Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment最新文献_第2页

Monitoring of flood and debris flow passing through a stream reach embedded with a step-pool system 监测通过带有阶梯池系统的河流流域的洪水和泥石流

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-025-04527-1

Kehan Huang, Mengzhen Xu, Yifei Cui, Jinfeng Liu, Xinzhi Zhou, Xiguo Zhang, Zhaoyin Wang

{"title":"Monitoring of flood and debris flow passing through a stream reach embedded with a step-pool system","authors":"Kehan Huang, Mengzhen Xu, Yifei Cui, Jinfeng Liu, Xinzhi Zhou, Xiguo Zhang, Zhaoyin Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04527-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04527-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flood and debris flow frequently transpire in mountainous regions, leading to ground vibrations that can be detected by geophones. The quantitative analysis of these ground motion signals provides valuable seismology-based insights. This study centers on a previously unmonitored debris flow gully that incorporates an artificial step-pool system designed for debris flow mitigation. An integrated monitoring system was implemented, consisting of meteorological, hydrological and seismic sensors, to monitor flood and debris flow events. The recorded seismic signal was analyzed by means of short-time Fourier transform, and a bedload-induced model was utilized to compute the sediment flux. The results indicated that flood and debris flow can be distinguished by the short-term average/long-term average (STA/LTA) method, with thresholds of 30 and 20 for upstream and downstream stations, respectively. The sediment fluxes and transport rates passing through the monitoring stations were evaluated. Considering the topographic variation, the sediment source was identified. And the presence of step-pools mitigated the magnitudes of debris flow from upstream to downstream stations, leading to localized erosion within the downstream reach. The results offer valuable insights for monitoring debris flow and analyzing sediment movement influenced by bed structures such as step-pools.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An auxiliary decision-support model for landslide treatment by integrating knowledge graph and case-based reasoning 基于知识图和案例推理的滑坡治理辅助决策支持模型

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-025-04536-0

Fei Ding, Daichao Li, Xinlei Jin, Minjiang Liu, Xiaohui Wang, Yuan Li

{"title":"An auxiliary decision-support model for landslide treatment by integrating knowledge graph and case-based reasoning","authors":"Fei Ding, Daichao Li, Xinlei Jin, Minjiang Liu, Xiaohui Wang, Yuan Li","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04536-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04536-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The primary task in reducing the risk and hazards of landslides is to quickly identify and implement effective treatment measures. Currently, case-based reasoning (CBR) has shown significant results in landslide treatment decision-support applications, but this method still faces issues such as weak geographic spatial characteristics representation, unreasonable weight assignment, and interference from pseudo-similar cases. In response, this study proposes an auxiliary decision-support model for landslide treatment by integrating knowledge graph and case-based reasoning (KGCBR). First, a landslide treatment knowledge graph (KG) is constructed, and the TransH knowledge embedding model is used to obtain the geographical similarity of landslide attributes, which is then integrated into case representation to enhance its geographical spatial characteristics representation capability. Second, leveraging the grey wolf optimizer (GWO), an adaptive weight optimization assignment method is devised to obtain the optimal weights of landslide attributes, and the k-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm is introduced to retrieve k similar historical cases. Finally, the treatment measures of similar historical cases for different values of k are statistically analyzed and filtered to correct the recommended measures and eliminate the randomness of the results. Experimental results show that the model achieves a minimum recommendation error rate of 16.23%, lower than the case-based reasoning methods based on averaging weighting (24.42%) and entropy weighting (24.00%). It also demonstrates high engineering rationality and reliability in analyzing engineering treatment cases. Overall, the model can recommend widely applicable landslide treatment measures to decision-makers, reducing decision-making time costs and uncertainty, and meeting practical application needs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitigating the effect of specimen size on uniaxial compressive rock strength using a generalised correction and experimental testing method 采用广义修正和实验测试方法减轻试样尺寸对岩石单轴抗压强度的影响

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-025-04517-3

Marek Brabec, Juraj Štetiar, Lukáš Krmíček

{"title":"Mitigating the effect of specimen size on uniaxial compressive rock strength using a generalised correction and experimental testing method","authors":"Marek Brabec, Juraj Štetiar, Lukáš Krmíček","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04517-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04517-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Uniaxial compressive strength is one of the key characteristics of rocks, typically determined by laboratory-controlled destruction of cylindrical specimens. Previous studies have found that the diameter and length-to-diameter ratio of the specimen affect the obtained strength value. The current understanding of the diameter effect is not convincing, and thus considering the low variability of extracted core sizes, the effect can be neglected. The length-to-diameter ratio effect is more distinct and, hence, it represents the main component of the correction models. Previously established corrections of the ratio effect differed in the reference ratio value corresponding to the assumed unaffected strength value. In our paper we propose a new generalised and fully variable correction method built around a single parameter plateauing equation with an additional parameter controlling the target ratio value. In addition to this correction, we also propose a new experimental testing method for unaffected uniaxial compressive strength determination using a set of rock specimens with variable length-to-diameter ratio.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10064-025-04517-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study of the viscosity reduction mechanism of clay with dispersants: case study of mud cake treatment in Zhanjiang 分散剂对粘土降粘机理的研究——以湛江泥饼处理为例

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-025-04499-2

Jian Zhang, Guoping Ren, Tugen Feng, Yu Liang, Haibo Wang

{"title":"Study of the viscosity reduction mechanism of clay with dispersants: case study of mud cake treatment in Zhanjiang","authors":"Jian Zhang, Guoping Ren, Tugen Feng, Yu Liang, Haibo Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04499-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04499-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mud cake formation, which impacts construction efficiency, is prone to occur when a slurry shield passes through viscous formations. In this study, the viscosity reduction effect of dispersants was investigated, with a focus on the stability of the excavation face. The viscosity reduction mechanism was revealed through interactions with the double electric layer/solute/apparent structure of the clay. The presence of polycarboxylate (PCAC) at a concentration of 1.5% increased the risk of mud cake formation because of its viscosity-enhancing properties. Additionally, the inclusion of tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) increased the risk of excavation face instability because it led to an excessive reduction in viscosity. The mechanism by which dispersants reduced viscosity was revealed on the basis of two factors. (1) The effectiveness of viscosity reduction was directly proportional to the repulsion strength of the double electric layer, whereas its intensity was determined by the energy barrier. For example, the S-type reagent exhibited superior viscosity reduction owing to the increased concentrations of Na + and increased pH values in the solute, thereby increasing the thickness of the double electric layer and the maximum repulsion force. (2) Changes in apparent structure would not necessarily lead to a decrease in viscosity. For instance, the presence of PCAC could increase the particle size distribution to more than 10 μm, whereas the irregular entanglement of large particles could increase the viscosity. This research provided valuable insights into the development of new dispersants and mud cake treatments for engineering applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Freeze–thaw impacts on the mechanical behavior of silty clay: Insights from experimental and DEM investigation 冻融对粉质粘土力学行为的影响：来自实验和DEM研究的见解

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-025-04446-1

Run Liu, Rui Zhang, Ruohan Sun

{"title":"Freeze–thaw impacts on the mechanical behavior of silty clay: Insights from experimental and DEM investigation","authors":"Run Liu, Rui Zhang, Ruohan Sun","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04446-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04446-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Seasonally frozen soil areas experience freeze–thaw cycles (FTCs), which affect the soil's mechanical properties and should be considered during geotechnical engineering applications. Therefore, understanding the micro-mechanism of soil's macro-mechanical characteristics exposed to the FTCs is necessary. This study explored the impact of FTCs on the macro–micro properties of silty clay by performing F-T tests, triaxial compression tests, and the corresponding Distinct Element Method (DEM) simulations. The effect of FTCs on the macroscopic shear properties of silty clay in Sichuan Province, including stress–strain behavior, peak deviatoric stress, cohesion, and internal friction angle, was investigated utilizing laboratory triaxial compression tests. In addition, a novel approach based on DEM, which considers the expansion–contraction influence of ice particles on the pores and the impact of FTCs on the structure of granular soils, was developed to simulate the fabric evolution of granular soils after FTCs. According to the results, macroscopically, failure strength, internal friction angle, and cohesion were in a decrement trend as FTCs increased. On the microscopic scale, with the increase of the FTCs, the degree of soil anisotropy decreased, and the contact and force fabric anisotropy coefficients decreased, which contributed to the decrease in macroscopic shear strength. In addition, a linear and unique relationship was detected between the macroscopic stress ratio <i>q/p</i> of the granular system and the microstructural stress ratio of the strong contact network <span>({Phi }_{d}^{s}/{Phi }_{m}^{s})</span>, independent of the number of FTCs. Increased FTCs caused a rearrangement of weakly contacted networks, resulting in macroscopically different mechanical behavior.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Indirect estimation of compressive strength of industrial byproduct-geopolymer stabilized cohesive soils: a novel hybrid extreme gradient boosting model 工业副产物-地聚合物稳定黏性土抗压强度的间接估计：一种新的混合极端梯度增强模型

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-025-04501-x

Qianglong Yao, Yiliang Tu, Jiahui Yang

{"title":"Indirect estimation of compressive strength of industrial byproduct-geopolymer stabilized cohesive soils: a novel hybrid extreme gradient boosting model","authors":"Qianglong Yao, Yiliang Tu, Jiahui Yang","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04501-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04501-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Geopolymers prepared from industrial by-products (IBPs) significantly enhance the compressive strength (CS) of cohesive soils. However, existing machine learning (ML) models for predicting the CS of IBP--geopolymer stabilized cohesive soils (IBP-GCS) are limited by their consideration of few influencing factors and narrow applicability. To address these limitations, a hybrid ML model was constructed that leverages the contents of key chemical components to predict the CS of IBP-GCS. Firstly, a database of 787 samples was compiled from the literature. Secondly, eight ML models were trained and tested, and their generalization performance was evaluated using six performance metrics. Finally, Shapley additive explanation method was employed to assess the importance of the feature variable. The results indicate that the extreme gradient boosting model tuned with the zebra optimization algorithm (ZOA-XGB) achieved the best performance, with a coefficient of determination of 0.91 on the independent test set. The contents of calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, and the curing age were identified as the key variables affecting CS. Further optimization strategies were proposed to improve the effectiveness of IBP-GCS. When the total water content is less than 50%, specific recommendations are made: the silicon dioxide content should be below 1.87%, the aluminium oxide content below 2.47%, and the calcium oxide content above 5.50%. Thus, the established ZOA-XGB model provides a reliable tool for predicting the CS of IBP-GCS based on the contents of key chemical components, offering scientific and practical guidance for the design and construction of IBP-GCS in soft foundation engineering.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of permeability properties and anisotropy characteristics for fractured rock masses 裂隙岩体渗透性及各向异性特征研究

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-025-04514-6

Kejing Chen, Qinghui Jiang

{"title":"Investigation of permeability properties and anisotropy characteristics for fractured rock masses","authors":"Kejing Chen, Qinghui Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04514-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04514-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper introduces a method for determining the permeability matrix of fractured rock masses using a fracture geometry tensor. By utilizing the eigenvalues of the permeability matrix, the calculated anisotropy index (<i>K</i><sub><i>AI</i></sub>) provides insight into the permeability characteristics of fractured rock masses. This index ranges from 0 to 1.414, with higher values signifying a more pronounced degree of anisotropy. Through a detailed analysis of fracture distribution, the study systematically examines the degree of anisotropy across various fracture patterns. It reveals the impact of fracture spacing and aperture on permeability anisotropy, while expertly characterizing the spatial variability of the permeability matrix elements. Furthermore, the relationship between confining pressure and fracture aperture is explored, shedding light on the effects of confining stress on seepage behavior. The findings elucidate how confining pressure alters both the aperture ratio and the anisotropy index of fractures. The mechanisms by which variations in direction and spacing affect permeability parameters under different confining pressures are investigated. By integrating these insights with results from comprehensive field measurements of ground stress, a relationship between stress and depth is constructed, revealing how changes in depth influence permeability characteristics. This research not only advances the understanding of fractured rock masses but also paves the way for more effective management and utilization of subsurface resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced stabilization of weak materials derived from highly weathered slate rock under harsh climatic conditions 在恶劣的气候条件下，增强来自高度风化板岩的弱材料的稳定性

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-025-04458-x

Hamid Reza Akbari, Hassan Sharafi

{"title":"Enhanced stabilization of weak materials derived from highly weathered slate rock under harsh climatic conditions","authors":"Hamid Reza Akbari, Hassan Sharafi","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04458-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04458-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Extensive research in the field of soil improvement has led to significant advancements, many of which offer environmentally friendly solutions. The performance of these solutions in practical applications is particularly crucial, as their durability under local climatic conditions determines their overall effectiveness. In this study, to evaluate the mechanical and microstructural behavior of stabilized soils under wet-dry and freeze–thaw cycles, weak subbase materials derived from the chemical weathering of slate were stabilized and reinforced using an environmentally friendly approach incorporating lime, nano-zeolite, and polypropylene fibers. The optimal composition was then subjected to severe climatic conditions, including multiple wet-dry and freeze–thaw cycles, and its mechanical behavior was evaluated in terms of maximum strain energy, secant modulus, residual stress, and brittleness along with its microstructural characteristics was thoroughly examined. The results indicate that the stabilized 12LZPP specimen (containing 7.8% lime, 4.2% nano-zeolite, and 1% fiber), after enduring climatic conditions, retained the minimum acceptable subbase criterion and more than 91% of the absorbed energy. Additionally, the residual stress at 10% strain remained above 120% of the initial soil. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns corroborated the mechanical and chemical analysis results. Finally, the effectiveness of this method was comprehensively validated in terms of mechanical, microstructural, and environmental aspects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seismic response of a layered slope with bedrock reinforced by anchored sheet-pile walls and frame beams in shaking table test 锚定板桩墙加框架梁加固基岩层状边坡的地震响应

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-025-04474-x

Haizhou Feng, Guanlu Jiang, Zilei He, Shenxin Pan, Hongyu Chen

{"title":"Seismic response of a layered slope with bedrock reinforced by anchored sheet-pile walls and frame beams in shaking table test","authors":"Haizhou Feng, Guanlu Jiang, Zilei He, Shenxin Pan, Hongyu Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04474-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04474-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper researches seismic characteristics of a high-steep layered slope reinforced with anchored sheet-pile walls and frame beams through shaking table tests. Two groups of shaking table tests were conducted, Group 1 was a natural slope and Group 2 was corresponding reinforcement slope. Acceleration response and deformation of both slopes were compared. Frequency-domain features of pile acceleration and earth pressure were analyzed. The seismic damage and failure mode of both slopes were revealed through the marginal spectrum and failure process of the slope. The results indicate deformations of the layered slope can be divided into three stages: the elastic deformation‒the elastic-plastic deformation‒the plastic deformation. The anchored sheet-pile walls and frame beams restrict slope deformation, reduce seismic inertia effect and enhance the seismic stability of slope. The positive acceleration amplification factors of slopes exhibit a significant elevation amplification effect, while the negative acceleration amplification factors of slopes decrease with seismic magnitude, resulting in a “truncation” phenomenon along slope height. Low-frequency earthquake energy plays a dominant role in dynamic response of the anchored sheet-pile walls during seismic events. The slope marginal spectrum and negative acceleration response can serve as a basis for assessing occurrence of sliding failure in layered slopes. The study provides a reference for seismic optimization design of high-steep layered slopes with bedrock.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145204633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Formation mechanism and evolution characteristics of the loess–mudstone interface landslide in Yan’an, China 延安黄土-泥岩界面滑坡形成机制及演化特征

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10064-025-04488-5

Penghui Ma, Qixian Jiao, Yalin Nan, Chuanzhi Zhang, Zekun Li, Luqing Zhao, Lisen Chen, Ning Han, Jianbing Peng

{"title":"Formation mechanism and evolution characteristics of the loess–mudstone interface landslide in Yan’an, China","authors":"Penghui Ma, Qixian Jiao, Yalin Nan, Chuanzhi Zhang, Zekun Li, Luqing Zhao, Lisen Chen, Ning Han, Jianbing Peng","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04488-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04488-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Loess–mudstone interface landslides (LMILs) are among the most frequent loess landslides in China, caused by contrasting permeability and mechanical properties between loess and mudstone. In August 2020, a large LMIL occurred in Yan’an, exhibiting creeping deformation for nearly two years, severely impacting nearby infrastructure and necessitating costly remediation. This study investigates the landslide’s evolution, material properties, triggering factors, and formation mechanisms through field surveys, boreholes, UAV photogrammetry, deformation monitoring, triaxial tests, SEM scanning, and GeoStudio simulation. Results show that the landslide underwent three distinct sliding phases, triggered by combined effects of artificial excavation, rainfall, and reservoir water level rise. The landslide measured approximately 340 m wide, 230 m long, 5–49 m thick, with a total volume of 2.65 × 10⁶ m³. Deformation exhibited clear zoning (tensile–shear–extrusion), with decreasing displacement and crack density from rear to front. Loess and mudstone strength declined significantly with increased water content, as infiltrating water dissolved soluble salts and cementing agents, reducing cohesion and internal friction. SEM analysis revealed increased pore development and microstructural damage, altering stress–strain behavior. Under high water content, mudstone showed a marked drop in elastic modulus, increased Poisson’s ratio, and transitioned from brittle to ductile failure, softening the interface and promoting instability. The formation of a softened zone at the loess–mudstone interface, due to differential permeability and hydrological disturbance, was key to development of the sliding surface and ultimate failure. These findings highlight the critical role of hydro-mechanical coupling in LMIL evolution and provide insights for early warning and mitigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145204635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0