Investigation on the stability of loose soil slope considering the coupling effect of seepage and runoff: theoretical analysis and flume test

IF 4.2 2区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI:10.1007/s10064-025-04531-5

Yang Wang, Yufeng Wei, Fei Ye, Qianfeng Xiao, Guangcao Lv, Wenxi Fu

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Abstract

Precipitation is a critical triggering factor in the phenomenon of slope failures in loose soil, attributable not only to its seepage impact but also to the erosive potential of runoff. In this paper, the shallow failure mechanism of slopes is analyzed through flume tests, and it is found that, under the combined action of soil seepage and surface runoff, loose slopes undergo a shallow traction-type fluidized instability failure. Based on the flume observations, the coupling effect of soil seepage and surface runoff on slope failures is analyzed by establishing a hydro-mechanical coupling model. The Navier-Stokes and Brinkman-extended Darcy equations are employed to describe the runoff along the slope surface and the seepage within the soil, respectively. The flow velocities of seepage within the soil and runoff on the surface are derived by adopting a continuous boundary condition at the liquid-solid interface. A modified slope stability equation is derived by introducing the drag force exerted by runoff, which is affected by rainfall intensity. A sensitivity analysis of key parameters (i.e., rainfall intensity, runoff coefficient, slope angle, cohesion, and internal friction angle) is also discussed. Additionally, the proposed calculation model is validated by the Wachangwan landslide.

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考虑渗流与径流耦合效应的松散土质边坡稳定性研究：理论分析与水槽试验

降水是松散土壤中边坡失稳现象的关键触发因素，它不仅具有渗流影响，而且具有径流的侵蚀潜力。本文通过水槽试验分析了边坡的浅层破坏机理，发现在土壤渗流和地表径流的共同作用下，松散边坡发生浅层牵引型流态化失稳破坏。在水槽观测的基础上，通过建立水-力耦合模型，分析了土壤渗流和地表径流对边坡破坏的耦合作用。采用Navier-Stokes方程和Brinkman-extended Darcy方程分别描述坡面径流和土内渗流。在液固界面处采用连续边界条件，导出了土内渗流速度和地表径流速度。引入受降雨强度影响的径流阻力，导出了修正的边坡稳定性方程。对关键参数（即降雨强度、径流系数、坡角、黏聚力和内摩擦角）的敏感性分析也进行了讨论。并以瓦厂湾滑坡为例进行了验证。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 工程技术-地球科学综合

CiteScore

7.10

自引率

11.90%

发文量

445

审稿时长

4.1 months

期刊介绍： Engineering geology is defined in the statutes of the IAEG as the science devoted to the investigation, study and solution of engineering and environmental problems which may arise as the result of the interaction between geology and the works or activities of man, as well as of the prediction of and development of measures for the prevention or remediation of geological hazards. Engineering geology embraces: • the applications/implications of the geomorphology, structural geology, and hydrogeological conditions of geological formations; • the characterisation of the mineralogical, physico-geomechanical, chemical and hydraulic properties of all earth materials involved in construction, resource recovery and environmental change; • the assessment of the mechanical and hydrological behaviour of soil and rock masses; • the prediction of changes to the above properties with time; • the determination of the parameters to be considered in the stability analysis of engineering works and earth masses.