International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer最新文献

{"title":"Development and testing of a portable on-desk-size Maisotsenko indirect evaporative cooler for Central Saudi Arabia's climate","authors":"Fayez Aldawi","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Maisotsenko indirect evaporative cooler (M-cycle cooler) provides sub-wet-bulb cooling without adding humidity to the supply air. However, unlike direct evaporative cooler, M-cycle has been developed only at large scales primarily for commercial applications. This study introduces the design and testing of a novel, portable, desk-sized M-cycle cooler for localized spot cooling under Saudi Arabia's climate conditions (30–50 °C and 10–30 % relative humidity). A total of around 30 experiments is conducted, varying thermal and fluid parameters. A super-hydrophilic micro-cotton-coated membrane was used to enhance efficiency by ensuring a uniform, thin water film in the working channels. The effects of inlet airflow, airflow ratio, inlet temperature, and relative humidity are analyzed to evaluate this small cooler's suitability for Central Saudi Arabia. Results demonstrated the feasibility of achieving sub-wet-bulb supply temperatures under specific flow conditions. Higher airflow ratios yielded colder outlet temperatures but reduced supply air mass flow, with an optimal airflow ratio maximizing cooling capacity. The cooler's efficiency improved in warmer, drier conditions, delivering greater temperature drops. This compact cooler is ideal for small desk spaces, providing efficient localized dry cooling solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109820"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-objective shape optimization of a longitudinal fin with temperature-dependent properties and internal heat generation using orthogonal collocation and differential evolution","authors":"Fran Sérgio Lobato ,&nbsp;Fábio de Oliveira Arouca","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work studies the multi-objective design of a longitudinal fin. The energy transfer process along the fin is modeled by assuming that heat is dissipated from the surface to the environment through natural convection and radiation, while also accounting for internal heat generation within the fin. In this context, the objective is to determine the optimal fin geometry that maximizes both the heat transfer rate at the base and efficiency. To achieve this, Bezier curves are used to define the control points that characterize the geometry. The Orthogonal Collocation Method is employed to simulate the boundary value problem representing the process of interest. The MODE algorithm is then applied to optimize the fin geometry. The influence of the parameters that characterize the mathematical model, as well as the energy contributions, is also investigated. The results demonstrate that the proposed methodology provides a promising approach for integrating the energy balance. Furthermore, it allows for the selection of a point with a good trade-off between the considered objectives, enabling the enhancement of heat transfer through the optimal fin geometry for each point on the Pareto curve.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109821"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal pyrolysis optimization and production forecasting in heterogeneous shale formations for enhanced oil recovery with large language models","authors":"Bin Chen ,&nbsp;Ka Gao ,&nbsp;Hangling Sun ,&nbsp;Chenyu Zhou ,&nbsp;Huinan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oil shale, a significant unconventional fossil energy resource, plays a crucial role in global energy security. However, its complex composition and heterogeneous nature pose substantial challenges for efficient extraction and utilization, often resulting in suboptimal energy yields and environmental concerns. This study presents an innovative approach called <strong>Ling</strong>u-<strong>G</strong>raph <strong>H</strong>ybrid <strong>N</strong>etwork (LingGHN) to optimizing oil shale extraction and thermal utilization processes, addressing critical challenges in fossil energy efficiency and environmental sustainability. We develop a comprehensive framework that elucidates complex relationships among key parameters governing shale oil production, capturing the intricate dynamics of oil shale composition, reactive processes, and production indicators. Our method offers unprecedented insights into subsurface mechanics, demonstrating significant improvements in predicting oil yield and quality under various extraction conditions. Notably, this approach enables the identification of optimal operational parameters for maximizing energy efficiency and minimizing environmental impact in oil shale utilization. The integration of domain-specific knowledge enhances the framework’s ability to generate physically meaningful insights, bridging the gap between data-driven predictions and chemical engineering principles. Our findings contribute to the broader goal of optimizing fossil energy use while supporting the transition to more sustainable energy systems. This research not only advances the field of energy chemistry but also demonstrates the potential of innovative systems in addressing complex challenges in fossil fuel utilization, carbon management, and energy conversion technologies. Our relevant code can be utilized at <span><span>https://github.com/AmbitYuki/Machine-Learning/tree/main/H-SRSF</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109844"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal management of high-power systems via aluminum vapor chambers: fabrication and characterization","authors":"Yuankai Yang,&nbsp;Yingxi Xie,&nbsp;Zhanbo Liang,&nbsp;Yunpeng Yao,&nbsp;Shu Yang,&nbsp;Yong Li,&nbsp;Longsheng Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address challenges in manufacturing and phase-change heat transfer for lightweight, high-performance large-area aluminum vapor chambers (LAVCs) in demanding applications such as aerospace thermal management and battery cooling, this study fabricated a cost-effective LAVC (604 mm × 298 mm) using sintering and brazing. Brazing produced a uniform dendritic structure, ensuring reliable bonding, while sintering formed a multilayer wire mesh wick that reduced thermal resistance. The effects of filling ratio and gravity orientation on thermal performance were systematically investigated. Under lateral orientation, the LAVC performance improved steadily as the filling ratio increased from 80 % to 120 %. In contrast, under vertical orientation, higher filling ratios provided superior performance below 400 W, but beyond this point only the 100 % filling ratio continued to improve, reaching the ultimate power limit. The gravity-assisted vertical LAVC achieved a 560 W heat transfer limit (7× that of an aluminum plate), a minimum thermal resistance of 0.061 K/W, and an effective thermal conductivity of 13,410.4 W/(m·K). Infrared imaging further verified rapid heat spreading, excellent temperature uniformity, and mitigation of hot spots. These results demonstrate that lightweight, large-area LAVCs offer high power-handling capability and stable operation in complex thermal management scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109848"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The application and development of Pennes' biological heat transfer model in human comfort and thermal therapy","authors":"Chongyuan Li ,&nbsp;Junkai Yao ,&nbsp;Yuefeng Li ,&nbsp;Yin Wei ,&nbsp;Mengsheng Li ,&nbsp;Yuhao Shen ,&nbsp;Gaowei Shao ,&nbsp;Haichao Feng ,&nbsp;Hao Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since Pennes' bioheat equation was proposed in 1948, bioheat transfer research has seen many insightful models, yet challenges like tissue heterogeneity, dynamic changes, and complex boundary conditions persist. Given that there is currently no comprehensive literature that systematically reviews the development and wide application of the Pennes equation, This review examines the equation's applications in human thermal comfort and thermotherapy, highlighting its role in modeling heat conduction in biological tissues. Studies show that Pennes-based models aid in understanding physiological processes, enable the development of novel medical tools, and have broad uses in TCM moxibustion and thermal comfort assessment. The review further discusses the model's potential in personalized medicine and AI integration, emphasizing the need for continued research to advance thermoregulatory insights, clinical solutions, and disease thermodiagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109724"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transient numerical investigation on coupled heat transfer of regenerative cooling channels with typical lattice sandwich structures","authors":"Shibin Luo,&nbsp;Zhongding Tang,&nbsp;Jiawen Song,&nbsp;Jun Liu,&nbsp;Daiwei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To meet the growing requirements of thermal protection for scramjet engines, two typical lattice structures, Kagome and pyramid, are applied to the regenerative cooling channel. This paper presents a transient numerical investigation of coupled heat transfer for lattice sandwich cooling channels. The results indicate that under identical pressure drop, heat flux, and coolant flow conditions, compared to the traditional rectangular channel, the maximum temperatures of the back side wall for the two lattice channels decrease by 40.6 % and 39.2 %, respectively, with a faster temperature response rate. However, the maximum temperatures of gas side wall for the two lattice channels are 9.2 % and 10.2 % higher than that for the rectangular channel, potentially increasing the risk of overtemperature damage. Notably, under the same conditions of relative density for cooling channels and contact area between the lattice core and the bottom panel, the heat transfer calculation results for Kagome lattice channel and pyramid lattice channel are almost similar.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109751"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy dissipation mechanism of femtosecond laser ablation of DLC/Ti/TiN multilayer heterogeneous films","authors":"Junjie Liu ,&nbsp;Chang Liu ,&nbsp;Lei Gao ,&nbsp;Sinan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultra-hard multilayer heterostructured diamond-like carbon (DLC)/Ti/TiN thin films, featured by their unique multi-interfacial architecture and excellent wear resistance integrated with thermal impedance properties, have been developed as composite anti-friction and wear-resistant microfilms for complex working conditions. Femtosecond laser-controlled ablation has emerged as a key technology for precise micro-nano machining of such thin-film materials, with energy dissipation serving as the fundamental mechanism governing controlled ablation. However, the underlying physical mechanisms remain poorly understood. Herein, the femtosecond laser ablation of DLC/Ti/TiN films was investigated via integrated ablation experiments, multi-scale finite element modeling, and advanced characterization techniques (FIB, SEM, EDS), aiming to reveal the energy dissipation dynamics that govern material removal and structural evolution. Firstly, a proposed model simulates the energy transfer characteristics (deposition, absorption, diffusion) during femtosecond laser ablation and calculates the specific electron explosion force. For the first time, the energy distribution ratios among the three dominant interaction mechanisms (thermal conduction, plasma formation, and electron explosion force) are quantified. This quantification unveils their nonlinear dependence on laser energy. Detailed characterizations of inverted conical blind holes and diffusion zones confirm that plasma recoil dominates material ejection, while electron explosion forces drive interfacial delamination. The splashing morphology and crack propagation are correlated with recoil pressure gradients and Coulomb repulsive stress waves, and the redeposited particles at hole openings verify momentum dissipation during axial ejection. Furthermore, non-thermal mechanisms are identified to maintain structural integrity: Raman spectroscopy reveals graphitization of DLC without interfacial delamination, and EDS analysis confirms extremely low oxidation levels, as plasma-dominated material removal limits oxidation. As a result, femtosecond ablation induces only local phase transitions and minimal structural damage in multilayer films. Finally, this research provides a solid theoretical foundation for controlled femtosecond laser micro-nano manufacturing of DLC/Ti/TiN thin films, highlighting the critical role of energy dissipation dynamics in guiding process optimization and material design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109822"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large eddy simulation of flame stabilization in a hollow supersonic combustor with parallel-cavity","authors":"Kaijing Jia ,&nbsp;Chibing Shen ,&nbsp;Zhiqun Meng ,&nbsp;Haoming He ,&nbsp;Zhuoling Liu ,&nbsp;Luchang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A square (SQ), rectangular (RE) and circular (CI) hollow supersonic combustor with parallel-cavity is proposed and investigated on the base configuration (BC) design by large eddy simulation (LES). At the parallel-cavity, the high temperature flame and subsonic zones are larger in RE than those in SQ and CI, but do not develop as well downstream as in SQ and CI. The total pressure recovery in CI is 0.70, which is the smallest total pressure loss among the four configurations. The fuel has high penetration ability and significant diffusion downstream in SQ and CI. The heat release power (<em>HRP</em>) of supersonic and diffusion combustion in SQ is 186.0 kW and 245.5 kW respectively, and the total <em>HRP</em> is 286.9 kW, which are the highest among the four configurations, increasing by 2.0 % compared to RE, 36.5 % compared to CI, and 3.5 % compared to BC. The rectangular and circular hollow walls facilitate supersonic-diffusion and supersonic-premixed combined combustion modes, respectively. There is better combustion with a pronounced peak of heat release in SQ, and a concentrated heat release in RE, while the heat release in CI is smoother throughout the space.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109816"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dehumidification induced thermal behaviour and efficiency analysis of T shaped porous metallic fin: A semi analytical approach using Homotopy Perturbation Method","authors":"P.L. Pavan Kumar ,&nbsp;B.J. Gireesha ,&nbsp;P. Venkatesh","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The novelty of this study lies in applying the Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM) to analyse T-shaped porous metallic fin under dehumidification, a configuration that has not been explored in previous works. The research provides a comprehensive thermal and efficiency analysis of fin made of Copper (Cu) and Aluminium (Al), where condensation-driven heat and mass transfer within the porous medium is represented through Darcy's law. The governing nonlinear differential equations for the stem and flange regions are solved using HPM, with results validated against established literature. The thermal behaviour analysis shows that the stem maintains a higher temperature due to dominant axial conduction, rising by 14.62 % for Al and 8.64 % for Cu, while the flange remains relatively uniform with lower temperature gains of 0.23 % and 0.14 %. Cu fin outperform Al fin due to higher thermal conductivity, showing 8.64 % and 0.14 % increases in the stem and flange compared to 14.62 % and 0.23 % for Al. Higher relative humidity reduces temperature and efficiency through stronger condensation, while a larger length ratio lowers efficiency by extending the conduction path, with other parameters also analysed for their impact on fin performance. This study improves fin design for humid environments, benefiting heat exchangers and dehumidifiers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109814"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced thermal performance and entropy management in a Y-shaped cavity with an inner rectangular Vertical Wall: A computational study with sensitivity analysis using response surface methodology","authors":"Bijan Krishna Saha ,&nbsp;Ashik Ahmed Shuvo ,&nbsp;Md. Shah Najmus Shakib ,&nbsp;Litan Kumar Saha ,&nbsp;Goutam Saha","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural convection (NC) and heat transfer (HT) in complex geometries are critical for optimizing thermal systems, including electronic cooling and energy-efficient designs. Our research aims to analyze the effect of the Rayleigh number (<em>Ra</em>) under different rectangular vertical wall (RVW) thermal boundary conditions on HT efficiency and entropy generation (E_gen). The Finite Element Method is used to solve the governing equations. Key parameters include <em>Ra</em> = 10³ to 10⁶, Prandtl number (<em>Pr</em> = 7.0), and various RVW configurations. Results reveal that an increase in Ra enhances both the average Nusselt number (Nu_avg) and E_gen while reducing the Bejan number (Be), indicating intensified flow and higher viscous dissipation. At Ra = 10⁶, the heated RVW shows only a 4.61 % higher Nu_avg than the cold RVW, but results in 88.36 % higher E_gen and a 42.25 % lower Be, suggesting a dominance of viscous effects. Sensitivity analysis shows that <em>Ra</em> is the most influential factor on Nu_avg, while RVW height (h) has a moderate and width (w) a weak positive influence. This study provides critical insights into the design of thermally efficient systems, highlighting the significant roles of RVW thermal conditions and <em>Ra</em> in balancing HT performance and E_gen within a Y-shaped enclosure<em>.</em></div><div>To ensure the accuracy of our simulation, we conducted qualitative validation using other published studies and quantitative validation, achieving an error margin below 1 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109812"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}