npj Climate and Atmospheric Science最新文献_第3页

Land use and cover change accelerated China’s land carbon sinks limits soil carbon 土地利用和植被变化加速中国土地碳汇限制土壤碳汇

IF 8.5 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00751-w

Yue Cheng, Peng Luo, Hao Yang, Mingwang Li, Ming Ni, Honglin Li, Yu Huang, Wenwen Xie, Lihuan Wang

{"title":"Land use and cover change accelerated China’s land carbon sinks limits soil carbon","authors":"Yue Cheng, Peng Luo, Hao Yang, Mingwang Li, Ming Ni, Honglin Li, Yu Huang, Wenwen Xie, Lihuan Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00751-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41612-024-00751-w","url":null,"abstract":"Land use and cover change (LUCC) significantly impacts global carbon cycles and land surface properties, accounting for 25% of the historical atmospheric CO2 increase. We explore a previously overlooked role of LUCC in driving the land carbon cycle by using a three-level meta-analysis and Land Use Harmonization data to drive an ecosystem model. Our findings reveal that a loss of 39.2% of soil organic carbon (SOC) change in China due to LUCC, mitigated by afforestation, doubles gross primary productivity at 0.02 Pg C yr−1, countering central China’s urbanization decline. Indirect climate effects, especially soil bulk density, significantly impact SOC compared to direct climate effects. LUCC has significantly increased the Chinese terrestrial carbon sink, with net ecosystem productivity reaching 0.02 ± 0.12 Pg C yr−1. Our study underscores the importance of reforestation and afforestation in addressing climate change and enhancing carbon sinks in future carbon management.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-024-00751-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142084607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Large effects of fine and coarse aerosols on tropical deep convective systems throughout their lifecycle 细悬浮微粒和粗悬浮微粒对热带深对流系统整个生命周期的巨大影响

IF 8.5 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00739-6

Jianhua Yin, Zengxin Pan, Feiyue Mao, Daniel Rosenfeld, Lin Zang, Jiangping Chen, Jianya Gong

{"title":"Large effects of fine and coarse aerosols on tropical deep convective systems throughout their lifecycle","authors":"Jianhua Yin, Zengxin Pan, Feiyue Mao, Daniel Rosenfeld, Lin Zang, Jiangping Chen, Jianya Gong","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00739-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41612-024-00739-6","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have shown that aerosols invigorate deep convective systems (DCS). However, the magnitude or even the existence of aerosol invigoration of DCS remains controversial. Here, we aimed to observationally quantify the full aerosol effects on DCS by tracking their entire lifecycle and spatial extent in tropical regions. We found that fine aerosols (FA) can invigorate DCS, making them taller and longer lived, and resulting in up to ×5 increase in total area and rainfall amount. In contrast, added coarse sea salt aerosols (CSA) over the ocean can inhibit the vertical development of DCS through enhancing warm rain formation, yet resulting in longer lived and extensive DCSs. Notably, combining FA and CSA generates the strongest aerosol invigoration effect at the concentrations of ~5 and ~80 μg/m³, leading up to ×10 increase in rainfall amount. Our results indicate that aerosols significantly redistribute convective precipitation and climate effects, greatly underestimated in previous studies.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-024-00739-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142050571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Translation speed slowdown and poleward migration of western North Pacific tropical cyclones 北太平洋西部热带气旋的平移速度减慢和向极地迁移

IF 8.5 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00748-5

Xiangbo Feng

引用次数: 0

Interdecadal shifts of ENSO influences on Spring Central Asian precipitation 厄尔尼诺/南方涛动对中亚春季降水影响的年代际变化

IF 8.5 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00742-x

Mengyuan Yao, Haosu Tang, Gang Huang, Renguang Wu

{"title":"Interdecadal shifts of ENSO influences on Spring Central Asian precipitation","authors":"Mengyuan Yao, Haosu Tang, Gang Huang, Renguang Wu","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00742-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41612-024-00742-x","url":null,"abstract":"Spring Central Asian precipitation (SCAP) holds significant implications for local agriculture and ecosystems, with its variability mainly modulated by El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The ENSO–SCAP relationship has experienced pronounced interdecadal shifts, though mechanisms remain elusive. Based on observations and climate model simulations, these shifts may result from transitions in ENSO-induced meridional circulation and Rossby wave trains triggered by North Atlantic (NA) sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. During high (low) correlation periods, ENSO induces strong (weak) vertical motion anomalies over Central Asia, while NA SST anomalies exert a weak (strong) counteracting effect, modulated by the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO). In the positive (negative) phase of PDO, a slow (fast) decaying ENSO triggers a strong (weak) NA horseshoe-like SST anomaly in the post-ENSO spring, affecting the ENSO–SCAP relationship. Our study identifies a strengthening trend in the ENSO–SCAP relationship since the 2000s, indicating improved predictability for SCAP in recent decades.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-024-00742-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142045381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relative humidity driven nocturnal HONO formation mechanism in autumn haze events of Beijing 北京秋季雾霾事件中相对湿度驱动的夜间 HONO 形成机制

IF 8.5 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00745-8

Huiying Xuan, Jun Liu, Yaqi Zhao, Qing Cao, Tianzeng Chen, Yonghong Wang, Zirui Liu, Xu Sun, Hao Li, Peng Zhang, Biwu Chu, Qingxin Ma, Hong He

{"title":"Relative humidity driven nocturnal HONO formation mechanism in autumn haze events of Beijing","authors":"Huiying Xuan, Jun Liu, Yaqi Zhao, Qing Cao, Tianzeng Chen, Yonghong Wang, Zirui Liu, Xu Sun, Hao Li, Peng Zhang, Biwu Chu, Qingxin Ma, Hong He","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00745-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41612-024-00745-8","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrous acid (HONO), a key precursor of hydroxyl radicals (OH), is one of the factors affecting atmospheric chemistry and air quality. Currently, the proposed sources of HONO are not able to fully explain observed HONO concentrations. In this study, a comprehensive field observation of HONO was conducted in the autumn of 2021 in urban Beijing. The box model using a default Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) was unable to reproduce the observed HONO concentrations with a normalized mean bias (NMB) of −92.8%. The NMB improved to −46.1% after the inclusion of seven additional HONO formation pathways. Several factors like vehicle emission factor (1.23%) and nocturnal NO2 heterogeneous uptake coefficient on the ground surface (8.25 × 10−6) were calculated based on observational data. The enhancement factor for nocturnal NO2 heterogeneous conversion was established as a function of relative humidity (RH) and incorporated into the model, which compensated for the missing nocturnal HONO sources and well-reproduced the observed HONO concentrations, with an NMB of −5.1%. The major source of HONO at night was found to be the heterogeneous reaction of NO2 on the ground surface, contributing up to 85.6%. During the daytime, it was the homogeneous reaction of NO with OH, accounting for 41.8%. The daytime primary source of OH was mainly the photolysis of HONO, which constituted 73.6% and therefore promoted the formation of secondary pollutants and exacerbated haze events.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-024-00745-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142041760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trends of peroxyacetyl nitrate and its impact on ozone over 2018–2022 in urban atmosphere 2018-2022 年城市大气中过氧乙酰硝酸盐的变化趋势及其对臭氧的影响

IF 8.5 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00746-7

Ziyi Lin, Lingling Xu, Chen Yang, Gaojie Chen, Xiaoting Ji, Lingjun Li, Keran Zhang, Youwei Hong, Mengren Li, Xiaolong Fan, Baoye Hu, Fuwang Zhang, Jinsheng Chen

{"title":"Trends of peroxyacetyl nitrate and its impact on ozone over 2018–2022 in urban atmosphere","authors":"Ziyi Lin, Lingling Xu, Chen Yang, Gaojie Chen, Xiaoting Ji, Lingjun Li, Keran Zhang, Youwei Hong, Mengren Li, Xiaolong Fan, Baoye Hu, Fuwang Zhang, Jinsheng Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00746-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41612-024-00746-7","url":null,"abstract":"Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is an important photochemical product and affects ozone (O3) formation in the troposphere. Yet, the long-term observation of PAN remains scarce, limiting the full understanding of its impacts on photochemical pollution. Here, we observed PAN from 2018 to 2022 in urban Fuzhou, Southeastern China. We found that, in contrast to upward trend of O3, PAN concentrations shown a significant decreasing trend at an average rate of −0.07 ppb/year. NO2, CO, UVB, and T contributed to the decreasing trend of PAN according to Machine learning analyses, while the effect of O3-represented atmospheric oxidation capacity on PAN was fluctuating from year to year. Chemical box model revealed active PA production and depletion in Fuzhou. Thus, despite the decreasing PAN concentration, PAN chemistry effectively promoted O3 formation by rising ROx levels, leading to increases of 2.18%–58.4% in net O3 production rate in different years. Our results provide valuable insights into the evolution of photochemical pollution in urban environments.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-024-00746-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142041776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hailstone size dichotomy in a warming climate 气候变暖下的冰雹大小二分法

IF 8.5 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00728-9

Vittorio A. Gensini, Walker S. Ashley, Allison C. Michaelis, Alex M. Haberlie, Jillian Goodin, Brendan C. Wallace

{"title":"Hailstone size dichotomy in a warming climate","authors":"Vittorio A. Gensini, Walker S. Ashley, Allison C. Michaelis, Alex M. Haberlie, Jillian Goodin, Brendan C. Wallace","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00728-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41612-024-00728-9","url":null,"abstract":"Hailstorms are analyzed across the United States using explicit hailstone size calculations from convection-permitting regional climate simulations for historical, mid-century, and end of twenty-first-century epochs. Near-surface hailstones <4 cm are found to decrease in frequency by an average of 25%, whereas the largest stones are found to increase by 15–75% depending on the greenhouse gas emissions pathway. Decreases in the frequency of near-surface severe hail days are expected across the U.S. High Plains, with 2–4 fewer days projected—primarily in summer. Column-maximum severe hail days are projected to increase robustly in most locations outside of the southern Plains, a distribution that closely mimics projections of thunderstorm days. Primary mechanisms for the changes in hailstone size are linked to future environments supportive of greater instability opposed by thicker melting layers. This results in a future hailstone size dichotomy, whereby stronger updrafts promote more of the largest hailstones, but significant decreases occur for a majority of smaller diameters due to increased melting.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-024-00728-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142013751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Complex interplay of sulfate aerosols and meteorology conditions on precipitation and latent heat vertical structure 硫酸盐气溶胶和气象条件对降水和潜热垂直结构的复杂相互作用

IF 8.5 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00743-w

Hongxia Zhu, Shuping Yang, Hongwei Zhao, Yu Wang, Rui Li

{"title":"Complex interplay of sulfate aerosols and meteorology conditions on precipitation and latent heat vertical structure","authors":"Hongxia Zhu, Shuping Yang, Hongwei Zhao, Yu Wang, Rui Li","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00743-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41612-024-00743-w","url":null,"abstract":"An eight-year satellite observation dataset reveals that sulfate aerosols significantly influence the vertical structure of precipitation and latent heat (LH) in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region during summer. In this period, prevalent sulfate aerosols combine with warm, humid southerly winds and elevated convective available potential energy (CAPE), influencing precipitation dynamics. Under polluted conditions with specific CAPE and precipitation top temperature (PTT) ranges, precipitation particles experience accelerated growth within the mixed-phase layer, delineated by the −5 °C to 2 °C isotherms, compared to pristine environments. This results in a marked increase in both the intensity and height at which the maximum LH is released. Subsequent analysis reveals that hygroscopic sulfate aerosols, acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), amplify the collision-coalescence process within the mixed layer amid high cloud water content, propelling rapid precipitation particle growth and elevating the PTT. This warming effect surpasses the cooling contribution from robust CAPE, culminating in a net elevation of PTT under polluted scenarios compared to pristine ones. Additionally, quantification of PTT sensitivity to both CAPE and aerosol optical depth (AOD) unveils a high consistency between satellite-detected PTT responses to CAPE and those predicted by cloud-resolving model simulations. The study deduces that the role of aerosols as CCN in either invigorating or diminishing the collision-coalescence process is contingent on the available cloud water.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-024-00743-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142022001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The new indices to describe temporal discontinuity of snow cover on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 描述青藏高原雪盖时间不连续性的新指数

IF 8.5 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00733-y

Jing Wang, Lin Tang, Heng Lu

引用次数: 0

Aerosol effects during heat waves in summer 2022 and responses to emission change over China 2022 年夏季热浪期间的气溶胶效应以及对中国上空排放变化的响应

IF 8.5 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00744-9

Mingjie Liang, Zhiwei Han, Jiawei Li, Yue Li, Lin Liang

{"title":"Aerosol effects during heat waves in summer 2022 and responses to emission change over China","authors":"Mingjie Liang, Zhiwei Han, Jiawei Li, Yue Li, Lin Liang","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00744-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41612-024-00744-9","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores aerosol direct, indirect, and feedback effects on meteorology and fine particulate matter during heat waves of August 2022 over eastern China by using an online coupled regional climate–chemistry–aerosol model. In this period, aerosols exerted mean direct (DRE) and indirect (IRE) radiative effects of −3.9 Wm−2 and −2.4 Wm−2 at TOA, which totally caused a decrease in average surface air temperature by 0.3 °C over east China, accompanied by decreases in PBLH (planetary boundary layer height) and precipitation and an increase in PM2.5 concentration. With the anthropogenic emission reduction from 2013 to 2022, DRE apparently decreased while IRE changed little, leading to a decrease in total aerosol radiative effect (TRE) by 27% at TOA. The weakened TRE resulted in increases in surface air temperature and precipitation by 0.14 °C and 2.7 mm, respectively, on average over east China, with the maximum warming exceeding 0.5 °C in BTH (Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei province). This study highlights a warming trend due to weakened TRE, which may exacerbate heat wave, and an increasing importance of aerosol IRE relative to DRE due to weak sensitivity of cloud properties to aerosol change during the emission reduction.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-024-00744-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142013753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0