Journal of Power Sources最新文献

Chemical resilience of hydrocarbon-based PEMs in fuel cells: effect of aromatic electron density on molecular degradation and in-situ aging 燃料电池中烃基PEMs的化学弹性：芳香电子密度对分子降解和原位老化的影响

IF 7.9 2区工程技术

Journal of Power Sources Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239794

Tamas Nemeth , Torben Saatkamp , Thomas Nauser , Tym de Wild , Didem Yazili-Marini , Giorgi Titvinidze , Kenji Miyatake , Lorenz Gubler

{"title":"Chemical resilience of hydrocarbon-based PEMs in fuel cells: effect of aromatic electron density on molecular degradation and in-situ aging","authors":"Tamas Nemeth , Torben Saatkamp , Thomas Nauser , Tym de Wild , Didem Yazili-Marini , Giorgi Titvinidze , Kenji Miyatake , Lorenz Gubler","doi":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239794","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239794","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radicals formed during operation of polymer electrolyte fuel cells, particularly during accelerated stress tests (AST), chemically degrade hydrocarbon proton exchange membranes (HC PEMs). In HC PEMs, the path from initial chemical attack over the evolution of membrane damage to failure is not yet well understood. This is evident when assessing different classes of HC PEMs in OCV hold ASTs: while chemical degradation occurs in all systems, expression of the evolution of membrane damage can differ vastly. This work combines an extensive OCV hold study with a complimentary gamma-radiolysis investigation on model small molecules for the first time. Our experiments reveal that the in-situ AST lifetime trends of HC PEMs correlate with the susceptibility of phenyl sulfonates – featuring to some extent comparable electronic configurations – to undergo degradative chain-reactions when exposed to the highly oxidizing radicals generated during the radiolysis of aqueous solutions. Our conclusions aim to incite the discussion on underlying radical stability of different HC PEMs, and we propose that electron-rich, poly(phenylene) type materials more likely undergo chemical degradation pathways that delay OCV failure, i.e. “suppress” membrane damage, when compared to electron-poor poly(phenylene sulfone) and poly(ether ether ketone) type materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Power Sources","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 239794"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-performance binder-free hybrid supercapacitor featuring in-situ electrochemical transformation of Ni3S2 to Ni(OH)2 Ni3S2原位电化学转化为Ni(OH)2的高性能无粘结剂杂化超级电容器

IF 7.9 2区工程技术

Journal of Power Sources Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239743

Ozan Öztürk , Soheil Mobtakeri , Emre Gür

{"title":"High-performance binder-free hybrid supercapacitor featuring in-situ electrochemical transformation of Ni3S2 to Ni(OH)2","authors":"Ozan Öztürk , Soheil Mobtakeri , Emre Gür","doi":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>) offers high theoretical capacity for supercapacitors, its practical deployment is often hindered by its intrinsic conductivity limitations and structural degradation. Herein, we introduce a robust, binder-free electrode architecture designed to circumvent these bottlenecks via the radio-frequency magnetron sputtering (RFMS) of a nickel sulfide (Ni<sub>3</sub>S<sub>2</sub>) film on nickel foam along with an in-situ electrochemical activation strategy. Unlike traditional methods, we utilize a sputtered nickel sulfide (Ni<sub>3</sub>S<sub>2</sub>) precursor that undergoes a controlled oxidative transformation during cycling, evolving into a highly active and mechanically stable Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub> phase. This conversion process preserves nanoscale morphology while ensuring intimate electrical contact with the current collector, effectively eliminating the contact resistance issues in binder-based systems. The optimized electrode demonstrates a superior areal capacitance of 590 mF cm<sup>−2</sup> at 1 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, corresponding to an outstanding gravimetric capacitance of 3562 F g<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>. Furthermore, a hybrid supercapacitor device assembled with a graphene-based negative electrode delivers an areal capacitance of 204.2 mF cm<sup>−2</sup>, instead of degrading, the device exhibits an \"electro-activation\" phenomenon, yielding a 14.7% increase in capacitance after 5,000 charge–discharge cycles. These results substantiate the efficacy of the in-situ conversion route as a scalable and superior alternative to chemical routes for developing high-durability energy storage systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Power Sources","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 239743"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-diameter/defect carbon nanotubes formed on nickel foam derived from nickel-cobalt Prussian blue analogs for high-performance supercapacitor 高性能超级电容器用镍钴普鲁士蓝类似物在镍泡沫上形成的低直径/缺陷碳纳米管

IF 7.9 2区工程技术

Journal of Power Sources Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239773

Zongyu Zhang , Yide Hao , Ziming Zhang , Yongxiang Wang , Haonan Shen , Jiangshan Gao , Yan He

{"title":"Low-diameter/defect carbon nanotubes formed on nickel foam derived from nickel-cobalt Prussian blue analogs for high-performance supercapacitor","authors":"Zongyu Zhang , Yide Hao , Ziming Zhang , Yongxiang Wang , Haonan Shen , Jiangshan Gao , Yan He","doi":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with high specific surface area, low internal resistance, high structural stability, and abundant active sites are ideal electrode materials. In this work, regulating nickel-cobalt Prussian blue analogs (Ni-Co PBA) nucleation on nickel foam (NF) guides CNTs morphological evolution, achieving in-situ growth of low-diameter/defect CNTs on NF. Ni-Co PBA is anchored on NF through deposition and chemical bonding mechanisms. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is employed to synthesize CNTs on the NF surface. The framework structure of Ni-Co PBA not only effectively prevents transition metal ion agglomeration, but pyrolytic Ni-Co nanoparticles also catalyze this growth. Selenization converts the nanoparticles encapsulated within CNTs into metal selenides, yielding the product [email protected]. The fabricated [email protected] electrode exhibits a specific capacitance of 1592.3 F g<sup>−1</sup> at current density of 1 A g<sup>−1</sup>. The assembled [email protected]//AC achieves a maximum energy density of 48.6 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at power density of 800 W kg<sup>−1</sup>; it also maintains 81.7% of initial specific capacitance after 10,000 cycles at a current density of 10 A g<sup>−1</sup>. Importantly, this work provides inspiration for the preparation of low-diameter/defect CNTs and their application in high-performance supercapacitor energy storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Power Sources","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 239773"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interfacial Ni-N bond bridged Z-type g-C3N4/LaNi0.8Fe0.2O3 heterojunction for boosting photo-assisted oxygen evolution 界面Ni-N键桥接z型g-C3N4/LaNi0.8Fe0.2O3异质结促进光辅助析氧

IF 7.9 2区工程技术

Journal of Power Sources Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239719

Shijie Jia , Xing Lin , Tingting Du , Wenhao Li , Xin Zhang , Fengchun Yang

{"title":"Interfacial Ni-N bond bridged Z-type g-C3N4/LaNi0.8Fe0.2O3 heterojunction for boosting photo-assisted oxygen evolution","authors":"Shijie Jia , Xing Lin , Tingting Du , Wenhao Li , Xin Zhang , Fengchun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perovskite oxides possess a flexible electronic structure suitable for electrocatalysis, yet their application in photo-assisted oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is often hindered by high photogenerated carrier recombination and limited intrinsic activity. To address these limitations, this study presents the first attempt to construct a Z-type g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/LaNi<sub>0.8</sub>Fe<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/LNFO) heterojunction composite for efficient photo-assisted OER performance. The strong electronic coupling via interfacial Ni-N bonds reduces charge transfer resistance, while the Z-type band alignment significantly enhances the separation efficiency of electron-hole pairs. Electrochemical evaluations demonstrate that under visible light illumination, the g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/LNFO catalyst requires an overpotential of only 335 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, representing a significant reduction of 55 mV compared to dark conditions. Furthermore, the catalyst exhibits a 70 mV improvement in overall water splitting performance and demonstrates excellent stability and rechargeability when assembled into a photo-assisted zinc-air battery. This study provides a pioneering strategy for designing energy-level matched heterojunctions to maximize the photo-assisted electrocatalytic potential of perovskite materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Power Sources","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 239719"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When results do not meet expectations: Why rigor and learning still matter 当结果不符合预期时：为什么严谨和学习仍然很重要

IF 7.9 2区工程技术

Journal of Power Sources Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239543

Ilias Belharouak

引用次数: 0

Operando Infrared Thermography and Quantitative Insights into Lithium Plating Dynamics on Electrodes during Fast Charging 快速充电过程中电极上锂电镀动力学的红外热成像和定量研究

IF 7.9 2区工程技术

Journal of Power Sources Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239676

Ayodeji Adeniran, Gowthaman Punithakumar, Dip Dutta, Kevin Sunil, June Bak, Bikram Bhatia, Sam Park

{"title":"Operando Infrared Thermography and Quantitative Insights into Lithium Plating Dynamics on Electrodes during Fast Charging","authors":"Ayodeji Adeniran, Gowthaman Punithakumar, Dip Dutta, Kevin Sunil, June Bak, Bikram Bhatia, Sam Park","doi":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239676","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are critical to enabling electric vehicles and grid storage due to their high energy density and longevity. However, the development of extreme fast-charging (XFC) protocols is challenged by non-uniform thermal behavior that promotes lithium plating—a key degradation mechanism compromising safety and cycle life. This work presents an integrated approach combining operando infrared (IR) thermography and validated physics-based modeling to quantify spatial temperature gradients and their influence on lithium plating in custom-designed graphite | Li half-cells during high-rate charging. Geometry-driven current localization causes thermal hotspots and localized Li plating via electro-thermal coupling. This study provides mechanistic insight into how geometry-driven current localization couples with temperature gradients to bias where plating nucleates and grows in an operando half-cell. While the absolute plating severity in commercial full cells can differ, the framework identifies electro-thermal localization mechanisms that are relevant for understanding and designing cell hardware and charge protocols to reduce plating risk. The combined experimental-modeling framework advances understanding of plating heterogeneity and provides a pathway for optimizing cell design and charging protocols to enable safe, high-power LIB operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Power Sources","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 239676"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-cost rare-earth-oxide-derived Li3TmCl4Br2 halide electrolyte with superior ionic conductivity for all-solid-state batteries 低成本稀土氧化物衍生的Li3TmCl4Br2卤化物电解质，具有优异的离子电导率，用于全固态电池

IF 7.9 2区工程技术

Journal of Power Sources Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239731

Liangke Li , Yang Su , Xin Li , Yue Hu , Hongbing Ding , Jing Jing , Xiangnan Liu , Xinlu Wang , Hongbo Zhang , Guixia Liu , Wensheng Yu , Xiangting Dong , Jinxian Wang

{"title":"Low-cost rare-earth-oxide-derived Li3TmCl4Br2 halide electrolyte with superior ionic conductivity for all-solid-state batteries","authors":"Liangke Li , Yang Su , Xin Li , Yue Hu , Hongbing Ding , Jing Jing , Xiangnan Liu , Xinlu Wang , Hongbo Zhang , Guixia Liu , Wensheng Yu , Xiangting Dong , Jinxian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Halide solid electrolytes (HSEs) are promising for all-solid-state batteries but are hindered by the high cost and hygroscopicity of rare-earth chloride precursors. This study addresses this challenge by developing a novel, cost-effective synthesis strategy. We utilize rare-earth oxides as starting materials and employ an ammonium salt-assisted liquid-phase method to synthesize Li<sub>3</sub>Tm/LuCl<sub>6</sub>-based solid electrolytes. Through systematic optimization and strategic Br<sup>−</sup> doping for partial Cl<sup>−</sup> substitution, we achieve a superior performer Li<sub>3</sub>TmCl<sub>4</sub>Br<sub>2</sub>. This material exhibits a high room-temperature ionic conductivity of 2.94 mS cm<sup>−1</sup>. Crucially, this oxide-based route reduces raw material costs by approximately 70%. Furthermore, we resolve the poor interfacial stability with Li metal by applying a Li<sub>6</sub>PS<sub>5</sub>Cl modification interlayer which enables stable Li stripping/plating for over 1400 h in symmetric cells. All-solid-state batteries using the modified electrolyte demonstrate excellent electrochemical performance. This work provides a rational design strategy and paves a practical path for the scalable production of high-performance and low-cost HSEs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Power Sources","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 239731"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

BiPO4/hard-carbon composite anode enables 10C fast-charging for lithium-ion battery applications BiPO4/硬碳复合阳极可实现锂离子电池应用的10C快速充电

IF 7.9 2区工程技术

Journal of Power Sources Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239756

Rajendra Kumar , Pawan Kumar

{"title":"BiPO4/hard-carbon composite anode enables 10C fast-charging for lithium-ion battery applications","authors":"Rajendra Kumar , Pawan Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Post-transition metal phosphates are promising alternatives to traditional anodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), offering higher energy and power density without concerns of lithium plating. However, their practical applications are hindered by challenges, such as volume expansion, poor rate capability, and capacity degradation, particularly in fast-charging applications. This study presents a strategy to mitigate these challenges and enhance the rate performance of bismuth phosphate (BiPO<sub>4</sub>) by creating a BiPO<sub>4</sub>/hard carbon composite anode.</div><div>BiPO<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles are synthesized via a cost-effective, co-precipitation method at 350 °C (ramp of 10 °C/min). The influence of heating rates on crystallite size is also investigated. The HC sheet accelerates reaction kinetics and Li<sup>+</sup> diffusion within the BiPO<sub>4</sub>/HC composite. Consequently, the BiPO<sub>4</sub>/HC anode demonstrates superior rate performance and cycling stability. It delivers a reversible capacity of 212.2 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> (67% retention after 500 cycles at a current rate 6C) and 200 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> (62% retention after 500 cycles at a current rate 10C), with a consistent 99.9% coulombic efficiency. Furthermore, a full cell assembled with a composite anode and lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO<sub>4</sub>) cathode exhibits 70% capacity retention at a current density of 200 mA g<sup>−1</sup> over 250 cycles, confirming its potential for high-performance applications in LIBs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Power Sources","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 239756"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Techno-economic assessment of the manufacturing of NMC811 cathode active material NMC811正极活性材料制造的技术经济评价

IF 7.9 2区工程技术

Journal of Power Sources Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239534

Erik Resendiz-Mora, Usama Mohamed, Alisyn J. Nedoma, Solomon F. Brown

{"title":"Techno-economic assessment of the manufacturing of NMC811 cathode active material","authors":"Erik Resendiz-Mora, Usama Mohamed, Alisyn J. Nedoma, Solomon F. Brown","doi":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The manufacturing of cathode active materials (CAM) remains a focal point to improve the cost of Li-ion battery packs. A flexible process-level model has been developed and applied to determine key performance indicators of the manufacturing process of NMC811, via co-precipitation. The model predicts that nickel sulphate has the highest rate of consumption at 3.06 kg/kg CAM, followed by manganese sulphate at 0.41 kg/kg CAM, cobalt sulphate and lithium hydroxide at 0.25 kg/kg CAM, however, results carry a level of uncertainty associated with kinetic data used to model the precipitation reaction. The cost of CAM is determined to be $25.6 per kg CAM for the base case and can vary in the range $16.1–$48.4 per kg CAM, similarly, the minimum selling price of goods was determined at $32.3 per kg CAM and can fluctuate in the range $16.3 – $60.9 per kg CAM. The strength of the approach presented here lies in the capability of the model to incorporate detailed data regarding the chemistry of the system, allowing for further expansion of the model to conduct optimization studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Power Sources","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 239534"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Power-law analysis of the rate capability of lithium insertion materials using the dilute-electrode method 用稀释电极法对锂插入材料的速率能力进行幂律分析

IF 7.9 2区工程技术

Journal of Power Sources Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239738

Kingo Ariyoshi, Shuji Nabe

{"title":"Power-law analysis of the rate capability of lithium insertion materials using the dilute-electrode method","authors":"Kingo Ariyoshi, Shuji Nabe","doi":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the intrinsic rate capability of lithium insertion materials was systematically investigated using the dilute-electrode method, which minimizes electrolyte transport limitations and isolates solid-state Li-ion transport. Seven representative compounds with olivine, layered, and spinel structures were examined, corresponding to one-, two-, and three-dimensional Li-ion conduction pathways. Under these conditions, the discharge capacity exhibited a clear dependence on conduction-path dimensionality: as the dimensionality decreased, the capacity increasingly deviated from the ideal linear dependence on current density and showed pronounced nonlinearity. All rate behaviors were accurately described using a stretched-exponential relation, enabling quantitative characterization with two independent parameters, α and β. The parameter α defines the characteristic current scale at which capacity fade becomes apparent and correlates with the diffusion coefficient and particle size, reflecting the effective kinetic rate of Li-ion transport. In contrast, β governs the shape of capacity-retention curve and increases systematically with the effective dimensionality of Li-ion conduction pathways, indicating enhanced transport homogeneity. These results demonstrate that rate capability is governed not only by diffusion speed but also by the dimensionality and heterogeneity of Li-ion transport pathways. The proposed α–β framework provides a unified basis for comparing intrinsic rate performance across materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Power Sources","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 239738"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0