the SSIL-BOSVM model, which underwent BO enhancement, demonstrated significant utility and efficiency in practical applications, with a high area under the ROC curve (<i>AUC</i>) of 0.884 and an <i>LSIFRs</i> value of 0.416. The model can serve in future earthquake emergency management and post-disaster reconstruction work with technical support and data support.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of fault fracture zones on the seepage field distribution and groundwater discharge of tunnels","authors":"Zhongyuan Xu,&nbsp;Ziquan Chen,&nbsp;Xinghong Zou,&nbsp;Bingxin Yu,&nbsp;Yulin Zou,&nbsp;Chuan He","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04254-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04254-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To investigate the impact of fault fracture zones on the seepage field distribution and groundwater discharge of tunnels, three-dimensional numerical models with different distribution patterns of fault permeability coefficient are established. These models reveal the varying characteristics of groundwater head, water pressure and water inflow as the tunnel traversed faults or their adjacent areas. By combining on-site measurement and synthetic conceptualizations of three cases, the distribution of seepage field and water inrush control measures of the Paoma Tunnel passing through multiple faults are studied. In the case of tunnel crossing a single fault, the water head values of the overlying and underlying strata significantly decrease once the fault is revealed during tunnel excavation. Transitioning from a <i>C</i>-shaped to <i>L</i>-shaped or <i>U</i>-shaped distribution pattern of fault permeability coefficient enhances the fault's impact on groundwater head distribution. In the case of tunnel near fault, increasing tunnel-fault distance results in lower permeability around the tunnel and steeper hydraulic gradient. The existence of fault causes asymmetrical distribution of hydraulic head, water pressure, and water inflow in the tunnel site. The case of tunnel crossing multiple faults mirrors the real conditions encountered in the Paoma Tunnel. Simulation results show the maximum water pressure and groundwater discharge within fault zones are 10 ~ 30 times higher than those in the non-fault section. After grouting reinforcement of the fault fracture zone, the groundwater head and water pressure significantly increases, and the maximum water inflow decreases by nearly 90% compared to the non-grouted state.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing shear strength degradation of gravel-bearing soil from Northeast Forest Region, China, under freeze–thaw action","authors":"Yuan Zhou,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Shahin,&nbsp;Can Xu,&nbsp;Yue Xu,&nbsp;Xinchen Yang,&nbsp;Zian Ding,&nbsp;Shufa Sun","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04233-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04233-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vehicle-induced disturbances pose significant risks to forest soil integrity. This study investigates the effects of gravel content and freeze–thaw (F-T) cycles on the shear strength of layered forest soils obtained from northeastern China. By analyzing the relationship between the shear strength variations and pore structure evolution of layered forest soils, this study provides critical insights into mitigating environmental challenges and maintaining the stability of such soils. Specifically, 216 remolded forest soil samples obtained from two soil layers were collected and tested and the corresponding findings revealed that changes in gravel content and F-T cycles alter the soil pore structure, consequently influencing soil shear strength. The results also indicated that an increase in the gravel content results in a reduction of soil volume in small pore spaces within the investigated forest soils, while the volume of medium and large pore spaces increases. This leads to gravel particles that gradually dominate the soil framework, causing the soil structure to become loose with an increased porosity. The impact of F-T cycles on the forest soil pore structure was found to be particularly pronounced. Notably, the observed trends found in the current study differ from previous studies on other soil types such as farmland and paddy fields. The results of this study help in refining soil engineering design in forested areas and mitigating the compaction impact resulting from forestry machinery interactions with the soil. Furthermore, the results offer vital data that support assessing geological hazard risks and analyzing soil stability in forested regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10064-025-04233-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the evolution of a post-failure rock slope","authors":"R. Gerstner,&nbsp;C. Fey,&nbsp;E. Kuschel,&nbsp;F. Lehner,&nbsp;G. Valentin,&nbsp;K. Voit,&nbsp;C. Zangerl","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04249-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04249-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rock slope failure is commonly regarded as the most significant phase in the evolution of an unstable rock slope. However, many rock slopes do not fail in a single event but rather in several individual ones. Such polyphase rock slope failures impose a challenge, as their post-failure evolution is hard to predict, and the time interval between the failure events, their magnitude, and running-out distance can differ significantly for each respective event. In this study, we present a unique data-set of high-resolution remote sensing data acquired from a 170 m high, steep to overhanging post-failure rock slope over a 3.5-year survey. By applying ground-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar, unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry, and a 3D distance approach on terrestrial laser-scan data, we unravel the post-failure rock slope evolution on the example of the Hüttschlag study site (Salzburg, Austria). Accompanied by meteorological data and supported by a discrete element modelling approach, i.e. the asymmetric Voronoi logic, we (i) prove that the post-failure rock slope remains an active system, even 3.5 years after the latest major rock slope failure event, (ii) outline advantages and limitations of the respective remote sensing techniques, (iii) emphasise the challenge of identifying unambiguous triggers, and link this challenge to progressive failure within a fractured, anisotropic rock mass. Our findings highlight the importance of considering the time-dependency of rock mass strength and improve our understanding of post-failure rock slope evolution and rock mechanical processes in complex geological media.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10064-025-04249-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}