International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer最新文献

{"title":"Parametric study and optimization of thermal-hydraulic performance of steam-air condensation inside sinusoidal corrugated channels using Taguchi method","authors":"Xuebo Dong ,&nbsp;Daming Sun ,&nbsp;Qie Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The parametric study and optimization of thermal-hydraulic performance of steam condensation with non-condensable gas in sinusoidal corrugated channels (SCCs) remain limited. The numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the flow and heat transfer characteristics of steam-air condensation inside vertical SCCs withing a Reynolds number (<em>Re</em>) range of 4000–14,000. The SST <span><math><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>ω</mi></math></span> turbulence model and wall condensation model are adopted. The effects of phase shift angles (<em>θ</em> = 0–180°), corrugation wavelengths (<em>β</em> = 2.381–3.571) and amplitudes (<em>α</em> = 0.085–0.298) on both local and average flow and heat transfer characteristics are discussed. Taguchi method is used to analyze the main and interaction effects of the three structural parameters on performance evaluation criteria (<em>PEC</em>), and to determine the optimal parameter combination for the best performance. It is found that the local heat transfer enhancement is primarily attributed to intense flow impingement at the convergent side of corrugation, and the severe disruption of the air diffusion layer caused by vortex shedding. The average heat transfer performance and flow resistance increase with increasing <em>α</em> and decreasing <em>β</em>. Moreover, SCCs with <em>θ</em> = 180° achieve the best heat transfer performance while exhibiting the highest flow resistance. Besides, Taguchi analysis results indicate that <em>α</em> is the most significant factor influencing <em>PEC</em>, and the interactions among factors should be considered. When <em>Re</em> = 6025, the optimized parameter combination is <em>θ</em> = 180°, <em>β</em> = 2.857 and <em>α</em> = 0.085, which yields the highest <em>PEC</em> of 1.221. This work can provide a reference for designing high-efficiency condensers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 109074"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-objective optimization of a cylindrical heat sink with straight and forked fins using artificial neural network (ANN)","authors":"Joongmyung Choi ,&nbsp;Seung-Woo Lee ,&nbsp;Seunghyuk Choi,&nbsp;Dong-Bin Kwak","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the optimized shape of a heat sink for circular chip-on-board (COB) type light-emitting diode (LED) equipment. The numerical model was validated through experiments, and an artificial neural network (ANN) model was constructed to predict thermal performance based on the data from numerical analysis. The distribution of the chimney-shaped airflow and the change in airflow based on the forked point were analyzed. The thermal performance trend was demonstrated using predictions from the neural network model. The finning and porosity factors were introduced to establish criteria for changes in thermal performance trends. After that, multi-objective optimization was performed, and several heat sink designs for a wide range of total fin mass and thermal resistance were proposed in the form of a Pareto Front. This study is expected to contribute to efficient and accurate thermal management of LED equipment by proposing a heat sink design that has not been extensively explored using machine learning techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 109082"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing conical solar still water production through surface tension reduction with floating plastic tubes: A comparative study and sustainability analyses","authors":"Mohammed El Hadi Attia ,&nbsp;Abd Elnaby Kabeel ,&nbsp;Amr Eisa ,&nbsp;Faisal Mahroogi ,&nbsp;M.A. Elazab","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The enhancement of conical solar still production of freshwater through the use of floating plastic tubes to reduce surface tension, thereby improving evaporation rates, was investigated in this study. Solar distillation, a sustainable solution to freshwater scarcity, is typically constrained by low efficiency due to factors such as surface tension. The effect of floating plastic tubes was examined in both fully filled and half-filled configurations of conical solar stills, and the results were compared to conventional designs. Experiments conducted under real-world conditions in El Oued, Algeria, showed significant improvements in water production, with a 30.61 % increase in the half-filled configuration and a 20.40 % improvement in the fully filled configuration compared to the conventional still. Exergy efficiency and sustainability analyses indicated that the half-filled conical solar still with floating plastic tubes (CSS-EPT&amp;HF) offered superior performance in terms of energy utilization and economic viability, with a shorter payback period and higher water production of freshwater. The findings suggest that low-cost, innovative design modifications, such as floating plastic tubes, can significantly enhance the performance and sustainability of solar desalination systems, particularly in arid regions with abundant solar radiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 109081"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on clearance flow and heat transfer characteristics of ultra-large grooved blade tips under different outer ring cooling air injection","authors":"Dewei Zhang,&nbsp;Longfei Wang,&nbsp;Ziqiang Li,&nbsp;Zicong Wang,&nbsp;Junkui Mao,&nbsp;Yiming Liu,&nbsp;Chengliang Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study numerically investigated rotor blade clearance leakage in a low heat load turbine, considering coupled effects of outer ring cooling air and ultra-large groove depth. Six circumferential/axial cooling air configurations and six groove depths were investigated. The results indicate that the total pressure loss of the cascade increases by up to 1.36 %, 6.73 %, 3.62 %, 8.37 % and 13.43 % in the five different outer ring cooling air cases compared with that without outer ring cooling air. The primary reason contributing to the rise in overall leakage loss is the axial outer ring cooling air, and circumferential outer ring cooling air is the key factor to aggravating the Nusselt number (<em>Nu</em>) on blade tip. Circumferential outer ring cooling air decreases the total pressure loss in 75 % ∼ 95 % blade height, and axial outer ring cooling air reduces the total pressure loss in 95 % ∼ 100 % blade height, but aggravates the total pressure loss in 75 % ∼ 95 % blade height. Circumferential combined axial outer ring cooling air effectively decreases the leakage loss caused by axial outer ring cooling air, which can be reduced by up to 4.1 %. Meantime, the thermal load of the blade tip caused by separate circumferential and axial outer ring cooling air is strengthened.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 109057"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel design for performance enhancement in sandwich heat transfer unit with partially filled metal foam","authors":"Xiuhui Duan ,&nbsp;Xianlong Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Huang ,&nbsp;Yichun Wang ,&nbsp;Chen Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel wavy metal foam sandwich heat transfer unit is proposed and numerically investigated in this study, introducing a unique structural design to enhance thermal-hydraulic performance. A three-dimensional solid-fluid coupling model, based on the Forchheimer-Brinkman extended Darcy model and the local thermal non-equilibrium method, is established to validate the effectiveness of the new design. Compared to general plate metal foam structures, the wavy configuration significantly improves heat transfer capability, achieving a 118.3 %–89.7 % and 74.7 %–173.3 % increase in the Nusselt number under laminar and turbulent conditions, respectively. The enhancement is primarily attributed to the formation of dual high-velocity regions, which strengthen field synergy and promote efficient heat transfer. Moreover, the penetrable wavy interface effectively eliminates recirculation cells, leading to a moderate and acceptable increase in pressure drop. A comprehensive parametric study is conducted, examining the effects of channel width, fin height, amplitude, wavelength, porosity, and pore density. These findings establish the wavy sandwich heat transfer unit as a promising and fundamentally different alternative to traditional metal foam-based heat exchangers, offering optimized thermal performance with acceptable pressure drop penalties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 109086"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal characteristics and optimization of a novel liquid cooling plate with cavities and flow-enhancing fins","authors":"Furen Zhang,&nbsp;Yufeng Wang,&nbsp;Xue Li,&nbsp;Zheng Tian,&nbsp;Yuanpeng Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient and reliable thermal management systems are crucial for ensuring the safety and extending the lifespan of electric vehicle batteries. This research proposed a novel liquid cooling plate design that enhances heat dissipation by integrating cavities and flow-diverting fins into the conventional straight-channel structure. A numerical simulation model was developed and validated for accuracy. Six distinct turbulator fin shapes—circular, rectangular, diamond, triangular, shuttle, and droplet—were designed and their thermal performances were evaluated via simulations. Among these designs, the droplet-shaped configuration exhibited superior performance, with a 1.28 °C (3.4 %) reduction in average temperature, a 0.57 Pa (3.3 %) decrease in pressure drop, and a 36.1 % boost in overall performance (<em>HTPF</em> value of 1.361) compared to the traditional straight-channel structure. Furthermore, the impact of cavity quantity and inlet-outlet arrangements on the liquid cooling plate's performance was investigated, revealing that 9 cavities combined with a two-inlet-two-outlet configuration delivered optimal results. To further improve cooling efficiency, design parameters such as the droplet structure's head radius (<em>R</em>), channel width (<em>W</em>), and the spacing of inlets (<em>D₁</em>) and outlets (<em>D₂</em>) were optimized using the Response Surface Method and NSGA-II algorithm. The optimized design demonstrated a 1.97 °C (5.21 %) reduction in average temperature (<em>T</em>_<em>ave</em>), a 6.56 Pa (38.7 %) reduction in pressure drop (Δ<em>P</em>), and a remarkable 160 % enhancement in overall performance compared to the baseline straight-channel structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 109042"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of diffuser angle and perforations on the performance of an infrared-suppression (IRS) device under mixed convection","authors":"Chetpelly Akshay ,&nbsp;Subhasisa Rath ,&nbsp;Sumeet Singh ,&nbsp;Sukanta Kumar Dash","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The flow within an infrared suppression (IRS) device installed on a warship operates under varying thermal regimes, including forced, natural, and mixed convection. While the effects of geometric modifications to the IRS devices have been extensively studied in forced and natural convection scenarios, their influence in the mixed convection regime remains poorly understood. This study examines the performance of four distinct IRS device configurations—converging, straight, diverging, and a perforated-diverging design under mixed convection conditions for Richardson numbers (<em>Ri</em>) ranging from 0.1 to 10. Numerical simulations are performed to analyze fluid flow and thermal fields, entrainment ratio (<em>ER</em>), exit temperature, pressure recovery coefficient (<em>C</em>_<em>PR</em>), and cooling efficiency (<em>η</em>), considering diffuser angles (−5° to +5°) and perforated diffuser rings. The findings reveal that diverging (positive) diffuser angles enhance thermal suppression and achieve higher entrainment ratios compared to converging (negative) diffuser angles in the mixed convection regime. Specifically, varying the diffuser angle from −5° to +5° leads to a notable increase in the entrainment ratio (<em>ER</em>), with improvements of 67 %, 41 %, and 37 % observed at Richardson numbers (<em>Ri</em>) of 0.1, 1, and 10, respectively. Additionally, the perforated-diverging configuration consistently outperformed all other configurations, achieving the highest <em>ER</em> and superior thermal suppression across all <em>Ri</em>. It enhanced the <em>ER</em> by 1.78 times at <em>Ri</em> = 0.1 and 1.4 times at <em>Ri</em> = 10 compared to the converging design, and exceeded the diverging design by 7 % and 2.8 % at <em>Ri</em> = 0.1 and 10, respectively. The results presented in this study contribute to a deeper understanding of IRS design optimization and effective infrared signature mitigation for application in the industrial and defense sectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 109062"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural network-based thermal model for virtual metrology of lunar orbiter temperatures via active and transfer learning","authors":"Byungkwan Jang ,&nbsp;Moon-Jin Jeon ,&nbsp;Sangseung Lee ,&nbsp;Hyungyu Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>South Korea's Danuri lunar orbiter is currently conducting an observation mission at an altitude of 100 km above the Moon. Accurate temperature prediction is crucial for ensuring the mission's success in the harsh thermal environment of space. However, existing physical models based on finite element or difference methods are computationally intensive and challenging to fully validate due to limited ground testing opportunities. In this study, we developed a reduced order model using active learning and a deep neural network to replace traditional physical models. We then introduced a neural network model that incorporates transfer learning with real orbital temperature data to improve upon the active learning-implemented model to better predict real-world temperatures. Notably, our results demonstrate that the model fine-tuned with the flight data is the most accurate for predicting the lunar orbiter's temperature from the ground. We are confident that the proposed active and transfer learning-implemented model can also be employed to create a virtual measurement system that serves as a digital twin of the lunar orbiter and can be adapted for thermal design, analysis, and operation of new planetary spacecrafts by adjusting the input parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 109055"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular dynamics simulation of thermal behavior of paraffin/Cu nanoparticle PCM in a non-connected rotating ribbed tube","authors":"Yaoyang Liu ,&nbsp;Ali Basem ,&nbsp;Younis Mohamed Atiah Al-zahy ,&nbsp;Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh ,&nbsp;Mohammed Al-Bahrani ,&nbsp;Dilsora Abduvalieva ,&nbsp;Soheil Salahshour ,&nbsp;Sh. Esmaeili","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Applying molecular dynamics simulations, this study investigates the influence of different atomic ratios of Cu nanoparticles on the atomic and thermal behavior of a paraffin/Cu composite within a non-connected rotating ribbed tube. A simulation box measuring 50 × 150 × 50 Å³ is employed, with periodic boundary conditions in y and z-coordinates. LAMMPS simulation is running for a total of 20 ns. The simulation model is validated through an equilibration phase for 10 ns, achieving a temperature of 300 K and a total energy of 1.450 kcal/mol. The results indicate that the maximum density decreases to 0.0852 atom/ų as the atomic ratio of Cu nanoparticles increases from 1 to 7 %. Additionally, the velocity and temperature increased to 0.00493 Å/fs and 766 K. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity increased from 0.63 to 0.68 W/m·K, and the heat transfer increased from 5.25 to 5.36 W/m². The charging and discharging times decrease to 6.24 and 7.11 ns. These trends are reversed at an atomic ratio of 10 %: the maximum density increased, the velocity and temperature decreased, the heat flux and thermal conductivity decreased to 5.33 W/m² and 0.67 W/m·K, and the charging/discharging times increased to 6.26 ns and 7.18 ns, respectively. These results indicate that an optimal concentration of 7 % Cu nanoparticles improved thermal conductivity. The paper examined the influence of nanoparticle saturation on thermal stability, demonstrating that excessive agglomeration adversely impacts heat conduction. This study offered for the development of superior nanoparticle-enhanced phase change materials in confined systems with unconnected rotating ribs, to improve heat dissipation and stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 109058"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A physics-informed neural networks approach for coupled flow and heat transfer problems","authors":"Yichuan He ,&nbsp;Longqing Zhu ,&nbsp;Yifan Guo ,&nbsp;Dawei Tang ,&nbsp;Xiaomo Jiang ,&nbsp;Zhicheng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have demonstrated their capability in solving highly nonlinear partial differential equations, such as the Navier-Stokes equations and energy conservation equations, with only known boundary conditions or limited data, leveraging the universal approximation ability of deep neural networks. As an emerging method, challenges remain when applying PINNs to solve flow and heat transfer problems at high Reynolds or Prandtl numbers. Vanilla PINNs often encounter significant errors when addressing these complex problems. Drawing inspiration from entropy viscosity stabilization techniques employed in direct numerical simulations to mitigate numerical oscillations in high Reynolds number in-compressible flows, we propose an enhanced PINN that incorporates entropy viscosity. This approach modifies the loss function in vanilla PINNs and is applied to solve forced convection heat transfer and mixed convection heat transfer problems in a lid-driven cavity. The results demonstrate that PINNs can accurately predict complex flow and heat transfer phenomena at high Reynolds and Prandtl numbers (<em>Re</em> = 2000, <em>Pr</em> = 7.1), significantly improving computational accuracy and solution stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 109085"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}