npj Climate and Atmospheric Science最新文献_第2页

Decadal variability of summer extreme heat in central-eastern China and its synergistic effects by the North Atlantic and tropical western Pacific SST 中国中东部夏季极端高温的年代际变化及其北大西洋和热带西太平洋海温的协同效应

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01092-y

Tiejun Xie, Hui Gao, Ting Ding, Xintong Chen, Wei Wang

{"title":"Decadal variability of summer extreme heat in central-eastern China and its synergistic effects by the North Atlantic and tropical western Pacific SST","authors":"Tiejun Xie, Hui Gao, Ting Ding, Xintong Chen, Wei Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01092-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01092-y","url":null,"abstract":"It was found that the Central-eastern China’s summer extreme heat (CECSH) has a decadal variability with a cycle of about 70 years and is significantly positively correlated with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) core area sea surface temperature (SST; AMOCORE) and the tropical western Pacific SST (WPSST) in boreal summer. Diagnostic analyses such as synergistic diagnostic and linear baroclinic model (LBM) experiments show that the warm AMOCORE and WPSST in boreal summer can generate the localized heat dome (HD) over Mongolia to northeast China by exciting local convection and subsequent propagation, respectively, which in turn directly influences the CECSH decadal variability through compression of the atmosphere and temperature transport. The empirical models of the CECSH decadal variability were constructed based on the AMOCORE or the WPSST separately and synergistically considering both, and the empirical model considering the synergistic effects of the AMOCORE and the WPSST had better simulation capability.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Significant N-containing brown carbon emission from heavy-duty diesel vehicles revealed by the molecular and chromophore analysis using ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry 超高分辨率质谱分析揭示了重型柴油车大量含氮棕色碳排放

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01034-8

Xiao He, Xuan Zheng, Bin Jiang, Xubing Cao, Ting Chen, Shuwen Guo, Zhiyuan Li, Yan Ding, Shaojun Zhang, Yuan Cheng, Jingkun Jiang, Shuxiao Wang, Ye Wu

{"title":"Significant N-containing brown carbon emission from heavy-duty diesel vehicles revealed by the molecular and chromophore analysis using ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry","authors":"Xiao He, Xuan Zheng, Bin Jiang, Xubing Cao, Ting Chen, Shuwen Guo, Zhiyuan Li, Yan Ding, Shaojun Zhang, Yuan Cheng, Jingkun Jiang, Shuxiao Wang, Ye Wu","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01034-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01034-8","url":null,"abstract":"Brown carbon (BrC) holds scientific significance by influencing radiative balance, cloud condensation dynamics, and regional air quality. This study demonstrated that heavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDDVs) emit substantially higher levels of light-absorbing carbonaceous aerosols under aggressive conditions, such as frequent acceleration and high-speed phases, by investigating the emission profiles, formula distribution, and chromophore characteristics under various driving conditions. A non-targeted analysis of BrC was performed using Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry coupled with a soft electrospray ionization source. The light absorption properties were assessed and revealed significantly higher light absorption during frequent acceleration and high-speed phases compared to low-speed phases. Formula distribution analysis highlighted a substantial presence of nitrogen-containing species, constituting 53–65% of the identified peaks, with high O/N ratios ((ge) 3), double bond equivalent values (DBE > 10), and aromaticity equivalent (Xc (ge) 2.5), which indicated the substantial contribution of aromatic structures, condensed aromatics, and nitrooxy functionalities to BrC chromophores.<figure></figure>","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemical composition and mixing state of elemental carbon-containing particles from solid fuel combustion 固体燃料燃烧产生的含碳单质颗粒的化学组成和混合状态

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01015-x

Yajing Kong, Qiyuan Wang, Li Li, Yang Zhang, Jie Tian, Nan Ma, Yaqing Zhou, Huikun Liu, Jiawen Liu, Weikang Ran, Jiarui Liu, Chongshu Zhu, Yongming Han, Junji Cao

{"title":"Chemical composition and mixing state of elemental carbon-containing particles from solid fuel combustion","authors":"Yajing Kong, Qiyuan Wang, Li Li, Yang Zhang, Jie Tian, Nan Ma, Yaqing Zhou, Huikun Liu, Jiawen Liu, Weikang Ran, Jiarui Liu, Chongshu Zhu, Yongming Han, Junji Cao","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01015-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01015-x","url":null,"abstract":"Elemental carbon (EC), predominantly produced by solid fuel combustion, significantly influences both climate and public health. However, the physicochemical properties of EC-containing particles immediately after emission remain inadequately understood. This study investigates the chemical composition, size distribution, and mixing state of EC-containing particles from five solid fuels: wheat, corn, rice straw, bituminous coal, and anthracite. Using a single-particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS), we identified seven distinct EC-containing particle types. Our results show that biomass burning primarily produces EC-containing particles obviously coated with organic carbon (EC-OC) and organic nitrogen (EC-CN), with sizes concentrated between 0.4 and 1.0 μm. In contrast, bituminous coal emissions are dominated by sodium-rich EC-containing particles (EC-Na), while anthracite combustion predominantly produces particles coated with sulfate or nitrate (EC-NS). Bituminous coal particles are generally smaller ( < 0.4 μm), likely due to higher volatile content and rapid pyrolysis. The mixing states of EC-containing particles varied markedly. Sulfate (97HSO4−) was strongly associated with EC-OC and EC-Na particles, resulting in a highly mixing state. Levoglucosan (59C2H3O2−) showed distinct patterns between biomass and coal emissions. These findings provide critical insights into the physicochemical properties of freshly emitted EC-containing aerosols, offering valuable references for atmospheric particle analysis and emission characterization.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Importance of fluvial inflows in the intra-lake heterogeneity of surface water temperatures on the Tibetan Plateau 河流流入对青藏高原湖内地表水温度异质性的重要性

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01083-z

Bingqing Du, Jing Zhou, Deliang Chen, Hu Liu, Baoyan Liu, Ruishun Liu, Lei Wang

{"title":"Importance of fluvial inflows in the intra-lake heterogeneity of surface water temperatures on the Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Bingqing Du, Jing Zhou, Deliang Chen, Hu Liu, Baoyan Liu, Ruishun Liu, Lei Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01083-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01083-z","url":null,"abstract":"Lakes on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are highly responsive to environmental change. Spatiotemporal variations in the lake surface water temperature (LSWT) significantly impact regional ecosystem stability, carbon cycling, and regional climate. However, due to limited observations, the intra-lake heterogeneity of LSWT and its driving forces remain unclear. By employing multi-source datasets, especially observation-constrained LSWT and lake inflow data, along with the random forest method, we analyzed three TP lakes (Nam Co, Siling Co, and Paiku Co) during 2001‒2019. No evident inter-annual LSWT changes were detected. Lake inflow (up to 40% contribution) was the main driver of LSWT variations from July to November, followed by air temperature. Spatially, LSWT intra-lake heterogeneity varied among lakes, with Siling Co showing the largest difference (nearly 4 °C) in autumn, mainly caused by river inflow locations and lake bathymetry. This study improves our understanding of the spatiotemporal variations of LWST for high-mountain lakes, providing insights for climate-change adaptation and water resources management.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of O3 and PM2.5 evolution along the cold wave passage in Eastern China 中国东部冷潮通道O3和PM2.5演变机制

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01088-8

Min Shao, Changhui Xu, Shun Lv, Xueren Jin, Qing Mu, Jialei Zhu

引用次数: 0

Downscaling top-down CO2 emissions and sinks in China empowered by hybrid training 通过混合动力培训，降低中国自上而下的二氧化碳排放和汇

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01071-3

Junting Zhong, Deying Wang, Lifeng Guo, Changhong Miao, Da Zhang, Fei Yu, Weihua Pan, Fugang Li, Bo Peng, Lichun Li, Lei Ren, Lingyun Zhu, Yan Chen, Chongyuan Wu, Jiaying Li, Xiliang Zhang, Xiaoye Zhang

{"title":"Downscaling top-down CO2 emissions and sinks in China empowered by hybrid training","authors":"Junting Zhong, Deying Wang, Lifeng Guo, Changhong Miao, Da Zhang, Fei Yu, Weihua Pan, Fugang Li, Bo Peng, Lichun Li, Lei Ren, Lingyun Zhu, Yan Chen, Chongyuan Wu, Jiaying Li, Xiliang Zhang, Xiaoye Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01071-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01071-3","url":null,"abstract":"Atmospheric CO2-based top-down approaches enable objective evaluation of climate mitigation efforts but face dual constraints: sparse monitoring limits spatial resolution, while emission heterogeneity hampers downscaling. To enhance downscaling accuracy, we present a hybrid training method integrating multi-resolution inverse fluxes—national-scale coarse grids with fine-scale grids (Shanxi/Jiangsu). Experiments show hybrid training outperforms conventional approaches, increasing R² from 0.56 to 0.61 with 2.7%-area fine grids and reducing prediction biases compared to data fusion without high-resolution inputs while vastly exceeding nearest-neighbor interpolation (R² = 0.39). By combining gap-filled CO/NO2 columns, nighttime lights, population density, vegetation indices, and meteorological data, we downscaled national 45 km eight-day CO2 fluxes to daily 10 km resolution. The derived dataset reveals emission inequities: top 20% cities contribute more than 50% of national emissions, exposing regional capacity disparities. This framework leverages expanding CO2 monitoring networks to progressively refine spatiotemporal resolution, enabling city-level verification of mitigation actions.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Continental shelf area inundation drove reduced temperature seasonality in East Asia during the last deglaciation 在最后一次冰期期间，大陆架面积的淹没导致东亚地区温度季节性减弱

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01091-z

Yanan Ma, Weiyi Sun, Jian Liu, Liang Ning, Deliang Chen, Kan Zhao, Xianqiang Meng, Mi Yan, Huayu Lu

{"title":"Continental shelf area inundation drove reduced temperature seasonality in East Asia during the last deglaciation","authors":"Yanan Ma, Weiyi Sun, Jian Liu, Liang Ning, Deliang Chen, Kan Zhao, Xianqiang Meng, Mi Yan, Huayu Lu","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01091-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01091-z","url":null,"abstract":"East Asia (EA) has experienced a decreasing trend in the summer-to-winter temperature difference (temperature seasonality) in the context of ongoing global warming. However, the impacts of natural external forcing remain unclear. The last deglaciation, marked by substantial global warming, provides a paleoclimate context for understanding the roles of natural forcing in EA temperature seasonality changes. Here, using transient simulations (iTraCE), we demonstrate that EA experienced greater winter warming compared to summer during the last deglaciation, supported by paleo-climatic reconstructions. Sensitivity experiments indicate that the inundation of continental shelf area due to rising sea-level played a critical role in driving these differential warming trends. Further quantifications highlight the contributions of greater heat capacity instead of reduced surface albedo of the expanded ocean area. Resulting atmospheric responses expanded the seasonality change to EA landmass by cloud‒radiation feedback and temperature advection processes. These findings provide insight into the potential climatic impacts of sea-level rise under ongoing global warming.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nonlinear responses of the South Asian High to the Asian tropopause aerosol layer in summer 南亚高压对夏季亚洲对流层顶气溶胶层的非线性响应

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01085-x

Yuanjing Song, Wenshou Tian, Kai Qie, Yifeng Peng, Songjie Mao

引用次数: 0

Heterogeneity in ice sheets- vs. monsoon rainfall-induced silicate weathering from high to low latitudes 从高纬度到低纬度冰盖与季风降雨诱导的硅酸盐风化的异质性

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01079-9

Xuguang Feng, Jianjun Zou, Xuefa Shi, Zhengyao Lu, Hai Cheng, Yi Zhong, Zhengquan Yao, Zhaojie Yu, Hanying Li, Zhi Dong, Debo Zhao, Han Feng, Jiang Dong, Kunshan Wang

{"title":"Heterogeneity in ice sheets- vs. monsoon rainfall-induced silicate weathering from high to low latitudes","authors":"Xuguang Feng, Jianjun Zou, Xuefa Shi, Zhengyao Lu, Hai Cheng, Yi Zhong, Zhengquan Yao, Zhaojie Yu, Hanying Li, Zhi Dong, Debo Zhao, Han Feng, Jiang Dong, Kunshan Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01079-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01079-9","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most challenging problems in paleoclimate research is how orbital cyclicities forced Earth’s climate variations during the late Quaternary. To address this issue, we investigated the differences in silicate weathering, a sensitive climate indicator, at different latitudes on orbital timescales by examining geochemical and clay mineral data from the mid-latitude Sea of Okhotsk and integrating published weathering records from low to high latitudes. Results show that silicate weathering in the mid-latitude Sea of Okhotsk responded sensitively to both temperature and rainfall, indicating the combined influence of ice sheets and low-latitude monsoons. However, silicate weathering is more sensitive to temperature in high-latitude regions, and to rainfall in tropical areas. Therefore, ice sheets primarily control silicate weathering at high latitudes, whereas monsoon rainfall has greater influences in tropical areas. These findings seem to support the “Milankovitch–Kutzbach” hypothesis, which proposes that ice sheets and monsoons together control orbital-scale climate variations of Earth.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal characteristics of summer extreme precipitation over the Inner Tibetan Plateau in recent decades 近几十年青藏高原夏季极端降水时空特征

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01089-7

Zhiyuan Ding, Yao Ha, Yijia Hu, Yimin Zhu, Haixia Dai, Zhong Zhong

{"title":"Spatiotemporal characteristics of summer extreme precipitation over the Inner Tibetan Plateau in recent decades","authors":"Zhiyuan Ding, Yao Ha, Yijia Hu, Yimin Zhu, Haixia Dai, Zhong Zhong","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01089-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01089-7","url":null,"abstract":"The Inner Tibetan Plateau (ITP), serving as a critical component of the Asian hydrological circulation, has witnessed an increase in summer extreme precipitation events under global warming. However, the spatiotemporal characteristics and underlying mechanisms of the events remain insufficiently understood. This study identifies two distinct synoptic patterns that govern summer regional extreme precipitation events (REPEs) over the ITP from 1979 to 2020. The first pattern (REPE1, constituting 50.5% of the events) is characterized by a Rossby wave train inducing a negative-positive-negative geopotential height anomaly, accompanied by moisture convergence via southwesterlies and convective updrafts over the southeastern ITP. Conversely, the second pattern (REPE2, 49.5%) features a persistent positive-negative-positive geopotential height anomaly associated with mid-to-high latitude circulation, along with moisture convergence driven by southeasterlies and ascending motions over the southwestern ITP. Moreover, both REPE1 and REPE2 have exhibited increased frequencies post-2010, with REPE2 showing a more pronounced upward trend. The rising frequencies of REPE1 and REPE2 have contributed significantly to the increase in extreme precipitation over the ITP in recent decades.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144113968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0