Fire Technology最新文献

Experimental Study on the Smoke Propagation in Subway Tunnels with Various Ventilation Modes 不同通风方式下地铁隧道烟气传播的实验研究

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Fire Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10694-026-01995-z

Minzhang Liu, Ni Gao, Kaisen Liang, Shu Liu, Rong Gao, Yifan Zhang, Xiaoran Wang, Bin Yang

{"title":"Experimental Study on the Smoke Propagation in Subway Tunnels with Various Ventilation Modes","authors":"Minzhang Liu, Ni Gao, Kaisen Liang, Shu Liu, Rong Gao, Yifan Zhang, Xiaoran Wang, Bin Yang","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01995-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01995-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The spread and exhaust of smoke during a subway tunnel fire are crucial factors affecting passenger safety and comfort, with the ventilation system playing a key role in this process. Therefore, studying the smoke exhaust performance of different ventilation modes is essential for improving subway safety. Due to the elongated characteristics of tunnels and the hazardous nature of fires, most existing studies rely on numerical simulations, with a lack of experimental research in this field. A 40 m-long tunnel fire experimental platform is established, equipped with vertical shaft ventilation, longitudinal ventilation, and localized semi-transverse ventilation systems. The blockage condition and different fire source locations are taken into account while analyzing the smoke exhaust performance of each ventilation mode. The results show that for both shaft and semi-transverse ventilation, downward blowing performs better than outward exhaust, with a reduction of approximately 9.6%–47% in the upwind ceiling-temperature response associated with smoke backlayering. The comparison study shows that for train fires with blockage, shaft mechanical ventilation provides the best smoke exhaust performance, with the upwind ceiling-temperature response 49.2% and 81.7% lower than that under longitudinal and semi-transverse ventilation, respectively. In contrast, for tunnel fires without blockage, longitudinal ventilation is more effective. This study provides experimental evidence and data support for optimizing smoke exhaust systems in subway tunnels during fires.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lightweight Deep Learning Models for Real Time Wildfire Detection 用于实时野火检测的轻量级深度学习模型

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Fire Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10694-026-01993-1

Thomas Bianchi Todt, Rafik Ghali, Moulay A. Akhloufi

{"title":"Lightweight Deep Learning Models for Real Time Wildfire Detection","authors":"Thomas Bianchi Todt, Rafik Ghali, Moulay A. Akhloufi","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01993-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01993-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wildfires pose a severe threat to human life, property, and ecosystems. Early wildland fire detection systems are critical for effective response and mitigation. This paper presents a novel real time wildfire detection system that leverages recent advancements in lightweight deep learning models, specifically optimized for deployment on resource-constrained embedded devices such as the Jetson Nano. The proposed system is capable of detecting both smoke and fire in aerial and ground images, addressing important challenges such as small fire zones, variable fire characteristics, and complex backgrounds. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed YOLO models achieved high detection accuracy with low computational power, outperforming several state-of-the-art approaches. These models demonstrated a balance between high detection performance and computational efficiency as lightweight models. Among them, YOLOv8m-p2 achieved a mAP50 of 74.80 ± 0.71%, 4.25 FPS, and an inference time of 0.24 s on the Jetson Nano using D-Fire dataset, confirming the system’s suitability for real time wildfire monitoring in resource-constrained environments. The proposed approaches contribute to advancing wildfire management strategies by enabling faster intervention and reducing potential damage through efficient embedded artificial intelligence wildfire detection algorithms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the Cost-Effectiveness of Interlinked Fire Alarm Systems in Scotland and England 评估苏格兰和英格兰互联火灾报警系统的成本效益

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Fire Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10694-026-01991-3

Samiksha Bastola, David Rush

{"title":"Evaluating the Cost-Effectiveness of Interlinked Fire Alarm Systems in Scotland and England","authors":"Samiksha Bastola, David Rush","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01991-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01991-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper applies the J value framework to assess when interlinked domestic fire alarm systems would be cost effective in Scotland and England. Pre policy national statistics pool dwellings with no alarms, standalone alarms (the vast majority), and some interlinked systems, so they do not identify the marginal effect of interlinking. We therefore present threshold (break-even) conditions: combinations of reductions in fatalities, injuries, and direct property damage that yield J ≤ 1 for self and professional installation, using historical statistics only as non-causal, illustrative anchors for sensitivity analyses. It was found that, across both countries, damage reduction is the dominant driver of cost-effectiveness, followed by fatality reduction; injury reduction has limited influence (assuming direct injury costs only). One-way thresholds indicate that achieving <span>(:Jle:1)</span>typically requires around 30–60% reduction in direct property damage, with fatality thresholds generally around 40–80% depending on installation method and region. Two-factor (damage and fatality) thresholds show trade-offs between these reductions, with more demanding conditions in England due to higher expected damage per fire. Tornado analyses centred on an illustrative base case confirm that installation cost and damage-related inputs exert the greatest influence on <span>(:J)</span>, while societal discount rates have modest effects. Interlinked systems can be cost effective where installed costs are lower (for example self-installation) and reductions in property damage, and secondarily fatalities, are moderate to large. Improved data on alarm type and performance, property-damage costs, and near-misses would enable movement from threshold analysis to causal evaluation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10694-026-01991-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterizing Smoke Contaminants on Wildland Firefighters’ Protective Clothing from Wood Combustion 野火消防员防护服中木材燃烧产生的烟雾污染物特征

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Fire Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10694-026-01992-2

Momtaz Islam, Sumit Mandal, Habeeb H. Al-Mashala, Elijah G. Schnitzler, Adriana Petrova, Robert J. Agnew, Preston Larson, Lynn M. Boorady

{"title":"Characterizing Smoke Contaminants on Wildland Firefighters’ Protective Clothing from Wood Combustion","authors":"Momtaz Islam, Sumit Mandal, Habeeb H. Al-Mashala, Elijah G. Schnitzler, Adriana Petrova, Robert J. Agnew, Preston Larson, Lynn M. Boorady","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01992-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01992-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, the frequency of wildfires in the United States has increased significantly. Wildfires result in the combustion of biomass, which generates a substantial quantity of smoke particles that contain high levels of toxic and carcinogenic chemicals. Wildland firefighters often encounter these carcinogenic compounds during fire suppression activities. These carcinogenic compounds can deposit and/or pass through the protective gear, resulting in dermal exposure that can lead to the development of skin cancer. Therefore, there is a critical need to investigate how fabric parameters affect the deposition and/or transmission through protective clothing, as the amount of deposition and/or transmission may vary depending on the fabric parameters. This study aims to investigate the impact of fabric properties on the deposition and transmission of smoke particles through protective garments. A novel protocol was developed in a controlled laboratory setting to simulate wildfire smoke and analyze the particles deposited on swatches of fabric used in firefighters’ clothing. Three commercial outer-layer fire protective fabrics and one inner-layer cotton fabric were exposed to smoke generated from pine wood combustion. Key parameters, including burning temperature, airflow, fabric air permeability, surface friction and roughness, were analyzed for their role in particle deposition. Results showed that higher temperatures and airflow increased deposition, with fabrics exhibiting lower air permeability and greater surface roughness accumulating more particles. This research will contribute to the existing body of knowledge on the interaction between smoke-borne carcinogens and protective textiles, offering evidence-based guidance for the development of enhanced gear for wildland firefighters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Relevance of Law and Economics for Fire Safety 法律和经济学与消防安全的相关性

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Fire Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10694-026-01980-6

Ruben Korsten, Andrea Franchini, Ruben Van Coile

{"title":"The Relevance of Law and Economics for Fire Safety","authors":"Ruben Korsten, Andrea Franchini, Ruben Van Coile","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01980-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01980-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article investigates how the discipline of Law and Economics (“L&E”) can guide legal frameworks for fire safety by aligning legal rules, economic incentives, and engineering practices. We first introduce core L&E concepts – externalities, information asymmetries, public-goods, and liability structures – and their relevance for fire safety. We then develop a mathematical model for the total cost of fire (for a design problem or building portfolio), and use this model to contrast prescriptive and performance-based regimes and compare three liability standards (strict liability, code-compliance negligence, and due-diligence negligence). When considering a full internalization of the cost of fire (i.e., when the private decision-maker carries all fire-related costs), our analyses show that prescriptive regimes generate over- or under-investment in preventive measures, resulting in sub-optimal societal outcomes. Performance-based regimes, on the other hand, provide private decision makers with the incentive to invest up to societally optimal safety investments. The comparison of liability regimes shows that the internalization of the cost of fire is most effectively achieved by the strict liability regime. A liability regime of negligence based on due diligence (professional standards) also pushes private decision-makers towards adopting societally optimum designs. However, when negligence is established by the (lack of) compliance with prescriptive fire safety codes, this results in societally suboptimal designs. These results imply that policymakers should favor adaptable, efficiency-oriented regulatory designs, and highlight that liability regimes should be calibrated to internalize fire safety related costs. In more general terms, the results demonstrate the power of L&E approaches for supporting discussions on fire safety legislation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10694-026-01980-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-parameter Numerical and Scaled Experimental Analysis of Water Mist Fire Suppression Performance in Offshore Substation Main Transformer Rooms 海上变电站主变机房细水雾灭火性能多参数数值及尺度实验分析

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Fire Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10694-026-01996-y

Huiqing Qi, Xinhong Ma, Lin Su, Xi Liu, Fumin Guo, Zhaohui Yang

{"title":"Multi-parameter Numerical and Scaled Experimental Analysis of Water Mist Fire Suppression Performance in Offshore Substation Main Transformer Rooms","authors":"Huiqing Qi, Xinhong Ma, Lin Su, Xi Liu, Fumin Guo, Zhaohui Yang","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01996-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01996-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study employs multi-parameter numerical simulations and a 1:2 scaled experiment to systematically evaluate the performance of a high-pressure water mist fire suppression system in offshore substation main transformer rooms under varying wind speeds, top shielding configurations, and fire source locations. Full-scale and scaled Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) models were developed and validated against experimental results, examining the effects of wind speeds (2.87, 7.07, 20, and 35 m/s), top shielding rates (0%, 60%, 100%), and fire source locations on suppression efficiency and heat release rate (HRR) decay. Results show that high wind speed (35 m/s) enhances droplet penetration, increasing the average HRR decay rate to − 0.56 kW/s. A regular 60% shielding configuration balances smoke venting and droplet distribution, significantly shortening the extinguishing time for top-position fires compared with a fully enclosed structure. Top-position fires remain difficult to extinguish due to thermal plume disturbances, whereas unobstructed bottom fires can be suppressed within tens of seconds. Structural optimization recommendations are proposed for water mist systems in extreme offshore wind environments, providing valuable guidance for fire safety design in offshore substations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fire Behaviour of Gaps in Cross Laminated Timber Panel-to-Panel Connections 交叉层压木板与木板连接缝隙的防火性能

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Fire Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-24 DOI: 10.1007/s10694-026-01999-9

Wyatt J. Garrett, Erica C. Fischer, Laura E. Hasburgh

{"title":"Fire Behaviour of Gaps in Cross Laminated Timber Panel-to-Panel Connections","authors":"Wyatt J. Garrett, Erica C. Fischer, Laura E. Hasburgh","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01999-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01999-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mass timber construction results in small gaps at abutting members due to construction tolerances and varying moisture conditions, among other reasons. These intersections, typically at connections, may have detrimental impacts on the fire performance of a structure causing loss of fire integrity earlier in the fire and thereby enabling the spread of fire. However, there has been a lack of testing to explore the effects of these gaps on the fire behaviour of mass timber, particularly at cross laminated timber (CLT) panel-to-panel connections. To investigate the fire behaviour of CLT with gaps at the panel-to-panel connections, twenty-five unprotected, unloaded CLT panels with gaps (3 and 6 mm) were tested. Panels were exposed to the standard fire (ASTM E119) for one hour. Temperature and char depths were measured to explore the influence of connection geometry and gap size. The results were compared to current design guidance provided in the Fire Design Specification (FDS) for Wood Construction. The results of the analysis demonstrated that the horizontal and vertical charring between abutting members in the panel-to-panel connections was overestimated by the FDS in every specimen tested. During the cooling phase, char continued to develop in the connection gaps when unrestricted airflow was enabled. Connection geometry, gap size, and the restriction of airflow had the greatest impact on temperature rise and char development within the connection gap.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unpacking Electric Bicycle Fire Safety Governance: Baselines, Backbones, and Macro-level Drivers Within the TOE Framework 拆解电动自行车消防安全治理：TOE框架内的基线、骨干和宏观层面驱动因素

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Fire Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-22 DOI: 10.1007/s10694-026-01990-4

Rui Cheng, Changqi Dong, Jida Liu, Song Zhang

{"title":"Unpacking Electric Bicycle Fire Safety Governance: Baselines, Backbones, and Macro-level Drivers Within the TOE Framework","authors":"Rui Cheng, Changqi Dong, Jida Liu, Song Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01990-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01990-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rapid growth of electric bicycles in high-density urban environments has generated escalating fire risks and new challenges for public safety governance. Existing studies have mainly examined isolated technical or administrative instruments, while paying insufficient attention to how multiple governance conditions combine to produce effective fire-risk prevention. Drawing on the technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework, this study examines how technological, organizational, and environmental conditions shape e-bike fire-safety governance. A mixed-methods design is adopted. Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA) and fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) are applied to 30 Chinese provinces to identify necessary baselines and sufficient configurations, while a supplementary XGBoost-SHAP analysis of 228 Chinese cities is used to examine predictive importance and non-linear marginal effects. The results suggest a qualified layered governance logic. Building access control functions as a non-trivial necessary baseline for preventing systemic failure. The fsQCA results reveal four equifinal pathways to high performance, in which charging infrastructure adequacy and market compliance enforcement frequently serve as configurational backbones. The city-level XGBoost-SHAP results further indicate that public fire-safety education and regional economic development are important predictive drivers of performance variation. These findings show that effective e-bike fire-safety governance requires not a single dominant instrument, but coherent policy packages that combine upstream technical compliance, infrastructure provision, access control, market enforcement, affordability, and user-oriented education.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Thermohydraulic Spalling in Blended Cement Concrete 水泥混凝土热液剥落分析

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Fire Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-22 DOI: 10.1007/s10694-026-01989-x

Tim Pittrich, Frank Dehn, Frank Weise, Ludwig Stelzner

{"title":"Analysis of Thermohydraulic Spalling in Blended Cement Concrete","authors":"Tim Pittrich, Frank Dehn, Frank Weise, Ludwig Stelzner","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01989-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01989-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recently, the construction industry has increasingly focused on the development of more sustainable transport infrastructure, such as tunnels, driven by the growing use of clinker-reduced cements. One major challenge in this context is fire exposure, which can lead to severe structural damage through concrete spalling, thereby compromising the integrity of the structure. To date, the fire-induced spalling behavior of blended cement concrete remains insufficiently understood. This is particularly concerning, given the increasing adoption of blended cements with reduced clinker content, which are expected to see widespread use in the future. Consequently, a deeper understanding of how different cement types influence spalling susceptibility is of great importance. A comprehensive study was conducted to investigate spalling behavior and analyze the associated thermohydraulic effects in concretes made with CEM I, CEM II/A-LL, CEM III/A, and CEM II/B-Q. The findings revealed that the use of blended cements generally led to increased spalling susceptibility, even in normal-strength concrete. Additional analysis indicated that blended cement concretes exhibited lower permeability and higher moisture content, both of which are likely contributors to the elevated spalling risk. Furthermore, the study showed that moisture transport during heating closely follows the dehydration behavior of the cementitious matrix. Blended cement pastes were found to contain lower quantities of early-dehydrating AFt and AFm phases, as well as more thermally stable C-(A)-S-H phases. Moreover, the incorporation of polypropylene fibers into the concrete mix effectively mitigated spalling across all cement types. Therefore, demonstrating the continued effectiveness of polypropylene fibers as a spalling prevention strategy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10694-026-01989-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental Study on the Flexural Response of Fire-Exposed Hybrid Rebar-Reinforced Concrete Elements 火灾暴露下钢筋混凝土混合构件受弯响应试验研究

IF 2.4 3区工程技术

Fire Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-22 DOI: 10.1007/s10694-026-01997-x

R. Rajkumar, Ahmar Alam, S. Shamim Ebrahim, C. Arunkumar

{"title":"Experimental Study on the Flexural Response of Fire-Exposed Hybrid Rebar-Reinforced Concrete Elements","authors":"R. Rajkumar, Ahmar Alam, S. Shamim Ebrahim, C. Arunkumar","doi":"10.1007/s10694-026-01997-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10694-026-01997-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents a comprehensive experimental investigation into the post-fire flexural performance of reinforced concrete (RC) prisms strengthened with hybrid steel–GFRP rebars, an area where limited data exist regarding behavior under elevated temperatures. A total of 48 prisms (500 × 100 × 100 mm) were cast using M30 and M60 concrete and reinforced with four hybrid reinforcement combinations (0, 33, 67, and 100% GFRP in the tension zone). The specimens were exposed to simulated post-fire temperatures of 500, 700 and 900 °C in a muffle furnace and subsequently tested under four-point bending. Unlike previous studies that examined either GFRP degradation or high-temperature effects in isolation, this work simultaneously evaluates residual flexural strength, stiffness degradation, ductility, and reduction factors for hybrid reinforcement systems. The results demonstrate that hybrid steel–GFRP reinforcement significantly enhances post-fire performance compared to fully GFRP systems by retaining higher load capacity, delaying brittle failure, and improving ductility. Furthermore, M60 concrete showed superior thermal resistance relative to M30 concrete, indicating synergistic benefits when combined with hybrid reinforcement. The findings highlight a novel integration of material hybridization and high-strength concrete as a viable strategy for designing fire-resilient structural elements in applications such as tunnels, industrial facilities, and high-rise structures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":558,"journal":{"name":"Fire Technology","volume":"62 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0