Materials Science and Engineering: A最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced strength-ductility synergy in a V0.5Nb0.75Zr1.0Ti0.75 refractory high-entropy alloys by engineering heterogeneous microstructure","authors":"Yiwen Chen ,&nbsp;Chao Wu ,&nbsp;Chen Chen ,&nbsp;Jian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The strength–ductility tradeoff remains a critical bottleneck limiting the practical applications of refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs). To address this issue, a novel V_0.5Nb_0.75Zr_1.0Ti_0.75 alloy with a bimodal grain structure was successfully fabricated through severe cold rolling (90 % reduction) followed by short-term annealing. The resultant microstructure comprised heterogeneous coarse grains (35 ± 8 μm) and nanoscale grains (197 ± 10 nm), both exhibiting identical BCC structure and uniform chemical compositions. The designed alloy exhibited exceptional strength–ductility synergy, including a tensile yield stress of 1060 ± 23 MPa and a fracture elongation of 23 ± 5 %, substantially exceeding previously reported results for most RHEAs. Detailed microstructural analysis revealed that the excellent ductility predominantly originated from the activation and accommodation of multiple dislocation slip systems within the coarse grains during initial deformation, while the high density of grain boundaries in the nanoscale grains effectively redistributed localized strain at large strains. Furthermore, pronounced solid-solution strengthening combined with grain-boundary strengthening effects primarily contributed by the nanoscale grains accounted for the superior strength. This work highlights the efficacy of heterogeneous microstructural engineering as a promising strategy to achieve a superior strength-ductility synergy in RHEAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149154"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mo-driven strengthening mechanisms in cobalt-free Cr20-xFe30Mn20Ni30Mox high-entropy alloys","authors":"Yulin Li ,&nbsp;Eryang Lu ,&nbsp;Łukasz Kurpaska ,&nbsp;Feng Fang ,&nbsp;Tomasz Stasiak ,&nbsp;Hyoung Seop Kim ,&nbsp;William J. Weber ,&nbsp;Yanwen Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenyi Huo","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-entropy alloys (HEAs) with face-centered cubic structures are renowned for their exceptional ductility but suffer from low strength, limiting their suitability for advanced applications such as Gen-IV nuclear reactors. The use of cobalt, a common FCC stabilizer, raises concerns due to its high neutron absorption and induced-radioactivity in such environments. To address these challenges, we developed Co-free Cr_{20-<em>x</em>}Fe₃₀Mn₂₀Ni₃₀Mo_<em>x</em> (<em>x</em> = 0.6, 1.2, 2.4, molar ratio) HEAs and systematically investigated the role of Mo addition in enhancing their microstructural stability and mechanical performance. Cold-rolled alloys were annealed at 550–950 °C for 0.5h and characterized using X-ray diffraction, electron backscatter diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, tensile testing, and nanoindentation. The results show that increasing Mo content delays the precipitation and dissolution of the nanoscale σ phase, enhancing thermal stability by suppressing grain growth and recrystallization. Above 750 °C, higher Mo content significantly boosts strength and hardness, albeit at reduced ductility. The Mo2.4 alloy annealed at 850 °C shows the optimal strength-ductility product. In most cases, alloys with a higher Mo content tend to have a higher dislocation density and a smaller grain size. Most of the yield strength increment for HEAs is provided by dislocation strengthening and grain boundary strengthening. However, during annealing, the effect of dislocation strengthening is significantly reduced and grain boundary strengthening becomes the dominant mechanism. These findings elucidate Mo-driven strengthening mechanisms, providing critical insights for designing robust Co-free HEAs tailored for nuclear reactor applications and beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149150"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strength-ductility synergy in an additively manufactured oxide dispersion strengthened Inconel 718 superalloy at 650 °C","authors":"Shengbin Dai ,&nbsp;Jiangqi Zhu ,&nbsp;Shun Wu ,&nbsp;Martin Heilmaier ,&nbsp;Yuman Zhu ,&nbsp;Xingchen Yan ,&nbsp;Aijun Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The retention of dislocation cellular patterns (DCPs) in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) processed metals offers a novel pathway for achieving strength-ductility balance in high-temperature applications. This study innovatively combines oxide dispersion strengthening (ODS) with tailored heat treatment to stabilize DCPs in Inconel 718 (IN718) superalloys. Through strategic introduction of yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃) nanoparticles (average diameter ≈40 nm) and optimized solution treatments (1200 °C for 5min/1 h), we resolve the inherent conflict between residual stress elimination and microstructure preservation in LPBF-fabricated components. The 5-min treated ODS alloy achieves exceptional synergy at 650 °C: yield strength maintains 600 MPa while ductility increases 45 % (from 20 % to 29 %) compared to as-built specimens. Crucially, our approach demonstrates two key innovations: 1) Y₂O₃ nanoparticles effectively pin dislocations movements, preserving DCPs structure against thermal coarsening; 2) Ultra-short heat treatment duration enables complete Laves phase dissolution without compromising dislocation network integrity. Microstructural analysis confirms that the stabilized DCPs-Y₂O₃ composite architecture facilitates simultaneous stress and strain accommodation. This work establishes a new paradigm for designing high-performance LPBF alloys through coupled process-microstructure optimization, particularly for aerospace components requiring elevated temperature mechanical stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149135"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strength–conductivity synergy in Cu–Cr alloy induced by rotary swaging: Microstructure reconstruction and interface optimization","authors":"Song Liu ,&nbsp;Shaolin Li ,&nbsp;Kexing Song ,&nbsp;Xiaowen Peng ,&nbsp;Xiuhua Guo ,&nbsp;Zhenhan Zhou ,&nbsp;Shuaibin Li ,&nbsp;Fuxiao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cu<strong>–</strong>Cr alloys, owing to their excellent electrical conductivity and high strengthening potential, have broad applications in high-performance electrical engineering materials. In this study, a synergistic microstructural regulation strategy combining room-temperature rotary swaging (RS) with subsequent aging was proposed to construct a “load-bearing-conduction compatible” architecture, enabling simultaneous enhancement of strength and electrical conductivity in a Cu<strong>–</strong>Cr alloy (0.5 wt% Cr). The RS process induced pronounced axial grain elongation (aspect ratio ≈ 11) and promoted the enrichment and ordered arrangement of dislocations along microband boundaries, thereby forming a localized substructural network that integrates high-density strengthening with low-scattering conduction. Concurrently, RS accelerated Cr precipitation and facilitated a transition of precipitate-matrix interfaces from coherent to incoherent, significantly mitigating interfacial scattering. In addition, partial discontinuous dynamic recrystallization generated low-distortion grains, further optimizing electron migration pathways. As a synergistic outcome of these mechanisms, the yield strength increased from 404 MPa to 494 MPa, while the electrical conductivity improved from 71.3 % IACS to 82.2 % IACS. This dislocation-interface synergy overcomes the traditional trade-off between strength and conductivity, and, owing to the efficiency and scalability of the RS-aging process, offers a viable route for high-performance microstructural design and large-scale production of Cu-based alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149151"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The fabrication of ultrahigh strength Ti-4Cu-6Al alloy using laser additive manufacturing","authors":"Qiuju He,&nbsp;Yuxiang Ding,&nbsp;Yao Cheng,&nbsp;Yunchang Xin,&nbsp;Guohua Fan,&nbsp;Xuan Luo,&nbsp;Qing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we reported an ultrahigh strength Ti-4Cu-6Al (wt.%) alloy fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM), and the microstructure and mechanical behavior of as-SLMed and heat-treated alloys were systematically investigated. Findings indicate that the as-SLMed specimen consists of an ultrafine acicular α′ structure, averaging a spacing of ∼0.07 μm. The ultrafine acicular α′ decomposes into α and Ti₂Cu after heat treatment at 700 °C and 800 °C for 1 h. The Ti₂Cu precipitate phase became invisible, while a small number of β_t Cu-enriched structure formed when the heat treatment temperature is raised to 900 °C. The as-SLMed sample exhibits an ultra-high ultimate tensile strength of 1578 MPa, while a low elongation of 1.7 %. The heat treatment temperature at 700 °C decreases the ultimate tensile strength to 1299 MPa, while it hardly improves tensile elongation. A good balance between strength and elongation is achieved when the specimens were subjected to thermal processing at 800 °C or 900 °C for 1 h. The specimen subjected to heat treatment at 900 °C demonstrated superior mechanical performance, evidenced by a notable increase in tensile elongation from 1.7 % to 10.3 % and a slight decrease in ultimate tensile strength from 1578 MPa to 1254 MPa. At last, the reasons for the microstructure evolution during heat treatments and the strengthening mechanisms in the as-prepared samples were discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149142"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiaxial creep-fatigue behavior and damage mechanisms of 316L stainless steel at 550 °C: effects of strain ratio, non-proportionality and holding type","authors":"Fei Liang,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Haotian Fu,&nbsp;Qiaofa Yang,&nbsp;Tianhao Ma,&nbsp;Le Chang,&nbsp;Changyu Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the multiaxial creep-fatigue behavior of 316 L stainless steel at 550 °C affected by strain ratio, non-proportionality, and holding type. Experimental tests, including multiaxial low cycle fatigue (MLCF) and creep-fatigue interaction (MCFI), were conducted under a uniform von Mises equivalent strain amplitude of 0.4 %. Macro-mechanical responses and microstructural evolution were analyzed via internal stress decomposition and advanced micro-characterization techniques. In which a novel method was proposed to extract equivalent internal stresses and inelastic strain energy densities under multiaxial non-proportional fatigue conditions. Results reveal that non-proportional loading induces significant hardening, peaking at a strain ratio of <span><math><mrow><msqrt><mn>3</mn></msqrt></mrow></math></span>, which is dominated by back stress. Holding period causes lower stress amplitude and reduces fatigue life, with axial holding having a stronger life reduction than shear holding for non-proportional multiaxial fatigue. Microstructure analysis reveals that non-proportional loading promotes dislocation cross-slip, forming equiaxed dislocation cells and increasing geometrically necessary dislocation density. Moreover, creep-fatigue interaction facilitates dislocation climb and elongated dislocation cells to accommodate additional inelastic deformation. Furthermore, the extracted equivalent inelastic strain energy density and the maximum normal stress complement each other as damage parameters for fatigue life, suggesting their combined use for damage evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149118"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-entropy alloy reinforced Al-Si alloy with isotropically high strength processed by laser powder bed fusion","authors":"Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Yubo Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan Zhao ,&nbsp;Jingwei Xian ,&nbsp;Yiping Lu ,&nbsp;Tongmin Wang ,&nbsp;Tingju Li","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, isotropically high strength AlCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) reinforced Al12Si composites were successfully fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process. The results indicated that the HEA powders were dissolved within the melt pool due to the elevated temperature, thus a substantial quantity of nano size α-Al(Fe, Cr)Si phase formed both at the boundaries and in the interior of the melt pool in the as-built samples. With increasing the content of HEAs from 0 wt % to 5 wt %, the eutectic Si at the melt pool boundaries transformed from lamellar to network structure, and the formation of α-Al(Fe, Cr)Si phase filled up the gaps of Si network, leading to a continuous cell wall of entire microstructure. The formation of α-Al(Fe, Cr)Si phase satisfies the transient nucleation theory. For Al12Si-1 wt.% HEA, the formation of the α-Al(Fe, Cr)Si phases in the melt pool interior was suppressed due to the high cooling rate in the melt pool interior, which exceeded the critical nucleation cooling rate of α-Al(Fe, Cr)Si phase. The finely continuous cell structure within melt pool enables dislocations to accumulate at a large scale of whole melt pool with the addition of HEA powders, rather than small-scale and localized dislocation storage at melt pool boundary for Al12Si. Therefore, the uniform strain/stress distribution within the entire melt pool occurs with the addition of HEA particles, and the as-built Al12Si-HEA samples exhibited nearly isotropic mechanical properties with significant enhancement. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of Al12Si-3 wt.% HEA samples reached 500 MPa for both the horizontal and vertical directions, by comparison, that without HEA was 430 MPa at the horizontal and 390 MPa at the vertical, respectively. The findings of this investigation provide a novel perspective on the design of advanced aluminum matrix composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149126"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deformation behavior and recrystallization mechanism of a duplex stainless steel fabricated by laser powder bed fusion at high-temperature uniaxial tensile test","authors":"Wei Zhao ,&nbsp;Hongliang Xiang ,&nbsp;Xiangkai Zhang ,&nbsp;Xianming Zhan ,&nbsp;Fan Zhang ,&nbsp;Chaochao Wu ,&nbsp;Yuemei Lu ,&nbsp;Yanjin Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Duplex stainless steels fabricated via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology have demonstrated excellent strength and plasticity at room temperature, thus broadening their applications in complex structural components. However, their performance in extreme environments remains poorly understood. Consequently, this study systematically investigates the deformation behavior and recrystallization mechanisms of LPBF-fabricated duplex stainless steel upon high-temperature (1000 °C) uniaxial tensile testing. The results indicate that LPBF-fabricated duplex stainless steel has a yield strength of 64 ± 7 MPa and an elongation of 164 ± 12 %, which exceed those of a cast counterpart by 26 % and 100 %, respectively. This can be attributed to grain refinement and dislocation strengthening. During tensile deformation, the deformation degree increases in both ferrite and austenite. However, due to its higher stacking fault energy (SFE), ferrite undergoes more pronounced deformation whereby dislocations move through climb and cross-slip mechanisms. This leads to the formation of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs), which then migrate and gradually transform into high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs), resulting in grain refinement. Because of the lower SFE in austenite, microstructural changes remain minimal. At the large deformation stage, the microstructural evolution is primarily driven by continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX), with an accelerated migration of grain boundaries in ferrite, where numerous LAGBs transform into HAGBs. In austenite, recrystallization occurs via discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX), where nucleation forms at the ferrite-austenite boundaries and subsequently grows into a new austenite phase. This study provides critical insights for microstructural control in LPBF-fabricated specimens during high-temperature deformation, such as hot isostatic pressing and localized weld repair.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149153"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Fe content on plane-stress fracture toughness of Fex(CoCrMnNi)100-x complex concentrated alloys","authors":"Hyeji Jung ,&nbsp;Sangeun Park ,&nbsp;Jung Gi Kim ,&nbsp;Jae Bok Seol ,&nbsp;Nokeun Park ,&nbsp;Hyokyung Sung","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fe addition is considered a cost-effective strategy to replace expensive Co and Ni in CCAs while maintaining mechanical performance. In this study, the plane-stress fracture toughness of Fe_x(CoCrMnNi)_100-x (x = 20–60 at.%) alloys was investigated through J-integral tests at room (298 K) and cryogenic (123 K) temperatures. Twinning was the dominant deformation mechanism at room temperature, while both twinning and ε-martensitic transformation were active at cryogenic temperature. Crack propagation was facilitated by twin boundaries and ε-martensites aligned parallel to the crack path. In contrast, fine α′-martensites located near the crack tip effectively hindered crack growth, thereby increasing the resistance to crack extension as measured by the J-integral. Under cryogenic conditions, the high-volume fraction of α′-martensite induced significant crack tip blunting and localized compressive stress, thereby suppressing crack propagation. Contrary to conventional expectations, strain-induced α′-martensite was found to enhance the fracture resistance under plane-stress conditions via transformation-induced toughening mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149149"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of bio-inspired gradient heterogeneous structures in high-entropy alloys by laser-directed energy deposition: Microstructure, strength-ductility balance, and tribological properties","authors":"Chao Huo ,&nbsp;Pengfei Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiaohan Cui ,&nbsp;Qiang Li ,&nbsp;Minghao Nie ,&nbsp;Tailin Yue ,&nbsp;Xinling Wu ,&nbsp;Xin Liu ,&nbsp;Zhihui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.149132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Overcoming the inherent trade-offs among strength, ductility, and wear resistance in metal materials is a key challenge to enhance their engineering application value. Inspired by the rigid-flexible coupled (RFC) structure of bamboo, 316L/FeCoCrNiMn bionic gradient heterostructured material was prepared by laser-directed energy deposition (LDED) technology. The microstructure, crystallographic properties, mechanical properties and wear properties of the three samples were systematically investigated. The results show that all samples exhibit a single face-centered cubic (FCC) phase characteristic, and the microstructure contains epitaxial columnar grains, equiaxed grains, and cellular grains. In RFC materials designed with a biomimetic strategy, the presence of dislocation networks and recrystallization phenomena contributes to enhanced strength, ductility, and wear resistance. The RFC material exhibits excellent strong plastic synergistic effects when loaded along the deposition direction, reaching an elongation of 41 % (a 36.7 % enhancement over the FeCoCrNiMn high-entropy alloy). The ultimate flexural strength of RFC materials can reach 1740 MPa. The wear resistance of the RFC material is improved compared to both 316L and FeCoCrNiMn samples, and its wear mechanism changes with load variation. The specific performance is from oxidized wear and slight abrasive wear, gradually changed to adhesive wear, severe abrasive wear and fatigue wear synergistic mode.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"946 ","pages":"Article 149132"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}