Physics and Chemistry of Minerals最新文献

{"title":"Temperature-dependent infrared spectroscopy of OH defects in Verneuil-grown corundum (α-Al2O3)","authors":"Etienne Balan,&nbsp;Michael C. Jollands,&nbsp;Maxime Guillaumet,&nbsp;Keevin Béneut","doi":"10.1007/s00269-024-01301-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00269-024-01301-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The temperature dependence of the infrared absorption spectra of two Verneuil-grown corundum samples is investigated in the OH stretching range. The spectra display three main bands at 3184, 3232 and 3309 cm^− 1, belonging to the so-called “3309 cm^− 1 series”, as well as two additional bands at 3163 and 3278 cm^− 1 previously reported in some synthetic corundum samples. The anharmonic behavior of the observed bands is analyzed using the pure dephasing model of Persson and Ryberg and depends on the local geometry of the OH defects, which are all associated with Al vacancies. The unexpected increase with temperature in the absorbance of a weak band at 3209 cm^− 1 supports a revised interpretation of both the 3209 and 3232 cm^− 1 bands. These two bands are interpreted as resulting from the low-temperature equilibrium between two Ti-associated OH defects, enabled by the possibility of hydrogen hopping within the Al vacancy. The temperature-dependent properties of the 3278 cm^− 1 band are similar to those of the other Al-vacancy related defects and a comparison with the theoretical properties of selected OH defects suggests that this band corresponds to the association of the H atom with a non-dissociated Al Frenkel pair. Finally, the properties of the band at 3163 cm^− 1 are consistent with its previously proposed association with Si for Al substitution in corundum.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20132,"journal":{"name":"Physics and Chemistry of Minerals","volume":"51 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142664435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal treatment of the tourmaline Fe-rich princivalleite Na(Mn2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O","authors":"Alessandra Altieri, Riccardo Luppi, H. Skogby, U. Hålenius, G. Tempesta, Federico Pezzotta, F. Bosi","doi":"10.1007/s00269-023-01250-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00269-023-01250-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20132,"journal":{"name":"Physics and Chemistry of Minerals","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47038704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the crystallinity model and investigation of the effective factors on the crystallinity of zeolite Y using the response surface method","authors":"Mohammad Reza Ranjbar Toroghi,&nbsp;Mehdi Panahi,&nbsp;Mehdi Karimi,&nbsp;Ali Nakhaeipour,&nbsp;Ali Mohammadi","doi":"10.1007/s00269-023-01251-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00269-023-01251-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, zeolite Y was synthesized from sodium silicate, aluminum hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and distilled water under hydrothermal method. The Box–Behnken design was used as a response surface method considering seven factors affecting the crystallization of zeolite to determine the number of experiments. The linear, square and interaction effects of the factors were investigated. The factors consist of four factors for the gel composition, including the molar value of Si, Al, Na and H₂O and three factors for the synthesis conditions, including aging time, crystallization time and temperature. The XRD patterns of the synthesized samples were compared with the XRD pattern of standard zeolite Y. Among the samples, sample 50 with the highest intensity and maximum total area of 14 peaks, was selected as the reference sample and it was used to determine the relative crystallinity percentage of the remaining samples. Based on the results of the experiments, it was concluded that changes in the gel composition have a more significant effect on the response in comparison with changes in the synthesis conditions. In addition, optimization of the obtained model was carried out and a zeolite with higher relative crystallinity than the standard zeolite Y was synthesized. At the optimal point, zeolite Y was synthesized with a relative crystallinity of 117.5%. The composition of the gel was 0.59 SiO₂: 0.0563 Al₂O₃: 0.4266 Na₂O: 12.376 H₂O. The total synthesis time was 30 h.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20132,"journal":{"name":"Physics and Chemistry of Minerals","volume":"50 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42021032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2M1 phlogopite–muscovite series minerals at increasing pressure to 9 GPa. I Atomic volumes and compressibilities","authors":"Alfonso Hernández-Laguna,&nbsp;Isaac Vidal-Daza,&nbsp;Antonio Sánchez-Navas,&nbsp;Claro Ignacio Sainz-Díaz","doi":"10.1007/s00269-023-01248-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00269-023-01248-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Muscovite (Ms) and phlogopite (Phl) series mineral is studied in the 2<i>M</i>₁ polytype and modeled by the substitution of three Mg²⁺ cations in the three octahedral sites of Phl [KMg₃(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂] by two Al³⁺ and one vacancy, increasing the substitution up to reach the Ms [KAl₂□(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂]. The series was computationally examined at DFT using Quantum ESPRESSO, as a function of pressure from − 3 to 9 GPa. Crystal structure is calculated, and cell parameters, and geometry of atomic groups agree with experimental values. OH in the Mg²⁺ octahedrons are approximately perpendicular to the (001) plane, meanwhile when they are in Al³⁺, octahedral groups are approximately parallel to this plane. From Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules, the atomic basins are calculated as a function of the pressure, K⁺ and basal O show the largest volumes. The bulk excess volume (Vxs) and the excess atomic volumes are analyzed as a function of the composition and the pressure. K⁺, basal and apical O Vxs show a behavior similar to the bulk Vxs as a function of the composition, keeping qualitatively this behavior as a function of pressure; substituent atoms do not show a Vxs behavior similar to the bulk and their effect consequently is mostly translated to atoms in the interlayer space. Atomic compressibilities are also calculated. Atomic compressibilities are separated in the different sheets of the crystal cell. Atomic moduli of K and basal O are the lowest and the ones behaving as the bulk modulus of the series. The atomic bulk modulus of the H’s is different depending of their position with respect to the (001) plane.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20132,"journal":{"name":"Physics and Chemistry of Minerals","volume":"50 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00269-023-01248-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4200289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamics of schafarzikite (FeSb2O(_4)) and tripuhyite (FeSbO(_4))","authors":"Juraj Majzlan,&nbsp;Marek Tuhý,&nbsp;Edgar Dachs,&nbsp;Artur Benisek","doi":"10.1007/s00269-023-01249-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00269-023-01249-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, we investigated the thermodynamic properties of synthetic schafarzikite (FeSb₂O<span>(_4)</span>) and tripuhyite (FeSbO<span>(_4)</span>). Low-temperature heat capacity (<span>(C_p)</span>) was determined by relaxation calorimetry. From these data, third-law entropy was calculated as <span>(110.7pm 1.3)</span> J mol<span>(^{-1})</span>K<span>(^{-1})</span> for tripuhyite and <span>(187.1pm 2.2)</span> J mol<span>(^{-1})</span> K<span>(^{-1})</span> for schafarzikite. Using previously published <span>(Delta _fG^o)</span> values for both phases, we calculated their <span>(Delta _fH^o)</span> as <span>(-947.8pm 2.2)</span> for tripuhyite and <span>(-1061.2pm 4.4)</span> for schafarzikite. The accuracy of the data sets was tested by entropy estimates and calculation of <span>(Delta _fH^o)</span> from estimated lattice energies (via Kapustinskii equation). Measurements of <span>(C_p)</span> above <span>(T = 300)</span> K were augmented by extrapolation to <span>(T = 700)</span> K with the frequencies of acoustic and optic modes, using the Kieffer <span>(C_p)</span> model. A set of equilibrium constants (<span>(log K)</span>) for tripuhyite, schafarzikite, and several related phases was calculated and presented in a format that can be employed in commonly used geochemical codes. Calculations suggest that tripuhyite has a stability field that extends over a wide range of pH-p<span>(epsilon)</span> conditions at <span>(T = 298.15)</span> K. Schafarzikite and hydrothermal oxides of antimony (valentinite, kermesite, and senarmontite) can form by oxidative dissolution and remobilization of pre-existing stibnite ores.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20132,"journal":{"name":"Physics and Chemistry of Minerals","volume":"50 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00269-023-01249-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4200283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-spinel transition of Fe2SiO4 ahrensite at high pressure and high temperature","authors":"Masaki Akaogi,&nbsp;Natsuki Miyazaki,&nbsp;Taisuke Tajima,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kojitani","doi":"10.1007/s00269-023-01247-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00269-023-01247-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Phase relations for dissociation of spinel-structured Fe₂SiO₄ ahrensite to FeO wüstite + SiO₂ stishovite have been determined up to 20 GPa and 1400 °C under the iron-wüstite buffer conditions by multianvil high-pressure and high-temperature experiments. The dissociation boundary determined is expressed by P (GPa) = 19.6 (± 1.0) – 3.0 (± 0.8) × 10⁻³ T (°C). The boundary with the negative dP/dT slope is placed by ~ 1–4 GPa at lower pressure at 1000–1200 °C than the previously determined boundaries whose slopes ranged from strongly positive to weakly negative. Thermodynamic calculation based on available thermodynamic data of ahrensite, wüstite and stishovite has provided the dissociation boundary which is in good agreement within the errors with that experimentally determined in this study. By combining the post-spinel phase relations in Fe₂SiO₄ determined in this study with available phase relations in the Fe₂SiO₄-Mg₂SiO₄ system, it is suggested that natural Fe₂SiO₄-rich ahrensite crystals found in the shocked Umbarger L6 chondrite crystallized in shock-induced melt pockets of the FeO- and SiO₂-rich composition at pressures below ~ 13–16 GPa and above ~ 9–12 GPa in the shock process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20132,"journal":{"name":"Physics and Chemistry of Minerals","volume":"50 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4577573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elasticity of natural aragonite samples by Brillouin spectroscopy","authors":"Lea Pennacchioni,&nbsp;Sergio Speziale,&nbsp;Björn Winkler","doi":"10.1007/s00269-023-01244-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00269-023-01244-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The single-crystal elastic moduli of three natural aragonites, CaCO₃, have been determined at ambient conditions by Brillouin spectroscopy. The samples contain different amounts of Sr ranging from 0.1 mol% to 1.5 mol% and cover the majority of the compositional range of natural aragonites. Brillouin spectroscopy can resolve changes in elasticity produced by small differences in the Sr content in aragonite, however, these changes are at the limit of the resolving power of our measurements. Our results are in good agreement with the full tensor of a Sr-bearing natural aragonite determined by Brillouin spectroscopy and with the tensor obtained by DFT calculations. The decrease we measured of the aggregate adiabatic bulk modulus, <span>(K_S)</span>, with increasing Sr content is qualitatively in good agreement with the softening observed in previously measured isothermal bulk modulus, <span>(K_T)</span>, of synthetic CaCO₃-SrCO₃ solid solutions and with the value of <span>(K_S)</span> determined for SrCO₃. Our study provides the first full tensor on nominally pure (end-member) aragonite and places contraints on its dependence on Ca/Sr substitutions at levels observed in natural samples. Furthermore, we compare the elastic tensor of aragonite and calcite, the two main CaCO₃ polymorphs observed at ambient conditions, and describe their differences based on the arrangement of the polyhedral structural units of the two polymorphs. In particular, the different arrangement of the Ca-O polyhedra leads to a smaller compressibility of aragonite along the <i>c</i>-axis, higher compressibilities along the <i>a</i>- and <i>b</i>-axes and an overall lower bulk modulus (<span>(-)</span>9.7%) with respect to that of the less dense calcite.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20132,"journal":{"name":"Physics and Chemistry of Minerals","volume":"50 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4496202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-temperature behavior of quartz-in-garnet system revealed by in situ Raman spectroscopy","authors":"Marta Morana,&nbsp;Ross J. Angel,&nbsp;Matteo Alvaro,&nbsp;Boriana Mihailova","doi":"10.1007/s00269-023-01246-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00269-023-01246-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quartz is one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth crust and therefore quartz inclusions in garnet are of great interest for elastic geobarometry, an approach that exploits the elastic properties of the mineral pair to back-calculate the conditions of inclusion entrapment. However, the high-temperature behavior of quartz inclusions close to the <span>(alpha)</span>–<span>(beta)</span> transition boundary has not been studied experimentally. We have therefore performed in situ high-temperature Raman spectroscopy on a quartz-in-garnet system up to 1000 K, and have also collected an improved reference data set for the temperature dependence of the Raman scattering of free quartz. Our results show that the <span>(alpha)</span>-to-<span>(beta)</span> phase transition is hindered by the stress imposed by the host on the quartz inclusion, resulting in a thermosalient effect of the whole host-inclusion system or a mechanical cracking of the host mineral.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20132,"journal":{"name":"Physics and Chemistry of Minerals","volume":"50 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00269-023-01246-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4301368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single crystals of phenakite-like Be2(Si1−xGex)O4 solid solution: novel experimental data on hydrothermal crystal growth, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy study","authors":"Valentin Kovalev,&nbsp;Victor Thomas,&nbsp;Tatiana Setkova,&nbsp;Natalia Zubkova,&nbsp;Anna Spivak,&nbsp;Dmitry Fursenko,&nbsp;Vasiliy Yapaskurt,&nbsp;Alexander Antipin,&nbsp;Elena Borovikova","doi":"10.1007/s00269-023-01245-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00269-023-01245-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The pioneering hydrothermal synthesis of the compound Be₂[(Si_1−<i>x</i>Ge_<i>x</i>)O₄] with a phenakite structure (the size of individual crystals up to 1 mm) was carried out in acidic alkaline-containing fluoride solutions at a temperature of 625 °C and a pressure of ~ 150 MPa. Uniform (<i>x = </i>0, 0.80 and 1) and zonal (<i>x = </i>0.04 − 0.025) Be₂[(Si_1−<i>x</i>Ge_<i>x</i>)O₄] crystals synthesized in the Li-containing mineralizer were obtained. The possibility of formation of intermediate compounds under hydrothermal conditions remains an open question. In the Na-containing mineralizer, only Be₂SiO₄ crystallizes due to the formation of insoluble sodium germanates. The fading of formation of Be₂[(Si_1−<i>x</i>Ge_<i>x</i>)O₄] was determined with the use of technique of temperature-induced zoning and can be explained by the fact that newly formed crystals screen the surface of the initial BeO. The instantaneous growth rates of the prismatic faces of Ge-substituted phenakite crystals, decreasing from 18 microns/day to 2, were determined using the technique of temperature-induced zonality. The crystal structures of Be₂[(Si_1−<i>x</i>Ge_<i>x</i>)O₄] samples with <i>x = </i>0, 0.80 and 1 were refined by direct X-ray diffraction methods, and the linear dependence of the unit cell parameters and bond lengths on the germanium content has been quantitively described. First Raman spectroscopy study of Be₂[(Si_1−<i>x</i>Ge_<i>x</i>)O₄] on zonal crystals indicated the linear shift of vibration bands in Raman spectra to a lower frequencies with an increase in germanium concentration (<i>x</i> up to 0.25). A new Raman band of Ge–O stretching vibrations at ~ 1115 cm⁻¹, which is not common for natural and synthetic germanium-free phenakites, was observed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20132,"journal":{"name":"Physics and Chemistry of Minerals","volume":"50 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4124248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sound velocity and elastic properties of Fe–Ni–S–Si liquid: the effects of pressure and multiple light elements","authors":"Iori Yamada,&nbsp;Hidenori Terasaki,&nbsp;Satoru Urakawa,&nbsp;Tadashi Kondo,&nbsp;Akihiko Machida,&nbsp;Yoshinori Tange,&nbsp;Yuji Higo","doi":"10.1007/s00269-023-01243-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00269-023-01243-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fe–Ni–S–Si alloy is considered to be one of the plausible candidates of Mercury core material. Elastic properties of Fe–Ni–S–Si liquid are important to reveal the density profile of the Mercury core. In this study, we measured the P-wave velocity (<i>V</i>_<i>P</i>) of Fe–Ni–S–Si (Fe₇₃Ni₁₀S₁₀Si₇, Fe₇₂Ni₁₀S₅Si₁₃, and Fe₆₇Ni₁₀S₁₀Si₁₃) liquids up to 17 GPa and 2000 K to study the effects of pressure, temperature, and multiple light elements (S and Si) on the <i>V</i>_<i>P</i> and elastic properties.</p><p>The <i>V</i>_<i>P</i> of Fe–Ni–S–Si liquids are less sensitive to temperature. The effect of pressure on the <i>V</i>_<i>P</i> are close to that of liquid Fe and smaller than those of Fe–Ni–S and Fe–Ni–Si liquids. Obtained elastic properties are <i>K</i>_<i>S0</i> = 99.1(9.4) GPa, <i>K</i>_<i>S</i><i>’</i> = 3.8(0.1) and <i>ρ</i>_<i>0</i> =6.48 g/cm³ for S-rich Fe₇₃Ni₁₀S₁₀Si₇ liquid and <i>K</i>_<i>S0</i> = 112.1(1.5) GPa, <i>K</i>_<i>S</i>’ = 4.0(0.1) and <i>ρ</i>_<i>0</i>=6.64 g/cm³ for Si-rich Fe₇₂Ni₁₀S₅Si₁₃ liquid. The <i>V</i>_<i>P</i> of Fe–Ni–S–Si liquids locate in between those of Fe–Ni–S and Fe–Ni–Si liquids. This suggests that the effect of multiple light element (S and Si) on the <i>V</i>_<i>P</i> is suppressed and cancel out the effects of single light elements (S and Si) on the <i>V</i>_<i>P</i>. The effect of composition on the EOS in the Fe–Ni–S–Si system is indispensable to estimate the core composition combined with the geodesy data of upcoming Mercury mission.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20132,"journal":{"name":"Physics and Chemistry of Minerals","volume":"50 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00269-023-01243-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4391302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}