International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of heat generation and flow of viscous electron fluid in rectangular conductors","authors":"Andriy A. Avramenko,&nbsp;Andrii I. Tyrinov,&nbsp;Yulia Y. Kovetska,&nbsp;Andrii S. Kobzar","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108988","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108988","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study presents, for the first time, results on the flow of viscous electron liquids in conductors with a rectangular cross-section. Analytical results for the current carrier velocity were obtained using a Series solution (Fourier method). The problem was also solved numerically using the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM). Comparison of velocity profiles showed good agreement. A dimensionless criterion for the realization of ballistic and hydrodynamic regimes was obtained. An evaluation of heat release was provided as a function of a dimensionless parameter characterizing the conductor's size, as well as the time and mean free path length. It was shown that in the hydrodynamic regime, a reduction in the number of collisions leads to a decrease in heat release intensity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 108988"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled radiative-electromagnetic-thermal modeling and multi-parameter optimization for enhancing heat transfer uniformity in radio frequency pulsed vacuum drying","authors":"Dengwen Lei ,&nbsp;Chao Xu ,&nbsp;Yanhong Liu ,&nbsp;Yongkang Xie ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the effects of tray shape, loading thickness, electrode gap, vacuum level, and vacuum pulsation ratio on the heating performance during radio frequency pulsed vacuum drying (RFPVD) were systematically investigated. First, based on the established RF heating model, the radiative heat transfer equation was coupled to improve the accuracy of heat transfer simulation under vacuum conditions. Simulation results showed that the temperature uniformity index (TUI) in RF heating stage was reduced to 0.13 by suppressing the edge aggregation effect of the electric field with circular tray. Additionally, single-layer stacking and increased loading thickness effectively improved the heating rate; however, the resulting enhancement of edge aggregation resulted in the TUI increased to 0.31. When a loading thickness of 45 mm was applied, adjusting the electrode gap to 95 mm increased the heating rate and avoided the localized overheating during the heating stage. At a defined drying temperature, an appropriate vacuum level modulated the moisture evaporation rate to optimize the temperature distribution. The RFPVD experiments verified that ideal temperature distribution uniformity (TUI &lt; 0.112) and post-drying moisture content consistency (coefficient of variation&lt;5 %) could be obtained using multi-parameter optimization guided by simulation results. This study provides a theoretical basis and process optimization strategy for improving heating uniformity in RFPVD drying of granular materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 108970"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow field characteristics of lignite explosion and inhibitory effect of inert powder NaCl, K2CO3, and KH2PO4","authors":"Tianqi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The damage caused by coal dust explosions to safety production and public property is incalculable. To reveal the lignite explosion process and suppression, experimental and simulation studies are conducted. The results indicate that energy is released at an accelerated rate within 0.38 s after explosion, at a slowed rate within 0.38–0.62 s, and rapidly dissipated within 0.62–1 s. The explosion consumed a large amount of volatile from lignite particles, followed by moisture and fixed carbon. The error of the simulated pressure is 2.35 %, which proves the high consistency between the simulation and experimental results. The simulation found that before ignition, the lignite particles are evenly dispersed within 100 ms. After the explosion, the high temperature in the flow field spreads outwards in a circular pattern. The impact airflow is blocked by the inner wall, after the energy release is terminated, a vortex of airflow appears near the explosion source. KH₂PO₄ has a better inhibitory effect on lignite explosion than K₂CO₃, and K₂CO₃ has a better inhibitory effect than NaCl. Due to the interaction between carbonate and phosphate ions, the best inhibitory effect is achieved by mixing K₂CO₃ and KH₂PO₄. The synergistic effect of the two is of great significance for promoting industrial explosion prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 108987"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating sono-electrolysis for hydrogen generation and energy optimization","authors":"Yew Heng Teoh ,&nbsp;Sheng Yuh Liew ,&nbsp;Heoy Geok How ,&nbsp;Haseeb Yaqoob ,&nbsp;Mohamad Yusof Idroas ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ahmad Jamil ,&nbsp;Saad Uddin Mahmud ,&nbsp;Thanh Danh Le ,&nbsp;Hafiz Muhammad Ali ,&nbsp;Muhammad Wakil Shahzad","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen (H₂) is expected to be the new fuel generation, surpassing conventional fossil fuels and coal in reducing carbon emissions. However, green H₂ production constitutes only a minor part of the H₂ production sector. Water electrolysis is a method for green H₂ production but suffers from low energy efficiency. Auxiliary ultrasound in H₂ production is a method under research for increasing H₂ production and energy efficiency. This study evaluates the effectiveness of H₂ production with auxiliary ultrasound under various parameters of temperature (28–45 °C), solution concentration (15–45 %), voltage (3.5–10 V), and ultrasound power (silent, low, and high) for electrolysis and sono-electrolysis. The result shows that sono-electrolysis benefits from increased H₂ production compared to electrolysis when voltage, temperature, solution concentration, and ultrasound power increase. However, the energy efficiency for sono-electrolysis is lower than that for electrolysis under all conditions due to inefficient ultrasound power transmitted and low H₂ production increase with ultrasound power. The H₂ production for electrolysis reaches an optimum condition at 129.5 cm³/h with an energy efficiency of 13.15 %, while high-power sono-electrolysis produces H₂ at 265 cm³/h with an energy efficiency of 7.71 % at the optimum condition. Ultrasound increases H₂ production in electrolysis but reduces energy efficiency. A more detailed exploration of electrolysis and sono-electrolysis is still needed to achieve high H₂ production with high energy efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108980"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal enhancement analysis and geometric optimization research on the imping-jet double-layer nested microchannel heat sinks with upper streaming block","authors":"Tao Zhou ,&nbsp;Shiyang Xiang ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Shao ,&nbsp;Huanling Liu ,&nbsp;Han Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates a novel design which utilizes an upper streaming block to enhance the thermal performance of imping-jet nested microchannel heat sink (IDN-MHS) by simulations and experimental verification. Compared with the classic IDN-MHS models, the imping-jet nested microchannel heat sink with an upper streaming block (IDN-MHS-HUD) shows significant capacity in heat dissipation. A 3-Dimensional printing technique was used in experimental tests to illustrate the numerical simulation results. Experimental results are well-aligned with numerical simulations, which show that the model with the best overall thermal performance is IDN-MHS-HUD_14. The pressure drop penalty characteristic of IDN-MHS-HUD_14 is superior to that of the reference model of IDN-MHS, exhibiting a 15 % reduction in pressure drop penalty compared with the latter. Also, the Nusselt number of the model is 7.94 % higher than that of the reference model. However, in the IND-MHS-HUD model, the exit location of the upper plate is not the optimum solution. Therefore, based on the enhanced model of IDN-MHS-HUD_14, further optimizations were conducted, whose locations of exits were altered to the position x1 equals 2.1 and x2 equals 4.0 through NSGA-II optimization to obtain the optimal combination. And the calculation results show that T_max and P_max are reduced by 1.33 % and 17.54 % respectively compared with the initial design, denoting that its heat dissipation capacity outperforms considerably that of IDN-MHS-HUD_14.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108974"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boiling heat flux prediction for real nucleate boiling using bubble dynamics simulation for single-bubble nucleate boiling","authors":"Hyeon Seok Jang ,&nbsp;Daeseong Jo ,&nbsp;Il Seouk Park","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To transfer a large amount of thermal energy under a limited temperaturecondition, nucleate boiling heat transfer is used in diverse applications. However, due to the large density ratio between the liquid and gas phases, the interfacial motion of numerous bubbles is very irregular. The large latent heatcauses a large thermal discontinuity at the phase interface. Thus, the reliability of continuum-mechanics based CFD simulation has always been suspected. However, in the case of single-bubble nucleate boiling, where the motion of the phase boundary is relatively simple, numerical results from different researchers have shown good consistency and excellent agreement with experiments. Using bubble dynamics variables such as bubble departure diameter and frequency obtained from a CFD simulation of the single-bubble nucleate boiling, the present study predicts the boiling heat flux for actual nucleate boiling involving many randomly nucleated bubbles. The wall superheat-heat flux relationship has been successfully obtained for various fluids including water and HFE fluids up to a wall superheat of 25 degrees. With the acceleration of electrification and digitalization, various new refrigerants are being launched one after another. The present study would be a useful tool for evaluating the nucleate boiling characteristics of new fluids prior to experimentation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108969"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing hydrothermal performance of manifold microchannels: A study on geometric dimensionless parameters","authors":"Chaowei Chen ,&nbsp;Jingzhi Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Wang ,&nbsp;Man Wang ,&nbsp;Lin Guo ,&nbsp;Gongming Xin","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The manifold microchannel (MMC) is a promising cooling solution for electronics, with geometric parameters critically influencing its performance. This study focuses on three key dimensionless parameters: <em>γ</em> (ratio of combined inlet and outlet manifold lengths to microchannel length), <em>β</em> (ratio of inlet to outlet manifold lengths), and <em>α</em> (microchannel aspect ratio). The effects of these parameters on flow and heat transfer performance are investigated. Results reveal that <em>γ</em> and <em>β</em> significantly influence thermal-hydraulic performance and temperature distribution, with a strong interaction observed between them. Variations in these parameters cause the migration of low-temperature regions within the MMC, while pressure drop is minimized when <em>β</em> = 1. Using the <em>PEC</em> as a comprehensive metric, optimal parameter combinations are determined. The optimal <em>β</em> value is consistently 1.0, while the optimal <em>γ</em> ranges from 0.2 to 0.3, increasing with higher <em>α</em> values. Specifically, <em>γ</em> = 0.2 for <em>α</em> ≤ 8 and <em>γ</em> = 0.3 for <em>α</em> ≥ 10. These findings provide practical design guidelines for optimizing MMC configurations, enabling enhanced cooling efficiency and performance for electronics. The study bridges the gap in understanding the combined effects of geometric parameters, offering a robust framework for future MMC design and application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108979"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly mixed convection of micropolar nanofluids in a complex dynamic system with moving walls, a rotating cylinder, and anisotropic porous elements","authors":"Sameh E. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Zehba Raizah ,&nbsp;Zahra S. Hafed ,&nbsp;Muflih Alhazmi","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates shear-driven flow and the flow induced by inner rotation within a complex domain. The domain consists of an enclosure with two wavy walls and an inner heated cylinder. The non-faceted edges (irregular left wall and regular top wall) move at a constant speed, while the irregular chambers are filled with an LTNE (Local Thermal Nonequilibrium) porous medium that exhibits anisotropic permeability and thermal conductivity. The study focuses on various cases, including different movement directions of the left and top edges, cases where shear flow and inner rotation are either close or far apart, as well as the rotation direction (clockwise or counterclockwise) and varying radii of the rotating cylinder. The host fluid is a micropolar nanofluid, and a two-phase model incorporating Arrhenius energy is analyzed. The solution methodology employs a novel Point-in-Polygon Boundary Identification technique based on Finite Volume (FV) methods. Additionally, heat transfer rates around the cylinder are presented using novel polar representations. Finally, predictions of important physical quantities are made using the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique. The major results indicate to opposing boundary movements create strong recirculation and mixed convection, while uniform movements lead to more stable flow patterns. Also, despite variations in cylinder rotation, shear-induced movement remains the dominant factor influencing temperature and nanoparticle distribution. Additionally, a cylinder placed closer to shear flow regions enhances flow intensity and heat transfer, whereas larger cylinder radii strengthen rotational effects but obstruct shear flow, altering streamline patterns and reducing convective efficiency. Furthermore, in the clockwise rotation case, a cylinder radius ranging from 0.1 to 0.2 results in a 34.79 % improvement in the heat transfer rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108976"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based prediction of Nusselt number for vertical helical coils in natural convection heat transfer","authors":"Gloria Biswal,&nbsp;Ganesh Sahadeo Meshram","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Machine learning algorithms are used to predict the Nusselt Number (<em>Nu</em>) for vertical helical coils. Nusselt Number is important in heat transfer studies, especially in convective situations like vertical helical coils. Rayleigh number (<em>Ra</em>), emissivity (<em>e</em>), coil diameter to wire diameter (<em>D/d</em>), and pitch ratio (<em>p/d</em>) are used to construct reliable <em>Nu</em> prediction models. Data is collected using numerical simulations utilizing the finite-volume approach conducted in the laminar regime for the specified ranges of non-dimensional parameters: Rayleigh number (10⁴ ≤ <em>Ra</em> ≤ 10⁸), surface emissivity of the coil (0 ≤ ɛ ≤ 1), pitch to rod diameter of the coil (3 ≤ p/d ≤ 7.5), and coil height to rod diameter (40 ≤ H/d ≤ 60). Temperature-dependent fluid characteristics have been used to get precise outcomes. 400 samples with a wide variety of parameter values were collected. For model training and evaluation, the dataset was split into training (70 %) and testing (30 %) sets. Machine learning models included Decision Trees, Random Forest Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors, Extreme Gradient Boosting, and Support Vector Regression. Model performance was assessed using MSE, RMSE, MAE, and R-squared scores. All evaluation measures showed that DT predicted the <em>Nu</em> best. This study proves machine learning can anticipate vertical helical coil <em>Nu</em>. The models help engineers and academics make more accurate convective heat transfer coefficient predictions for helical coil heat transfer studies. In engineering applications, this research improves heat transfer process understanding and optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108983"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the synergetic effects of grooved gas diffusion layer and semi-blocked flow channels in improving proton exchange membrane fuel cells performance","authors":"Bahar Amani,&nbsp;Amir Zanj","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108973","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low volumetric power density is one of the barriers to the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Various techniques have been introduced to increase their power density, including modifications to the reactant flow fields to optimize species delivery to the catalyst layer. This study compares the impact of two performance-enhancing techniques on proton exchange membrane fuel cells: a semi-blocked flow channel and a grooved gas diffusion layer numerically using the finite volume method. The research introduces a novel cathode configuration combining both methods to assess their synergetic effects on proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance. Results demonstrate that while at a cell voltage of 0.6 V, the semi-blocked flow channel enhances performance by 0.569 %, and the grooved GDL yields a 0.292 % improvement; integrating both techniques achieves a synergistic enhancement exceeding 1 %. Additionally, the study examines how groove width and GDL characteristics influence the effectiveness of the introduced configuration, offering insights into optimizing cathode design for superior PEMFC performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 108973"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}