Materials Science and Engineering: A最新文献

{"title":"Strength-ductility trade-off in high-Mg aluminum alloys via Y/Gd-induced heterogeneous microstructure","authors":"Mao Peng ,&nbsp;Yanjun Zhao ,&nbsp;Feng Wei ,&nbsp;Jinyu Long ,&nbsp;Haoxiang Yang ,&nbsp;Deyang Lu ,&nbsp;Yang Zeng ,&nbsp;Yan Zhao ,&nbsp;Nengwen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When the Mg-content in 5-series aluminum alloys is ≥ 5 wt%, ductility significantly decreases despite a notable increase in strength. To address this issue, we added 0.18 wt% Y and 0.35 wt% Gd to Al-8.2Mg-0.5Mn alloys and investigated the alterations in their microstructure and properties after homogenization, hot/cold rolling, and annealing. This process introduces numerous fine Mn₂Gd phases (30–400 nm) uniformly distributed within the alloy, alongside a coarse Al₈Mn₄(Gd, Y) phase (1–50 μm). Both phases contribute to forming a heterogeneous grain structure, resulting in a high strength and ductility after a short-duration annealing period of 10 min at 430 °C (UTS ⁓479 MPa, EL⁓21.9 %). The excellent synergy between strength and ductility after short-duration annealing can be attributed to the high solute Mg content, the diffusely distributed fine second phase and grain refinement. In addition, its excellent ductility is also closely related to the high proportion of recrystallized grains (89.3 %) and the heterogeneous grain structure. This paper provides a feasible method to break the synergy between strength and ductility in high-magnesium aluminum alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"947 ","pages":"Article 149182"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic improvement of strength and ductility by nano-lamellar L12 precipitates in Co-free NiFeCrAlTi medium-entropy alloy","authors":"Peng Sang ,&nbsp;Ningning Liang ,&nbsp;Yi Liu ,&nbsp;Lei Gu ,&nbsp;Zan Zhang ,&nbsp;Kunning Niu ,&nbsp;Shenglong Wang ,&nbsp;Xu-Sheng Yang ,&nbsp;Yongsheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High/medium-entropy alloys (H/MEAs) with L1₂ precipitates show a considerable strength-ductility combination. These alloys often contain the cobalt element that contributes to the high-temperature stability of L1₂ precipitates, while the high price of cobalt perplexes the balance of cost and performance. In this work, a novel Co-free Ni₄₆Fe₃₃Cr₁₃Al₅Ti₃ MEA with the unique coherent nano-lamellar Ni₃(Al,Ti) - L1₂ precipitates was processed by generating discontinuous precipitation through 600 °C direct aging after cold rolling (A600), achieving the high strength-ductility synergy with a yield strength of 1518 MPa and uniform elongation of 14.1 %. The high strength originates from the high-density FCC/L1₂ nano-lamellar boundaries, where more dislocations are accumulated in the A600 MEA than that with near spherical L1₂ precipitates aging at 900 °C (A900). In addition, the coherent nano-lamellar allows mobile dislocations to shear through it, reducing the stress concentration at the lamellar phase boundary. A synergistic improvement of strength and ductility achieves in this optimized microstructure for A600 MEA. The Co-free coherent nano-lamellar MEA shows the substantial potential in designing and application of advanced H/MEAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"947 ","pages":"Article 149216"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New mechanisms and approaches in design and heat treatment of Al-Cu-Mn-Zr(-Sn, Si) based casting alloys aiming to increase heat resistance via formation of α(AlMnSi) phase dispersoids assisted by θʹ precipitates","authors":"T.K. Akopyan ,&nbsp;F.O. Milovich ,&nbsp;A.A. Lukyanchuk ,&nbsp;T.A. Sviridova ,&nbsp;A.S. Fortuna ,&nbsp;N.V. Letyagin ,&nbsp;I.S. Solovev","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The new ACLSZ alloy with the composition (wt.%) Al-5.6Cu-0.48La-0.44Mn-0.2Zr-0.1Sn-0.21Si was subjected in the as-cast state to high-temperature aging at 300 °C for 3 h (without preliminary solid solution heat treatment) and further stabilization annealing at 350 °C for up to 200 h. Comprehensive structural analysis revealed the presence of the previously undescribed intermetallic Al₄LaSi(Cu,Mn)₂ compound with a tetragonal P4/mmm structure (tP8/19). The hardness of the alloy after aging and stabilization annealing reaches ∼91 HV after a 100 h exposure and then remains almost unchanged. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study showed the formation of classical plate-like precipitates corresponding to the θʹ-phase after aging. After long-term annealing at 350 °C for up to 200 h, fine rounded or slightly elongated crystals of the α(AlMnSi) phase with a size of 30–50 nm and a high number density are found in association with θʹ-phase platelets. The data obtained allowed one to develop new mechanisms for the improvement of the heat resistance of the Al-Cu-Mn-Zr based alloys: (i) formation of plate-like θʹ-phase precipitates through high-temperature aging. At the same time, the aluminum solid solution must be supersaturated with Mn; (ii) at the second sub-stage the θʹ-phase crystals should be further stabilized through annealing due to the combined segregation of Zr, Si and Mn atoms at the θʹ/(Al) interfaces; (iii) during further annealing, the assisted formation of the fine α(AlMnSi) phase dispersoids with high number density and high heat resistance takes place directly at the θʹ-phase precipitates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"947 ","pages":"Article 149217"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strain-induced recrystallization behavior in single-crystal copper processing wires: The role of trace Y on mechanical property evolution at room temperature","authors":"Shaolin Li ,&nbsp;Chenyang Ge ,&nbsp;Kexing Song ,&nbsp;Xiuhua Guo ,&nbsp;Yanjun Zhou ,&nbsp;Yahui Liu ,&nbsp;Haitao Liu ,&nbsp;Chaomin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jun Cao ,&nbsp;Fei Cao ,&nbsp;Junjie Sun ,&nbsp;Hailin Jing","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single-crystal copper processing wire as a critical conductive material for transmission wires in integrated circuits, plays an essential role in ultra-fine processing due to its superior plastic deformation capability. This study investigates the evolution of plastic deformation and microstructural changes in single-crystal copper processing wire under high strain conditions with the addition of the rare earth element Y. Furthermore, the influence of the rare earth element Y on the mechanical properties, microstructure development, and texture composition of single-crystal copper processing wire is systematically examined. The study employed scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), X-ray diffraction (XRD), three-dimensional atom probe tomography (3D-APT), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for material analysis and characterization. A Y-O atomic mutual attraction model was developed to analyze the nanoscale precipitated phases. The results indicate that a “Y-O″ phase forms at ε ≥ 3.68, accompanied by a “self-annealing” phenomenon. Specifically, during room temperature plastic deformation, the tensile strength of Cu-0.03Y processing wire (291.73 MPa) decreases by 35.4 %, while its elongation(5.75 %) increases by 751 % compared to that of single-crystal copper processing wire (0.675 %). The presence of multi-scale precipitates, including nanoscale Y₂O₃ and micron-scale Cu₅Y precipitates, in micro-alloyed single-crystal copper processing wires induces significant lattice distortion and enhances the cumulative dislocation density. The high dislocation density facilitates dislocation reorganization, subgrain rotation, and the transition from LAGBs to HAGBs, thereby increasing the volume fraction of &lt;100&gt; and &lt;110&gt; fiber textures and promoting recrystallization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"947 ","pages":"Article 149200"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on the effect of Cr content on the microstructure and nanohardness of (CoFeNi)100-xCrx high entropy alloys by diffusion couple method","authors":"Genfeng Shang ,&nbsp;Xiaoqun Li ,&nbsp;YueShan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A high-throughput experimental method combining diffusion couple and nanoindentation technique provides a high-efficiency way to obtain the influence of Cr content on the microstructure and micromechanical properties of the (CoFeNi)_{100-<em>x</em>}Cr_<em>x</em> high entropy alloys (HEAs). In the present work, the microstructural evolution of CoFeNi-(CoFeNi)₅₅Cr₄₅ diffusion couple after annealing at 800 °C, 1000 °C, and 1200 °C has been investigated. The phase constitution of the diffusion couple is fcc + bcc two-phase at 1200 °C, while fcc+σ two-phase forms at 800 °C and 1000 °C. As the annealing temperature increases, the interdiffusion zone (IDZ) and the phase-boundary movement distance (PBMD) at the interface of diffusion couple specimen expands, with the IDZ and the PBMD reaching 500 μm and 170 μm, respectively, at 1200 °C. Furthermore, the nanohardness in IDZ increases with the Cr content, which is mainly due to the significant lattice distortion effect caused by Cr addition. The CALculated PHAse Diagram (CALPHAD) method was used to simulate the phase evolution and phase boundary movement of the diffusion couple specimens. In turn, the microstructural evolution of the diffusion couple specimen at different annealing temperatures was revealed. This high-throughput method facilitates alloy design as well as provides high-quality data for data mining techniques to accelerate alloy development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"947 ","pages":"Article 149214"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of extrusion temperature and speed on texture evolution in Mg-Zn-Gd alloy and their correlation with mechanical properties","authors":"Shiyuan Xu ,&nbsp;Jing Xu ,&nbsp;Bo Guan ,&nbsp;Xuan Luo ,&nbsp;Dikai Guan ,&nbsp;Xuejian Li ,&nbsp;Huihui Yu ,&nbsp;Jiahao Wang ,&nbsp;Qiang Hu ,&nbsp;Yunchang Xin","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is generally believed that the addition of rare earth (RE) elements can modify the texture distribution to form a distinct RE texture, which is typically weaker and more dispersed than conventional textures. In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of extrusion temperature and speed synergy on grain boundary segregation and texture evolution in Mg-2Zn-1Gd (wt.%) alloy. Further investigation using Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) in Scanning transmission electron microscopy mode (STEM-EDS) revealed that rare earth magnesium alloys (Mg-RE alloys) do not invariably result in the formation of RE textures, that is under low-temperature and low-speed conditions, Zn/Gd co-segregation dominates RE texture formation by increasing the critical strain for dynamic recrystallization and promoting the nucleation of twins and shear bands. Under high-temperature and high-speed conditions, an imbalance in segregation kinetics (grain boundary migration rate &gt; solute diffusion rate) activates basal slip. This basal slip is activated within recrystallized grains to accommodate imposed strain, contributing to the development of a strong basal texture. In addition, the effect of microstructure evolution with extrusion parameters on mechanical properties of Mg-2Zn-1Gd rods are also systematically investigated, and a numerical calculation are conducted to determine the mechanism on the effect of texture evolution on mechanical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"947 ","pages":"Article 149183"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of laser energy density on the re-manufacturing of LZ50 axle via extreme high-speed laser cladding: microstructure, mechanical property, and fatigue performance","authors":"Hang Lv,&nbsp;Yan Liu,&nbsp;Hui Chen,&nbsp;Jin Liu,&nbsp;Ziqi Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the bogie structure, wheels, axles, and brake discs are critical components and are prone to foreign object impact, abrasive wear and corrosion. Re-manufacturing of rail transit components not only reduces the operating costs of railway network, but also saves metallic resource and cuts the carbon footprint. In this work, scaled samples were cut from scrapped axle, and Fe-based alloy powder was deposited on the surface of axle substrate via extreme high-speed laser cladding (EHLA) method. The effects of laser energy density on the microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, crack propagation resistance, and rotational bend fatigue performance of repaired samples were thoroughly investigated. In addition, an innovative deposition strategy with a gradually-increased laser energy density was proposed to minimize the thermal impact without compromising deposition efficiency. With this method, the tensile elongation, shear plasticity, and crack propagation resistance were enhanced as a result of reduced residual stress level and less thermal impact to substrate. Meanwhile, the rotational bend fatigue experiments indicated that the Fe-based cladding layer exhibited a superior fatigue strength to LZ50 substrate. However, the ductility of re-manufactured samples was still inferior to substrate due to the coated structure, making it could not deform coordinately with substrate under the external loading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"947 ","pages":"Article 149189"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving low-cost, and high-performance titanium-copper alloys by additive manufacturing","authors":"Wangwang Ding ,&nbsp;Busheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan Chen ,&nbsp;Haoran Gu ,&nbsp;Dongxing Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiuquan Guo ,&nbsp;Yong Sun ,&nbsp;Jun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The trade-off between the cost, strength and ductility of titanium (Ti) hinders the development of the industrial applications of Ti. In this work, Ti-Cu alloys were successfully produced via additive manufacturing (AM) by employing low-cost hydrogenation dehydrogenation (HDH) Ti with high oxygen content and Cu powders modified through fluidization. With the addition of Cu and oxygen, the strength of Ti-Cu alloys exhibits a significant enhancement compared to pure Ti. The microstructure of the Ti-Cu alloys was observed through XRD, SEM, EBSD, and TEM. The underlying strengthening and toughening mechanisms of Ti-Cu alloys were uncovered in this study. The excellent mechanical properties may be attributed to grain refinement, solid solution strengthening, and dispersion of nanoscale Ti₂Cu phase. This study provides a useful guidance for 3D printing low-cost, and high-performance metals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"947 ","pages":"Article 149204"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of Mo-20Cu sheets via liquid sintering, cold rolling and heat treatment","authors":"Qing-Gong Zeng ,&nbsp;Hua-Jiang Qin ,&nbsp;Geng An ,&nbsp;Sha Xi ,&nbsp;Jing-Jie Lin ,&nbsp;Guo-Hua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mo-Cu alloys are widely utilized in heat sink materials, electronic packaging, and related fields due to their excellent electrical and thermal conductivity and low coefficient of thermal expansion. However, poor interfacial bonding significantly compromises their plastic deformability, thereby adversely affecting the processability during manufacturing operations. In this work, 0.5-mm-thick Mo-20 wt%Cu (MC20) composites with 80 % deformation were fabricated through high-temperature liquid-phase sintering followed by cold rolling and subsequent heat treatment, using self-synthesized ultrafine Mo powder and commercial Cu powder as raw materials. The changes in microstructure and properties of MC20 composites were investigated under various conditions. The Mo particles exhibited two distinct deformation behaviors at the Mo-Mo interfaces and Mo-Cu interfaces. The synergistic deformation behavior and failure mechanisms of the dual-phase material in the MC20 composite were revealed. Cold mechanical deformation induced a transition in the fracture mechanism of the MC20 composite from ductile to brittle. After annealing at 400 °C, the MC20 composite achieved an ultimate tensile strength of 1042 MPa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"947 ","pages":"Article 149194"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving prominent strength-ductility trade-off and ultrahigh specific strength in novel Ti-V-Al-Zr-Nb LRCCA via inducing HCP precipitates","authors":"Chaojie Liang ,&nbsp;Xinyue Deng ,&nbsp;Chenglei Wang ,&nbsp;Yuankang Xie ,&nbsp;Xiyu He ,&nbsp;Xinhua Wu ,&nbsp;Yunlai Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Balancing lightweight, high strength, and good ductility is a major challenge for structural metals. In this study, we applied a series of mechanical-thermal treatments to a new Ti-V-Al-Zr-Nb lightweight refractory complex concentrated alloy (LRCCA) and systematically examined its microstructure and mechanical properties. The introduction of the precipitates effectively blocks dislocation movement, causing dislocations to pile up at phase interfaces, and thus increasing alloy's strength. Meanwhile, the spacing between precipitates allows some dislocations to keep moving, which reduces stress concentration and helps maintain good ductility. By introducing these precipitates, the alloy achieves a high yield strength of 1100 MPa while still reaching ∼15 % fracture strain. This balance between strength and ductility outperforms many reported RCCAs. The precipitates also enhance work hardening and promote more uniform deformation. Our findings offer a practical way to develop lightweight, strong, and ductile alloys for advanced applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"947 ","pages":"Article 149205"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}