Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment最新文献

{"title":"A novel approach for three-dimensional rock joint surface visualization based on photogrammetric point clouds","authors":"Yingxian Lang,&nbsp;Zhengzhao Liang,&nbsp;Ke Ma,&nbsp;Yingjie Xia,&nbsp;Zhuo Dong","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04255-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04255-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Joints play a significant role in the behavior of rock masses subjected to stress or deformation. Accurate representations of joint surfaces are crucial for predicting the mechanical behavior of rocks and ensuring the safety of engineering structures. While CT scanning can provide precise joint information, its high cost, limited sample size range, and strict operating environment diminish its practicality for batch measurements of three-dimensional (3D) joint morphology. To address these challenges, this research proposes a cost-effective method for visualizing internal rock joints on a large scale. The proposed method transforms joint image information into 3D point data using image segmentation, feature extraction, digital image processing, and photogrammetry techniques. Based on principal component analysis combined with biharmonic spline interpolation (hereafter referred to as PCA-BSI), a reverse modeling of the 3D joint surface is achieved, enabling visualization of the joint surface. The effectiveness of the PCA-BSI algorithm has been validated through complex examples, showing correlation coefficients close to 1. The reliability of the proposed joint surface reconstruction method was verified by 3D scanning experiments. Furthermore, the joint surface fitting effects of the proposed method were compared to those of global polynomial interpolation and inverse distance weighting methods. The results indicate that the proposed method yielded high-quality 3D visualization of the joint surface, offering an economical and effective alternative for batch visualization of the internal morphology of rock joints.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of ground surface settlement in a shallow tunnel using coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian technique","authors":"Kwangwoo Lee,&nbsp;Hyunki Kim","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04340-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04340-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The influence of the excavation angle on controlling ground subsidence induced by shallow tunneling was investigated. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of the inclination of the excavation surface. The test results indicated that decreasing the excavation surface angle leads to more stable tunnel conditions. The coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) technique was validated through experimental tests. The applicability of the CEL technique for modeling the failure and post-failure behavior of soil during tunnel excavation was verified. Large deformation finite element analyses using the CEL technique were conducted to investigate the behavior of excavation face stability and excavation-induced settlement under various conditions, including excavation angle (α), cover equivalent diameter ratio (C/D), and internal friction angles of soil (ϕ). The results showed that ground surface settlement can be reduced by increasing the cover-to-diameter ratio and internal friction angle, and by decreasing the excavation angle. Moreover, it was observed that when the excavation angle was less than the soil’s angle of repose, the soil remained stable, and no surface settlement occurred. This observation is critical as it suggests that maintaining the excavation angle below a certain threshold can effectively prevent subsidence, thus ensuring the structural integrity of both the tunnel and the surrounding ground. Therefore, the excavation surface angle not only influences the stability of the tunnel during construction but also plays a pivotal role in controlling ground surface settlement in shallow tunnels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landslide-induced vulnerability of road networks in Lahaul and Spiti, India: a geospatial study","authors":"Devraj Dhakal,&nbsp;Kanwarpreet Singh,&nbsp;Damandeep Kaur,&nbsp;Sahil Verma,&nbsp;Abdullah H. Alsabhan,&nbsp;Shamshad Alam,&nbsp;Osamah J. Al-sareji,&nbsp; Randeep,&nbsp; Kavita","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04328-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04328-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Landslides pose significant risks to infrastructure and human life, particularly in mountainous regions like Lahaul and Spiti in Himachal Pradesh, India. This study focuses on assessing the vulnerability of road networks with landslide risks serving as the primary environmental hazard. Using a combination of machine learning algorithms and traditional statistical methods, the study develops road network vulnerability maps to identify segments most at risk of disruption. The models applied include Logistic Regression (LR), Adaboost, Neural Networks (Nnet), SVM Radial, Random Forest (RF), MARS, Information Value (IV), Frequency Ratio (FR), and Weight of Evidence (WoE). The Random Forest (RF) model performed best, achieving an AUC of 0.954, and was used to generate a detailed road vulnerability map. The findings indicate that 60% of National Highway 3 (NH3) and 48.59% of State Highway 26 (SH26) fall within high-risk zones, largely due to slope and proximity to rivers. The results provide critical insights for road planners and disaster management agencies to develop targeted interventions in high-risk areas. The study highlights the importance of integrating landslide susceptibility in road network planning and recommends the future use of real-time data for more accurate predictions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy characteristics of coal damage deformation under triaxial compression","authors":"Yao Zhang,&nbsp;Bobo Li,&nbsp;Bin Wang,&nbsp;Chonghong Ren,&nbsp;Jiang Xu","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04264-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04264-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With respect to underground engineering, activities involving the mining of mineral resources, coal is found in a complex environment, in which temperature, gas, and external loads combine. In order to explore damage deformation, including energy transformation mechanisms in coal under different failure conditions, a triaxial compression test at different temperatures, and at different gas pressures was carried out by using triaxial servo-controlled seepage equipment of thermo-fluid–solid coupling. Based on this test, when the influence of thermal damage is examined, the whole damage change equation of coal under different temperatures and external loads might be obtained. Moreover, a damage constitutive model for coal at different temperatures, and under different gas pressures was established by considering the degradation of coal’s mechanical properties caused by gas pressure and temperature. Furthermore, concerning the whole process relating to coal’s deformation and destruction under complex stress, an unstable phenomenon driven by energy, including energy’s build-up, and dispersal that shows coal damage and instability is exhibited. Therefore, a mathematical expression of energy, based on damage and deformation of coal rock, that examined the effects of temperature and gas pressure, has been obtained in this paper. The results revealed the various stage characteristics in the deformation and disintegration process that were, basically, similar under different temperatures and gas pressures. Temperature and gas pressure possess a greater impact on coal’s mechanical properties than other factors. Secondly, a damage constitutive model for coal under different temperatures and gas pressures was established in order to consider the degradation of coal’s mechanical properties caused by temperature and gas pressure. In addition, by considering the influence of temperature and gas pressure, the mathematical expression of energy dissipation, based on coal damage and deformation, was obtained, where it was found that the whole process relating to coal damage deformation was accompanied by a continuous dispersal of energy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of potentiality of coal bump hazard in underground coal mines through numerical modelling and binary logistic regression approach with field validation","authors":"Raja Sabapathy,&nbsp;Prabhat Kumar Mandal,&nbsp;Partha Sarathi Paul,&nbsp;Arka Jyoti Das","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04289-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04289-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Prediction of coal bump is of paramount importance to ensure the safety of underground workplaces, especially for deep-seated coal seams. The occurrence of coal bumps is influenced by various factors, including geological, geotechnical, and operational parameters. Most of the existing indices are developed for intact rock samples at laboratory scale study, which does not represent the rock mass conditions at the field. Moreover, these indices do not consider the effects of different mining operational parameters on the coal bump. In this study, an index of burst energy coefficient has been developed to predict coal bump by considering the intrinsic parameters as well as operation parameters. Based on the developed index, an empirical model has been developed to classify the coal bump as expressed by the probability of its occurrence. A parametric study by numerical modelling is carried out to obtain the stress–strain curve under uniaxial compressive strength testing of coal pillars. It is found that the depth of cover is the most influential parameter of burst energy coefficient vis-à-vis coal bump. Other significant parameters are RMR, w/h ratio of coal pillars and Young’s modulus of roof and coal. The study shows the increase in depth of cover and the presence of strong competent roof strata increase the chances of coal bump. The results of the parametric study are used to develop predictive models for the burst energy coefficient and the probability of coal bump occurrence. The predictive models are validated by the coal bump events at different underground coal mines and by comparing them with an existing index. The uniqueness of the models is their applicability in field conditions rather than laboratory conditions and to classify the coal bump events in terms of probability of occurrence. The predictive models would be easy-to-use tools for coal bump in underground coal mines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Test study on the deterioration mechanism of limestone-bolt combination support characteristics under the effect of dissolution","authors":"Yanchun Tang,&nbsp;Yali Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04363-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04363-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Modern underground engineering support design generally considers the synergistic support relationship between the surrounding rock and the support system. In underground engineering involving soluble rocks, primarily limestone, dissolution has a long-term impact on the deterioration of limestone-bolt combined support characteristics. This study focuses on the limestone-bolt combined support structure at different stages of fissure development and varying dissolution time. Considering the mechanical deterioration mechanism of limestone under the effect of dissolution, it employs self-developed equipment to conduct a series of experimental studies. The research verifies that the detrimental impact of dissolution on the deterioration of limestone-bolt combined support characteristics cannot be overlooked. The analysis reveals the differences in the extent of deterioration of the limestone-bolt combined support structure under different stages of fissure development and varying dissolution time. Furthermore, the study uncovers the deterioration mechanism of the limestone-bolt combined support characteristics under the influence of dissolution. The study can provide important physical basis for the development of the construction scheme and the optimization of stability of surrounding rock in underground engineering in soluble rocks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The performance of an embankment over soft clay under rainfall with tension cracks at soil-pile interface caused by lateral deformation","authors":"Xing Wei,&nbsp;Shitao Cheng,&nbsp;Yanjun Li,&nbsp;Rui Chen,&nbsp;Zijian Wang,&nbsp;Fan Tang,&nbsp;Bingkun Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04356-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04356-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Deformation behaviors and soil-pile interaction are complex for the pile-supported embankment over soft clay, which may result in tension cracks between piles and soils and provide infiltration paths for rainwater. On-site investigation and numerical simulations were conducted in the study of a pile-supported embankment on soft clay with tension crack appeared. The investigation revealed the distribution and formation process of the tension cracks and structural cracks. The numerical simulation reproduced the observations of on-site investigation with a simplified width-related permeability model of tension crack and a simplified model for the distribution of crack hydrostatic pressure. The following conclusions are drawn from the study. The tension cracks appeared in the early stages of consolidation at the soil-pile interface, which mainly caused by the shearing of the soils, the earth pressure on the piles, and the soil-pile interaction under embankment loading and other surcharges. Subsequently, the structural crack appeared on the attachment structures supported by shallow foundations. When entering the rainy season, hydrostatic pressure in the tension cracks was generated under heavy rainfall which could push the piles and surrounding soils to move horizontally and cause large lateral deformations. Large lateral deformations caused structural cracks in main structures supported by pile foundation consequently. Reducing the permeability of tension cracks can avoid the generation of the hydrostatic pressure and decrease lateral deformations of the embankment significantly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Centrifuge model tests on the bearing behavior of large-diameter rock-socketed pile group in valley area","authors":"Hao Zhang,&nbsp;Dwayne Tannant,&nbsp;Haofeng Xing,&nbsp;Lei Zhu,&nbsp;Xiaopeng Guo","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04364-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04364-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Large-diameter rock-socketed pile groups are an effective method for distributing bridge and traffic loads in long-span bridges. Currently, the bearing behavior of large-diameter rock-socketed pile groups in valley areas remains insufficiently understood. In order to understand the bearing behavior of large diameter rock-socketed pile group in valley area, three centrifuge model tests were carried out to simulate the mechanical characteristics of pile group with different slope angle. The results indicated that pile groups shown linear load-settlement responses until the ultimate load, and the settlement of pier cap was positively correlated with slope angle. There are obvious differences in the load sharing of single piles, and the existence of the slope angle exacerbated the differences in load sharing for single piles. Moreover, the tendency of axis force-depth was similar, showing that the axis force of the large-diameter rock-socketed pile decreased modestly in the overburden layer, and decreased steeply in the rock-socketed layer. The slope angle reduces the shaft resistance of the overburden layer, which reduces the bearing capacity of the group pile, and this negative effect increases with the slope angle. Accordingly, the valuable results obtained from the centrifugal model tests to guide the design and construction of large diameter rock-socketed pile group in valley area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of groundwater level rise on toppling failure in anti-dip slopes: A physical model study","authors":"Xiaohui Zheng,&nbsp;Zhigang Tao,&nbsp;Guangcheng Shi,&nbsp;Haijun Yu,&nbsp;Manchao He","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04359-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04359-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rise in groundwater levels can trigger large-scale toppling failures in anti-dip slopes, posing serious risks to life and property. However, current static model experiments often overlook the effects of full water saturation of the rock mass and the continuity of water pressure, leading to some deviation in experimental results. This study addresses these limitations by simulating continuous groundwater pressure in a physical model and thoroughly considering the water content of the rock mass to investigate the impact of rising groundwater levels on the stability of anti-dip slopes. The results indicate that the failure mode of the toppling slope is toppling-sliding failure, characterized by both staged and sudden collapse. The rise in groundwater levels is a primary cause of toppling failures. On one hand, it increases the water content and reduces the strength of the rock mass at the slope toe and the water pressure on both sides produces shear force leading to shear slip, on the other hand, groundwater pressure contributes positively to the toppling failure, resulting in both shallow toppling failures and deep tensile cracks. The study suggests that constraining the slope toe can enhance the stability of anti-dip slopes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field data driven rockfall hazard and risk assessment along Sangla-Chitkul road, Himachal Pradesh, India","authors":"Vishnu Himanshu Ratnam Pandey,&nbsp;Gaurav Kushwaha,&nbsp;Ashutosh Kainthola,&nbsp;Vikas Yadav,&nbsp;TN Singh,&nbsp;Abhi S Krishna","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04286-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04286-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study addresses the issue of rockfall hazard in Baspa Valley, Himachal Pradesh, India. Proven empirical rockfall hazard rating systems were interpolated in the GIS-environment to analyse the contingent risk to the population. Initially, field data were ascertained from precarious rockfall locations along the 23 km long Sangla-Chitkul road. This was followed by a kinematic analysis to identify potential structural failure modes, revealing that each studied slope section could undergo one or a combination of failures. Rockfall Hazard Rating System (RHRS) parameters were formulated and interpolated for the entire area using the inverse-distance weighting (IDW) technique. Resulting hazard map, overlaid with population data, classified rockfall risk into five categories: very high (14.7%), high (28.8%), moderate (23.2%), low (18.6%), and very low (14.7%). A similar assessment using the Missouri Rockfall Hazard Rating System (MORFH-RS) showed the following rockfall risk distribution: very high (11%), high (21%), moderate (21%), low (21%), and very low (11%). Additionally, MORFH-RS indicated that around 90% of the area lies in high-risk and high-consequence zone, with high consequences for all locations. Two-dimensional stochastic simulations were conducted to understand rockfall dynamics at all studied locations, revealing that most sites exhibit kinetic energy exceeding 500 kJ, with five locations surpassing 1000 kJ. This indicates a high potential for significant damage across a large area of the valley, based on runout-distance data. Additionally, these findings were correlated with geotechnical characterization using Global Slope Performance Index (GSPI), identifying the potential for four distinct failure types in the valley.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}