International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing PCM-based thermal management with 3D-printed metal lattices: A comprehensive numerical analysis","authors":"Ozair Ghufran Bhatti ,&nbsp;Najam Ul Hassan Shah ,&nbsp;Shehryar Manzoor","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a three-dimensional coupled multiphase numerical model to explore how 3D-printed metallic lattices can boost the conduction pathways of a PCM-based thermal control device. Source terms in the flow equations have been modeled in line with the Carman-Kozeny framework using the enthalpy-porosity technique. Multiple lattice configurations, each maintaining a fixed 20 % lattice volume fraction but differing in cell density. The geometry is representative of a compact electronic module in a typical small satellite subsystem. Results indicate that even a modest lattice design reduces the TCD's maximum base-plate temperature by approximately 2.9 K (a drop from ∼319.4 K to ∼316.5 K, ∼0.9 % in absolute terms) compared to a no-lattice baseline, whereas the densest lattice design achieves a temperature drop of over 10 K (reducing the peak to ∼309.3 K, ∼3.2 % lower than baseline). Moreover, melt fraction rises by up to 70–80 % for higher cell density lattices. Critically, the duration spent above key temperature thresholds (e.g., 35 °C or 36 °C) declines by as much as 96 %, underscoring the design's efficacy in mitigating thermal stress. The lattice designs allowed mass efficient peak temperature suppression and faster thermal recovery, that extend operational safety margins and open new opportunities for reliably managing cyclical heat loads in space-based hardware and other applications where precise thermal regulation is paramount.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109727"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of machine learning applications in gas-liquid two-phase flow: From physical modeling to data-driven insights","authors":"Yunyu Qiu ,&nbsp;Junfeng Li ,&nbsp;Zihao Wang ,&nbsp;Ryo Yokoyama ,&nbsp;Kai Wang ,&nbsp;Jiayue Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gas–liquid two-phase flow has long been recognized as a difficult subject in the energy and process industries, mainly because of its highly complex fluid dynamics that make reliable modeling and prediction challenging. Over the years, a wide range of methods have been employed, including experimental studies, semi-empirical correlations, and numerical simulations. With the recent progress in machine learning (ML), data-driven modeling has opened new opportunities for analyzing and predicting two-phase flow behavior. This review summarizes research efforts on several representative problems—phase interface tracking, flow pattern recognition, pressure drop estimation, and critical heat flux (CHF) prediction. For each topic, we first examine conventional experimental and numerical techniques, then discuss emerging ML-based approaches, emphasizing their advantages, limitations, and practical scope. By bringing these methods together, the paper provides an integrated overview of the field and suggests future directions for advancing both fundamental research and industrial applications of two-phase flow.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109732"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical solution for thermoelastic response of a thin plate subjected to temperature shock","authors":"Andry Sedelnikov,&nbsp;Maksim Evtushenko,&nbsp;Aleksandra Marshalkina","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an analytical solution for the dynamic deflection field of a homogeneous thin plate under a temperature shock. The solution is derived by solving a one-dimensional heat conduction problem with mixed initial-boundary conditions (incorporating second and third kind boundary conditions), followed by the corresponding thermoelasticity problem. Fourier's law governs the heat transfer analysis. The thermoelastic response is formulated using the Sophie Germain equation, augmented by an inertial term. The plate exhibits constant thermophysical properties, with one edge rigidly clamped and the remaining three edges free. The objectives are to obtain an analytical solution and analyze its utility for practical applications. This solution will provide practical advantages - for example, in developing laws for controlling the angular motion of a small spacecraft taking into account the temperature shock of solar panels. The results are applicable to characterizing dynamic disturbances induced by temperature shock in spacecraft solar array panels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109737"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-temperature air circulation and preventing moisture intake to solve frosting issue in low-temperature refrigerators","authors":"Guixiang He ,&nbsp;Guoqiang Liu ,&nbsp;Tianyang Zhao ,&nbsp;Gang Yan ,&nbsp;Chenyue Wang ,&nbsp;Yue Li ,&nbsp;Cainan Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As temperature decreases, severe frosting on the cabinet walls of refrigerators affects normal use. Frosting in low-temperature refrigerators is closely related to moisture transfer. This study focuses on a refrigerator set at −40 °C to −18 °C. Firstly, the frosting phenomena and moisture transfer processes at −40 °C and − 18 °C were compared. Then, the tracer gas method was employed to quantify the moisture intake and its distribution at −40 °C. Results show that 64.3 % of the moisture enters during the door opening process and 65.7 % of the entering moisture deposits as frost on the cabinet walls, while only 34.3 % transfers to the evaporator for centralized melting. Finally, two methods are proposed to solve the frosting issue. The first is to activate the dual-temperature air circulation for 1 h after each door opening-closing operation, which can accelerate the moisture transfer to the evaporator. Experiments confirm that this method can redistribute the frosting ratio on the walls from 65.7 % to 36.0 % and maintain door opening force below 70 N. The second is to keep the fan on during each door opening process to prevent moisture intake. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation results show that this method can reduce moisture intake by 28.6 %. This study provides two novel methods for solving the frosting issue of low-temperature refrigerators, which can improve their reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109728"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Convective heat transfer characteristics of periodic oscillating jet-regenerative composite cooling for scramjet engines","authors":"Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Gongnan Xie ,&nbsp;Yuqiao Chen ,&nbsp;Yingchun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employs numerical simulation to investigate the flow and heat transfer characteristics of periodic oscillating jet-regenerative composite cooling in regenerative micro-ribbed channels on the walls of a scramjet combustor under a constant high heat flux density at the inner bottom surface. Transient flow and heat transfer properties of single-hole and array oscillating jets within a cycle were examined. Parametric studies were conducted on the jet Reynolds number (<em>Re</em>), oscillation frequency (<em>f</em>), maximum unilateral oscillation angle (<em>θ</em>), and the ratio of jet height to inlet diameter (<em>H/L</em>), with visualized analysis of numerical results. The research findings indicate that periodic oscillating jets significantly enhance the uniformity of overall heat transfer. For single-hole oscillating jets: The time-averaged Nusselt number (<em>Nu</em>) on the heated target surface increases with higher <em>Re</em>, <em>H</em>, <em>L</em>, and <em>f</em>. For every 20 m/s increase in velocity (<em>v</em>), the maximum enhancement of <em>Nu</em> reaches 76.9 %. For every 15° reduction in <em>θ</em>, the maximum improvement of <em>Nu</em> attains 66.7 %. The effect of <em>H/L</em> on <em>Nu</em> exhibits inconsistent behavior due to independent variations in <em>H</em> and L. For array jets: direct jets and reverse-oscillation jets show similar flow-heat transfer characteristics; however direct jets exhibit higher values at the jet centers. Conversely, co-directional oscillation delivers superior heat transfer performance. Variations in <em>f</em> and <em>θ</em> have minimal impact on thermal performance under reverse-direction oscillation, but larger <em>f</em> and <em>θ</em> significantly improve heat transfer efficiency and uniformity under co-directional oscillation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109733"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical aspects of gas mixture separation using turbomolecular pump: Numerical study","authors":"Vasily Kosyanchuk","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Present paper uses Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method to perform numerical assessment of turbomolecular pump (TMP) performance when applied to separation of mixtures of gases with disparate masses. The problem is studied on example of Neon–Argon mixture. Several features, distinguishing present problem from classical vacuumation application of TMP, are highlighted. It is shown that in contrast to vacuumation, the optimal separation performance is achieved at low rotation speeds of turbines (around 50–200 m/s and lower), intermediate rarefaction rates (<span><math><mi>δ</mi></math></span> around 1–10) in the device, as well as intermediate values of accomodation coefficients on the surface (around 0.5). Increase in the number of stages in device demonstrated the highest boost in performance, leading to exponential growth of separation factor. It was also shown that combination of low rotation speeds (50 m/s), intermediate rarefaction rates (<span><math><mrow><mi>δ</mi><mo>≈</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>10</mn></mrow></math></span>) and high number of stages (<span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo>≈</mo><mn>50</mn></mrow></math></span>) in the device appears to be viable in practice in terms of mechanical stress and heating, experienced by blades of turbines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109719"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physics-informed neural networks for simulating nonlinear peristaltic flow dynamics: A comparative analysis","authors":"Hina Sadaf ,&nbsp;Naheeda Iftikhar ,&nbsp;Sadia Saeed","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study is to examine the peristaltic transport of a Prandtl fluid under complex waveforms, incorporating the effects of viscous dissipation, elastic wall motion, and magnetic field interactions. By applying the long-wavelength approximation, the governing equations are simplified to explore how these physical factors influence velocity distribution, pressure rise, and trapping phenomena. To address this, a Physics-Informed Neural Network scheme is developed to obtain mesh-free solutions, which are validated against the classical BVP4c solver to ensure accuracy and reliability. The study ultimately aims to establish a robust and efficient modeling approach that not only enhances understanding of complex peristaltic flows but also provides practical insights for biomedical applications such as blood transport, drug delivery, and gastrointestinal fluid dynamics, as well as for industrial processes including micro-pumps, implants, and microfluidic devices where non-Newtonian effects and intricate geometries play a critical role.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109708"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The adjoint method for an inverse design problem in continuous steel slab casting processes","authors":"Ali Pourfathi","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work proposes using the adjoint method, the central contribution of the work, to address an inverse design problem in the continuous steel slab casting process, aiming to optimize the process and reduce computational costs based on a novel target-made approach. Regarding this methodology, two sets of design parameters are considered: (1) Set one includes the temperature of cooling nozzles in the secondary cooling zone, interfacial heat transfer coefficient of the cooling systems, and casting speed, and (2) set two comprises the transported heat flux, and casting speed. Firstly, the target approach, revolving around a near-to-ideal thermal target field, is developed using thermal constraints corresponding to the production of a sound strand. Although the target method seems to be a widely used mature strategy in the literature, a simple but novel method, as compared to some rather conventional feedback control models, is proposed here to create a new target distribution based on technological and metallurgical constraints. The constraints include the minimum solid shell thickness to avoid strand breakout, the Niyama criterion to avoid shrinkage porosity formation, the desired metallurgical length, the strand surface temperature at a few points, and a new crack-related term to avoid cracking at the strand’s unbending point. Afterward, optimization models are formulated and coupled with a comprehensive thermophysical database (based on the calculation of phase diagrams) used in direct physical and adjoint PDEs. Then, a gradient-based optimization algorithm is employed to find optimal values for design parameters such that the mismatch between the working temperature profile and the thermal target distribution becomes minimal. Later, the optimization problem is solved numerically for two typical commercial steel grades, and the optimal design variables are obtained. Finally, optimally numerical results are compared with experimental data obtained through plant tests to demonstrate the proposed design methodology’s success and reliability. The comparison shows that the difference between simulation and experimental results is less than %5 percent, indicating the acceptability of the proposed design method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109706"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A VMD-KPCA-LSTM-attention model for multi-parameter prediction in coal mine goaf environments","authors":"Peng-yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao-kun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coal spontaneous combustion and the emission of harmful gases in goafs pose significant threats to mine safety. Accurate prediction of environmental parameter variations in goaf areas is crucial for hazard identification and preventive control. This study develops a novel multi-parameter prediction model for goaf environments using variational mode decomposition (VMD), kernel principal component analysis (KPCA), and a long short-term memory neural network with an attention mechanism (LSTM-Attention). The environmental parameters analyzed include absolute pressure, temperature, O₂ concentration, and CO concentration. VMD is employed to perform adaptive time-frequency decomposition, revealing intrinsic features of parameter sequences at different time scales, while KPCA is used to reduce feature dimensionality, retaining 98.33 % of the data's information content and eliminating feature redundancy. Finally, the LSTM-Attention model captures nonlinear relationships and temporal dependencies in the environmental data, providing accurate predictions. The results demonstrate that goaf environmental parameters exhibit multi-scale, nonstationary characteristics with abrupt changes. O₂ concentration and absolute pressure show strong correlations, while CO concentration and temperature display significant nonlinear and sudden variation patterns. The proposed VMD-KPCA-LSTM-Attention model achieves superior prediction accuracy and robustness compared to traditional models, with significantly reduced errors and improved generalization capability. This study provides a new methodological framework for predicting complex environmental parameter variations in coal mine goafs, contributing to improved mine safety and intelligent hazard prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109726"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing thermo/hydro-Diodic performance (T/H-DP) of Tesla valve designs by artificial neural network (ANN) and genetic algorithm (GA); a numerical simulation","authors":"Gang Du ,&nbsp;Ali Basem ,&nbsp;Nashwan Adnan Othman ,&nbsp;Zainab Ali Bu sinnah ,&nbsp;Saleh Alhumaid ,&nbsp;Mohamed Ayadi ,&nbsp;Hind Albalawi ,&nbsp;H. Elhosiny Ali ,&nbsp;Salem Alkhalaf ,&nbsp;Hakim AL Garalleh","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advanced cooling and fluid control techniques empower engineers to tailor fluid dynamics to meet precise needs, thereby boosting system reliability, safety, and performance. Cutting-edge developments in flow management, such as innovative valve designs, are pivotal in achieving these aims by enhancing flow regulation. The present study addresses the improvement of the overall efficiency of Tesla valves through three different sections. First, the flow properties and thermal behavior of a conventional two-stage Tesla valve were analyzed at varying inlet velocities. A novel rectangular Tesla valve design was then introduced to improve the diodic performance. Finally, an evolved rectangular Tesla valve was developed to further boost heat transfer capabilities alongside the diodic performance. The study used Thermal Diode Performance (<em>TDP</em>) and Hydraulic Diode Performance (<em>HDP</em>) as key performance metrics. Second, the impact of the number of stages on the thermo-diodic performance of the Tesla valve was examined at various velocities. The results showed that using a five-stage evolved rectangular Tesla valve at an inlet velocity of 1 m/s, instead of a two-stage one, enhanced the system's thermal performance by approximately 80.6 % and diodic performance by 789.4 % in reverse flow compared to forward flow. Third, the impact of configurational parameters of the valve's channel on the thermo-diodic performance of the evolved rectangular Tesla valve was examined by artificial neural network-based anticipation models. Two optimal configurations of <em>OT1</em> and <em>OT2</em> were introduced with the aim of maximizing the overall efficiency of the Tesla valve in forward and reverse directions, respectively. In the <em>OT1</em>, the overall efficiency in the forward and reverse directions has improved by 71.1 % and 20.4 %, respectively compared to the basic sample. Whereas in the <em>OT2</em>, the overall efficiency in the forward direction increased by 39.7 % and in the reverse direction by 47 % compared to the basic sample.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109711"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}