International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer最新文献

{"title":"An energy-saving battery thermal management system coupling phase change material with dynamic liquid cooling","authors":"Guoqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Weijun Xiong ,&nbsp;Jiekai Xie ,&nbsp;Xiaojie Li","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liquid cooling (LC) technology demonstrates great heat dissipation performance in battery thermal management systems (BTMSs). However, the conventional continuous flow strategy of coolant leads to unnecessary energy consumption and low temperature uniformity. Herein, a hybrid BTMS coupling composite phase change material (CPCM) with dynamic LC strategy is proposed to address these issues. The passive temperature regulation characteristic of CPCM module achieves zero-energy cooling under mild working conditions, while a real-time temperature-triggered LC strategy dynamically addresses the overflow heat under harsh working conditions, and avoids unnecessary energy consumption up to 8.3 % ∼ 81.2 %. For example, under the discharge rate of 2C, by introducing dynamic LC, the maximum temperatures and temperature differences can be maintained below 37.1 and 2.8 °C, 37.2 and 2.9 °C, and 37.4 and 3.2 °C under ambient temperatures of 25, 30 and 35 °C, respectively. More importantly, the corresponding energy consumptions are reduced by 59.6 %, 77.9 %, and 81.2 % compared to those of traditional continuous LC, respectively. This study provides an efficient and energy-saving solution for BTMSs, balancing temperature control performance and system energy consumption, with notable potential for practical applications in electric vehicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109815"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Investigation of MHD Double-Diffusive Flow and Entropy Generation in a Corrugated Enclosure with a Star-Shaped Inner Body","authors":"Ammar Abdulkadhim ,&nbsp;Kadhim Al-Chlaihawi ,&nbsp;Fatimah Al-Daamee ,&nbsp;Hameed Kadhem Hamzah","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A finite element-based numerical study is conducted on MHD double-diffusive natural convection and entropy generation in an inclined, corrugated porous enclosure with a star-shaped inner body. The role of various parameters had been selected such as enclosure's angle <span><math><mfenced><mrow><mi>Φ</mi><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>0</mn><mo>°</mo></msup></mrow><msup><mn>15</mn><mo>°</mo></msup><msup><mn>30</mn><mo>°</mo></msup><msup><mn>45</mn><mo>°</mo></msup></mfenced></math></span> along with various Rayleigh number<span><math><mfenced><mrow><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>4</mn></msup><mo>≤</mo><mi>Ra</mi><mo>≤</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>6</mn></msup></mrow></mfenced></math></span>, buoyancy ratio <span><math><mfenced><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow><mn>2</mn><mn>4</mn><mn>6</mn><mn>8</mn><mn>10</mn></mfenced></math></span> and Lewis number <span><math><mfenced><mrow><mi>Le</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.1,1</mn></mrow><mn>10</mn></mfenced></math></span> while Hartmann and Darcy numbers had been kept constant at <span><math><mfenced><mrow><mi>Ha</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>20</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>Da</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.001</mn></mrow></mfenced></math></span>. The role of corrugated length had been tested as well with ranging<span><math><mfenced><mrow><mi>L</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.1</mn></mrow><mn>0.15</mn><mn>0.2</mn></mfenced></math></span>. The results had been presented in terms of streamlines, isotherms with four different types of entropy due to fluid friction, heat transfer, double diffusive and magnetic field. Additionally, the variation of Nusselt number, Sherwood number and Bejan number had been studied as well. The major results show a small decrease in heat transfer, approximately 2.5%, with the increment of the enclosure's angle from <span><math><mi>Φ</mi><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>0</mn><mo>°</mo></msup></math></span> to <span><math><mi>Φ</mi><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>45</mn><mo>°</mo></msup></math></span>. The mass transfer decreased by 8. under the same enclosure angles values. It is important to note that entropy generation decreases by 10  with an increase in the enclosure's angle. The analysis also revealed that a longer corrugated length improved heat and mass transfer performance; however, this enhancement was accompanied by a rise in entropy generation. Lastly, the Bejan number is reduced as the corrugated length increases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109853"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shear-and buoyancy-dominated heat transfer: Influence of plate speed and nanoparticles","authors":"D. Gowthaman ,&nbsp;Ali B.M. Ali ,&nbsp;A. Shamadhani Begum ,&nbsp;I. Paulraj Jayasimman ,&nbsp;F.F. Al-Harbi ,&nbsp;Mohammed Jameel ,&nbsp;Zeineb Klai ,&nbsp;Shahid Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study conducts a detailed numerical analysis of how the speed ratio (γ) affects thermal and flow behavior within a square cavity that incorporates a diagonally moving plate. The investigation spans forced, mixed, and natural convection regimes, characterized by Richardson numbers Ri = 0.1, 1, and 10. Both heating and cooling boundary scenarios are examined to assess their distinct roles in convective heat transfer. Results indicate that higher plate speed ratios enhance heat dissipation in forced and mixed convection, particularly when the plate is cooled, with minimal effects observed in natural convection settings. The average Nusselt number trends reinforce the conclusion that plate velocity significantly influences heat transfer in shear-dominated flows but has limited impact in buoyancy-dominated conditions. Additionally, introducing nanoparticles (φ = 0.05) leads to notable improvements in heat transfer, especially under strong shear effects. These insights underscore the potential of optimizing plate motion and nanoparticle concentrations to elevate thermal efficiency in advanced heat management applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109787"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mode transition of near-field radiative heat transfer between two subwavelength cylinders","authors":"Chengrong Zeng ,&nbsp;Shuo Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaohu Wu ,&nbsp;Ceji Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) between nanostructures in the ‘dual nanoscale regime’ has attracted growing interest, especially the dramatic enhancement caused by corner and edge modes in the subwavelength coplanar membranes. However, when device geometry is further confined to subwavelength cylindrical structures — which sustain a rich set of localized electromagnetic multipolar surface modes along their sidewalls — the contributions of such modes to NFRHT remain unexplored. Here, we reveal that reducing nanostructure size drives a mode transition from surface phonon polaritons to multipolar surface modes and its effect on NFRHT between two axially aligned subwavelength silicon carbide (SiC) cylinders. When both radius and vacuum gap are significantly smaller than the thermal photon wavelength, multipolar surface modes can dominate the NFRHT. For 47-nm-radius, 400-nm-height SiC cylinders separated by a 100-nm vacuum gap, the radiative heat transfer coefficient reaches 1.53 times that of semi-infinite SiC plates at room temperature, exhibiting a 610-fold enhancement over the blackbody limit after accounting for geometric view factors. Further, the vacuum gap variation also induces the mode transition and a 2-fold enhancement relative to planar configurations can be achieved with a gap size of 50 nm. These findings provide critical insights into advancing nanoscale thermal management and energy harvesting applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109863"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the morphological dynamics and compressible characteristics in liquid CO2 flash boiling jets","authors":"Jiawei Cui ,&nbsp;Wenchuan Liu ,&nbsp;Jiren Tang ,&nbsp;Zhuoya Zhang ,&nbsp;Huidong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high proportion of CO₂ and low pressure in the Martian atmosphere provide advantages for CO₂ flash boiling jets technology used in Martian mining, and elucidating its behavior is of great significance for the Mars in-situ resource utilization. In this study, the diffused back-illumination method was used to conduct liquid CO₂ flash boiling injection experiments. A novel method called adaptive gradient threshold filtering has been proposed to identify jet boundary, which has the advantages of accuracy and smoothness. The morphology and compressible flow characteristics under different injection (<span><math><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>inj</mi></msub></math></span>) and ambient pressures (<span><math><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>amb</mi></msub></math></span>) were studied. Radial expansion dominated by flash boiling from correlation only occurred within 10<span><math><msub><mi>d</mi><mi>t</mi></msub></math></span>, which different from 20<span><math><msub><mi>d</mi><mi>t</mi></msub></math></span> of conventional fluid. The nucleation rate and system energy supply determine the radial expansion. However, the jet axial evolution characteristics may be dominated by the compressibility under constant <span><math><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>amb</mi></msub></math></span>. The position of Mach disk shows a square root relationship with the ratio of <span><math><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>inj</mi></msub></math></span> to <span><math><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>amb</mi></msub></math></span> (<span><math><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>inj</mi></msub></math></span>), which is similar to the relationship in gaseous and supercritical jets. Finally, the near-field morphology and flow field characteristics of single-hole and 5-hole nozzles were compared. The discovery of discontinuous liquid cores indicates the comprehensive effect of energy supply, condensation, and jet interaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109835"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural network and Taguchi design optimization of solvent fraction effects on heat dissipation in Bodewadt flow","authors":"V Vinay Kumar ,&nbsp;Ram Prakash Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The work examines thermo-hydrodynamic features of Boger fluid over a stretchable disk, underlining its significance in heat transfer processes across energy and cooling systems. Bodewadt flow governs the fluid dynamics, ensuring a consistent angular momentum at distant points, regulated by centrifugal forces and radial pressure gradients. This research explores three-dimensional incompressible Bodewadt flow of Boger fluid on a stretchable disk, considering the role of endothermic/exothermic reaction and Arrhenius activation energy. The mathematical framework employs similarity transformations to convert a set of partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. By employing the Runge-Kutta shooting technique, the study ensures an accurate and computationally efficient numerical solution. In addition, Taguchi-based statistical design enables efficient parameter selection while ensuring robust assessment of heat transfer behavior. Advancing further, artificial neural networks with the Levenberg–Marquardt backpropagation algorithm are employed to improve prediction accuracy. Additionally, the proposed fluid model shows optimal accuracy, confirmed by a mean square error of <span><math><mn>4.6658</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>. Findings reveal that Brownian motion significantly governs heat transfer, contributing 91.48 %, while the maximum heat transfer rate recorded reaches 0.949473.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109845"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of micropit surface geometries for inhibiting molten aluminum wetting on ductile iron","authors":"Xin Lyu ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Rui ,&nbsp;Haobo Sun ,&nbsp;Kang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Engineering microstructural surfaces represents a primary strategy for mitigating wetting-induced adhesion of molten aluminum in ladle siphoning tubes. Based on geometric conditions and force balance principles under wetting conditions, a mathematical relationship between the geometric parameters of micropit structures and the apparent contact angle was established using the Young-Dupré equation. The volume of fluid (VOF) method was employed to numerically simulate the dynamic wetting behavior of molten aluminum on surfaces with varying micropit dimensions. Simulation results demonstrate that increasing the micropit diameter, decreasing the spacing, or increasing the depth leads to a corresponding increase in the apparent contact angle, indicating suppressed wettability of the aluminum liquid. This trend aligns with theoretical model predictions, validating the effectiveness of the model. Subsequently, the microstructural dimensional parameters were optimized using response surface methodology. Micropit arrays were fabricated on ductile iron substrates via laser processing. Wetting experiments with molten aluminum at 900 °C showed that the measured contact angles were significantly higher than those on smooth surfaces, confirming the pronounced wetting-inhibition effect of the micropit structures. Interfacial analysis revealed that reactions between aluminum and iron resulted in the formation of an intermetallic compound layer that substantially exceeded the depth of the micropits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109842"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three dimensional computational assessments of nano-encapsulated phase change materials: Effects of endothermic and exothermic interactions","authors":"Abdul Hafeez ,&nbsp;Dong Liu ,&nbsp;Siddeeq Ahmad ,&nbsp;Bai Mbye Cham ,&nbsp;Min Du ,&nbsp;Shafee Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigates the thermal energy transport of heat exchangers, specifically in the cooling system of underground transmission lines. Four data transfer lines are assumed to generate heat during data transmission, and a cold line is inserted among them to extract and dissipate heat effectively. All these are enclosed within adiabatic cubical walls filled with water-based nano-encapsulated phase change materials (NEPCM). The influences of walls are neglected by assuming infinite depth enclosure. Here, the entropy generation equations are incorporated and nondimensionalized for the problem. A three-dimensional (3D) mathematical model is formulated under the assumptions of steady-state, incompressible, and laminar flow, incorporating the phase transition behavior of the NEPCM while neglecting any volume or shape variations. The finite element scheme is utilized and first validated with experimental and numerical results for computations. This analysis is based on the interplay between natural convection, the latent heat storage capabilities of phase change materials and volume fraction of NEPCM. The analysis demonstrates that an increase in thermal buoyancy strengthens fluid circulation and alters the primary mode of thermal transport from conduction to convection. Additionally, increasing the Darcy number (<em>Da</em>), the mean Nusselt number (<em>Nu</em>_<em>m</em>) increases from 7.5759 to 12.140, resulting in more efficient thermal distribution. The phase change materials exhibit distinct thermal storage behavior, marked by localized regions of elevated heat capacity, particularly near the melting zone. It is observed that increasing the concentration of nano-capsules enriches the suspension's overall heat capacity, resulting in more efficient energy storage and thermal regulation. As the Stefan number increases from 0.5 to 2, the <em>Nu</em>_<em>m</em> decreases slightly from 8.9422 to 8.7791. With an increasing Rayleigh number, the friction entropy exhibits a nonlinear rise. The mean heat entropy increases continuously as the particle concentration increases from 1 % to 5 % ,owing to the greater thermal storage capacity of the fluid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109801"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of heat sink cooling performance by optimizing geometrical parameters: Role of fin number, height, and angle","authors":"Hesam Moayedi,&nbsp;Amirhossein Ghannad bajestani","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective thermal management is a critical challenge in the design of modern electronic systems. This study systematically investigates the effect of heat sink geometry on thermal performance while maintaining a constant cross-sectional area. To achieve this objective, a series of numerical simulations were conducted on heat sinks with varying geometrical parameters, including fin number, fin height, and fin bending angle, under natural convection heat transfer conditions. Numerical results have been validated through comparison with existing numerical and experimental data. The results demonstrate that increasing the fin number and fin height enhances cooling performance, reducing thermal resistance by 93.79 % and 73.83 %, respectively. Among the fin bending angles examined, vertical fin configurations exhibit the most significant reductions in maximum temperature and thermal resistance. This numerical analysis highlights that fin geometry optimization can significantly improve cooling efficiency and, as a primary practical implication, facilitates the development of more compact and efficient heat sinks for cooling electronic devices without increasing the cross-sectional area. Evaluation of thermal resistance and system-level heat dissipation identifies Case 12 as the most effective configuration within the studied designs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109859"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrothermal augmentation of flat plates via nature-inspired surface modifications using shark skin-mimetic structures","authors":"Seyed Mahdi Emadi ,&nbsp;Mousa Farhadi ,&nbsp;Seyed Soheil Mousavi Ajarostaghi","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improvements in thermal and aerodynamic systems are fueled by biomimicry. Solar technologies inspired by photosynthesis improve energy capture, and vehicle designs that reduce drag are influenced by shark skin and bird flight. These nature-inspired solutions enhance efficiency, sustainability, and performance in the energy, transportation, and environmental engineering domains. The novelty of this work is numerically examining how rib designs inspired by shark denticles affect the fluid flow and heat transfer performance of a plate by comparing six distinct models (equipped with shark denticles) to a simple flat plate (without ribs). Each model introduces variations in denticle shape, arrangement, and angle. Two fluid flow regimes were examined in each section: laminar (<em>Re</em> = 400–1,000) and turbulent (<em>Re</em> = 5,000–20,000). According to the obtained numerical outcomes, the local Nusselt number and <em>C</em>_<em>f</em> varied significantly among the models. The present work reported a maximum increase of almost 77.79 % in the average Nusselt number compared to the simple flat plate at <em>Re</em> = 20,000. This increase demonstrates the significant influence of the altered shark denticle geometry. Moreover, at <em>Re</em> = 400 in laminar flow, the friction coefficient reaches its maximum drop, about 36.67 % from the flat plate. This substantial decrease indicates the effectiveness of the angled denticle arrangement in reducing frictional resistance. As a result, geometries inspired by the denticles of sharks significantly improve heat transfer and lower drag. The outcomes demonstrate the potential of bio-inspired designs to enhance heat transfer and aerodynamic efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109791"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}