Materials Science and Engineering: A最新文献

{"title":"Effect of interfacial reaction layers on crack propagation behavior of Ti/Al layered metal composites in uniaxial tensile test from the perspective of local strain","authors":"Binkai Yang ,&nbsp;Boxin Wei ,&nbsp;Wujing Fu ,&nbsp;Peihao Ye ,&nbsp;Xin Wang ,&nbsp;Wenbin Fang ,&nbsp;Xuewen Li ,&nbsp;Rengeng Li ,&nbsp;Hao Wu ,&nbsp;Guohua Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effect of the interfacial reaction layer on the crack propagation behavior of Ti/Al layered metal composites (LMCs) under uniaxial tensile testing. Ti/Al and Ti/TiAl₃/Al LMCs were fabricated using vacuum hot-pressing. In-situ tensile tests, coupled with digital image correlation methods, were conducted to analyze crack propagation behavior from the perspective of local strain. These results show that the fracture elongation of LMCs decreases significantly with the presence of an interfacial reaction layer. Crack propagation shifts from following the layer interface to propagating perpendicularly to it. At low-tensile strain levels, microcracking occurs within the interfacial reaction layer. However, the adjacent ductile layers effectively suppress the instability of these microcracks. During tension deformation, the stress fields at the crack-tip in the neighboring interfacial reaction layers bridge together, forming stress-concentrated bands, that cause significant strain localization. More importantly, the accelerated accumulation of dislocation in the strain-localized regions depletes the work-hardening capacity, thereby promoting crack propagation along the localized path. Therefore, inhibiting the formation of the interfacial reaction layer in LMCs can enhance strain delocalization and improve fracture elongation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148669"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating experimental and computational approaches to unveil processing-microstructure-property relationships in additive friction stir deposited AA6061 alloy","authors":"Deepak Paliwal ,&nbsp;Purnima Bharti ,&nbsp;Manasij Yadava ,&nbsp;Madhavan Radhakrishnan ,&nbsp;Shashank Sharma ,&nbsp;Narendra B. Dahotre ,&nbsp;N.P. Gurao","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Controlling spatial variation in microstructure, texture, and mechanical properties in additive friction stir deposited (AFSD) age-hardenable aluminium alloys is necessary to advance the process for critical applications. The present work addresses this issue through detailed microstructural analysis, mechanical property evaluation, in-situ EBSD tensile testing, and state-of-the-art crystal plasticity simulation of a multilayer AFSD build of AA6061 alloy. A significant decrease (∼68 HV to ∼45 HV) in microhardness, yield strength (201 MPa–98 MPa), and a variation in texture were observed from top to bottom. The DSC and TEM analysis revealed that the top region comprised mainly of needle shape semi-coherent <span><math><mrow><msup><mi>β</mi><mo>″</mo></msup></mrow></math></span> precipitates while the bottom locations consisted of coarse rod shape incoherent <span><math><mrow><msup><mi>β</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mrow></math></span> precipitates. In-situ tensile test with EBSD showed that in the bottom and middle of the build, the strain was uniformly distributed within grains and grain boundaries, while it was preferentially concentrated at grain boundaries in the top region. Higher strength at the top was attributed to a significant contribution from precipitation (∼53 %), while texture and dislocation strengthening dominated (∼57 %) at the bottom of the sample. Crystal plasticity fast Fourier transform (CPFFT) based full-field simulations, using the Düsseldorf Advanced Material Simulation Kit (DAMASK), highlighted the importance of textural heterogeneity along the build direction. Micromechanical Taylor factor and T-parameters calculated from CPFFT simulation captured the in-grain heterogeneity observed experimentally. These findings highlight that in an AFSD build of age-hardenable alloys, strength is primarily controlled by the precipitates and intra- and inter-granular deformation is governed by local texture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148657"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144299040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superelasticity and elastocaloric effect of NiTiTa alloy sheet with a nanograined structure fabricated by pack rolling","authors":"J.C. Liu ,&nbsp;H.C. Zhao ,&nbsp;F. Chen ,&nbsp;F.H. Chen ,&nbsp;L. Li ,&nbsp;Y.X. Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, Ni_49.6Ti_45.4Ta₅ alloy sheets with a mixed grain structure (mostly nanocrystals) were prepared by pack rolling and post-deformation annealing. This alloy exhibits considerable superelastic property (recoverable strain, <em>ε</em>_R ≥ 5.38 %) and elastocaloric effect (adiabatic temperature change, Δ<em>T</em>_ad ≥ 11.1 K) above 363 K. Under a pre-strain of 6 %, <em>ε</em>_R and Δ<em>T</em>_ad at 363 K are 5.87 % and 11.3 K respectively, which keep almost unchangeable during cyclic tensile deformation. Large and stable superelasticity and elastocaloric effect at high temperature can be attributed to the strengthening effect of nanocrystalline structure (nano-sized single-variant martensite and finer austenite). This characteristic makes the studied Ni_49.6Ti_45.4Ta₅ alloy more suitable for high-temperature applications as compared to the conventional NiTi binary alloy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148672"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of coupled thermoelastic discrete model for thermal shock cracking in brittle materials: Parametric analysis of crack patterns and material properties","authors":"Venkatesh Ananchaperumal ,&nbsp;Srikanth Vedantam ,&nbsp;Mahendaran Uchimali","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A coupled thermo-elastic discrete model is developed to describe the thermal shock behaviour of a brittle material. This model is based on coupling thermal analysis with the recently developed constitutively informed particle dynamics (CPD) approach. The thermomechanical CPD model is able to describe the initiation and propagation of cracks in quenched ceramic specimens. The model is shown to faithfully reproduce the crack patterns in good accord with experimental results from literature. The resulting crack patterns show a periodical and hierarchical characteristics which is a characteristic feature of the thermal shock cracks in brittle materials. The present study focuses on the analysis of the thermal crack, considering the role of relevant thermal and elastic material parameters such as the quench temperature, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, density, thermal expansion co-efficient, Young’s Modulus and critical failure energy. A non-dimensional analysis is performed to understand the dependence of crack pattern on these material parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148600"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure, mechanical properties, and oxidation behaviour of refractory NbTiZrM (M = Ta, Mo, V) complex concentrated alloys","authors":"E. Mishunina ,&nbsp;M. Zhilina ,&nbsp;D. Kapustin ,&nbsp;D. Klimenko ,&nbsp;O. Klimova-Korsmik ,&nbsp;L. Sun ,&nbsp;G. Salishchev ,&nbsp;S. Zherebtsov ,&nbsp;N. Stepanov ,&nbsp;N. Yurchenko","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we systematically explored the effect of Ta, Mo, and V on the structure, mechanical properties, and oxidation behaviour of a single-phase body-centred cubic (bcc) NbTiZr alloy. Alloying with Ta or Mo in concentrations of 10, 25, or 40 at% retained the single-phase bcc structure, yet led to elemental segregations, with the formation of Ta/Mo-rich dendrites. Among the V-containing alloys, the (NbTiZr)₉₀V₁₀ and (NbTiZr)₇₅V₂₅ alloys possessed the single-phase bcc structure, while, in the (NbTiZr)₆₀V₄₀ alloy, two extra bcc phases, namely Zr- and V-rich ones, were formed. These phases adopted a “cube-on-cube” orientation relationship with the Nb-rich bcc matrix. Сompression tests showed that the additions of Ta and Mo increased the yield strength at 22–1000 °C linearly. The strengthening effect of Mo at 22–800 °C was two-to-three times higher than that of Ta, yet it became comparable at 1000 °C. Alloying with V also increased the yield strength at 22 °C linearly, while it degraded the strength at higher temperatures. Oxidation tests at 1000 °C revealed that the effect of alloying elements was dependent on the oxidation time. At a short period (1 h), the maximum content of Ta could eliminate the oxide scale spallation. For longer durations, however, all the elements added had an inferior effect accompanied by the oxide scale spallation, with the shortest time to complete disintegration demonstrated by the V-containing alloys. The correlations between the chemical composition, structure, and properties of the alloys were thoroughly examined through a comparison of experimental and computational data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148664"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxide dispersion strengthened Ni-rich high entropy alloy synthesized via mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering: Attribution of nano-Y2O3 dispersoid on mechanical properties","authors":"Manashi Sabat ,&nbsp;Sudhansu Maharana ,&nbsp;D.K.V.D. Prasad ,&nbsp;Rajdeep Sarkar ,&nbsp;Tapas Laha","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current study investigates the effect of Y₂O₃ content (0, 1, 3, and 5 vol. %) on microstructural evolution and deformation behavior of a novel Ni₄₇Al₆Co₁₈Cr₈Fe₁₂Ti₈W₁ (at. %) Ni-rich oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) high entropy alloy (HEA) synthesized via mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering. Y₂O₃ addition up to 3 vol. % resulted in significant increase in both hardness and compressive strength of the ODS HEA. Specifically, the ODS HEA containing 3 vol. % Y₂O₃ demonstrated an outstanding combination of strength and ductility, with a compressive yield strength of 1517 MPa and 27% compressive strain. However, increasing Y₂O₃ content to 5 vol. % resulted in poor densification due to agglomeration of the nanoscale oxide particles resulting in lower hardness and compressive strength in comparison to 1 and 3 vol. % Y₂O₃ containing ODS HEAs. Further, the microstructural characterization of fractured samples revealed that the deformation was primarily mediated by dislocation slip in both the pristine (0 vol. % Y₂O₃) HEA and 3 vol. % Y₂O₃ ODS HEAs, along with occurrence of dynamic recrystallization (DRX). Interestingly, in case of 3 vol. % Y₂O₃ ODS HEA, the extent of DRX was found to be higher in comparison to the pristine HEA, as confirmed from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis. TEM characterization of 3 vol. % Y₂O₃ fractured sample revealed simultaneous occurrence of continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) and discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX) during deformation process, contributing in retaining impressive ductility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148662"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impressive improvement of high-temperature creep resistance of a β-solidifying γ-TiAl alloy","authors":"Zhihang Zhang ,&nbsp;Laishan Yang ,&nbsp;Jing Tian ,&nbsp;Shulong Xiao ,&nbsp;Lijuan Xu ,&nbsp;Fang Han ,&nbsp;Yuyong Chen ,&nbsp;Zhibo Dong ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Yuanming Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>β-solidifying γ-TiAl alloys are critical materials in turbine blade production due to their superior high-temperature properties and low densities. Ti-43.5Al-4Nb-1Mo-0.1B (known as TNM) is a representative alloy whose service temperature can reach 750 °C. However, due to many impact failures, its application in low-pressure turbine (LPT) blades was discontinued after a few years of commercial flight. Unfortunately, the specific reasons for the alloy's low damage tolerance have not yet been identified. We hypothesize that insufficient creep resistance may have contributed to the reported failures of TNM LPT blades during flights. In an effort to enhance creep resistance, we modified the TNM by adding small amounts of C and Si into a new alloy called TNM+ (TNM-0.3C-0.3Si) and replaced the original HIP and two-step heat treatment to a single post-processing treatment. We show that the new approach boasts the creep life by 3–4 folds. This significant improvement is attributed to three main factors: (1) C addition suppresses the β-segregations, enlarges the colony size, and increases the stabilization of α₂ laths; (2) The precipitated silicides and α-segregations slow down the coarsening of β-segregation, hinder the dislocation migration, and increase the microstructural stability during the creep process; (3) By replacing HIP and subsequent two-step heat treatment with homogenization annealing, the formation of DP areas is retarded or avoided completely.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148667"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144255117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring multi-stage microstructural evolution and mechanical responses in advanced high-strength steels across wide quenching Temperatures: Synergistic design of martensitic/bainitic carbon partitioning","authors":"Xingli Gu ,&nbsp;Fei Li ,&nbsp;Fei Peng ,&nbsp;Jing Tian ,&nbsp;Weidong Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenggang Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically investigates the synergistic interplay between martensitic and bainitic carbon partitioning mechanisms in advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) across a broad quenching temperature (QT) range (25–400 °C). It can be found that the bainite transformation kinetics during isothermal holding are governed by QT, showing three stage-dependent acceleration linked to defect density of constituent phases. The retained austenite (RA) fractions follow QT-dependent carbon partitioning mechanisms: limited RA (≤3 vol%) arises solely from martensitic carbon partitioning at low QTs (≤100 °C), while intermediate QTs (150–200 °C) enable synergy between martensitic and bainitic carbon partitioning, with the dominant martensitic mechanism driving a rapid increase in RA content (up to ∼12 vol%). High QTs (≥225 °C) stabilize RA (∼12 vol%) via bainitic carbon partitioning constrained by the T₀-line limit. In addition, a modified constrained carbon equilibrium model was developed by integrating T₀-line or WBs theory to incorporate bainite formation, enabling high-precision prediction of austenite retention across the full QT range (25–400 °C). The mechanical responses also exhibit three-stage QT dependence, dictated by the characteristics of RA and dominant phase: ultrahigh strength with low ductility in M₁-dominated microstructures (QT ≤ 100 °C); excellent strength-ductility combination (UTS ∼1100 MPa, TEL ∼22 %) in intermediate QTs (150–200 °C) with microstructures incorporated RA (≤12.1 vol%) and minor bainite; and stabilize (UTS ∼1000 MPa, TEL ∼22 %) in bainite-dominated regimes (QT ≥ 225 °C) with stable phase fractions. This remarkable microstructural and mechanical consistency across QTs ≥275 °C provides unparalleled process flexibility for industrial AHSS production, eliminating stringent thermal control requirements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"941 ","pages":"Article 148660"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144253413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on the microstructural evolution and strengthening mechanisms of the lightweight (Ti61Al16Cr10Nb8V5)99.6Si0.4 multi-principal alloy with excellent high-temperature mechanical properties","authors":"Yang-Yu He ,&nbsp;Zhao-Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Xing-Wang Cheng ,&nbsp;Yi-Fan Liu ,&nbsp;Yi-Chen Cheng ,&nbsp;Xiao-Tong Jia ,&nbsp;Qiang Wang ,&nbsp;Jin-Zhao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduced a novel lightweight multi-principal alloy, (Ti₆₁Al₁₆Cr₁₀Nb₈V₅)_99.6Si_0.4 (Ti61Si0.4), characterized by its superior high-temperature mechanical properties. At room temperature, the rolled Ti61Si0.4 alloy features BCC/B2 matrix with equiaxed grains of 36 μm, accompanied by small amounts of spherical Ti₃Al phases (100–500 nm) and rod-like Ti₅Si₃ phases (0.2–2 μm). Performance testing showed that the Ti61Si0.4 alloy has density of 4.82 g/cm³, tensile strength of 1280 MPa, and fracture strain of 3.5 %. At 600 °C, 650 °C, and 700 °C, the alloy's quasi-static tensile strengths and fracture strains were measured at 920 MPa and 6.7 %, 750 MPa and 16.3 %, and 570 MPa and 45 %, respectively. Microstructural observations reveal a transformation from BCC/B2 to Ti₃Al phase beginning at 600 °C and a eutectoid transformation from BCC/B2 to Ti₃Al + TiCr₂ beginning at 650 °C. Precipitations enhance the alloy's strength through a dislocation bypass mechanism. Compression tests at strain rates from 0.001/s to 1/s between 600 °C and 700 °C demonstrate significant strain rate strengthening effects, with calculations confirming that changes in the alloy's dislocation deformation mechanism are the primary cause of this strengthening. The Arrhenius equation accurately describes the deformation behavior of the Ti61Si0.4 alloy within the 600–650 °C range. Compared to high-temperature titanium alloys, Ti61Si0.4 alloy offers significant advantages in high-temperature strength and specific strength, while also maintaining good room-temperature workability, indicating great potential for applications in aerospace fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148648"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144255302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direction-dependent mechanical strength of nanostructure-tuned copper","authors":"Kang-Ping Lee ,&nbsp;Hsuan-Chih Chen ,&nbsp;Dinh-Phuc Tran ,&nbsp;Bo-Yan Chen ,&nbsp;Chih Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the direction-dependent mechanical properties of different nanostructures of nanotwinned copper (NT-Cu), utilizing advanced nano-scale analysis techniques. Nanoindentation tests were performed on the top and cross-sectioned surfaces of the electroplated Cu films. The ultrafine-grained plus nanotwinned (UFG + NT) Cu exhibited the highest hardness, reaching 2.57 and 2.03 GPa from its top and cross-sectioned surfaces, respectively, more than twice that of the coarse-grained (CG) Cu. In fine-columnar-grained plus nanotwinned (FCG + NT) Cu, hardness is higher (2.51 GPa) when the indentation is perpendicular to the twin planes than parallel to the twin planes (1.93 GPa). The measured Kernel average misorientation (KAM) increased with grain sizes, with the (UFG + NT) Cu showing the highest values: 0.61 on the top surface and 0.98 on the cross-sectioned surface. This resulted in the highest geometrically necessary dislocation density (ρGND) at 2.08 × 10¹⁵ and 3.34 × 10¹⁵. We also calculated strain rate sensitivity (M) and apparent activity volume (V) for each structure. The M value was found to be more sensitive to twin boundaries, while the V value is interdependent with the twin spacing. A confined layer slip model was adopted for an accurate cross-verification of theoretical predictions alongside experimental results. This comprehensive study enhances the understanding of essential parameters that contribute to the mechanical performance of Cu foils with various microstructures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"942 ","pages":"Article 148666"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144255118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}