International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of natural convection flow and heat transfer characteristics of liquid/supercritical CO2 at constant volume","authors":"ZiXuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhaijun Lu ,&nbsp;Dengke Fan ,&nbsp;Yong Tang ,&nbsp;Penglin Xiang ,&nbsp;Jiaqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Junwen Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a CFD model was used to study the natural convection of CO₂ under different initial states in a cylindrical closed high-pressure chamber. Under the premise of constant total power and heat input, the heating methods are central heating, external circumferential heating and bottom heating. The effects of CO₂ properties and heating scheme on the flow field structure, temperature stratification and flow heat transfer of the medium in the closed chamber were analysed by numerical model. It was found that in most cases, with the development of flow in the cavity, the boundary layer velocity is further weakened, the wall heat transfer tends to be stable, and one or more vortices are formed at the bottom of the cavity. The choice of heating scheme leads to significant changes in the structure of natural convection flow field in the cavity. The corresponding heat transfer coefficient of bottom heating is usually 3–5 times that of the other two heating schemes and the field temperature uniformity is better. When the temperature is close to the pseudo-critical point, the wall heat transfer is enhanced, but the fluidity shows different rules under different heating schemes. Overall, it is recommended to use internal heating, and the heating element is placed horizontally near the lower end of the cavity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108925"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entropy generation and heat-mass transfer analysis in two-phase immiscible micropolar and Jeffrey fluids under an inclined magnetic field and multiple slip conditions in a porous channel","authors":"Ankit Kumar ,&nbsp;Pramod Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The efficient management of heat and mass transfer in immiscible non-Newtonian fluids is a critical challenge in advanced engineering systems, such as heat exchangers, chemical reactors, and biomedical devices. Motivated by the present need to enhance energy efficiency and reduce entropy generation in the systems involving complex fluid interactions, in this work, the authors have investigated the entropy generation, flow dynamics, and thermal and concentration profiles of immiscible micropolar and Jeffrey fluids in a horizontal porous channel. The analysis of combined influences of thermal radiation, magnetic field, thermal slip, velocity slip and diffusion slip on the immiscible fluid’s temperature, velocity and concentration distribution, and entropy generation during the flow of non-miscible fluids via a horizontal channel occupied with porous, are the main objective of the present model. These kind of configuration rarely explored in prior research. The immiscible micropolar and Jeffrey fluids’ velocity, temperature distribution, and concentration all were determined by finding the closed form solutions of the associated governing fluid flow equations with the help of classical method. The present work assumes steady, incompressible, and laminar flow with immiscible layers separated by a sharp interface and employs the Darcy’s and Brinkman model for the porous region. The graphical results reveal several novel findings, including a 20% reduction in entropy generation with increased porosity and a 15% improvement in heat transfer efficiency due to thermal slip effects. Additionally, the temperature profile peaks at the fluid interface, showcasing the dominance of interfacial heat exchange, while Jeffrey fluids exhibit 25% higher concentration profiles compared to micropolar fluids due to their relaxation dynamics. This study fills a significant research gap by analyzing the synergistic effects of immiscibility, non-Newtonian rheology, and porous media under multiple external influences—an area neglected in previous work. The findings offer practical insights into optimizing energy-efficient designs for chemical processing, petroleum recovery, polymer extrusion, and biomedical systems. This work’s novelty is found in its thorough examination of entropy generation and heat/mass transfer mechanisms in immiscible fluid systems, highlighting the interplay of interfacial dynamics, slip conditions, and porous resistance in enhancing thermal performance and minimizing energy losses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108846"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of critical heat flux via bulk surface temperature distribution in pool boiling of water","authors":"Zhihao Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Kang ,&nbsp;Yoshio Utaka","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancement of critical heat flux (CHF) in pool boiling through bulk surface temperature distribution is investigated. Two types of non-uniform heating plates (NUPs), a through-hole heating plate (TH-NUP) and a grooved heating plate (G-NUP), are examined. The alternating arrangement of low conductivity material (LCM) inside narrow cylindrical holes in a heating plate of high thermal conductivity material (HCM) causes different-mode-interacting boiling (DMIB) for TH-NUP with the interference of different boiling modes (nucleate and film) and intensities in boiling. Another is LCM grooves on the surface of G-NUP, which enhance CHF mainly by activated bubble detachment. In this study, the effects of material arrangement index (MAI) of pitch or area ratio of LCM on CHF are investigated experimentally. Both TH-NUP and G-NUP showed pointed curves with maximum CHFs against MAI. Those values were about factors of 2 and 1.9 larger than those of the uniform plate (UP), respectively. Although the MAI values at which the maximum values appeared were different, the CHF enhancement rate of TH-NUP showed a consistently higher value overall compared to G-NUP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108910"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular dynamics simulation of reinforced silica aerogel with a phase change material at different initial pressures","authors":"Jialing Li ,&nbsp;Ali B.M. Ali ,&nbsp;Shahram Babadoust ,&nbsp;Soheil Salahshour ,&nbsp;Rozbeh Sabetvand ,&nbsp;Ameni Brahmia","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aerogel, the lightest known solid, has distinctive features that make it advantageous for aerospace and advanced materials applications. This study investigates the mechanical properties of silica aerogel supplemented with paraffin as a phase transition material, evaluating the effect of initial pressures ranging from 1 to 10 bar. Molecular dynamics simulations are utilized to explore changes in stress-strain behavior, ultimate strength, and Young's modulus to assess structural responses in a variety of conditions. The equilibration procedure resulted in temperature stabilization at 300 K and potential energy convergence at −1500.789 eV, hence demonstrating system stability. As the initial pressure escalated from 1 to 5 bar, both ultimate strength and Young's modulus diminished from 620.32 MPa and 1777.53 MPa to 538.31 MPa and 1188.13 MPa, respectively. This reduction was ascribed to diminished atomic cohesion and heightened particle oscillation. Nonetheless, elevating the pressure from 5 to 10 bar altered this tendency, resulting in ultimate strength and Young's modulus increasing to 563.23 MPa and 1316.39 MPa, respectively, indicating enhanced mechanical stability. The results indicate that adjusting the initial pressure served as a method to regulate the mechanical strength of aerogel, presenting significant advantages for industries necessitating lightweight, robust materials. The work enhanced existing knowledge by clarifying the intricate function of initial pressure in maximizing the structural integrity of reinforced aerogels, surpassing earlier static reinforcing techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108934"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building efficient thermal transport of graphene/LiNbO3 heterogeneous interface","authors":"Can Yu ,&nbsp;Kunlong Cao ,&nbsp;Ping Yang ,&nbsp;Haiying Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the thermal transport of the graphene/ferroelectric crystal lithium niobate (LiNbO₃) interface by molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that lithium niobate thickness are not significantly correlated with ITR, the increase of graphene area will slightly enhance ITR, and the enhancement of interfacial coupling strength leads to monotonic decrease of ITR. The increasing ambient temperature and graphene vacancy concentration promote the vibration of low-frequency phonons in graphene and lithium niobate, resulting in a gradual decrease in the ITR of the interface. In addition, low concentration hydrogenation on both sides of monolayer graphene can also effectively reduce ITR and improve the heat transfer performance between interfaces. This study contributes to understand the thermal transport of the graphene/LiNbO₃ interfaces and provides an effective method for efficient thermal management of graphene/LiNbO₃ interfaces in optoelectronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108926"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Froude model applicability for flame and thermal properties of tunnel fires with different cross-section scale ratios","authors":"Wenhao Yan,&nbsp;Chenguang Li,&nbsp;Pengju Zhao,&nbsp;Zihe Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, two series of tunnel fires with two cross-section scale ratios (0.71 and 0.565) were experimented to investigate the applicability of the Froude similarity principle in reduced-scale and prototypical tunnel fires, and the similarity of the flame length and temperature distribution in natural ventilation tunnel fires was discussed in detail. The results show that when flames of the same scale HRR are in the same flame stage, the transverse flame lengths of prototype and reduced- scale tunnel fires basically match after the scale ratio conversion, and the Froude model is applicable to the transverse flame length of tunnel fires. However, there is a significant discrepancy in the temperature rise at the impinging point under the same scale HRR with different flame impinging stages. At the same time, due to the fire source size as well as thermal radiation, there is a large temperature discrepancy in the near fire source region, which is not in line with the Froude model, while the temperature attenuation in the far fire source region tends to be consistent after the distance conversion, which is basically applicable to the Froude model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108916"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis on heat transfer and flow-induced vibration of rotating cylinders with different degrees of freedom","authors":"Haoyu He,&nbsp;Lin Ding,&nbsp;Tian Song,&nbsp;Yue Sun,&nbsp;Jingyu Ran","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rotational dynamics and vibration dynamics are fundamental elements in engineering. Investigating the hydrodynamic response and convection of a flow-induced vibrating circular cylinder with rotation holds significant importance. This study numerically investigated mixed convection with a forced, anticlockwise rotating cylinder, considering single-degree-of-freedom (1DOF) and two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) flow-induced vibrations under uniform flow conditions. The simulations explore rotation rates (<em>α</em>) from 0 to 1.5 and reduced velocities (<em>U*</em>) from 3 to 12 at a Prandtl number (<em>Pr</em>) of 7.1. The study assumes constant fluid properties, except for density, which is modeled using the Boussinesq approximation. The results reveal distinct behaviors between 1DOF and 2DOF vibrating cylinders under rotation conditions. The peak transverse amplitude ratio remains relatively consistent for 1DOF cases, regardless of rotation rate, while the 2DOF cases exhibit significant reduction at high rotation rates. As the rotation rate increases, the vibration equilibrium position shifts upward due to the Magnus effect. Notably, 2DOF cylinders exhibit higher sensitivity to changes in rotation rate compared to 1DOF cases. Hydrodynamically, 2DOF configurations demonstrate reduced lift coefficient fluctuations and a more pronounced decrease in average drag coefficient compared to 1DOF cases. For 2DOF cylinders, a maximum reduction of 20 % in average Nusselt number is observed, though rotation effectively mitigates local surface overheating. The wake structure transitions from 2S to D pattern with increasing rotation speed, significantly influencing temperature field distribution and heat transfer characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108915"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A layered metastructure-based smart radiant regulator with enhanced emissivity modulation utilizing phase change material","authors":"Ting-Shuo Yao,&nbsp;Jun-Yang Sui,&nbsp;Rui Du,&nbsp;Ting-Hao Zhang,&nbsp;Hai-Feng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on thermal radiation, radiative cooling is a widely used technology, and plays an important role in many scenarios such as passive building cooling and infrared camouflage. Currently, dynamic control of thermal radiation devices is endowed with great expectations. However, a more efficient systematic strategy for designing smart radiant temperature regulators (SRTRs) is still urgently needed. By leveraging the phase change properties of vanadium dioxide, the proposed SRTR achieves dynamic modulation of thermal emissivity, demonstrating an average total directional emissivity exceeding 0.9 when the temperature is above the threshold temperature, and dropping below 0.1 when the threshold temperature is not been reached, particularly within the atmospheric transparent window band. The optimization results achieved by using Autonomous Particles Groups for Particle Swarm Optimization demonstrate better performance metrics compared to those obtained using conventional methods. Notably, the absorption mechanism of layered metastructure is further investigated, and its high angle dependency is effectively addressed. The demonstrates excellent angular stability and polarization insensitivity, with up to 73° in transverse electric mode and 60° in transverse magnetic one. Without taking non-radiative heat transfer into account, the cooling power achieves 214.59 W·m⁻². In this paper, a more systematic strategy for designing SRTRs is exhibited, which offers extensive potential in fields such as surface radiative cooling, infrared camouflage, and spacecraft thermal management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108933"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal control of power module in flight vehicles with intermediate thermoelectric conversion and supercritical methane cooling","authors":"Zhigang Gao ,&nbsp;Haotian Zhang ,&nbsp;Junhua Bai ,&nbsp;Hang Liu ,&nbsp;Ruifan Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The heat dissipation of power module in the electrical servo system of high-speed flight vehicles faces enormous challenge. To improve the thermal performance of power module, a new thermal control method called Intermediate Thermoelectric Regulation with Active Cooling (ITERAC) is proposed combining the regenerative cooling and thermoelectric generator (TEG). In the ITERAC, a matrix composed of multiple TEGs is used as the heat transfer medium between the power module and the heat sink with serpentine cooling channel, and the supercritical methane (S-CH₄) is as the coolant. The TEGs with controllable thermal resistance can adjust the heat transfer between power module and S-CH₄, consequently, the temperature of power module and its uniformity can be regulated by the thermoelectric conversion. Based on this idea, a mathematical model of heat transfer and thermoelectric conversion among the power module, TEGs, and heat sink is established. The model is solved by a program calculation, and validated by comparing to the experiments with the same sandwich structure, by an average deviation of 2.58 %. The simulation results of ITERAC demonstrate that an efficient heat dissipation can be realized by the heat transfer enhancement from S-CH₄, as well as an excellent control of the temperature and its uniformity of power module with the cooperation of TEGs. The controllable range of the temperature and its uniformity is enlarged with the increase of heat flux. Under the mode of identical adjustment of TEGs' load resistance, by tracking the maximum electric power output, an approximate optimal temperature uniformity can be achieved simultaneously and improved by 13.67 %. Furthermore, when the load resistance of each TEG is adjusted independently, the temperature non-uniformity of power module can be eliminated completely (Δ<em>T</em>_chip = 0 K).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108919"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Output temperature estimation of the gas flow temperature control system based on artificial neural network","authors":"Jingrui Chu,&nbsp;Baoren Li,&nbsp;Gang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the strong nonlinearity, and the difficulty to establish the analytical models for plasma heaters and mixing chambers, the performance of the gas flow temperature control system is severely restricted. To address this issue, three artificial neural network methods were used to estimate the output of the system. Simulation and experimental results indicate that, compared to the simulation models based on mathematical models and the system output estimation models based on feedforward neural networks, both time-delay neural network and nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous input neural network can improve the accuracy of output estimation. The nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous input neural network reduced the average system output estimation error to 0.099 K, significantly enhancing the accuracy of the estimated output for the real system. For output estimation in time varying systems, incorporating time delays to account for historical data can improve the estimation accuracy of neural networks. Furthermore, in systems where the output can be dynamically collected, adding output feedback can further enhance the estimation accuracy. This is crucial for improving the control accuracy of the gas flow temperature control system and is also insightful for output estimation in similar time-varying control systems</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108917"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}