Materials Science and Engineering: A最新文献

{"title":"An insight into high temperature stability of microstructure and mechanical properties of bulk nanocrystalline (AlCoCrCuFeNi)99B1 high entropy alloy processed by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering","authors":"Koushik Sikdar ,&nbsp;Ankita Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;Chinmoy Chottopadhyay ,&nbsp;Debdas Roy ,&nbsp;Rahul Mitra","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bulk nanocrystalline (AlCoCrCuFeNi)₉₉B₁ high entropy alloy (B-doped HEA) and the corresponding base alloy (AlCoCrCuFeNi) with &gt;98 % of theoretical density have been synthesized by mechanical alloying followed by spark plasma sintering (SPS). A detailed analysis of phase constituents in both B-doped HEA and base alloy has revealed the presence of a phases mixture comprising FCC (Cu-rich F1), ordered FCC (Ni₃Al-type F2), BCC (Cr-rich) and ordered BCC (NiAl-type B2), with a mean grain size of approximately ∼ 63 nm, along with the dispersion of WC. Furthermore, the B-doped HEA has exhibited superior hardness (∼6.98 ± 0.08 GPa) and compressive strength (&gt;2 GPa) indicating enhancements of ∼5.9 % and ∼21.1 %, respectively compared to the base alloy. The effect of B-addition on thermal stability has been evaluated by annealing both the alloys at 1173 K for 1–10 h, and comparing their post-anneal microstructures and hardness. A quantitative analysis of the post-anneal microstructures has shown a negligible variation in the relative phase fractions of the B-doped HEA, contrary to the monotonic increase in the FCC phase fraction of the base alloy with increasing duration of annealing. The segregation of B at the phase boundaries appears to have inhibited both phase decomposition and grain growth, leading to superior thermal stability with retention of the nanocrystalline microstructure throughout the holding period (with a mean grain size of ∼76 nm after 10 h). Owing to higher thermal stability, 10 h annealing has led to a lower (∼3 %) drop in hardness in the B-doped HEA compared to the base alloy, causing the hardness difference between these alloys to increase to ∼8 %. Analysis of the strengthening mechanisms suggests that the Hall-Petch mechanism is the key contributor to strength, which is further augmented by the Orowan strengthening contributed by the dispersed Cr₇C₃ particles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"936 ","pages":"Article 148408"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing mechanical properties of IN718 through promoted intragranular γ'' phase precipitation during solidification by coupling hypergravity with rapid cooling","authors":"Minle Liao ,&nbsp;Wenhao Jiang ,&nbsp;Chi Zhang ,&nbsp;Guohuai Liu ,&nbsp;Zhaodong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The simultaneous enhancement of strength and ductility of casting superalloy remains a challenge. In this work, a novel method combining hypergravity and rapid cooling was developed to optimize the solidification microstructure, to further improve the mechanical properties of nickel-based superalloy. Under conditions of 1000 G hypergravity and rapid cooling, dense IN718 with uniform fine grains was prepared. The process also promoted dislocation nucleation, refined Laves phase to 2 μm, and promoted intragranular γ′′ phase precipitation. Through the synergistic effects of grain refinement, precipitation strengthening, and dislocation strengthening, coupled with refined Laves phase and activation of slip systems, the IN718 exhibited a superior combination of ultimate tensile strength and elongation of 1115.5 <span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo></mrow></math></span> 12 MPa and 24.2<span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo></mrow></math></span> 0.8 %, respectively. The combined effects of hypergravity and rapid cooling generated high pressure and thermal stress in the molten metal, forming dislocation networks that served as preferential nucleation sites for intragranular precipitation. Moreover, hypergravity increased the nucleation driving force of the γ'' phase, thereby promoting intragranular γ'' precipitation. Due to the competitive precipitation effect, the precipitation of Laves phase was restricted, resulting in fine and dispersed Laves particles that no longer serve as stress concentrators. The fine-grained microstructures with high pre-existing dislocations ensured slip system activation and efficient strain accommodation, resulting in the delayed onset of necking and improved elongation. This work provides a new perspective for fabricating high-performance as-cast IN718. Moreover, the results of microstructure-property relationship under hypergravity may improve the understanding of the solidification behavior and plastic deformation of IN718 and guide a further upgrading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"935 ","pages":"Article 148415"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unique double steady state creep rate and deformation mechanism of a CoNi-based superalloy","authors":"Chunhe Chu ,&nbsp;Chong Li ,&nbsp;Qianying Guo ,&nbsp;Meng Zhou ,&nbsp;Ke Jing ,&nbsp;Alex A. Volinsky ,&nbsp;Yi Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongchang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The creep behavior of CoNi-based superalloys at high temperatures and low stress conditions (960 °C/150 MPa) was investigated. A unique double steady state creep rate is observed as the creep of such superalloy proceeds. The formation of the first steady state creep rate can be attributed to the γ/γ′ interface preventing dislocations from de-shearing the γ′ phase and the formation of &lt;101&gt; superdislocations in the γ′ phase. As a large number of dislocations shear into the γ′ phase, the creep rate increases rapidly. The formation of large size γ′ phase obstructs the other γ′ phase rafting, the superdislocation networks at the interface of large size γ′ phase and a&lt;100&gt; superdislocation in γ′ phase causing a hardening effect, which led the superalloy to second steady state creep rate and improve the creep resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"935 ","pages":"Article 148406"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Directed energy deposition repair of dissimilar ultra-high strength steels: Martensite variant selection and dynamic deformation mechanism","authors":"Xiaohu Guan ,&nbsp;Xiaohong Zhan ,&nbsp;Zhangping Hu ,&nbsp;Yuchi Fang ,&nbsp;Qiyu Gao ,&nbsp;Leilei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser directed energy deposition (DED) for dissimilar material reinforcement repair of ultra-high strength steel (UHSS) components after localized damage is a cost-effective method that significantly improves the performance of the components. In this study, high-alloy UHSS AerMet100 was used for DED repair on 30CrMnSi steel, and the microstructure, as well as the quasi-static and dynamic mechanical properties of the repaired samples, were systematically evaluated. The aim is to achieve restoration of base material properties without post-heat treatment. The results indicate that the microstructure of the repair zone is predominantly composed of fully martensitic, devoid of carbides. Owing to grain refinement and increased carbide precipitation, the heat affected zone of the 30CrMnSi substrate showed no signs of weakening or degradation in mechanical properties in various mechanical tests. The ultimate tensile strength of the repaired sample is 965 MPa, which corresponds to 99 % of the substrate strength (970 MPa). Additionally, the lath martensite in the repair zone exhibited a strong variant preference for V7 to V12, while the six variants within the same habit plane were nearly evenly distributed, indicating that martensite variant preferential transformation is primarily governed by the specific habit plane of the parent austenite, rather than the habit direction. Moreover, the tendency of dislocation slip to follow longer paths to avoid premature obstruction at lath boundaries, combined with the greater number of available slip systems in the body-centered cubic structure, makes the shape factor of martensite the key determinant in slip system activation under high strain rate deformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"935 ","pages":"Article 148336"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ high modulus steel strengthened with Ni3Ti nano-precipitation","authors":"Cainv Ma,&nbsp;Yizhuang Li,&nbsp;Jialin Chen,&nbsp;Hongshuang Di,&nbsp;Wei Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The low yield strength of high modulus steels (HMSs) hampers their practical applications as high-rigid structural materials in key sectors such as construction and transportation. To address this challenge, we introduce a small amount of nickel into the Fe-Ti-B alloy system, leveraging the strengthening concept of maraging steels without significantly increasing alloying costs. The resulting Ni-added HMS, in its as-hot-rolled state and reinforced with TiB₂, contains dense Ni₃Ti nanoprecipitates within the ferrite matrix. These nanoprecipitates effectively shorten dislocation segments, thereby increasing the flow stress required for the continuous dislocation movement. Meanwhile, this new HMS maintains a high Young's modulus and low density, comparable to existing Fe-TiB₂ steel. This work offers a viable approach to producing cost-effective high modulus steels with enhanced strength levels suitable for structural applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"935 ","pages":"Article 148355"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interface microstructure and strengthening mechanisms of medium-entropy alloy FeCoNiCr particle reinforced titanium composites","authors":"Yizhou Tang,&nbsp;Faming Zhang,&nbsp;Yifeng Xiong,&nbsp;Yuhang Hu,&nbsp;Huiya Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The matrix and interface of Titanium Matrix Composites (TMCs) have posed significant challenges in material science. Unlike traditional ceramic particle-reinforced TMCs, this study achieved enhanced interface bonding and multiple strengthening effects through solid-solution and secondary phase strengthening with medium-entropy alloy (MEA) particle of FeCoNiCr fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The microstructure, features of interface layer, mechanical properties and strengthening mechanisms were investigated. Experimental results revealed that the interface layer comprised a multilayer FCC solid solution and σ-phase structure formed by the interaction between the FeCoNiCr and the Ti6Al4V matrix, along with microstructural features such as stacking faults and twins. The tensile strength, yield strength and hardness of the composites improved with increasing MEA content. The optimal balance of strength and ductility was achieved at 3 wt% MEA, yielding an unprecedented tensile strength of 1162 MPa and elongation of 11 %. These improvements are attributed to grain refinement, Orowan strengthening and solid solution strengthening. The formation of a multilayer complex structure at the MEA/matrix interface addressed the limitations of poor bonding in ceramic particle-reinforced TMCs, offering a significant advancement in composite material design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"935 ","pages":"Article 148359"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced strength-ductility synergy in multilayered aluminum via integrating dual-heterogeneous structures","authors":"Huijun Fang ,&nbsp;Hushaoxiao Jiang ,&nbsp;Xin Bai ,&nbsp;Yuhang Wang ,&nbsp;Xinbo Ni ,&nbsp;Xuewen Li ,&nbsp;Hao Wu ,&nbsp;Wujing Fu ,&nbsp;Guohua Fan ,&nbsp;Yiping Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tailoring multi-type or multi-scale heterogeneous structures offers a promising pathway to overcome the strength-ductility trade-off in metallic materials. In this study, a dual-heterogeneous structure is developed within AA3003/AA1060 multilayered aluminum via simply controlled annealing temperatures, synergizing bimodal grain distributions (fine/coarse grains with micro-scale contrast) within multilayered frameworks. Compared to the single multilayered sample, the dual-heterogeneous sample achieve a notable improvement in the uniform elongation (from 9.8 % to 15.5 %), with only a marginal reduction in yield strength (∼13 MPa). Comprehensive microstructural analyses reveal that tailored nano dispersoid redistribution within AA3003 layers enables preferential growth of partially recrystallized grains, responsible for the inclusion of the bimodal structure. By analyzing the dislocation structures upon the tensile deformation, it is found that the heterogeneous interfaces of bimodal structure can accumulate more geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) than conventional layered interfaces, also show a superior capacity of dislocation multiplications. These microstructural features can explain the enhanced work hardening capacity in the dual-heterogeneous structure. This work can contribute valuable insights into the design strategies for heterogeneous metals, aiming at a superior mechanical performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"935 ","pages":"Article 148379"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toughening nitride hard coatings by deflecting cracks along grain boundaries","authors":"Yinxia Zhang ,&nbsp;Matthias Bartosik ,&nbsp;Steffen Brinckmann ,&nbsp;Subin Lee ,&nbsp;Christoph Kirchlechner","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grain boundaries (GBs) in hard coatings are often considered as the weakest link, acting as preferred pathways for crack propagation and thereby limiting the coating's fracture toughness. In this study, we investigate whether continuous crack deflection along GBs can mitigate this limitation and enhance the fracture resistance of hard coatings. Three model systems were examined: CrN, AlN and their multilayered structure coatings, all characterized by columnar GB structures. Fracture toughness was quantitatively assessed using an <em>in situ</em> SEM micro-cantilever fracture testing. The key approach of this study is the use of two different loading geometries, with notches aligned either parallel or perpendicular to the coating's growth direction, allowing us to compare the influence of the crack propagation direction and deflection. Across all three systems, the perpendicular notch configuration—aligned across the columnar microstructure—resulted in approximately 8 % higher fracture toughness. This enhancement is attributed to continuous crack deflection along GBs during deformation. Additionally, the extent of crack deflection was found to depend on the local GB arrangement, with transgranular fracture observed when no well-aligned GBs were present along the crack path. These findings provide quantitative insights into the toughening mechanisms enabled by GB-mediated crack deflection and offer design strategies for mechanically robust hard coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"935 ","pages":"Article 148392"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the microstructure and properties of a high-alloyed Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy by optimizing the initial temperature of Pre-recovery multi-stage solution treatment (P-MST)","authors":"Qingshan Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaojing Xu ,&nbsp;Can Li","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposed a new strategy to improve the microstructure and properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy via optimizing the initial temperature of pre-recovery multi-stage solution treatment (P-MST, T0°C/12h + 350 °C/12h + 450 °C/2h + 460 °C/2h + 470 °C/2h). This optimization facilitated the adjustment of dislocation density, element solubility, and grain size, resulting in a significant increase in mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. The research found that during the T0°C/12h + 350 °C/12h stage, as the T0 temperature increased, the alloy's dislocation density initially decreased before rising again. The minimum point was achieved at T0 of 300 °C, which led to the lowest driving force for grain growth in the subsequent MST, resulting in the smallest grain size and best corrosion resistance in the T6-aging state. Additionally, during the T0°C/12h and T0°C/12h + 350 °C/12h stages, with a rise in T0 temperature, the average size of the second phase gradually increased. The highest elemental solubility of the matrix after MST occurred at T0 of 300 °C, promoting the alloy to demonstrate the maximum aging precipitation strengthening. Nevertheless, at T0 of 250 °C, the alloy, after T6-aging treatment, presented the lowest dislocation density, thereby achieving the highest strain-hardening capacity and plasticity. At T0 of 250 °C and 300 °C, the alloy exhibited superior properties, with the yield strength of 774 MPa and 803 MPa, the ultimate tensile strength of 802 MPa and 823 MPa, the elongation of 10.1 % and 6.9 %, and the corrosion current density of 1.37 × 10⁻⁶ A cm⁻² and 2.44 × 10⁻⁶ A cm⁻² in 3.5 wt % NaCl solution, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"935 ","pages":"Article 148357"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of Y2O3 reinforced IN718 superalloys fabricated by laser directed energy deposition","authors":"Kuo Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Dang ,&nbsp;Taikang Shi ,&nbsp;Mengyang Li ,&nbsp;Zeng Tian ,&nbsp;Longchao Huang ,&nbsp;Guangni Zhou ,&nbsp;Hongfei Zhang ,&nbsp;Lingzhi Ning ,&nbsp;Dingrui Liu ,&nbsp;Yao Li ,&nbsp;Fengying Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser directed energy deposition (LDED) presents a promising approach for fabricating and repairing intricate components made from oxide dispersion-strengthened nickel-based superalloys. However, the evolution of oxides during the LDED process and their contributions to the mechanical properties remain insufficiently explored. This study investigated the effects of Y₂O₃ additions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-received and heat-treated states IN718 alloys and the evolution mechanism of Y₂O₃ in the melt pool. During the LDED process, a certain fraction of Y₂O₃ melts and decomposes in the melt pool, reacting in situ with Al to form Al₂O₃-Y₄Al₂O₉ composite oxides. The Y₂O₃ and composite oxide nanoparticles act as heterogeneous nucleation sites, refining the dendritic and grain structures. With increasing the Y₂O₃ addition, the strength of the alloys increases. Notably, the IN718 alloys with 1.0 wt% Y₂O₃ achieve the optimal strength-toughness balance, elevating the room temperature yield strength by 35.7% compared to the as-received sample without Y₂O₃ addition. After heat treatment, the IN718 alloys with 1.0 wt% Y₂O₃ elevate the room temperature yield strength by 4.9% and the high temperature yield strength by 13.4% while exhibiting a more pronounced dynamic strain aging effect than the sample without Y₂O₃ addition. Besides, the oxides showcase a certain deformability owing to the presence of dislocations in the interior, thereby preventing the crack nucleation near the oxides upon tensile straining. This study provides novel insights into enhancing the mechanical properties of additively manufactured IN718 alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"935 ","pages":"Article 148397"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}