Fuel最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced depolymerization of lignin over N, P co-doped carbon supported Ru catalyst","authors":"Wenwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Lifeng Li ,&nbsp;Tao Ruan ,&nbsp;Xinping Ouyang ,&nbsp;Xueqing Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new N and P co-doped porous carbon (PNC) supported Ru catalyst (Ru/PNC) was constructed for highly efficient hydrogenolysis of lignin, in which PNC was prepared using enzymatically hydrolyzed lignin as the carbon source, phytic acid as the phosphorus source, and melamine as the nitrogen source. The introduction of P greatly increased the mesoporous and macroporous network of the catalyst. The hierarchical porous structure of Ru/PNC and the enhanced metal-support interactions by synergistic effect of N and P heteroatoms enabled Ru active centers to uniformly disperse with small particle size on the support. In addition, the N, P co-doping provided with strong Lewis acidity, high porosity, and high specific surface area, facilitated adsorption of lignin onto active sites of supports. This reduced the dissociation energy between lignin structural units, thereby showing the higher activity of hydrogenolysis of lignin. Under the optimal conditions, Ru/PNC contributed to 37.1% aromatic monomers yield from lignin hydrogenolysis, which outperformed Ru/NC (25.6%) and Ru/AC (15.1%). Moreover, Ru/PNC maintained high activity and structural stability after 5 cycles. This work provides a new approach for constructing efficient catalysts for depolymerizing lignin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"418 ","pages":"Article 138706"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of permeability enhancement and displacement by alternating cyclic injection of N2/CO2 and dynamic optimization of gas injection strategies","authors":"Ruixue Zhu ,&nbsp;Ziwen Li ,&nbsp;Wei Yang ,&nbsp;Zhiyong Hao ,&nbsp;Yabin Gao ,&nbsp;Yinji Wang ,&nbsp;Yongkang Sun ,&nbsp;Fazhi Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an alternating cyclic N₂/CO₂ injection strategy designed to synergistically enhance coalbed methane (CBM) recovery. The strategy utilizes the pressure-driven effect of N₂ to improve permeability and the adsorption-displacement capacity of CO₂, optimizing these functions across distinct stages. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms and identify pathways for optimization, a fully coupled thermal-hydro-mechanical (THM) model was developed through numerical simulation. This model systematically investigates the effects of the N₂/CO₂ injection sequence, N₂ injection pressure, N₂ injection time ratio, and the number of alternating cycles. The response surface method (RSM) was employed to quantify interactions among key parameters and to optimize displacement efficiency. The results demonstrate that N₂ pre-injection effectively scours and enlarges gas migration channels, resulting in the highest peak permeability. Furthermore, increasing N₂ injection pressure leads to irreversible fracture aperture expansion due to tensile stress, thereby enhancing reservoir permeability. For a single injection cycle, optimal permeability enhancement and displacement efficiency occur at an N₂ injection time ratio of 30%. Three alternating cycles are optimal, as they effectively counteract CO₂-induced permeability attenuation; however, four cycles diminish effectiveness due to fatigue damage. RSM optimization indicates that displacement efficiency is most sensitive to the interaction between the number of cycles and the N₂ injection time ratio. Moreover, the optimal cyclic scheme is influenced by the N₂ injection pressure: three cycles are optimal at 5 MPa, with N₂ injection time ratios of 53%→36%→23%; one cycle is optimal at 6 MPa, with an N₂ injection time ratio of 30%; and two cycles are optimal at 7 MPa, with N₂ injection time ratios of 48%→28%. In multiple cycles, a reduction in the N₂ injection time ratio facilitates the transition from “N₂-dominated permeability enhancement” to “CO₂-dominated deep displacement,” thereby maximizing displacement efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"418 ","pages":"Article 138652"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copper/nickel-based bimetallic heterostructures anchored nitrogen-doped porous carbon for high-energy lithium and sodium-ion-based supercapatteries","authors":"Eswaran Narayanamoorthi ,&nbsp;Cheng-Sao Chen ,&nbsp;Haidee Mana-ay ,&nbsp;Mani Govindasamy ,&nbsp;Pin-Yi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the synthesis of bimetallic Ni-Cu/NiO-Cu₂O heterostructures featuring amorphous-crystalline interfaces anchored on nitrogen-doped porous carbon (N-PC) derived from porous organic frameworks (POFs) for high-performance supercapattery devices (SDs). In this process, Ni²⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions in controlled ratios are incorporated into the POF through a condensation reaction, followed by carbonization under a nitrogen atmosphere at 1000 °C to form Ni-Cu/NiO-Cu₂O@N-PC composites. The coexistence of metallic and metal oxide phases is confirmed through X-ray-based analyses, while Raman spectroscopy and structural characterization verify the presence of amorphous-crystalline interfaces anchored on N-PC. Among the prepared materials, the Ni-Cu/NiO-Cu₂O@N-PC-3 (with a Ni²⁺: Cu²⁺ weight ratio of 75:25) exhibits superior electrochemical performance, delivering a maximum specific capacitance of 940 F g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹. High-energy Li- and Na-based non-aqueous SDs are developed using LiClO₄, NaClO₄, and LiPF₆ electrolytes to ensure high ionic conductivity and wide potential windows. The assembled SD (Ni-Cu/NiO-Cu₂O@N-PC-3 / 1.0 M LiPF₆ (non-aqueous) / Activated carbon) achieves a remarkable energy density of 177 W h kg⁻¹ and a power density of 2723 W kg⁻¹. Furthermore, the fabricated device effectively powers red and yellow LEDs, confirming its potential for practical energy storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"418 ","pages":"Article 138693"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anchoring MoOx nanodots in N-doped porous carbon via a biomimetic strategy: enhanced supercapacitor performance","authors":"Li Li ,&nbsp;Shou-Cheng Jiao ,&nbsp;Chang-Wang Shao ,&nbsp;Yu-Man Li ,&nbsp;Long-Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xing-Shun Cong ,&nbsp;Xian-Yong Wei ,&nbsp;Dan Mu","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the growing demand for high-performance energy storage devices in emerging fields such as electric vehicles and wearable electronics, supercapacitors have emerged as a research focus owing to their high-power density, rapid charge–discharge rates, and exceptional cycling stability. Nevertheless, the widespread application of supercapacitors is constrained by the limited energy density and structural instability of conventional electrode materials. Herein, a biomimetic strategy was proposed to prepare nitrogen-doped activated carbon (NAC) using Shenmu lignite as carbon precursor through a one-step carbonization-activation method, anchoring MoO_x nanoparticles on the NAC matrix, thereby constructing a MoO_x@NAC composite electrode material integrated with synergistic structural and compositional advantages. The composite possesses a remarkable specific surface area (2378 m² g⁻¹), a well-developed hierarchical pore structure, and suitable nitrogen doping. Electrochemical characterization revealed that the MoO_x@NAC electrode delivers an impressive specific capacitance of 40 8F g⁻¹ at a current density of 0.5 A g⁻¹, along with low resistance in a 6 M KOH electrolyte. Furthermore, the assembled symmetric supercapacitor achieves an energy density of 19.6 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 125 W kg⁻¹, underscoring its superior electrochemical performance for advanced energy storage applications. Additionally, the composite demonstrated exceptional cycling stability, retaining 93.6% of its initial capacitance after 10,000 consecutive charge/discharge cycles at a current density of 5 A g⁻¹. This enhanced performance is attributed to the synergistic effect between MoO_x nanoparticles and N-doped porous carbon. Specifically, the nitrogen and oxygen functional groups improve electrolyte wettability and reduce internal resistance, while the reversible redox reactions from Mo species and nitrogen-containing groups provide extra pseudo-capacitance and enrich active sites. This work presents a promising biomimetic strategy for developing high-performance carbon-based electrodes, offering a promising route for the value-added utilization of lignite-derived activated carbon in industrial supercapacitors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"418 ","pages":"Article 138682"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective modulation of Ni3S2 by the co-doping strategy of W and Fe enhances the activity and stability for the oxygen evolution reaction","authors":"Weili Tang ,&nbsp;Yuantao Yang ,&nbsp;Jinlong Wei ,&nbsp;Junli Wang ,&nbsp;Ruidong Xu ,&nbsp;Nan Li ,&nbsp;Linjing Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of transition metal catalysts with low cost and high efficiency plays a significant role in achieving the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline electrolysis of water, thereby promoting the rapid development of hydrogen energy. Herein, this paper introduces a simple one-step hydrothermal synthesis method for preparing a Ni₃S₂ catalyst co-doped with W and Fe. It is notable that in the 1 M KOH solution, this electrode has a lower overpotential and faster kinetics. And it shows excellent long-term stability when working continuously for 100 h under 10 mA/cm² conditions. The combination of experimental results and DFT calculations indicates that the synergistic effect of W and Fe optimizes the adsorption in the rate-determining step, and the energy barrier (1.92 eV) is significantly reduced. This progressive barrier reduction quantitatively confirmed the synergistic effect of Fe-W double doping in regulating the electronic structure of the catalyst, thereby accelerating the OER process. In addition, the OER performance of this catalyst is significantly better than that of other transition metal catalysts reported recently. This work not only presents a highly efficient OER catalyst but also provides a universal co-doping strategy that can be extended to other transition metal compounds for advanced energy conversion technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"418 ","pages":"Article 138639"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Particle Size and Magnesium Doping on Fe/CuO Pyrotechnic Composition Combustion","authors":"Nabil Mokrani ,&nbsp;Davney Ondzié-Pandzou ,&nbsp;Stéphane Bernard ,&nbsp;Jean-Claude Harge ,&nbsp;Léo Courty","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the combustion behavior of Fe/CuO thermite systems by systematically evaluating the effects of iron particle size, Fe content, porosity, and magnesium (Mg) doping. Thermite pellets were fabricated using three Fe particle size ranges (0–20 µm, 20–40 µm, and 40–80 µm) with varying Fe contents (20–70 wt%), compacted under constant pressure. Combustion performance was evaluated under a fixed single ignition condition. The addition of 2.5 wt% Mg enhanced reactivity and ensured complete and sustained combustion, particularly in compositions with coarse particles or high Fe content.</div><div>Beyond burning rate analysis, pellet porosity was measured prior to ignition, and mass changes (loss or gain) were quantified by comparing pellet mass before and after combustion. These data provided insights into the material’s conversion efficiency and the influence of ambient atmospheric oxygen on post-combustion mass variation. Combustion repeatability was verified through triplicate testing, with low standard deviations confirming experimental consistency.</div><div>The powders were characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to assess particle morphology and agglomeration, while Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) was used to confirm elemental composition and detect potential surface oxidation or impurities. SEM/EDS observations revealed strong morphological differences between the particle size classes, directly affecting packing density and reaction uniformity.</div><div>In conclusion, combining fine Fe particles, a balanced Fe/CuO ratio, and 2.5% Mg doping produced fast, reliable, and reproducible combustion, offering promising potential for advanced thermite-based energetic applications. The resulting data set captures the complex interplay between composition, structure, and ignition behavior in Fe/CuO thermites. It serves as a robust experimental foundation for pyrotechnic laboratories and modelers working on numerical simulation, reaction front propagation, and kinetic parameter extraction in thermite systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"418 ","pages":"Article 138666"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalytic tar cracking over calcium oxide-based bifunctional materials during biomass chemical looping gasification: Experimental and DFT approaches","authors":"Li Zou ,&nbsp;Li Ma ,&nbsp;Gaoming Wei ,&nbsp;Shifeng Deng ,&nbsp;Qinxin Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ca-looping biomass chemical looping gasification (CaL-BCLG) process employs cyclic-chain reactions of CaO-based sorbents between the gasifier and the combustor to simultaneously enhance H₂ production and enable CO₂ capture, offering broad prospects in the clean energy sector. However, tar-induced carbon deposition on the carrier surface and pipeline blockage significantly impair the stability of CaL-BCLG for hydrogen production. Although SiO₂- or coal gangue (CG, mainly consisting of SiO₂ and Al₂O₃)-modified CCS (calcined carbide slag) sorbents previously developed by our group have shown promising CO₂ capture and hydrogen production performance, their gradual deactivation under heavy-tar conditions remains unavoidable. The underlying interactions between tar and modified sorbents, however, are still poorly understood. In this work, the effect of inert oxide doping on tar cracking performance was systematically evaluated using tar reforming tests, structural characterizations, tar component analysis, and density functional theory–based molecular dynamics simulations. SiO₂ or CG incorporation constructed more stable frameworks and preserved active sites, effectively suppressing sintering and carbon deposition. Thus, CCS-Si2 (doped with 2 wt% SiO₂) and CCS-CG5 (doped with 5 wt% CG) exhibited higher apparent tar reforming performance than pristine CCS under the tested conditions. Basic phases (Ca₂SiO₄, Ca₁₂Al₁₄O₃₃) provided additional active sites that promoted the cracking of acidic oxygenates and the steam reforming of carbon deposits. The ·H and ·OH radicals generated via H₂O ionization were further identified as the dominant species driving tar decomposition on CaO, with <em>ortho</em>-position dehydrogenation serving as the rate-limiting step. Si doping enhanced the catalytic performance by modulating the electronic structure of CCS and optimizing tar adsorption; however, Si-Al interactions can partially diminish the intrinsic cracking activity of CaO sites. These insights elucidate tar–sorbent interaction mechanisms and offer design principles for high-stability CaO-based sorbents enabling efficient hydrogen production and CO₂ capture in CaL-BCLG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"418 ","pages":"Article 138736"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring limonene combustion through laminar burning velocity measurements and Markstein length for next-generation SAFs","authors":"Luis Fernando Marcondes Garzón Lama ,&nbsp;Jônatas Vicente ,&nbsp;Haussman Guimarães da Gama Leite ,&nbsp;Vinicius Malatesta ,&nbsp;Rene Francisco Boschi Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Amir Antônio Martins de Oliveira Junior ,&nbsp;Cristiane Aparecida Martins","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) are a critical pathway for reducing carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from the aviation sector, yet the deployment of new SAF candidates requires a robust understanding of their fundamental combustion behavior. Limonene, a renewable terpene derived from pine and citrus biomass, has emerged as a promising candidate due to its favorable energy content and bulk properties relative to conventional Jet A-1. However, despite increasing interest, fundamental premixed combustion data for limonene—particularly laminar burning velocity and flame stability parameters—remain limited. The aim of this study is to address this gap through an experimental investigation of the premixed combustion characteristics of limonene. Laminar burning velocity measurements were performed in spherical and cylindrical constant-volume reactors at atmospheric pressure and unburned-gas temperatures of 358, 398, and 438 K using Schlieren imaging. Experiments were conducted for pure limonene, the Jet A-1 surrogate fuel MURI-1, and a 70/30 (vol./vol.) MURI-1–limonene blend over equivalence ratios from 0.7 to 1.4. The results show that pure limonene exhibits high laminar burning velocities, reaching peak values of approximately 70 cm s⁻¹, exceeding those of conventional kerosene surrogates. Flame stability analysis reveals that limonene flames become increasingly sensitive to stretch under fuel-rich conditions, as indicated by decreasing Markstein length and Lewis number. Blending limonene with MURI-1 yields intermediate burning velocities and improves flame stability through increased Markstein length, despite a modest reduction in flame thickness, with enhancements of up to 8% observed under rich conditions. These findings provide new fundamental combustion data for limonene and demonstrate combustion trends consistent with other SAF candidates, supporting its potential as a viable component for future ASTM-certified sustainable aviation fuel formulations and for the development of validated chemical-kinetic models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"418 ","pages":"Article 138728"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation on gas-particle flow and combustion characteristics from a pre-combustion chamber burner coupled with in-furnace radial air staging:optimization of secondary air ratio","authors":"Zhenhua Yuan ,&nbsp;Xiangyu Sun ,&nbsp;Zhichao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pre-combustion chamber burner coupled with radial air staging is a combustion technology that reconciles flame stability with NO<em>_x</em> reduction. For this technology, this paper combines cold-state gas-particle flow experiments with pilot-scale hot-state experiments to comprehensively study the effect of key operating parameters (secondary air ratio, <em>R_SA</em>) on the flow field, combustion behavior and NO<em>_x</em> emission. When <em>R_SA</em> ranges from 0.1 to 0.83, there are central and annular recirculation areas (CRA &amp; ARA) in the pre-combustion chamber (PCC). When <em>R_SA</em> is 0.10, weaker entrainment of primary air by the secondary jets shifts the obvious CRA onset downstream (on the plane of <em>x/d</em> = 1.8), compared with the cases where <em>R_SA</em> ranges from 0.22 to 0.83 (on the plane of <em>x/d</em> = 1.0). <em>R_SA</em> increases from 0.10 to 0.83, which is conducive to the rotation and diffusion of the airflow. When <em>R_SA</em> ranges from 0.11 to 0.67, stable ignition is maintained, with temperatures in the furnace exceeding 1473 K. As <em>R_SA</em> increases from 0.11 to 0.67, the PCC center temperature increases; the CO concentration at furnace center shows a decreasing trend, while the NO<em>_x</em> concentration shows an opposite trend; the pulverized coal burnout climbs from 98.4% to 99.8%, while the NO<em>_x</em> emission concentration rises from 59 mg/m³ to 364 mg/m³. Taking all factors into account, the comprehensive performance is superior when the <em>R_SA</em> is 0.25, with a pulverized coal burnout rate of 99.4% and a NO<em>_x</em> concentration of 209 mg/m³ (O₂ = 9%). These findings provide experimental foundations and engineering suggestions for pulverized coal boilers in terms of stable combustion and pollutant control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"418 ","pages":"Article 138742"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-walled carbon Nanotube-Encapsulated polyoxometalates for Wide-Range humidity PEM fuel cells","authors":"Chenyu Liu ,&nbsp;Qinghao Lin ,&nbsp;Jujia Zhang ,&nbsp;Qin Liu ,&nbsp;Xianglong Wan ,&nbsp;Wentuan Bi","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2026.138688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reducing platinum usage and broadening the operating humidity range are crucial for the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). This study designed a proton-conducting composite through anchoring polyoxometalates onto single-walled carbon nanotubes (POM@SWCNT). The obtained POM@SWCNT was integrated into the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) as a conductive skeleton to enhance the local proton-electron coupled environment at the platinum (Pt) catalyst interface, thereby facilitating oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics and reducing overall proton transfer resistance across wide humidity range. The introduction of POM@SWCNT increased the electrochemical active area (ECSA) and mass activity (MA) of Pt by 62 % and 33 %, respectively. The proton resistance of the prepared MEA reduces 60 % compared with the conventional MEA at 40 % relative humidity (RH) and 80 °C. This strategy offers a highly promising new technical pathway for developing high-performance fuel cells under wide humidity conditions and low Pt loadings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"418 ","pages":"Article 138688"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}