Materials Science and Engineering: A最新文献

{"title":"Binder jetting additive manufacturing of a 95W-3.5Ni-1.5Fe tungsten heavy alloy: Enhanced ductility and dynamic deformation mechanisms","authors":"Kaiyuan Liu ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Li Cao ,&nbsp;Tiejun Wang ,&nbsp;Jianping Fu ,&nbsp;Jianhong Wang ,&nbsp;Jinfang Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Yang ,&nbsp;Yuankui Cao ,&nbsp;Bin Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Li ,&nbsp;Yong Gan","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study demonstrates the fabrication of 95W-3.5Ni-1.5Fe tungsten heavy alloys (WHAs) via binder jetting 3D printing (BJ3DP) with optimized process parameters (layer thickness = 50 μm, binder saturation = 75 %) and a proprietary water-based binder formulation. After sequential processing—including printing, curing, debinding, and sintering—the alloy exhibited a characteristic two‐phase microstructure and achieved near‐full density (99.9 %). Compared with WHAs produced via conventional powder metallurgy, the BJ3DP‐fabricated alloy demonstrated markedly enhanced ductility while maintaining moderate yield and ultimate tensile strengths. Fractographic analysis revealed that improved interfacial bonding between tungsten particles and the γ-phase arises primarily from mechanisms of particle slip and crack bridging. Moreover, dynamic impact tests elucidated the strain-hardening behavior under varied loading conditions: at strain rates below 2000 s⁻¹, uniform plastic deformation via dislocation slip dominated, whereas at strain rates above 2000 s⁻¹, thermal activation promoted rapid dislocation rearrangement and annihilation within tungsten particles, leading to the formation of plate-like subgrains in the deformation zone. This dynamic recovery process effectively mitigates strain hardening and facilitates stress redistribution via localized shear deformation, thereby contributing to the alloy's superior ductility. These findings validate the effectiveness of the applied process-binder optimization strategy, providing critical insights into the deformation mechanisms of additively manufactured tungsten heavy alloys and offer a promising pathway for the design and optimization of high-performance materials for advanced engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148719"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144514095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current density-dependent microstructural evolution and mechanical performance in electropulsing cyclic aging of 2195 Al-Li alloy","authors":"Shengmeng Hui ,&nbsp;Lihua Zhan ,&nbsp;Quanqing Zeng ,&nbsp;Yongqian Xu ,&nbsp;Jingpeng Feng ,&nbsp;Tinghao Li ,&nbsp;Zechao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically investigates the current density-dependent microstructural evolution and mechanical performance of 2195 Al-Li alloy during electropulsing cyclic aging (ECA). By employing gradient pulsed current densities (10–20 A/mm²), we elucidate the synergistic interplay between electron wind force and Joule heating in governing solute diffusion, dislocation dynamics, and precipitation kinetics. At a sub-threshold current density of 10 A/mm², negligible microstructural changes yield mechanical properties identical to those of the as-received (AR) alloy. At 15 A/mm², electron wind force-driven dislocation reorganization dominates over precipitation, inducing Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effects due to enhanced solute mobility. Remarkably, at 20 A/mm², the alloy achieves peak-aged strength (UTS: 548 MPa; YS: 516 MPa) within 5 hours–75 % faster than conventional T8 aging (155 °C/20h)-through accelerated <em>T</em>_<em>1</em> phase (<em>Al</em>_<em>2</em><em>CuLi</em>) nucleation and vacancy-mediated solute diffusion. Thermal-athermal synergy reduces nucleation barriers and enables dislocation density reduction, while coherent <em>T</em>_<em>1</em> phases precipitates counteract strength loss. Fractography reveals current density-dependent failure modes: ductile transgranular fracture (ECA15) transitions to brittle intergranular fracture (ECA20) due to <em>S’</em> phase (<em>Al</em>_<em>2</em><em>CuMg</em>) formation at grain boundaries. These findings establish a paradigm for optimizing strength-ductility trade-offs via current density modulation, demonstrating 300 % aging efficiency gains, with broad implications for energy-efficient aerospace alloy processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148733"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the ductility of a high-Fe die-casting aluminum alloy via TiB2-induced formation of metastable Fe-rich intermetallics","authors":"Xinyu Wang ,&nbsp;Kai Zhao ,&nbsp;Yanqiang Li ,&nbsp;Xiangting Liu ,&nbsp;Haonan Wang ,&nbsp;Xinchen Li ,&nbsp;Tao Zhang ,&nbsp;Ying Fu ,&nbsp;Zongning Chen ,&nbsp;Huijun Kang ,&nbsp;Enyu Guo ,&nbsp;Tongmin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vacuum-assisted high-pressure die casting (HPDC) is widely employed in high-end sectors such as base station equipment and new energy vehicles, owing to its exceptional forming precision and outstanding casting performance. Concurrently, with the progress of green manufacturing, recycled aluminum alloys have emerged as a vital option for meeting sustainable development needs, thanks to their high resource utilization and cost-effectiveness. However, accumulation of Ferrum (Fe) in recycled aluminum can lead to the formation of coarse and irregularly shaped Fe-rich intermetallics, leading to the impairment of the mechanical characteristics of the material. This work explores the impact of TiB₂ particles on the mechanical performance of an AlSi10Mg alloy containing up to 0.7 wt% Fe prepared by vacuum-assisted HPDC process. The study confirms that the use of TiB₂ particles improved the ductility of the castings markedly. The modified alloy achieves a tensile strength of 312 ± 10 MPa and an elongation of 9.2 ± 0.3 %. The elongation has recorded an improvement of 50.8 % with respect to the base alloy. The microstructural observation demonstrated that such an improvement can be primarily attributed to transformation of Fe-rich intermetallics from π-AlSiMgFe to β-AlSiFe type, as an unprecedent results of the TiB₂ incorporation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148727"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of cooling rate on microstructure and mechanical properties of AlMo0.5NbTa0.5TiZr refractory high-entropy alloy prepared by laser metal deposition","authors":"Yunze Li,&nbsp;Yifan Yang,&nbsp;Junhui Xie,&nbsp;Lan Chen,&nbsp;Xinzhou Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>AlMo_0.5NbTa_0.5TiZr is a novel lightweight refractory high-entropy alloy (RHEA) with a unique B2/BCC dual-phase structure. It exhibits excellent high-temperature mechanical properties while maintaining a low density, making it highly promising for aerospace applications. In this study, AlMo_0.5NbTa_0.5TiZr RHEAs are prepared by laser metal deposition (LMD). The effect of cooling rates at different temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical properties of LMD-formed AlMo_0.5NbTa_0.5TiZr after homogenization is investigated for the first time. This study highlights the formation of basket-weave structure, the competitive precipitation behavior of Al-Zr phases, and the strengthening mechanism. The LMD-formed specimens consist of columnar and cellular dendrites, which transform into equiaxed grains with a basket-weave structure after homogenization. At 1200 °C, a high density of Al₃Zr₄ point-like phases form, increasing as the cooling rate decreases. In the 1400 °C specimens, numerous blocky precipitates appear, and the size gradually increases with the decrease of the cooling rate. Additionally, the basket-weave structure is only formed in the 1400 °C furnace-cooled specimen, indicating that high cooling rate or low heat treatment temperature will inhibit the formation of the basket-weave structure. The 1400 °C air-cooled specimen exhibits a higher microhardness of 668 HV and compressive strength of 2314.7 MPa due to grain refinement and the precipitation of the hard Al₄Zr₅ strengthening phase. The specimen treated at 1200 °C exhibits a significant decrease in microhardness and compressive strength, due to the disappearance of the B2 phase caused by the precipitation of point-like Al₃Zr₄ phases. This study provides a foundation for optimizing the microstructure regulation of AlMo_0.5NbTa_0.5TiZr RHEAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148734"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144513938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dislocation cell-mediated nanosized carbide precipitation enables ultrastrong AISI D2 tool steel fabricated via laser-powder bed fusion","authors":"Heechan Jung ,&nbsp;Haeum Park ,&nbsp;Seungjin Nam ,&nbsp;Chahee Jung ,&nbsp;Hahun Lee ,&nbsp;Sang Guk Jeong ,&nbsp;Ji-Su Lee ,&nbsp;Jeong Min Park ,&nbsp;Alireza Zargaran ,&nbsp;Byeong-Joo Lee ,&nbsp;Hyoung Seop Kim ,&nbsp;Seok Su Sohn","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>AISI D2 tool steels possess considerable advantages in various industrial applications, but its fabrication through laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is still challenging due to the high thermal stress and high carbon content, resulting in severe crack formations. In this study, we adopted both pre-heating and hatch spacing adjustment to overcome the crack phenomenon, and microstructures and mechanical properties were investigated for successfully fabricated specimens according to the post heat treatment. The most characteristic microstructural feature of the L-PBF D2 tool steel in its as-built sample was film-like M₇C₃ carbides decorated with dislocation cells. After the heat treatment, the morphologies of film-type carbides in the as-built sample transformed to nanosized particulates in the martensitic matrix, and the crystal structure also changed from M₇C₃ to M₂₃C₆. The L-PBF D2 tool steel showed exceptionally superior strength in both the as-built (1199 MPa) and heat-treated samples (2110 MPa) without severe sacrifice of ductility. The pre-existing carbide network structure located on the dislocation cells in the as-built sample enabled a fine distribution of nanosized carbides after heat treatment, which contributed to the significantly high strength of the present alloy. These findings imply that the dislocation cell structure-mediated precipitation successfully strengthened the L-PBF D2 tool steel, suggesting novel strategies for microstructural design of high-strength alloys utilizing L-PBF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148735"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The preparation of ZK61/7075 laminated composite by introducing pure Cu transition layer: Effect of extrusion temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties","authors":"Shengli Tao ,&nbsp;Xiang Chen ,&nbsp;Junlei Zhang ,&nbsp;Zulai Li ,&nbsp;Guangsheng Huang ,&nbsp;Weizhang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study successfully prepared 7075/ZK61 laminates containing pure Cu transition layers using extrusion technology, overcoming the non-formability issue of direct 7075/ZK61 stacked extrusion. The influence of extrusion temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of laminates was systematically studied. The results indicated that the extrusion temperature had no significant effect on the grain size of 7075, which was mainly composed of deformed grains. Simultaneously, many precipitates were formed in the matrix, and their quantity increased with rising extrusion temperature. In contrast, the ZK61 layer displayed recrystallized grains whose size increased with extrusion temperature. Furthermore, the angle between the grain c-axis of the ZK61 and the extrusion direction increased with rising extrusion temperature, while dislocation density in both layers decreased. Mechanical results showed that the strength of laminates increased with rising extrusion temperature. Specifically, at an extrusion temperature of 450 °C, the laminate exhibited the highest yield strength (YS) of 203 MPa and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 378 MPa. However, the ductility of the laminate was inversely proportional to the extrusion temperature, with the maximum elongation (EL) of 19.3 % at 330 °C. The enhanced of YS was attributed to a lower Schmid factor for basal slip in the ZK61 and an increased number of precipitates in the 7075. The decrease in plasticity was related to the grain coarsening in the ZK61 layer, the reduced SF and geometric compatibility factor for basal slip due to texture, and the increased quantity of precipitate phases in the 7075 layer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148722"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering the effect of retained austenite stability on the dynamic mechanical properties of TRIP-aided steel","authors":"Bai Xiao ,&nbsp;Jieru Yu ,&nbsp;Yishuang Yu ,&nbsp;Bin Hu ,&nbsp;R.D.K. Misra ,&nbsp;Shilong Liu ,&nbsp;Wenqing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>TRIP-aided steel has received significant attention because of its ability to appreciably enhance the ductility and toughness by utilizing the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect of retained austenite (RA). However, the dynamic mechanical properties, similar to the condition of crash situation, which is related to RA stability, are overlooked. In this study, three types of TRIP-aided steels with different RA stability were prepared by controlling the isothermal tempering time while maintaining a consistent matrix. Dynamic compression was conducted at different strain rates to elucidate the influence of RA stability on the dynamic mechanical properties. The results indicate that at high strain rates, adiabatic temperature increase enhances the stability of austenite. The effect of adiabatic temperature increase on RA with different stability is consistent at different strain rates, and the initial stability of RA determines the dynamic mechanical properties. Compared with the steel with initially high stable RA, the steel with unstable RA can absorb more plastic work/deformation energy through more active TRIP effect, hinders the formation of adiabatic shear bands (ASB), and significantly improves the dynamic mechanical properties. The higher strain rate induces a more significant improvement in dynamic mechanical performance brought by unstable RA. This provides a new perspective on the microstructure design of TRIP-aided steel that needs to consider deformation behavior under high strain rates, such as high velocity impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148729"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of partial surface strengthening on the strength and plasticity of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy","authors":"Enjin Wang ,&nbsp;Fenfen Zhou ,&nbsp;Lei Zhou ,&nbsp;Zihao Jiang ,&nbsp;Pingwei Xu ,&nbsp;Yingfei Guo ,&nbsp;Jie Luo ,&nbsp;Lin Tang ,&nbsp;Yi Chen ,&nbsp;Xiang Li ,&nbsp;Yu Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study implemented ultrasonic surface rolling processing (USRP) and partial ultrasonic surface rolling processing (PUSRP) on TC4 titanium alloy to construct a bidirectional heterostructure (BH) through controlled rolling-zone width modulation. The BH comprises: (Ⅰ) axial grain gradient heterostructure spanning surface to subsurface layers, and (Ⅱ) radial structural heterostructure between rolled and unrolled zones. Notably, USRP-treated samples exhibited premature fracture due to diminished dislocation accommodation capacity in fully deformed regions. In contrast, PUSRP specimens demonstrated significant tensile property enhancements over both matrix and USRP specimens. Crucially, geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) at heterogeneous boundaries generated substantial back stress during loading, inducing hetero-deformation induced (HDI) stress strengthening. The stacking behavior of GNDs in both directions was analyzed by microhardness, EBSD and dual-beam diffraction, confirming the multiaxial stress states were activated in both radial (rolled zone) and axial (unrolled zone) directions, promoting additional ⟨<em>c</em> + <em>a</em>⟩ slip system activation in unrolled regions that synergistically enhanced HDI strengthening and ductility-stability coordination. However, excessive unrolled zone width (∼6 mm) restricted HDI strengthening propagation, yielding mechanical properties comparable to untreated matrix. This phenomenon of bidirectional heterostructure strengthening provides a new perspective for the preparation of titanium alloy components with excellent mechanical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148720"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of bainite microstructure control on the deformation behavior of ferrite/bainite dual-phase steel","authors":"Yongling Shao,&nbsp;Xiaoguang Zhou,&nbsp;Yuqi Mao,&nbsp;Qiming Jiang,&nbsp;Zhenyu Liu,&nbsp;Guangming Cao,&nbsp;Siwei Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Affected by the modes of bainite transformation, its microstructure, mechanical properties and its coordinated deformability with ferrite are changed. So that the deformation behavior and the mechanism of ferrite/bainite dual-phase steels are different at different deformation stages. In this study, SEM, EBSD and EMPA are used to investigate the effect of different intragranular and grain boundary bainite microstructures on the deformation behavior of ferrite/bainite dual-phase steels. The results show that: bainite transformation mode determines the morphology of carbide in the bainite, which in turn affects the bainite hardness. The bainite with high hardness can hinder the expansion and merging of microcracks, delay the occurrence of plastic instability in experimental steels, and improve the deformation property of the experimental steel at the later stage of tensile deformation. The bainite with low hardness has good coordination of deformation with the ferrite matrix, and the low-angle grain boundaries are conducive to the diffusion of stress to ferrite, which improves the deformation property of the experimental steel at the initial stage of tensile deformation. The bainite microstructure obtained through microstructure control has the advantages of the above two types of bainite and shows good deformation properties throughout the deformation process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"943 ","pages":"Article 148724"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature-dependence of phase-selective recrystallization in eutectic high-entropy alloy and its mechanical effects","authors":"Xin Liu ,&nbsp;Dingcong Cui ,&nbsp;Zhongsheng Yang ,&nbsp;Qingfeng Wu ,&nbsp;Jun Chen ,&nbsp;Zhijun Wang ,&nbsp;Junjie Li ,&nbsp;Jincheng Wang ,&nbsp;Feng He","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phase-selective recrystallization (PSR) is an effective strategy for improving the mechanical properties of eutectic high-entropy alloys (EHEAs). Via PSR treatment, the recovered hard phase and the recrystallized soft phase work together to fully release the strain-hardening capacity of EHEAs. However, few studies have focused on optimizing the PSR structures in EHEAs. In this study, we systematically investigated the effect of annealing temperature and rolling times on the PSR of Ni₄₄Co₁₀Cr₁₂Fe₁₅Al₁₇W₂ EHEA and obtained the processing window in PSR. At a lower annealing temperature of 800 °C, the annealed sample maintained a lamellar structure with both FCC and B2 phases recovered. As the annealing temperature increased to 1000 °C, the fully recrystallized FCC phase and the recovered B2 phase, that is, the PSR structure, were obtained after the second cold rolling and subsequent annealing. At 1200 °C, both FCC and B2 phases recrystallized into equiaxed grains. The PSR sample showed a doubled ductility of 27 % and a similar yield strength of 868 MPa compared to the as-cast sample. Our strengthening and fracture mechanisms analysis showed that the high strength of PSR EHEA mainly came from the boundary-strengthening of the lamellar structure, and the reduced crack nucleation sites caused by the PSR structure ensured its excellent ductility. These findings indicated that the properties of the EHEA could be further improved using PSR treatment for a wide range of engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148725"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144513925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}