Fuel最新文献

{"title":"Numerical study on preferential evaporation and combustion characteristic of SAF/Jet A spray flames stabilized in a laminar counter-flow","authors":"Yanqi Zhang,&nbsp;Jiangkuan Xing,&nbsp;Zhenhua An,&nbsp;Ryoichi Kurose","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding and modeling the preferential evaporation characteristics of spray flames of blended sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) and conventional jet fuels are crucial for their clean and efficient use in aircraft engines. The present study aims to investigate the preferential evaporation and combustion characteristics of spray flames of blended SAFs and Jet A mixtures stabilized in a laminar counter-flow configuration using direct numerical simulations (DNSs) with the HyChem chemistry model. In particular, three droplet diameters and two strain rates are considered to study a wide range of Stokes numbers. An <em>a priori</em> study of an extended flamelet/progress variable (E-FPV) model is also conducted to evaluate its performance in reproducing the preferential evaporation effect. The results demonstrate that the spray flames of ATJ-SPK/Jet A exhibit flame structures similar to those of the single-component fuels studied in existing research. The preferential evaporation behavior under different spray flame structures is emphasized. At low Stokes numbers, single fuel-side premixed flames form, leading to weak preferential evaporation. As the Stokes number increases, diffusion flames resulting from internal droplet group combustion emerge, accompanied by double flame structures. They spatially separate different fuel streams, resulting in significantly stronger preferential evaporation. With a further increase in droplet penetration, the air-side flame front transitions to premixed flames associated with the envelope flame. This reduces mixing between fuel streams from different droplets, thereby enhancing preferential evaporation. In cases of strong preferential evaporation, the E-FPV model outperforms the conventional model, particularly in predicting minor species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 135757"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing nanoparticle stability of Sr1.9Fe1.5Mo0.5O6–δ electrode in solid oxide fuel cells via praseodymium oxide infiltrated surface protection layer","authors":"Yujie Wu ,&nbsp;Jiyoon Shin ,&nbsp;Hao-Yang Li ,&nbsp;Zhe Lv ,&nbsp;Pei-Chen Su","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mitigating nanoparticle agglomeration on anode ceramic electrodes is critical for maintaining performance during the long-term operation of solid oxide fuel cells. We infiltrate praseodymium into A-site deficient Sr_1.9Fe_1.5Mo_0.5O_6–δ (SFM), where the surface exsolved Fe nanoparticles due to the non-stoichiometric composition are effectively stabilized to improve the SFM electrode stability. The infiltrated praseodymium reacts with exsolved surface Fe nanoparticles and forms praseodymium ferrite, while the excess Pr₆O₁₁ reduces to Pr_xO_y, creating a protective surface film to mitigate Fe nanoparticle degradation and improving the electrode performance stability. The infiltrated Pr also improves surface charge transfer, significantly reducing electrode polarization resistance. The infiltrated Pr surface protective layer offers a promising strategy for long-term electrode durability in solid oxide fuel cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 135813"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the mechanisms of light oil adsorption in shale: Insights from thermodynamics and kinetics","authors":"Yunze Lei ,&nbsp;Wei Dang ,&nbsp;Qin Zhang ,&nbsp;Haikuan Nie ,&nbsp;Lindong Shangguan ,&nbsp;Jiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Guichao Du ,&nbsp;Yankai Xue ,&nbsp;Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adsorption is a critical process for oil storage and transport in shale formations, and a thorough understanding of such processes is essential for accurately assessing the adsorbed oil content and improving shale oil development efficiency. Despite the importance of adsorption in shale oil reservoirs, few studies have explored the adsorption mechanisms of oil in shale from both thermodynamic and kinetic perspectives in the past, even though these two factors significantly govern the adsorption process. To this end, this study selects n-heptane (C₇H₁₆) and shale as the adsorbate-adsorbent pair, and aims to fill this gap by integrating isothermal adsorption experiments with adsorption thermodynamic and kinetic models. The results show that the adsorption/desorption isotherms of light oil in shale follow a Type II curve and exhibits unclosed hysteresis loop due to strong oil-shale interaction and oil dissolution in organic matter. Compared to BET model, the Dent model provides the best fit for the adsorption isotherms, indicating that the light oil adsorption process involves multilayer adsorption at two distinct sites. Thermodynamic parameters, including Δ<em>H</em> (−3.98 kJ/mol), Δ<em>G</em> (−0.2385 kJ/mol), Δ<em>S</em> (−0.0126 kJ/mol·K), and <em>q</em>_st (11.72 kJ/mol), confirm that light oil adsorption is an exothermic, weakly to moderately spontaneous, entropy-reducing, and physical process. Kinetic analysis reveals that the double-exponential model best describes the adsorption kinetics (<em>R</em>² &gt; 0.95, RMSE ≤ 0.05), indicating the light oil adsorption in shale is a two-stage process: a rapid adsorption stage driven by external diffusion and a slower stage controlled by intraparticle diffusion. These thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics provide abundant and novel information for deeply understanding the shale oil adsorption mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 135804"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-Situ synthesis of ZIF-8 membranes on PDA/APTES modified alumina supports and optimization of their hydrogen separation performance","authors":"Jui-Yeh Rau ,&nbsp;Yulin Xie ,&nbsp;Zhujian Mao ,&nbsp;Youyi Wang ,&nbsp;Jiayi Hao ,&nbsp;Shihan Cai ,&nbsp;Jian Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of high-performance hydrogen separation membranes is a crucial step in the advancement of sustainable energy technologies and the achievement of carbon neutrality. In this study, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) membranes with an ultra-high selectivity for hydrogen over carbon dioxide were successfully synthesised on polydopamine/3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (PDA/APTES) modified Al₂O₃ supports. The interfacial layer exhibited excellent adhesion and a high density of functional groups, which served as nucleation sites for the growth of ZIF-8 crystals. The resulting membranes exhibited a dense and defect-free structure, achieved through an optimised 12 h in-situ growth process. The membranes exhibited excellent gas separation performance, with hydrogen(H₂) permeance reaching 14 × 10⁻⁷ mol·Pa⁻¹·m⁻²·s⁻¹ and ideal selectivities of 20.3, 22.1, and 26.8 for H₂/CO₂, H₂/N_2, and H₂/CH₄, respectively, at 25 °C and 0.2 MPa. In comparison with the ZIF-8 membrane that was synthesised on a pure PDA modified layer, the H₂ permeance increased by 14.8 %. Notably, the selectivity for H₂/CO₂ increased by almost threefold. Moreover, long-term stability tests demonstrated the durability and robustness of the ZIF-8 membranes under operational conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 135749"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A combined primary and secondary DeNOx concept to achieve ultra-low NOx emissions in small-scale multi-fuel biomass grate furnaces","authors":"Maximilian Steiner ,&nbsp;Robert Scharler ,&nbsp;Christoph Hochenauer ,&nbsp;Markus Buchmayr ,&nbsp;Andrés Anca-Couce","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135794","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135794","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High NO_x emissions are still a major problem for biomass furnaces that use low-grade fuels with a high nitrogen content. The aim of this work was therefore to achieve extremely low NO_x emissions with a combined concept of optimised primary and secondary NO_x reduction measures. Experiments were conducted in a 70-kW grate furnace that uses double air staging and urea-based SNCR. In addition, a kinetic simulation applying ideal reactors in conjunction with a detailed nitrogen chemistry mechanism was performed to gain deeper insights into the process.</div><div>The results showed a synergistic effect for double air staging with a long reduction zone in combination with a novel SNCR injection strategy in the oxidation zone, resulting in an extremely efficient NO_x reduction of up to 94% compared to conventional single air staging. In this optimised configuration, the urea was injected shortly after the last air nozzles, at a point where high CO and OH radical concentrations were still present. This significantly reduced the NH₃ slip, allowing more urea injection until the NH₃ legal limit was reached. The kinetic simulation confirmed the experimental trends.</div><div>Lastly, suggestions are given for the implementation of the presented combined DeNO_x concept in future low-NO_x small-scale furnaces, with which NO_x emissions below 20 mg∙m⁻³ at 13 vol% O₂ with minimal NH₃ slip could be achieved for biogenic residues with an extremely high nitrogen content of above 2 % d.b.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 135794"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-healing asphalt with optimised tyre-based pyro-rejuvenator","authors":"Manuel Chávez-Delgado ,&nbsp;Jose L. Concha ,&nbsp;Silvia Caro ,&nbsp;Carlos P. Silva ,&nbsp;Luis E. Arteaga-Pérez ,&nbsp;Jose Norambuena-Contreras","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates an optimised pyro-rejuvenator (PR), derived from the pyrolysis of waste tyres, as a novel agent for self-healing asphalt. A multi-scale approach, encompassing chemical, microstructural, and mechanical evaluations, was employed to assess the effectiveness of the pyro-rejuvenator. The PR was incorporated into long-term aged bitumen (PAV) at dosages of 3 wt. % and 6 wt. %, with chemical changes analysed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and chemical fractionation (SARA). The self-healing performance of the treated and unaged bitumen was evaluated through fatigue-healing-fatigue tests using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and tensile tests under static conditions. Additionally, the PR’s efficacy was compared with a commercial rejuvenator. Results showed that PR’s high content of alkenes and aromatics (e.g., limonene: 32.9 %, cymene: 20.65 %) facilitated the restoration of the maltenic fraction in bitumen and enhanced chemical interactions with the treated material. These compounds also promoted the pepticising effect on the “bee-like” structures, leading to a more homogeneous microstructure. Under optimal conditions (6 wt. % PR dosage and 30 °C), a fatigue healing index of 30 % was achieved, comparable to virgin bitumen (31 %). In tensile tests at 25 °C after 12 h, the healing index matched that of the commercial rejuvenator. These findings highlight the potential of pyro-rejuvenators as a sustainable and effective solution for the functional restoration of aged bitumen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 135747"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic mechanism of ultrasound-surfactant physicochemical coupling for multiscale coal wettability enhancement","authors":"Zhengduo Zhao ,&nbsp;Quangui Li ,&nbsp;Peng Liu ,&nbsp;Jibin Song ,&nbsp;Yuebing Zhang ,&nbsp;Guojun Xi ,&nbsp;Hu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving coal wettability is critical for advancing water injection technologies that suppress coal mine gas and respirable dust hazards. This study developed an innovative ultrasonic-surfactant combinatorial treatment (USCT) and established a multimodal characterization platform integrating FTIR, nitrogen physisorption, and low-field NMR to elucidate its multiscale mechanisms of wettability enhancement. The results reveal that the SDBS surfactant treatment induces chemisorption of hydrophilic moieties (e.g., hydroxyl and oxygenated groups) through amphiphilic assembly, and the surfactant-mediated pore-throat blockage decreases the specific surface area and pore volume by 63.32 % and 37.90 %, respectively. Ultrasound-Surfactant physicochemical synergy triggers multiscale pore architecture evolution, the coal specific surface area increases by 58.45 % (from 2.8966 to 4.5897 m²/g) and pore volume expands by 12.50 % (from 0.0136 to 0.0153 cm³/g) through ultrasonic-induced pore structure redistribution. Notably, the content of hydrophilic moieties in coal exhibits negligible variation, demonstrating stable surface chemical characteristics during pore-structure remodeling. More importantly, the steady-state equivalent wetting pore diameter (<em>R_g,48</em>) decreases from 198.31 to 115.90 nm, indicating enhanced transformation of free water to adsorbed phases through confined hydration dynamics. This phenomenon stems from synergistic physicochemical modulation: the surfactant-derived chemical potential gradient reduces the capillary pressure threshold, while ultrasonic excitation restructures nanoscale bottleneck pores (2–50 nm) to overcome surfactant-induced flow “bridging-blockage”. The findings establish a novel coupled chemoacoustic activation mechanism for optimizing coal seam water injection, achieving simultaneous wettability enhancement and permeability recovery via multiscale fluid–solid interface engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 135792"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A tandem system of Cr/HZSM-5 and bismuth-modified CeZrO2 for coupling of ethane dehydrogenation to selective H2 combustion","authors":"Ying Li,&nbsp;Haibo Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ethylene production via chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation (CL-ODH) of ethane faces a critical challenge in balancing conversion efficiency and selectivity due to competing oxygen species requirements. Here, we present a bifunctional composite catalyst (CrH/BiCZ) by physically integrating a Cr-HZSM5 (Cr-H) dehydrogenation (DH) catalyst with a Bi₂O₃-Ce_0.4Zr_0.6O₂ (Bi-CZ) selective hydrogen combustion (SHC) catalyst. This tandem system decouples ethane activation and hydrogen combustion, promoting the DH process of ethane through the <em>in situ</em> hydrogen combustion of the SHC catalyst. The Ce-Zr solid solution in Bi-CZ acts as an oxygen reservoir, enabling complete H₂ combustion within 3 min and suppressing carbon deposition. This rapid hydrogen combustion shifts the reaction equilibrium towards ethylene production. At 650 °C, the optimized CrH/BiCZ catalyst achieves 84.1 % ethylene selectivity at 43.0 % ethane conversion, and maintains exceptional stability over 36 redox cycles. This work establishes a scalable chemical looping strategy for efficient ethylene synthesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 135819"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncertainty quantification and reduction for combustion kinetic Modeling: A case study of NH3/H2 models","authors":"Gongrui Huang ,&nbsp;Hongxin Wang ,&nbsp;Liang Tian ,&nbsp;Oskar Haidn ,&nbsp;Nadezda Slavinskaya","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Variations in the selection of parameters for reaction rate constant (RRC) contributes to uncertainties in combustion kinetic models. To quantify and reduce these uncertainties, this study proposes an efficient framework integrating sensitivity analysis and Monte Carlo simulation capable of simultaneously considering numerous experimental conditions, while incorporating the probabilistic distribution of simulation errors and RRCs. In this framework, a vast number of modified models, generated based on the initial uncertainty bounds of the RRCs for highly sensitive reactions identified through a comprehensive sensitivity analysis, are used to simulate experimental measurements and obtain the distribution of prediction errors. The posterior probability distributions for each RRC are further derived, ultimately leading to the determination of reduced uncertainty bounds. The proposed framework was successfully applied to reduce the uncertainties in ammonia (NH₃)/hydrogen (H₂) models, utilizing over 2,500 experimental data points, including ignition delay times, premixed laminar flame speeds, and species concentrations. By conducting a comprehensive sensitivity analysis on 11 representative NH₃/H₂ models, 52 highly sensitive reactions contributing significantly to the uncertainty were identified. The RRCs for these 52 reactions from measurements, theoretical calculations, and reviews were collected, with their initial uncertainty bounds determined statistically. A new comprehensive NH₃/H₂ combustion kinetic model with 42 species and 346 reactions was developed and extensively validated over a wide range of conditions. Following this, the reduced uncertainty bounds of RRCs for 52 reactions were obtained through Monte Carlo simulation, resulting in the uncertainty reduction of NH₃/H₂ models, which provides valuable insights for model optimization. This framework offers a robust tool for uncertainty quantification and reduction in combustion kinetic models and can be broadly applied to other fuel systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 135810"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chlorine doped K2NiF4-type oxide as an efficient oxygen reduction catalyst for protonic ceramic fuel cells","authors":"Shujun Peng ,&nbsp;Yan Chen ,&nbsp;Xingyao Liu ,&nbsp;Song Lei ,&nbsp;Jian Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) operated at medium temperatures have attracted plenty of researches due to their many advantages, such as high efficiency for energy conversion, easier sealing, catabatic material aging, no attenuation of fuel and so on. However, the industrial application of PCFCs is greatly fettered by the development of high-performance cathodes with superior oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics. In this work, a chlorine doped K₂NiF₄-type oxide named as Pr_1.8La_0.2Ni_0.74Cu_0.21Ga_0.05O₄₊<em>_δ</em>Cl_0.1 (PLNCGCl_0.1) is developed as the cathode for PCFC according to the BaZr_0.1Ce_0.7Y_0.1Yb_0.1O₃₋<em>_δ</em> (BZCYYb) electrolyte, which demonstrates enhanced ORR kinetics, as corroborated by a series of structural analysis and electrochemical characterizations. Theoretical simulations have shown that doping Cl not only favors interstitial oxygen formation thermodynamically, but also alleviates the kinetic energy hurdle associated with the oxygen reduction reaction’s critical rate-determining step. An anode-supported PCFC with PLNCGCl_0.1 as the cathode outputs peak power density (PPD) of 1.162 W cm⁻² and the polarization resistance (R_p) is 0.069 Ω cm² at 700 °C. This work paves an efficient venue for the development of active and durable K₂NiF₄-type cathode by Cl-doping with high ORR kinetics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":325,"journal":{"name":"Fuel","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 135812"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}