npj Climate and Atmospheric Science最新文献

Emissions and potential tracer screening of semivolatile/intermediate-volatility organic compounds from urban vehicle fleets 城市车辆中半挥发性/中间挥发性有机化合物的排放和潜在示踪剂筛选

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01078-w

Yajun Wu, Jianfei Peng, Xiaoguo Wang, Peiji Liu, Yan Liu, Fuyang Zhang, Jinsheng Zhang, Bin Sun, Jingqiao Zhang, Kai Song, Pengfei Song, Lin Wu, Ting Wang, Song Guo, Hongjun Mao

{"title":"Emissions and potential tracer screening of semivolatile/intermediate-volatility organic compounds from urban vehicle fleets","authors":"Yajun Wu, Jianfei Peng, Xiaoguo Wang, Peiji Liu, Yan Liu, Fuyang Zhang, Jinsheng Zhang, Bin Sun, Jingqiao Zhang, Kai Song, Pengfei Song, Lin Wu, Ting Wang, Song Guo, Hongjun Mao","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01078-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01078-w","url":null,"abstract":"Semi-/intermediate volatile organic compounds (S/IVOCs) are important precursors for secondary organic aerosols (SOA) and ozone formation. Vehicle emissions from real-world vehicle fleets are significant anthropogenic source, but their emission profiles and chemical fingerprints remain inadequately characterized. Here, we combined tunnel observation with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry to investigate vehicular S/IVOCs emissions. We identified 256 vehicle-related compounds with fleet-average emission factors (EFs) of 16.4 ± 12.1 mg·km−1·veh−1, comprising 67.2% VOCs, 24.3% IVOCs, and 8.5% SVOCs. VOCs accounted for the majority of ozone formation potential (OFP, 84.8%), whereas VOCs, IVOCs, and SVOCs contributed to SOA formation potential at different times. Importantly, our speciated-based SOA estimation enhanced SOA production estimates by 44.1–76.9% compared to traditional approach. We identified eight potential vehicle-related tracers in S/IVOC range through volcano plots and hierarchical clustering analysis, which could benefit future source apportionments. Our work also offers a novel perspective for screening tracers from various sources beyond vehicle-related emissions.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144066992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing direct radiative effect of aging black carbon using an advanced aerosol optics module AI-NAOS and the climate model CAM6 利用先进气溶胶光学模块AI-NAOS和气候模式CAM6评估老化黑碳的直接辐射效应

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01080-2

Xuan Wang, Xingru Wu, Lei Bi

{"title":"Assessing direct radiative effect of aging black carbon using an advanced aerosol optics module AI-NAOS and the climate model CAM6","authors":"Xuan Wang, Xingru Wu, Lei Bi","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01080-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01080-2","url":null,"abstract":"Large uncertainties still exist in the estimation of black carbon (BC) radiative forcing due to incomplete representation of BC optical properties. To address this, this study employed the AI-based nonspherical aerosol optical scheme (AI-NAOS), coupled with the Community Atmosphere Model version 6 (CAM6), to comprehensively estimate the optical properties of the aging BC and its direct radiative effect (DRE). The AI-NAOS was obtained from a database of accurate optical properties of encapsulated fractal aggregates computed from the invariant imbedding T-matrix method (IITM). With this scheme, the aging progress of BC in the CAM6 can be explicitly resolved by the volume fraction and the optical properties can be efficiently inferred from the deep neural network (DNN) in real time. Based on decadal-long simulations from 2010 to 2020, the BC DRE of fractal aggregates was estimated to be +0.3 w/m2 globally and +1.3 w/m2 over East Asia, representing decreases of 40.0% and 38.1%, respectively, compared to spherical assumptions. Additionally, an idealized scenario was considered where BC quantities were increased tenfold. In this scenario, the aging process was minimized due to insufficient hygroscopic aerosols for encapsulating BC aerosols. Compared to the normal scenario, the incremental ratio of radiative effects based on the fractal aggregate model was 11.1 globally and 9.1 over East Asia, whereas it was 7.6 globally and 5.3 over East Asia based on spherical assumptions. These results indicate that, compared to spherical assumptions, stronger enhancement of BC DRE could be produced using more realistic models in scenarios with higher BC emission. Whether the radiative effect is reduced or enhanced using realistic particle models depend on the competing roles of particle nonsphericity and encapsulation (lensing effect) in influencing BC absorption capabilities.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Linking the subseasonal variability of the East Asia winter monsoon and the Madden-Julian Oscillation through wave disturbances along the subtropical jet 从副热带急流的波浪扰动看东亚冬季风的亚季节变率与马登-朱利安涛动的联系

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01076-y

Junyi Xiu, Xianan Jiang, Renhe Zhang

{"title":"Linking the subseasonal variability of the East Asia winter monsoon and the Madden-Julian Oscillation through wave disturbances along the subtropical jet","authors":"Junyi Xiu, Xianan Jiang, Renhe Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01076-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01076-y","url":null,"abstract":"Despite an urgent demand for reliable subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) predictions to guide disaster preparedness, our current climate models show limited S2S prediction skill, particularly for precipitation, due to an inadequate understanding of the key processes that drive regional S2S variability. Here we demonstrate that the leading subseasonal variability mode of precipitation over the East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM) region is not only closely tied to the activity of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), but also linked to precipitation and temperature extremes worldwide, influenced by a circumglobal Rossby wave-train along the subtropical westerly jet. Despite a close phase-lock relationship between the MJO and subseasonal EAWM precipitation, our findings indicate that the MJO itself may only play a minor role in the subseasonal EAWM variability. Given its significant impact on the S2S variability of global weather extremes, we call for coordinated community efforts to enhance the understanding and prediction of the circumglobal Rossby wave-train.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144066989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A model assessment of the relationship between urban greening and ozone air quality in China: a study of three metropolitan regions 中国城市绿化与臭氧空气质量关系的模型评价——以三个大都市区为例

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01054-4

Jiawei Xu, Ben Silver, Rong Tang, Nan Wang, Xin Huang, Aijun Ding, Steve R. Arnold

{"title":"A model assessment of the relationship between urban greening and ozone air quality in China: a study of three metropolitan regions","authors":"Jiawei Xu, Ben Silver, Rong Tang, Nan Wang, Xin Huang, Aijun Ding, Steve R. Arnold","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01054-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01054-4","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of biogenic emissions on ozone (O3) has significant implications for air quality management. We analyze biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions resulting from urban greening in three major Chinese cities, and impacts on tropospheric ozone. Urban greening BVOCs contributed 1.9 ppb (2.5%), 1.9 ppb (3.3%), and 3.6 ppb (5.9%) to O3 formation in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, respectively. Temperature-driven enhancement in urban BVOCs produces significantly enhanced O3 on hot days. Guangzhou shows the highest summer temperatures, and the impact of the BVOC isoprene on O3 is more significant. The urban BVOC contribution to O3 is concentrated downwind of each city, due to transport processes. Estimated O3-related mortality in the cities was 900–2000 people during summertime, with 6–14% of the O3-related deaths attributable to urban BVOC emissions. The potential contribution of urban isoprene-emitting vegetation to air quality should be considered alongside the potential benefits of urban greening in future policy-making decisions.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144066294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Methane emissions from industrial wastewater treatment systems decoupling from industrial growth in China over the past two decades 过去二十年，中国工业废水处理系统的甲烷排放与工业增长脱钩

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01074-0

Ying Chen, Haiyan Li, Lu Lu

{"title":"Methane emissions from industrial wastewater treatment systems decoupling from industrial growth in China over the past two decades","authors":"Ying Chen, Haiyan Li, Lu Lu","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01074-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01074-0","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial wastewater typically contains high concentrations of contaminants and should be treated before being released into the environment, discharged to a sewer, or recycled for reuse. Large amounts of greenhouse gases are produced during the treatment processes of industrial wastewater, yet are scarcely considered in the emission estimation of the wastewater sector. Here, we present a comprehensive methane (CH4) emission inventory for industrial wastewater treatment in China from 2000 to 2021, employing industry-specific emission factors (EF), contrasting with previous estimations that rely on a uniform EF without differentiating between industries. We demonstrate here that total CH4 emissions from industrial wastewater treatment in China were 2.4 Tg in 2000 and 1.4 Tg in 2021, showing an increasing trend during 2000–2012 and a substantial decline afterward, which is attributed to government-led control measures aimed at promoting cleaner production practices and optimizing industrial structures. Eastern coastal provinces exhibit higher emissions than inland regions, with Shandong, Zhejiang, Henan, and Jiangsu collectively contributing more than 50% of total emissions. We identify the Textile and Light Industry as the pivotal sector for mitigating CH4 emissions from industrial wastewater treatment. This sector is responsible for 82.9% of total CH4 emissions, despite contributing less than 19.0% to the national total value-added industrial output. By 2035, around 48% of CH4 emissions from industrial wastewater treatment could be reduced, primarily driven by stringent mitigation measures in the Textile and Light Industry. Our study reveals a decoupling relationship between CH4 emissions from industrial wastewater treatment and industrial growth and proposes the Textile and Light Industry as a priority sector for CH4 mitigation efforts.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143945766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shifts of future tropical cyclone genesis date in north atlantic and north pacific basins: an ensemble modeling investigation 北大西洋和北太平洋盆地未来热带气旋形成日期的变化：一个集合模式研究

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01077-x

Dazhi Xi, Hiroyuki Murakami, Ning Lin, Michael Oppenheimer

引用次数: 0

From cause to consequence: examining the historic April 2024 rainstorm in the United Arab Emirates through the lens of climate change 从原因到后果：从气候变化的角度审视阿拉伯联合酋长国2024年4月历史性的暴雨

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01073-1

Diana Francis, Ricardo Fonseca, Narendra Nelli, Charfeddine Cherif, Yesobu Yarragunta, George Zittis, Andries Jan de Vries

引用次数: 0

Adaptive high-resolution mapping of air pollution with a novel implicit 3D representation approach 空气污染的自适应高分辨率映射与一种新的隐式三维表示方法

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01044-6

Ting Zhang, Bo Zheng, Ruqi Huang

{"title":"Adaptive high-resolution mapping of air pollution with a novel implicit 3D representation approach","authors":"Ting Zhang, Bo Zheng, Ruqi Huang","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01044-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01044-6","url":null,"abstract":"Mapping air pollution at high spatial resolution is essential for understanding, managing, and mitigating the adverse impacts of air pollution. Current air pollution monitoring approaches suffer from limited spatial coverage and resolution. Artificial intelligence holds great promise for tackling these challenges, yet its application in air pollution monitoring remains nascent, facing limited transferability regarding low-quality labeled and non-uniform spread data. Here, we introduce Height-Field Signed Distance Function (HF-SDF), an innovative 3D implicit representation, to reconstruct air pollution concentration maps from coarse, incomplete data, which achieves both extensive spatial coverage and fine-scale results with powerful transferability. HF-SDF learns a continuous and transferable mapping model that integrates an auto-decoder network with a geometric constraint, offering flexible resolution. The evaluation uses reanalysis data and satellite observations, reaching accuracy rates of 96% and 91%, respectively. HF-SDF reveals immense promise in advancing air pollution monitoring by offering insights into the spatial heterogeneity of pollution distributions.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143940670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AirGPT: pioneering the convergence of conversational AI with atmospheric science AirGPT：引领对话AI与大气科学的融合

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01070-4

Jun Song, Chendong Ma, Maohao Ran

引用次数: 0

Intensifying stratified turbulence and mixing towards the oceanic submesoscale front 面向海洋亚中尺度锋的层状湍流和混合增强

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01069-x

Qunshu Tang, Jianmin Lin, Wen Xu, Zhiyou Jing, Vincent C. H. Tong

{"title":"Intensifying stratified turbulence and mixing towards the oceanic submesoscale front","authors":"Qunshu Tang, Jianmin Lin, Wen Xu, Zhiyou Jing, Vincent C. H. Tong","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01069-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01069-x","url":null,"abstract":"The role of submesoscale processes as the primary energy source for ocean turbulence remains controversial due to observational limitations. Seismic imaging captures multi-scale processes from mesoscale to finescale, allowing us to infer turbulence processes. This study identified hundreds of ~200-m-long high seismic reflection patches, primarily caused by vertical temperature changes, moving at 0.24 ± 0.13 m/s across the deep-reaching front of Bransfield Current, Antarctica. Patch distribution within the main current is uneven, increasing exponentially towards the frontal leading edge. Over 95% of the detected patches are concentrated within 10 km from the frontal leading edge, where elevated Thorpe-scale diffusivity exceeding 10−2 m2/s has been observed hydrographically. These patches may indicate stratified turbulence, including broken internal wave segments, interleaving interfaces, and overturns, which may correspond to wave breaking, frontal instability, and shear instability, respectively. Our findings challenge the recently questioned classical hypothesis that energy cascades directly from internal waves to isotropic turbulence, instead supporting the paradigm of a stratified turbulence stage.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143933482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0