International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer最新文献

{"title":"Impact of direct heat extraction on the thermal storage and stability of solar ponds","authors":"Jiang-Tao Hu ,&nbsp;Shuo-Jun Mei ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Lei Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Direct heat extraction from solar ponds, achieved by pumping hot brine directly without an internal heat exchanger, offers reduced cost but may disturb convective flow and compromise stability. This study employs a transient two-dimensional large-eddy simulation (LES) model to investigate turbulent double-diffusive flow during direct extraction. By resolving the interaction between pumping and convective flow in solar ponds, the model evaluates the effects of pumping velocity, injection and outlet positions, and pond width on both stability and heat extraction efficiency. The results show that heat extraction generally enhances thermal stability by lowering temperatures in the lower convective zone (LCZ). Due to strong mixing in the LCZ, stability and extraction efficiency remain largely insensitive to injection and outlet positions. Installing the injection and outlet on the same side and higher altitude reduces installation costs with minimal impact on stability and efficiency. Pond width strongly influences performance, as wider ponds increase outlet temperature and extraction rate, improving short-term efficiency but intensifying vertical mixing, which may reduce long-term thermal storage. Overall, direct heat extraction has a limited disturbance on the stability of solar ponds. These findings provide practical guidance for optimizing solar pond design to balance efficiency, stability, and cost.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109766"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial neural network prediction of an electrohydrodynamic thermosolutal buoyancy-driven convection of NEPCMs-dielectric suspension within an oblique enclosure with active blocks","authors":"Tahar Tayebi ,&nbsp;Amjad Ali Pasha ,&nbsp;Mohd Danish ,&nbsp;Mohammed K. Al Mesfer ,&nbsp;Sana Qaiyum ,&nbsp;M.K. Nayak ,&nbsp;Nehad Ali Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studying double-diffusion natural convection in Nano-Encapsulated Phase Change Materials under Electro-Hydro-Dynamics is crucial for enhancing thermal management across various applications. This technology has the potential to greatly enhance cooling in electronics, electric vehicle batteries, and photovoltaic panels, as well as contribute to energy-efficient building designs, solar heating, and desalination. Nano-Encapsulated Phase Change Materials also hold promise in thermal energy storage systems, where they can absorb, store, and release energy, aiding in grid stability and renewable energy integration. This study investigates the thermosolutal natural convection of Nano-Encapsulated Phase Change Materials suspension within an oblique enclosure with differently heated and salted blocks under the influence of Electro-Hydro-Dynamics. To obtain the solution of the governing equations, the finite element method was utilized. Moreover, an Artificial Neural Network is employed to model and predict some important physical quantities within the system, providing an advanced tool for optimizing performance. The findings reveal key influences of various parameters on heat and mass transfer efficiency. Increasing the Eckert number (<em>Ec</em>) causes about a 13.2 % decrease in mean Nusselt and a 2.0 % decrease in mean Sherwood, while raising the Lorentz force number (<em>S</em>_<em>E</em>) from 0.1 to 5 results in a 4.8 % reduction in mean Nusselt and a 2.2 % reduction in mean Sherwood. The diffusion number (<em>De</em>) has a secondary effect, with an increase from 0.25 to 0.75 producing a 1.5 % rise in mean Nusselt but only a 0.3 % decrease in mean Sherwood. Adding 3 % of Nano-Encapsulated Phase Change Materials concentration (<em>ϕ</em>) at a lower Stefan number (<em>Ste</em>) enhances heat transfer by 4.4 % while reducing mass transfer by 2.3 %. In addition, Artificial Neural Network analyses show plausible training with minutest errors and the best-fit model for the suggested factors. These results underscore the benefits of employing machine learning techniques for both scientific inquiry and engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109756"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental determination of giant interfacial thermal resistance in thermally insulating hollow glass microspheres","authors":"Hyeong Uk Kang ,&nbsp;Juhong Kim ,&nbsp;Kwanghyun Kim ,&nbsp;Joon Sang Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) are extensively employed in thermal insulation applications due to their remarkably low effective thermal conductivity. However, a detailed understanding of their thermal transport mechanism remains elusive. This study aims to provide in detail the thermal transport mechanism active in HGMs, particularly focusing on interfacial thermal resistance (ITR) in a wide temperature range (120 K to 300 K). For the first time, we experimentally extract the ITR between each HGMs by employing various size of particles. The measured value is around 0.0178 m²⸱K⸱W⁻¹ at room temperature and increases to 0.039 m²⸱K⸱W⁻¹ at 120 K. Our findings reveal that HGMs demonstrate substantially lower thermal conductivity than other insulation materials owing to their very high ITR. More than 80 % of solid heat conduction is contributed by means of ITR. These comprehensive measurements and thermal transport analyses provide critical insights into the design and development of advanced thermal insulation materials that can be realized through proper ITR designs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109701"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the effect of uniform temperature plates type and characteristics on photovoltaic thermoelectric systems","authors":"Song Lv ,&nbsp;Tonghui Lu ,&nbsp;Enpei Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiahao Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photovoltaic-Thermal Electricity (PV-TE) systems significantly improve full-spectrum solar energy efficiency, yet their performance is hindered by non-uniform temperature distribution in non-concentrating PV-TE systems. Conventional uniform temperature plates (aluminium and copper) are inadequate for achieving temperature uniformity due to their isotropic thermal conductivity, which can cause heat to dissipate from the PV surface. In this study, a graphene uniform temperature plate (UTP) with a thermal conductivity of 1273 W/(m·K) is innovatively used between PV and TE by combining numerical simulation and experiment, and the uneven temperature distribution in the non-concentrated PV-TE system in the existing study is successfully solved by accurately matching the area of the PV components and optimizing the thickness design. In addition, the introduction of UTP in this study resulted in an average decrease of 10 °C in the operating temperature of the PV module (equivalent to an increase of about 1 % in PV conversion efficiency), an increase of 3 °C in the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the TEG (Thermoelectric generator), and a significant increase in the output voltage. The research results provide important theoretical support for the thermal management optimization of PV-TE systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109741"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of wall film thickness on the spray atomization characteristics with varying pressure-swirl nozzle positions in hybrid airblast atomizers","authors":"Won Choi ,&nbsp;Yechan Seo ,&nbsp;Sigyu Kim ,&nbsp;Jeekeun Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work examines how variations in liquid film thickness on the Venturi influence the spray atomization characteristics, with changes in the position of the pressure-swirl nozzle in hybrid airblast atomizers. By removing around 83 % of the Venturi circumference, the impingement behavior of spray droplets against the Venturi wall was captured, and image analysis techniques were employed for the quantitative measurement of the accumulated liquid film thickness on an acrylic plate. Droplet velocity and size distributions were measured using a Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA). The impinged droplets on the Venturi surface displayed notable splashing and film buildup behaviors. In the absence of swirling airflow, the average flow velocity of the accumulated liquid film was determined. Using these measurements, the proportion of the liquid film formed on the plate relative to the injection flow rate (case 2) was compared to the predicted outcome (case 1). Discrepancies between case 1 and case 2 ranged from 24 % to 32 %. With an increase in the non-dimensional distance (h*), the angular momentum of the swirling airflow traversing the inner swirler was reduced as a result of friction with the wetted surface. In contrast, the effect of the swirling airflow passing through the outer swirler on spray increased, resulting in a wider spatial dispersion of the spray and a larger recirculation zone. Therefore, smaller droplets within the shear layer region increased while both the liquid film and the rim built up substantially at the Venturi, resulting in thicker accumulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109776"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magneto-thermal convection in a porous circular cavity with Cassini oval obstacles: A numerical study on heat transfer enhancement","authors":"Bahram Jalili ,&nbsp;Hassan Roshani ,&nbsp;Payam Jalili ,&nbsp;Dong Liu ,&nbsp;Davood Domiri Ganji","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The stream function, temperature distribution, and natural convective heat transfer in a porous circular cavity with various obstacle geometries. The geometries considered include Horizontal Cassini Ovals (HCO), Vertical Cassini Ovals (VCO), and vertical Cassini ovals with two cylindrical obstacles. The system is subjected to a magnetic field at γ = 45°and a radiation parameter of Rd = 0.7. Water mixed with 5 % alumina nanoparticles (Al₂O₃ <!-->) is used as the base fluid. The boundary conditions are consistent across all configurations, with the cavity surface maintained at a high temperature and the obstacles subjected to uniform heat flux (Dirichlet condition), while all surfaces adhere to a no-slip condition under a uniform magnetic field at 45 degrees. Results indicate that the circular cavity with a VCO obstacle shows the most significant reduction in stream function, decreasing by 48.9 % compared to the HCO, followed by configurations with two cylindrical barriers. The temperature increase is highest in the vertical Cassini oval geometry, rising by 498.6 % over the horizontal Cassini case. Additionally, this configuration achieves the maximum local Nusselt number in the cavity with a VCO and two cylindrical obstacles, highlighting superior heat transfer performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109742"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vacuum insulation enabled energy efficient domestic cooking ovens – A validated numerical study","authors":"Dron Kaushik,&nbsp;Harjit Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There are approximately 109 million domestic cooking ovens in the UK and USA combined. As maximum energy consumption limits for ovens get stricter, manufacturers are looking for technological solutions to meet regulatory demands. Advanced vacuum insulation technology is increasingly expected to play a significant role in addressing the challenge of delivering energy-efficient equipment. In the current study, we built and validated a full-scale COMSOL Multiphysics-based model of a typical electric domestic cooking oven to assess the effectiveness of a selection of insulation materials including perlite based Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP/VIPs), silica board and mineral wool. Three turbulent flow models k-ε, k-ω and SST were used to solve for airflow inside the oven cooking cavity. The oven cavity temperature was maintained at 250 °C. The cooking energy consumed was predicted for a range of insulation scenarios with the expanded perlite VIP insulated oven performing best with the lowest energy consumption of 685 Wh and the mineral wool insulated oven the worst with 1384 Wh. Additionally, VIP insulation resulted into a more uniform temperature distribution with a maximum spatial variation of 16.9 K inside the cavity. It is predicted that VIP insulated ovens can save 15.4 MtCO2eq/year in the USA and the UK.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109743"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated charging and discharging of a thermal energy storage system with multiwalled carbon nanotube – Adipic acid composites","authors":"Adhithyaa L.K. ,&nbsp;Subin J. ,&nbsp;Venkatesh M. ,&nbsp;Hari Suthan V.,&nbsp;Jeyaprakash T.,&nbsp;Santosh Srinivas N.,&nbsp;Suganthi K.S.,&nbsp;Rajan K.S.","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adipic acid functions as a thermal energy storage material possessing the latent heat storage density of ∼290 kJ/kg, with very little supercooling. The rate performance during the charging and discharging of thermal energy is impacted by its low thermal conductivity, which can be improved through the inclusion of high thermal conductivity and high-aspect ratio nanostructures. Multiwalled carbon nanotube - adipic acid nanocomposite was prepared using sulphuric acid-treated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (SA-MWCNT) at the concentrations of 0.1 and 0.2 wt%. The thermal conductivity measurements revealed the SA-MWCNT-adipic acid composite with 0.1 wt% SA-MWCNT to possess 16 % enhancement in thermal conductivity. The time duration required for melting of 0.1 wt% SA-MWCNT-adipic acid was reduced by 31 %, in comparison with that required for adipic acid. Also, 0.1 wt% SA-MWCNT-adipic acid composite required 32 % lower duration for release of the stored latent heat when cooled by a well-mixed liquid. The presence of SA-MWCNT in the composite contributed to improved kinetics for sensible heat energy storage also by amplifying the overall heat transfer coefficient by 35 % and 31 % during the solid phase heating and cooling cycles. This composite exhibited high stability after 250 thermal cycles relative to adipic acid. Hence, this SA-MWCNT-adipic acid composite is a suitable alternative to adipic acid in thermal energy storage systems for steam generation and water heating at elevated pressures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109739"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scenario-adaptive preheating path optimization for bidirectional pulses and lithium deposition prevention in high-SOC lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Weizhuo Li ,&nbsp;Dingjian Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiming Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fast preheating of lithium-ion batteries at low temperatures while minimizing degradation remains a critical challenge in battery management. Bidirectional pulse heating has garnered interest among electric vehicle manufacturers due to its advantages in temperature uniformity, system simplicity, and compatibility with various battery shapes. However, its heating rate faces a sharp decline when heating high-SOC batteries due to the increased risk of lithium plating, rendering it unsuitable for emergency scenarios. This numerical study addresses this challenge by proposing a scenario-adaptive pulse preheating strategy, which removes the stringent requirement for equal charge throughput between charge and discharge pulses. This approach enables high heating rates while effectively mitigating lithium plating risks. An objective function is developed to identify the optimal heating pathway under various scenarios by balancing heating rate and SOC loss. Users can tailor the weighting factor to choose among heating-priority, energy saving-priority, or balanced modes. The simulation results reveal that the heating-priority mode achieves a remarkable heating rate of 5.77 °C/min even at 80 % SOC across a wide temperature range from −10 °C to 15 °C, nearly ten times faster than the energy saving-priority mode. This innovative strategy enhances the heating performance of bidirectional pulse and facilitates the promotion of electric vehicles in cold climates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109755"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermo-hydraulic performance improvement inside parabolic trough receiver tube using passive techniques: A review","authors":"Yasser Abidnoor Jebbar ,&nbsp;Farhan Lafta Rashid ,&nbsp;Mudhar A. Al-Obaidi ,&nbsp;Wisam J. Khudhayer ,&nbsp;Ephraim Bonah Agyekum ,&nbsp;Fadhil Khaddam Fuliful ,&nbsp;Abdellatif M. Sadeq","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parabolic trough collector (PTC) converts the incident solar radiation into useful energy used in many applications. Researchers in the past two decades focused on improving thermo-hydraulic performance inside a parabolic trough receiver (PTR) using various passive methods. These methods do not use an external power source to enhance the heat transfer. Twisted tapes, screws, rings, rods, and fins are passive turbulators inserted into the receiver tube to enhance thermo-hydraulic performance of PTR. On the basis of a study of published research, the present review evaluates, in depth, these passive methods used in enhancing the performance of a PTR and the consequent overall thermal performance of PTCs. Among the most remarkable findings, the ratios of the Nusselt numbers (<span><math><mo>∆</mo></math></span><em>Nu</em>) under different parameters varied between 1.1 and 7.42 with the values of the performance evaluation criteria (PEC) falling between 0.44 and 1.73 in various turbulator set-ups. As an example, a 2.5-fold enhancements in 5Nu are attained with twisted tapes with optimum twist ratios (23) and full porous discs that have up to 60 % enhancements in PEC. The heat transfer is also enhanced further by longitudinal fins (10–15 mm length, 2–4 mm thickness) with approximate values of 10Nu of 3.2. These results show the possibility of verification of a passive method to as well enhance the PTC efficiency largely. The review can be helpful to the researchers trying to maximize the utilization of solar energy in PTC systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 109725"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}