Materials Science and Engineering: A最新文献

{"title":"Tailoring the microstructure and tensile properties of additively manufactured IN 718 alloy via adding Y2O3","authors":"Xiaoxia Qi ,&nbsp;Fangyi Li ,&nbsp;Yanle Li ,&nbsp;Yunjian Bai ,&nbsp;Deshun Gao ,&nbsp;Jiyu Du ,&nbsp;Jiating Niu ,&nbsp;Weiguang Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The long chain-like Laves phase is an important factor leading to fracture failure of additively manufactured IN 718 alloy. To improve the strength and ductility of IN 718 alloy fabricated by laser direct energy deposition (LDED), the influences of adding Y₂O₃ on the Laves phase morphology, twins fraction, and γ″/γ′ phases distribution both in as-deposited and heat-treated IN 718 samples were systemically investigated. First, LDED-fabricated IN 718 with 0.6–2.0 wt% Y₂O₃ additions were systematically analyzed. It was found that the chain-like Laves phases were transformed into refined granular shape after adding Y₂O₃. The Laves phases fraction of Y1.2 sample (adding 1.2 wt% Y₂O₃) reduced by about 49.5 % than IN 718 sample. Second, the as-deposited samples were subjected to heat treatment. Notably, the HT-Y1.2 sample exhibited a higher twin fraction of 51.5 % along with reduced grain sizes and dispersed γ″/γ′ phases compared with the HT-IN 718 sample. The tensile results indicated that the HT-Y1.2 sample achieved a better combination of strength and ductility (UTS = 1294.66 MPa, EL = 17.5 %) owing to the refined grains, higher proportion of twins and higher content of γ″/γ′ phases with dispersed distribution. This study provides guidance for LDED-fabricated Ni-based alloys with excellent strength and ductility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149105"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sc drives the high strength of the Cu-Ti-Cr-Mg alloy through traditional thermo-mechanical treatment","authors":"Xiaoyu Guo ,&nbsp;Longjian Li ,&nbsp;Gaojie Liu ,&nbsp;Huijun Kang ,&nbsp;Donghu Zhou ,&nbsp;Zongning Chen ,&nbsp;Enyu Guo ,&nbsp;Jinchuan Jie ,&nbsp;Tongmin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The microstructure evolution and comprehensive property mechanisms of the Cu-3Ti-0.3Cr-0.15Mg-xSc (x = 0, 0.08, 0.15 wt%) alloys were systematically investigated. The addition of Sc results in a certain degree of refinement of the grains and improves the strength and plasticity of the alloy. Meanwhile, Sc induced the precipitation of nanoscale Cu₄Sc, which endowed a synergistic strengthening effect with the original β′-Cu₄Ti and Cr precipitates. In addition, the addition of Sc contributes to hinder dislocation motion and enhance the strength of the alloy. Precipitation kinetic equations were established for Cu-Ti-Cr-Mg-Sc alloys, demonstrating that Sc addition accelerated the precipitation process. The electrical conductivity, hardness, ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the 0.15Sc alloy is 14.08% IACS, 381.03 HV, 1164 MPa, and 6.5%. Sc addition improves the comprehensive properties of Cu-Ti alloys, providing novel design strategies for composition optimization of Cu-Ti alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149115"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving strength-ductility synergy of TiNbVTa refractory high-entropy alloys at room temperature by Cr microalloying","authors":"Shuyue Lv ,&nbsp;Yongle Kou ,&nbsp;Yukang Liu ,&nbsp;Yuheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Qinglin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to their excellent mechanical performance at elevated temperatures, TiNbVTa-based alloys have emerged as a focal point of research within the field of refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs). However, the intrinsic trade-off between strength and ductility in TiNbVTa alloys continues to limit their further development for ambient-temperature applications. In this study, a novel microalloying strategy is proposed by introducing chromium (Cr) to promote the formation of substitutional solid solutions, thereby enhancing the room-temperature mechanical properties of TiNbVTa-based RHEAs. To validate this approach, a series of (TiNbVTa)_100-xCr_x (x = 0, 0.35, and 0.7 at.%) RHEAs was systematically designed and synthesized. The results revealed that all the investigated alloys possessed a single body-centred cubic (BCC) phase structure. As the Cr content increased from 0 to 0.7 at.%, the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of the (TiNbVTa)_100-xCr_x alloys initially increased, followed by a subsequent decline. Notably, the (TiNbVTa)_99.65Cr_0.35 alloy exhibited exceptional room temperature mechanical performance, achieving a tensile yield strength of 903 ± 22 MPa and an elongation of 18.7 ± 2.6 %, both of which surpass previously reported values for TiNbVTa-based RHEAs. The enhancement in mechanical properties induced by Cr microalloying was ascribed to the synergistic contributions of the synergistic hindrance of dislocation motion by SROs and the lattice distortion field induced by Cr addition, impeded dislocation motion through the formation of dislocation rings, and the promotion of dislocation proliferation. Furthermore, this study introduces microalloying as an effective strategy for concurrently improving both the strength and ductility of RHEAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149111"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145060910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of niobium content on microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI 304N austenitic stainless steel","authors":"Fan Wang ,&nbsp;Guizhi Xiao ,&nbsp;Jiaojiao Ma ,&nbsp;Ning Wang ,&nbsp;Bo Song ,&nbsp;Ye Qiang ,&nbsp;Dongsheng Huang ,&nbsp;Dening Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of niobium incorporation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels have been systematically investigated. Microstructural characterization demonstrates that the precipitated phase in 304N austenitic stainless steel is dominated by Cr₂N, while the addition of niobium effectively refines the austenitic grain size, and the uniformly distributed niobium-nitrogen precipitates are an important component of the dislocation pinning effect. Consequently, the niobium microalloyed austenitic stainless steel possesses high yield and tensile strengths, which are significantly better than those of the matrix steel in the experimental results, whereas the elongation to fracture is reduced. Besides, the influence of niobium on the strengthening mechanism of austenitic stainless steels is also discussed from four aspects, i.e., grain strengthening, dislocation strengthening, solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149103"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural characteristics and properties of dual-heterogeneous layered Cu/Cu-Ag-HEA composites","authors":"Daoqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Lin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yupeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao Guo ,&nbsp;Jingwen Du ,&nbsp;Engang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving concurrent enhancement of strength and electrical conductivity in copper-based composites remains a longstanding challenge due to their intrinsic trade-off. In this study, dual-heterogeneous layered Cu/Cu–6 %Ag–HEA composites were fabricated by accumulative roll bonding (ARB), incorporating 1 wt % and 3 w % high-entropy alloy (HEA) powders. The Cu/Cu–6 %Ag–3 %HEA composite exhibited an optimal property balance, achieving a tensile strength of 558 MPa, uniform elongation of 16 %, and electrical conductivity of 81 % IACS. Detailed microstructural characterization revealed that the superior performance arises from the synergistic effects of alternating heterogeneous layers, uniformly dispersed HEA and Ag nanoparticles, continuous electron transport networks, and reduced electron-scattering interfaces. This layered architecture effectively alleviates the conventional strength–conductivity dilemma in copper alloys. The present work not only demonstrates a simultaneous improvement in strength–ductility and strength–conductivity combinations but also establishes a new design strategy for advanced Cu-based layered composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149108"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial segregation of Fe and Si on TiB2 surface and refinement of Fe-bearing intermetallic compounds and primary Si Part II Refinement of primary Fe-intermetallic compounds and primary Si through manipulating nucleation potency of TiB2 particles","authors":"Zhongping Que ,&nbsp;Yun Wang ,&nbsp;Zhongyun Fan ,&nbsp;Xiaorong Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Part I of this study, the interfacial segregation of Fe and Si at the Al/TiB₂ interface in an Al-3.7Ti-1.5B-1.0Fe-1.0Si master alloy was reported, with the structure and chemistry of the interfacial layers investigated using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). In Part II, the TiB₂ particles, in which Fe and Si segregation had been established, were introduced into Al-Fe-Si and Al-Si alloys, respectively. The objective was to enhance heterogeneous nucleation of primary Fe-containing intermetallic compounds (Fe-IMCs) and primary Si particles in these alloys. Experimental results demonstrate that the primary β-Al_4.5FeSi IMCs and primary Si particles were significantly refined by the inoculation of TiB₂ particles exhibiting Fe and Si segregation on their surfaces. This refinement is attributed to the high nucleation potency of the segregated TiB₂, which provides both compositional and structural templating. Well-defined orientation relationships at the Fe-IMC/(Fe, Si)TiB₂ and Si/(Fe, Si)TiB₂ interfaces were observed, offering solid evidence that both primary phases nucleate heterogeneously on the surface of segregated TiB₂ particles. These findings further validate the proposed mechanism, that both structural and compositional templating are necessary to enhance the nucleation of primary phases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149109"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tensile creep deformation behavior of Mo-14 %Re alloy at elevated temperature","authors":"Shuai Ma ,&nbsp;Di Dong ,&nbsp;Ye Gao ,&nbsp;Mengyao Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhuangzhi Wu ,&nbsp;Dezhi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The creep properties of Molybdenum-14 %Rhenium alloy (MR14) were systematically investigated under temperatures ranging from 900 to 1200 °C and applied stresses of 100–150 MPa. Experimental results indicate that steady-state creep rate of MR14 alloy is as low as 7.5 × 10⁻⁷ at 1100 °C and 150 MPa. Compared with other high-temperature alloys under the same or similar temperature and stress conditions, this alloy demonstrates superior creep resistance. At 1100 °C, the corresponding stress exponent is 3.7, suggesting that the dominant creep mechanism is dislocation creep. At 150 MPa, the creep activation energy is 115.8 kJ/mol, which is lower than that of pure molybdenum for dislocation creep (approximately 240 kJ/mol). This characteristic can primarily be attributed to the rhenium effect, dislocation pipe diffusion, and the effective transmission of dislocations facilitated by abundant substructures. The fine grains formed through recrystallization exhibit heterogeneous distribution, effectively suppressing creep deformation and grain boundary sliding. Creep failure mainly originates from the nucleation, growth, and coalescence of creep voids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149114"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145060912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel cast & wrought hybrid manufacturing of FGH4096 superalloy: Achieving high performance with reduced production cost","authors":"Kai Chang ,&nbsp;Yi Tan ,&nbsp;Chenxi Ma ,&nbsp;Rusheng Bai ,&nbsp;Pengting Li ,&nbsp;Gengyi Dong ,&nbsp;Chi Zhang ,&nbsp;Yinong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite their superior high-temperature capabilities, powder metallurgy (PM) superalloys face critical limitations in industrial scalability due to intricate processing routes, prohibitive costs, and inherent susceptibility to contamination by inclusions. To overcome these challenges, this study pioneers a hybrid manufacturing strategy integrating electron beam directional solidification (EBDS) with isothermal forging to fabricate cast-forged FGH4096 superalloy, achieving unprecedented cost-effectiveness, process efficiency, and mechanical performance. The EBDS technique produces ⟨001⟩-textured columnar grains (0.5–1 mm width), while subsequent isothermal forging and heat treatment induce more than 82 % dynamic recrystallization, eliminating casting defects and refining γ′ precipitates to a bimodal distribution (40–65 nm secondary γ′). Compared to conventional PM counterparts, the developed alloy exhibits a 10 % higher yield strength (1038 MPa at 750 °C), attributed to its hierarchical microstructural features, including high-density nanoscale twins (2.2 nm spacing) and stacking fault (SF) networks. These findings provide a better understanding of the complex interactions between γ′ phase, microtwins (MTs), SF and high-temperature properties, offering insights into improving the short-process, low-cost preparation of cast &amp; wrought FGH4096 alloy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149107"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced strength-ductility synergy and isotropy in TiB2/Al composites through powder engineering","authors":"Dongdong Li ,&nbsp;Qing Zhang ,&nbsp;Kewei Gao ,&nbsp;Jun Liu ,&nbsp;Zhe Chen ,&nbsp;Haowei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A high-performance TiB₂/7050 aluminum matrix composite was successfully fabricated via an in-situ reaction integrated with a comprehensive powder-engineering route comprising gas atomization, hot isostatic pressing, extrusion, and heat treatment. The composite exhibits an exceptional combination of mechanical properties: a yield strength of 640 MPa, tensile strength of 692 MPa, and elongation of 11.0 %, along with minimal mechanical anisotropy. This superior performance is attributed to the formation of a highly uniform microstructure enabled by rapid solidification and deformation-induced particle redistribution. In-situ synthesized TiB₂ particles were well-dispersed and refined the grain structure through heterogeneous nucleation, particle-stimulated nucleation and Zener pinning. The final microstructure consists of fine equiaxed grains (∼1.6 μm) with weak crystallographic texture. Precipitation hardening and Hall–Petch strengthening contribute to the high strength, while the well-dispersed particles, homogeneous grain structures, and robust particle/matrix interfacial bonding promote ductility and a near-isotropic mechanical response. These results underscore the effectiveness of powder-engineering strategies for producing advanced aluminum matrix composites with superior strength–ductility synergy and near-isotropic performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149102"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of superplastic forming and post heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of heat-treatable aluminium alloy: A case study on 2A97 Al-Cu-Li alloy","authors":"Guotong Zou ,&nbsp;Ruiqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Genzhi Jiang ,&nbsp;Jun Li ,&nbsp;Yong Zhang ,&nbsp;Lingying Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Superplastic forming (SPF) typically requires high temperatures and long processing durations, leading to inevitable property degradation. Controlling the microstructure and mechanical properties of thin-walled components fabricated by SPF remains challenging. In this study, to explore effective strategies for improving the properties of SPFed components manufactured from heat-treatable Al alloys, the microstructure evolution and mechanical performance of a 2A97 Al-Cu-Li alloy during superplastic gas bulging and various post heat treatments were investigated systematically. Results show that the microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-formed alloy strongly depend on superplastic strains. Dynamic recrystallization during SPF leads to sub-grain growth, while increasing superplastic strain causes phase coarsening and increased void fraction. These changes progressively reduce the strength of as-formed components, with the elongation experiences first increase and then decrease after the strain of 100 %. Heat treatment helps healing of SPF-induced voids while dissolving coarse phases, furthermore, forming a high density of nanoscale precipitates (mainly T₁). Following a standard heat treatment sequence (solution treatment, water quenching, and aging), the yield strength of SPFed component increases by up to 90 %, and ultimate tensile strength increases by 50 %. Lower cooling rates after solution treatment reduce the strengthening effect but enhance ductility by decreasing T₁ phase density. For SPFed components with larger strains, controlling the cooling rate to blow 4 °C/s enables a concurrent enhancement of strength and ductility. A continuous cooling transformation diagram was established through thermodynamic and kinetic modelling to relate precipitation behaviour and cooling rates, providing a practical guide for optimizing post-SPF heat treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149070"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}