Energy Efficiency最新文献

{"title":"Navigating the evolving strategies and tools for building energy efficiency","authors":"Islam Atta,&nbsp;Emad S. Bakhoum,&nbsp;Mohamed Marzouk","doi":"10.1007/s12053-026-10477-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12053-026-10477-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The construction industry is one of the largest energy-consuming and carbon-emitting sectors, leading to significant environmental consequences. Despite numerous initiatives and policies aimed at achieving energy efficiency and decarbonization, implementation strategies and tools face several challenges. This study explores the evolution of building energy efficiency strategies, alongside their analytical tools, examining their interconnections to identify gaps. An integrated methodology that combines bibliometric and scoping analyses was utilized within a systematic framework to identify influential strategies and tools and to examine their thematic evolution. This study makes several key contributions: it identifies eight clusters of strategies and five functionalities of analytical tools. Additionally, eight challenges and gaps were pinpointed, and nine future research directions were proposed to enhance building energy efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":537,"journal":{"name":"Energy Efficiency","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study of a horizontal air–water heat exchanger (AWHE) operating in a shallow aquifer and hot-humid climate","authors":"C. Ramírez-Dolores,&nbsp;J. A. Wong-Loya,&nbsp;J. V. Herrera-Romero,&nbsp;D. López-Liévano,&nbsp;J. Andaverde","doi":"10.1007/s12053-026-10470-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12053-026-10470-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the thermal effectiveness of a prototype air-to-water heat exchanger. The system was installed in a shallow aquifer in a coastal region, characterized by a sandy medium with a documented groundwater flow velocity of 0.19 ± 0.01 m/s, operating under a hot and humid climate. The AWHE, constructed (horizontal type), has 11 m of straight sections of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe. The thermohydraulic aspects of the heat exchanger were evaluated using the Number of Heat Transfer Units-Effectiveness (NTU-ε) method. The results of this study show that the temperature of the air circulating through the exchanger was reduced by between 3.02 and 7.94 °C, values higher than those obtained in similar studies with Earth-to-Air Heat Exchangers. However, the analysis is limited to short-term thermohydraulic performance in steady state. Future research is required to validate long-term performance values and the system's response to seasonal changes in aquifer temperature. High values were achieved the temperature drop per unit length in the present prototype is 1.03 °C/m, resulting in thermal effectiveness ranging from 87 to 96%. Both parameters are higher than those reported in recent international studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":537,"journal":{"name":"Energy Efficiency","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12053-026-10470-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexibility capital and organisational demand-side flexibility: a conceptual framework illustrated by Norwegian organisations","authors":"Jenny Palm,&nbsp;Anne Marthe Harstad,&nbsp;Ingvild Firman Fjellså,&nbsp;Poul Alberg Østergaard,&nbsp;Øystein Fjelldal,&nbsp;Brian Vad Mathiesen","doi":"10.1007/s12053-026-10479-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12053-026-10479-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, decarbonisation, electrification, and the increasing integration of variable renewable energy sources have intensified the need for demand-side flexibility in low-carbon electricity systems. While industry and commerce are widely recognised as holding substantial flexibility potential, their ability to mobilise this potential varies considerably across organisational and sectoral contexts. Existing research has primarily approached this flexibility as a techno-economic optimisation problem, while less attention has been devoted to the organisational and institutional conditions required to translate technical flexibility into active participation in flexibility markets. This article develops a conceptual framework for understanding organisational demand-side flexibility through the concept of flexibility capital. Building on socio-technical perspectives and demand response research, the article conceptualises flexibility as an organisational capability shaped by technical possibilities, organisational routines, financial resources, digital infrastructures, and institutional conditions. The framework is illustrated through interview and survey material from Norwegian organisations across commercial, industrial, agricultural, and public sectors. The findings show that technical flexibility potential does not automatically translate into actionable flexibility capability. Organisations frequently identify flexibility opportunities such as storage, buffering, and energy management systems, but their ability to mobilise these opportunities is constrained by operational continuity, investment costs, fragmented responsibilities, and limited organisational capacity. The article argues that flexibility is socially and institutionally organised rather than solely technically determined. By extending the concept of flexibility capital from households to organisational contexts, the framework contributes to research on demand-side flexibility, organisational capability, and flexibility justice in future low-carbon electricity systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":537,"journal":{"name":"Energy Efficiency","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12053-026-10479-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining realistic stochastic occupancy behavior for educational facilities: real-time co-simulation and stochastic agent-based modeling","authors":"Laith M. Obeidat,&nbsp;Rahaf Bataineh,&nbsp;Shouib Ma’bdeh,&nbsp;Saja Al Nussair","doi":"10.1007/s12053-026-10474-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12053-026-10474-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Occupant behavior plays a critical role in shaping building energy consumption, yet it is often represented in energy simulations using simplified or standardized schedules. While recent studies have advanced the characterization of occupant behavior, the integration of realistic behavioral patterns into dynamic simulation environments remains limited. This study proposes a real-time co-simulation framework that integrates Rhino-Grasshopper, Python, and agent-based modeling (ABM) to dynamically represent occupant schedules, behavioral rules, and interactions with building systems without extensive preprocessing of training data. Due to the lack of context-specific occupancy data, empirically derived occupancy schedules were developed for office spaces in Jordanian universities using survey-based data and cluster analysis, resulting in nine distinct behavioral profiles across different age groups. The numerical implementation was verified through controlled scenario testing, in which the building geometry, envelope, weather data, HVAC representation, and other physical parameters were held constant while only occupancy-related inputs were varied. Because temporally matched measured energy data were unavailable for the modeled office zones, formal calibration according to ASHRAE Guideline 14 and FEMP Option D was not claimed. Instead, the plausibility of the baseline results was assessed through structured contextual benchmarking against independent local and international studies with comparable building functions, climatic conditions, energy boundaries, and performance indicators. The standardized baseline simulations produced modeled annual Energy Use Intensity values of 133.10 and 113.43 kWh m⁻2 yr⁻1 for Offices A and B, respectively, whereas the empirically derived occupant profiles produced EUI values of 342.36–514.12 and 289.20–425.15 kWh m⁻2 yr⁻1, respectively. These findings highlight the importance of integrating realistic occupancy behavior into dynamic energy simulations to improve the representation of occupancy-driven variability in energy-performance assessment in educational office buildings. The proposed framework provides a scalable and behavior-aware approach for advancing occupant-centric energy modeling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":537,"journal":{"name":"Energy Efficiency","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy efficiency first for homes? Public priorities, barriers and residential energy choices in six European countries","authors":"Johan Nordensvärd,&nbsp;Emma Lindkvist,&nbsp;Fayas Malik Kanchiralla,&nbsp;Patrik Thollander,&nbsp;Patrik Rohdin,&nbsp;Benjamin K. Sovacool,&nbsp;Erin Heinz,&nbsp;Frauke Urban,&nbsp;Niklas Arvidsson,&nbsp;Muhammad Asif,&nbsp;Weimin Zhang,&nbsp;Thomas Kwan,&nbsp;Daniel H. B. Gamez","doi":"10.1007/s12053-026-10478-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12053-026-10478-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Energy Efficiency First (EE1st) principle has become an important element of European Union energy and climate policy, requiring energy efficiency to be considered and prioritised where it is more cost-effective or socially beneficial than supply-side alternatives. However, EE1st is primarily a top-down policy, planning and investment principle, not simply a measure of public support for energy efficiency. This article therefore examines a more focused question: how do households perceive, prioritise and evaluate residential energy measures that are relevant to the implementation context of EE1st? Drawing on a structured cross-national survey of 1,014 respondents in Germany, the United Kingdom, Poland, Italy, Denmark and Estonia, the article explores household attitudes toward selected building-related energy efficiency and decarbonisation measures, including insulation, energy-efficient windows, heating systems, heat pumps and renewable energy options. The six countries represent different institutional, welfare and energy-policy contexts, allowing for an exploratory comparison of public perceptions across diverse European settings. Findings show broad support for several residential energy measures, but also reveal important constraints. High upfront costs emerge as the most consistent barrier, while willingness to invest or tolerate disruption varies across measures and countries. Rather than demonstrating that EE1st has become embedded as a shared European norm, the results indicate that household acceptance of EE1st-relevant policy choices depends on how citizens perceive the differentiated costs, disruption, technology options and the balance between efficiency and supply-side solutions. The article contributes to the EE1st literature by clarifying the conditions of household-level acceptance that enable or impede the practical implementation of energy efficiency-oriented residential policy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":537,"journal":{"name":"Energy Efficiency","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12053-026-10478-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How can artificial intelligence application improve corporate energy efficiency? From the perspective of supply chain spillovers","authors":"Tianci Meng,&nbsp;Youshu Li,&nbsp;Yahui Cao","doi":"10.1007/s12053-026-10472-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12053-026-10472-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Based on panel data of Chinese enterprises from 2011 to 2022, this study investigates the impact and mechanisms of artificial intelligence application on corporate energy efficiency. Drawing on the theory of vertical relationships in industrial organization, it further examines the supply chain spillover effects of AI application by focal firms on the energy efficiency of upstream and downstream partners. Empirical results show that artificial intelligence applications significantly improve corporate energy efficiency, with more pronounced effects in firms with larger asset sizes, higher human capital, and stronger industry competition. Mechanism analysis reveals that AI enhances energy efficiency mainly by strengthening green technology innovation, increasing resource allocation efficiency, and enhancing supply chain stability. In terms of supply chain spillover, AI applications by focal firms improve the energy efficiency of upstream suppliers by mitigating the bullwhip effect and improve the energy efficiency of downstream customers by reducing their transaction costs. This study reveals the internal and external pathways through which artificial intelligence can promote improvements in energy efficiency, expands the understanding of AI externalities in supply chains, and offers theoretical insights and policy implications for advancing green transformation through intelligent technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":537,"journal":{"name":"Energy Efficiency","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149133292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can new-quality productivity in manufacturing reduce energy factor misallocation? Evidence from Chinese cities","authors":"Bingqian Zhang,&nbsp;Heng Ma,&nbsp;Lawrence Loh,&nbsp;Siliang Guo","doi":"10.1007/s12053-026-10476-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12053-026-10476-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>New-quality productivity in manufacturing, characterized by technological innovation, digitalization, intelligent production, and green transformation, may play an important role in reducing energy factor misallocation. Using panel data for 281 Chinese prefecture-level cities from 2013 to 2022, this study constructs a city-level measure of energy factor misallocation based on production-function elasticity estimation and examines the impact of new-quality productivity in manufacturing using the system generalized method of moments estimator and the spatial Durbin model. The results show that new-quality productivity in manufacturing significantly reduces energy factor misallocation. Mechanism analysis further indicates that this effect operates partly through three channels: data utilization, green innovation, and industrial upgrading. In addition, the effect exhibits significant spatial spillovers and a clear distance-decay pattern as geographic distance increases. These findings extend the understanding of how manufacturing transformation affects energy factor allocation and suggest that policies aimed at improving data-based coordination, green technological upgrading, and regional collaboration can contribute to more efficient and sustainable energy use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":537,"journal":{"name":"Energy Efficiency","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LMDI-Tapio analysis and scenario-based carbon emission reduction pathways for the southern power grid region in China: insights from comparative reference regions","authors":"Fan Zhang,&nbsp;Yanlu Huang,&nbsp;Zifei Wang,&nbsp;Hongkwan Lee","doi":"10.1007/s12053-026-10471-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12053-026-10471-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Decarbonizing regional power systems is essential for achieving China’s carbon-neutrality targets. However, analyses conducted only at the national or provincial level may overlook the functional interdependence among electricity demand, generation structure, and cross-provincial power transfers. This study examines the southern power grid region in China, which includes Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, and Hainan, as an integrated electricity system rather than as a simple geographical or administrative unit. This region provides a useful case because it combines energy-intensive coastal demand centers with inland provinces that are rich in hydropower and renewable energy resources. It therefore allows an assessment of whether regional grid integration can support the decoupling of economic growth from electricity-sector carbon emissions. Using data from 2013 to 2021, this study develops a sequential analytical framework that combines decomposition analysis, decoupling assessment, and constrained scenario modelling. The decomposition–decoupling results indicate that the southern power grid region remained mainly in a weak decoupling state during the study period. Although improvements in electricity efficiency and changes in the generation structure contributed to emission reduction, their effects were partly offset by rapid economic growth and continued reliance on fossil-fuel power generation. In the Region A decomposition dataset, several strong-decoupling years coincided with declines in the fossil-fuel power generation ratio. Scenario projections show that, under the Normal-scenario assumptions, electricity-sector carbon emissions in the southern power grid region may peak around 2036. Under a more stringent decarbonization pathway aimed at achieving net-zero emissions by 2050, the peak could be advanced to 2033, with a projected peak of approximately 599.9 Mt, 25.4% below the Normal-scenario peak of approximately 803.7 Mt. These findings suggest that, alongside renewable-capacity expansion, policy strategies for the southern power grid region could place greater emphasis on enabling the actual displacement of fossil-fuel generation. Cross-provincial coordination, dispatch arrangements, and regulatory alignment may support this process, although the effects of these individual policy measures are not separately estimated in this study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":537,"journal":{"name":"Energy Efficiency","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12053-026-10471-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deconstructing the rise in residential CO2 emissions from direct space heating in Türkiye: an LMDI analysis for net-zero policy","authors":"Ugur Cem Yilmaz,&nbsp;İzzet Arı","doi":"10.1007/s12053-026-10473-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12053-026-10473-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Residential buildings in Türkiye contribute significantly to national CO₂ emissions, primarily due to inefficient heating systems and growing urban demand. Despite policy commitments to net-zero targets by 2053, the sector lacks granular analysis of the social and structural drivers behind these emissions. This study applies a decomposition approach to identify key factors influencing residential heating emissions in Türkiye between 2012 and 2024, with a specific focus on analyzing the main drivers of direct CO₂ emissions from residential buildings, particularly those related to space heating. The parameters are population, household number, household size, floor area, direct energy consumption for heating purposes and emitted CO₂ emissions from residential buildings. The Logarithmic Mean Divisa Index method is applied for this analysis. Emissions increased from 31.99 MtCO₂ in 2012 to 49.20 MtCO₂ in 2024 driven primarily by the growth in the number of households and rising floor area per capita. The research underscores the importance of energy efficiency measures, updated building insulation standards, hi-tech energy equipment in dwellings, in reducing energy consumption and emissions. These findings provide a robust foundation for targeted policy interventions to achieve Türkiye's net zero emissions goals by 2053.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":537,"journal":{"name":"Energy Efficiency","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can urban double repair reduce carbon emissions? Evidence from Chinese listed companies","authors":"Lianpeng An,&nbsp;Yanya Chen,&nbsp;Jingjing Qian,&nbsp;Ning Xu,&nbsp;Linxi Duan","doi":"10.1007/s12053-026-10475-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12053-026-10475-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Unlike general urban renewal policies, the urban double repair pilot policy (UDRPP) integrates \"ecological restoration\" with \"urban repair,\" featuring a distinctive policy design characterized by dual \"constraint-support\" mechanisms. Based on panel data of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2020, this study employs the difference-in-differences (DID) method to examine the impact of UDRPP on corporate carbon emissions (CCE) and its underlying mechanisms. Firm-level data were obtained from the CSMAR and Wind databases, CCE measurement data were sourced from the China Energy Statistical Yearbook, and city-level data were derived from the China City Statistical Yearbook. The findings reveal that: First, UDRPP significantly reduces CCE, with pilot city firms experiencing an average decrease of approximately 3.80% in carbon emission intensity. Second, UDRPP achieves carbon reduction effects primarily through two pathways: alleviating corporate financing constraints and promoting corporate innovation activities. Third, from the perspective of city characteristics, compared with central and western cities, large cities, and non-resource-based cities, the carbon reduction effects of UDRPP are more significant for firms in eastern cities, small and medium-sized cities, and resource-based cities; from the perspective of firm characteristics, compared with state-owned enterprises, non-high-tech enterprises, and heavily polluting enterprises, the carbon reduction effects of UDRPP are more pronounced for non-state-owned enterprises, high-tech enterprises, and non-heavily polluting enterprises.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":537,"journal":{"name":"Energy Efficiency","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}