Materials Science and Engineering: A最新文献

{"title":"Low critical stress induced large elastocaloric effect in Fe-doped Ni-Mn-Ti alloys with enhanced mechanical properties","authors":"Bo Li,&nbsp;Dou Li,&nbsp;Zhenyu Feng,&nbsp;Jiaxi zhu,&nbsp;Hong Zhong,&nbsp;Shuangming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The elastocaloric effect in shape memory alloys is primarily attributed to the release of latent heat accompanied by stress-induced martensite transformation, which endows them with significant potential in solid-state cooling technology. However, the progress in developing Ni-Mn-Ti-based elastocaloric alloys for durability and miniaturization applications is severely hindered by their poor mechanical properties and the high critical stress during martensite transformation. In this study, Fe alloying was employed to solve these two problems, and Ni_{50-<em>x</em>}Mn₃₃Ti₁₇Fe_<em>x</em> (<em>x</em> = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) alloys with &lt;001&gt; austenite orientation were successfully produced using directional solidification technology. The addition of Fe introduces a Fe-rich phase with high hardness and elastic modulus, thereby improving mechanical properties. Simultaneously, Fe alloying raises the phase transformation temperature and promotes the formation of numerous martensite domains, which serve as growth nuclei for further martensite development. This effectively reduces the critical driving stress required for stress-induced martensite phase transformation. Among these directionally solidified alloys, we found that the Ni₄₆Mn₃₃Ti₁₇Fe₄ alloy exhibits superior comprehensive performance with a <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mrow><msub><mrow><mo>Δ</mo><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>a</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo>/</mo><msub><mi>σ</mi><mrow><mi>c</mi><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub></mrow><mo>|</mo></mrow></math></span> value of 0.33 K MPa⁻¹, which indicates that significant cooling effects can be achieved under low stresses. Meanwhile, the Ni₄₆Mn₃₃Ti₁₇Fe₄ alloy shows excellent mechanical properties including a compressive strength of up to 2250 MPa and a compressive strain of 78 %, enduring 1882 cycles with remarkably functional stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"943 ","pages":"Article 148778"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase microstructure engineering in laser powder bed fusion: A case study in TiTa alloys","authors":"Meng Qin ,&nbsp;Xiaodan Li ,&nbsp;Kaifeng Ji ,&nbsp;Kai Feng ,&nbsp;Zhuguo Li","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>TiTa alloys exhibit a low elastic modulus and exceptional biocompatibility, making them ideal for biomedical load-bearing applications. However, the relatively low yield strength and severe compositional segregation in TiTa alloys, caused by the large melting point difference between Ti and Ta, can initiate crack formation and mechanical failure under low-cycle fatigue conditions. The phase structure plays a vital role in determining alloy properties. To further enhance the strength of TiTa alloys, both the formation of a composite-phase structure and the high solubility of Ta in the Ti matrix are essential. In this work, dense Ti-60 (wt%) Ta specimens featuring cellular β-phase matrices and an intragranular network-like α″ phase with excellent formability were successfully fabricated using the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technique. The results reveal a homogeneous and refined microstructure, with an average grain size of ∼4.16 μm. The LPBF TiTa alloys exhibited an elastic modulus of 73.64 ± 4.8 GPa, a tensile yield strength of 1131.89 ± 27.01 MPa, and an elongation of 12.68 ± 1.17 %, outperforming other LPBF multi-element biomedical β-phase titanium alloys. The excellent mechanical properties are attributed to the refined constructure, solution strengthening, and the unique network-like composite phase. This work presents the composite-phase TiTa alloys with promising performance and elucidates the homogeneous microstructure and strengthening mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"943 ","pages":"Article 148810"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kink bands-mediated ultrahigh plasticity and sustained work hardening in a metastable β titanium alloy","authors":"Jinhong Guo ,&nbsp;Yiqiu Zhao ,&nbsp;Mingxiang Zhu ,&nbsp;Hao Yang ,&nbsp;Yuqing Song ,&nbsp;Guodong Wang ,&nbsp;Fang Hao ,&nbsp;Xianghong Liu ,&nbsp;Hongchao Kou","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically investigated the role of kink bands (KBs) in achieving an exceptional strength-plasticity synergy in β-solutionized TB18 titanium alloy, where the tensile strength ranges from 769 to 790 MPa and elongation from 30 % to 42 %. The results show that the prolonged work hardening platform with the work hardening rate (WHR) of 590 MPa maintained over a significant strain range of 0.05–0.17, originating from the coordinated activation of {112}&lt;111&gt;_β slip system and KBs. The KBs nucleate at intersections of ω-depleted dislocation channels, effectively relaxing stress concentration via lattice rotation. As the strain increased, the {112}&lt;111&gt;_β slip system is continuously activated, promoting the generation of dislocation channels. Stress concentrations occur at the intersection of dislocation channels due to the high density of {112}&lt;111&gt;_β dislocations, and KBs when β-matrix by reorienting to facilitate coordinated deformation. The V segregation at β/ω interfaces stabilizes dislocation channels promoting KBs proliferation is also discussed. This work provides a novel pathway for designing metastable β-Ti alloys through KBs engineering, surpassing the conventional trade-off between TWIP/TRIP-induced plasticity and low yield strength.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"943 ","pages":"Article 148811"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-enhanced laser cladding process for high-entropy alloy coatings with concurrent strength and ductility optimization","authors":"Hao Liu ,&nbsp;Dexi Wu ,&nbsp;Feng Ding ,&nbsp;Wenqin Wang ,&nbsp;Sining Pan ,&nbsp;Peijian Chen ,&nbsp;Haiyu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a machine learning framework integrated with laser cladding additive manufacturing to enable rapid development of high-entropy alloy (HEA) coatings with balanced strength and ductility. We demonstrate a closed-loop manufacturing methodology combining composition-driven predictive modeling with process-aware experimental validation. Six machine learning models (RF, ANN, SVM_rbf, GBM, LightGBM, XGBoost) were implemented to establish direct composition-property correlations from a curated HEA database, with LightGBM achieving superior prediction accuracy (EL: R² = 0.938, RMSE = 4.76 %) and GBM excelling in strength modeling (YS: R² = 0.858, RMSE = 184.82 MPa). SHAP analysis quantitatively identified Al and Nb as dominant elements governing ductility-strength trade-offs. A multi-objective genetic algorithm then generated Pareto-optimal compositions, which were manufactured through laser cladding – a high-precision additive technique. Experimental characterization revealed that process-induced microstructural evolution (grain coarsening, residual stress distribution) mediates the translation of computational predictions to actual mechanical performance. The hybrid approach demonstrates significant reductions in development cycles and costs compared to conventional trial-and-error methods, validated through Vickers hardness testing and tensile characterization. This work establishes a replicable paradigm for AI-enhanced smart manufacturing systems, where computational alloy design and laser-based processing are co-optimized to achieve target component specifications while maintaining production efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"943 ","pages":"Article 148788"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryorolling-induced uniform dislocation distribution and solute regulation enhance strength-plasticity of crossover Al-5.3Mg-4.6Zn-0.5Cu Alloy","authors":"Zhen Zhang ,&nbsp;Gaolei Xu ,&nbsp;Di Zhang ,&nbsp;Liang Zhu ,&nbsp;Hongbin Wang ,&nbsp;Jishan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The longstanding dilemma in developing next-generation ultra-high-strength aluminum alloys lies in achieving an optimal strength-plasticity synergy. This investigation presents a breakthrough using an Al-5.3Mg-4.6Zn-0.5Cu alloy subjected to cryorolling-augmented thermomechanical processing. The cryogenic deformation mechanism induces two critical microstructural modifications: (1) Uniform dislocation networks effectively weaken the &lt;111&gt;∥RD rolling texture intensity, stabilizing work hardening rates during late-stage plastic deformation and thereby enhancing ductility; (2) Enhanced diffusion kinetics facilitate homogeneous precipitate distribution with increased volume fraction during subsequent aging, while optimized solute partitioning directs matrix precipitation evolution from cluster-dominated structures to T''→T′ phase transformations, significantly boosting precipitation strengthening. Through optimized solution treatment followed by 50 % cryorolling and peak aging, we successfully achieved a sheet alloy exhibiting exceptional mechanical properties: 720 MPa ultimate tensile strength with maintained elongation exceeding 10 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"943 ","pages":"Article 148769"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of cooling rate on the evolution of γˈ precipitates in a low-density CoNi-base γ/γ′ superalloy","authors":"Nithin Baler ,&nbsp;Dhanalakshmi Palanisamy ,&nbsp;Prafull Pandey ,&nbsp;Surendra Kumar Makineni ,&nbsp;Sundararaman Mahadevan ,&nbsp;Gandham Phanikumar","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148794","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148794","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mechanical properties of γ/γʹ superalloys are governed by the size, shape, and distribution of the γʹ precipitates within the γ matrix. This work explores the feasibility of microstructure tuning by varying cooling rates in a low mass density γ/γ′ Co-30Ni-10Al-2Nb-4Ti-12Cr (at %) superalloy. We observe a strong cooling rate dependence on the morphology, composition, shape, and size distribution of γ′ precipitates. Cooling rates ≥6.25 K/s from super-solvus temperature (1413 K) of the alloy show unimodal size distribution of γˈ precipitates with a high number density. Whereas a slower rate of cooling (≤6.25 K/s) results in the formation of the bimodal size distribution of γˈ precipitates. For all the cooling rates explored (100, 28, 6.25, 1.625, 0.43, and 0.108 K/s), secondary γˈ precipitates exhibit nearly cuboidal morphology, and power law describes the evolution of their size with different cooling rates. Atomic-scale compositional analysis by an atom probe reveals the composition of secondary γˈ precipitates is dependent on the cooling rates. In addition, we found finer tertiary γˈ precipitates near the secondary γˈ precipitates and matrix interface, while relatively larger tertiary γˈ precipitates away from the secondary γˈ precipitates for the slow cooling rates (1.625 K/s, and 0.108 K/s). This was attributed to the concentration gradient that develops in the γ matrix region in between the secondary γʹ precipitates during continuous cooling. In the light of classical nucleation theory, the results indicate a multi-stage formation of γˈ precipitates whose morphology, size distribution, and composition are found to be dependent on the cooling rates. Hence, these experiments shows the possibility of tuning the microstructure of Co-based superalloys that is critical in governing their mechanical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"943 ","pages":"Article 148794"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Ni addition on strain-induced martensite in austempered ductile iron","authors":"Xin Wang ,&nbsp;Yuzhou Du ,&nbsp;Ziyu Wang ,&nbsp;Haohao Li ,&nbsp;Yanyin Zheng ,&nbsp;Pengchun Li ,&nbsp;Tianjian Mi ,&nbsp;Bailing Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically investigates the effects of nickel (Ni) additions on strain-induced martensitic transformation in austempered ductile iron (ADI). The matrix of ADI containing no more than 4 wt% Ni was composed of acicular ferrite and austenite. Increasing Ni content elevated the austenite volume fraction but reduced its carbon concentration. Furthermore, Ni additions suppressed the nucleation rate of the <em>α</em>-phase, resulting in an increase in both the quantity and size of blocky austenite as Ni content was increased. Strain-induced martensite was observed within the blocky austenite for ADI containing 2 wt% and 4 wt% Ni. Notably, approximately 40 % of the austenite in the ADI containing 4 wt% Ni transformed into martensite following the tensile test. This substantial phase transformation effectively mitigated stress concentrations and significantly enhanced the work-hardening capacity. Moreover, concurrent deformation twinning was observed within the blocky austenite. Consequently, an exceptional strength-ductility balance with an ultimate tensile strength of ∼1100 MPa and a total elongation of ∼10 % was achieved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"943 ","pages":"Article 148786"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced structural refinement and strengthening by intermediate annealing process in a nanostructured Al-4%Cu alloy","authors":"Qi Liu ,&nbsp;Yijia Huang ,&nbsp;Linfei Shuai ,&nbsp;Tianlin Huang ,&nbsp;Ling Zhang ,&nbsp;Guilin Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaoxu Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cold rolling is widely used to refine the microstructure and enhance the strength of metals and alloys; however, its efficiency gradually decreases with increasing strain. This study presents a strategy to improve structural refinement and yield strength in a nanostructured Al-4%Cu alloy by incorporating element segregation and nano-sized particles to stabilize lamellar grain boundaries through an intermediate annealing process during the conventional high-strain cold rolling. An average lamellar boundary spacing of 51 nm and a yield strength of 497 MPa have been achieved at a von Mises strain of 4.9. Compared to the sample cold-rolled to the same strain without intermediate annealing, the lamellar boundary spacing was reduced by 38%, and the yield strength increased by 20%. Analysis of strengthening mechanisms indicates that the additional strengthening contribution comes from the finer lamellar spacing and increased dislocation density. This work suggests an efficient and convenient design pathway toward high-strength nanostructured Al alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"943 ","pages":"Article 148790"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual nanoparticles in a wrought Al-4.5 wt% Cu alloy to promote strength-ductility synergy","authors":"Yunfeng Hu ,&nbsp;Mojia Li ,&nbsp;Jiaheng Li ,&nbsp;Ran Ni ,&nbsp;Yahui Wu ,&nbsp;Botao Yan ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Yingbo Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongdi Yin ,&nbsp;Ying Zeng ,&nbsp;Hui Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148775","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148775","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes an innovative thermomechanical composite process combining semi-solid isothermal treatment (SSIT), double extrusion, and aging to achieve superior strength-ductility synergy in Al-4.5 wt% Cu alloy. The SSIT process effectively refines primary coarse Al₂Cu phases into nanoscale eutectic structures with an interlamellar spacing of ∼58 nm. Subsequent double extrusion fragments and disperses these structures into nanoparticles. Coupled with the dynamic formation of <span><math><mrow><msup><mi>θ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo>/</mo><msup><mi>θ</mi><mo>″</mo></msup></mrow></math></span> nanoprecipitates during aging, the alloy develops a dual nanoparticle strengthening system embedded within a bimodal grain architecture featuring alternating coarse/fine-grained zones. The processed alloy demonstrates remarkable mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 472 MPa, yield strength of 348 MPa, and elongation of 16.1 %. This work demonstrates that coupling dual nanoparticles with bimodal grain structures enables dual-phase dislocation pinning while alleviating local stress concentrations, providing a scalable strategy for engineering high-performance aluminum alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"943 ","pages":"Article 148775"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent enhancement of magnetostriction-damping properties and mechanical performance in Fe83Ga17 alloy via nano-size heterogeneities precipitation","authors":"Shaowen Yan ,&nbsp;Xing Mu ,&nbsp;Jian Luo ,&nbsp;Qianqian Wang ,&nbsp;Huan Wang ,&nbsp;Hongping Zhang ,&nbsp;Yiping Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large magnetostriction strain, high damping, and high mechanical strength are highly desirable for active-passive integrated vibration attenuation applications. Magneto-mechanical damping positively correlates with saturation magnetostriction strain, but it often lowers mechanical strength, and thus negatively impacts their concurrent enhancement. We have embedded nano-size heterogeneous phases into &lt;100&gt;-oriented Fe₈₃Ga₁₇ alloy, using solution plus aging treatment. This has resulted in a significantly improved combination of excellent magnetostriction, damping, and mechanical comprehensive properties. Specifically, the saturation magnetostriction coefficient, amplitude dependent damping peak and the product of ultimate tensile strength and elongation reached (268 ± 7) ppm, 0.068 ± 0.004, and (1.386 ± 0.004) GPa·%, respectively. These properties are significantly improved by approximately 35 %, 70 %, and 99 %, when compared to the corresponding solution-treated alloy, and they are closely related to the beneficial properties of nano-size D0₃ and modified-D0₃ phases alloys, obtained by aging treatments. The tetragonal modified-D0₃ phase induces local tetragonal distortion in the matrix, leading to large magnetostriction and magneto-mechanical damping at low fields, respectively. It is believed that the nano-size precipitates inside the matrix result in precipitation strengthening and grain boundary strengthening are responsible for increased strength and ductility. The results of our study provide a viable path for the design and production of magnetostriction-damping alloys with significantly improved comprehensive properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"943 ","pages":"Article 148791"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}