npj Climate and Atmospheric Science最新文献_第3页

Weakened influence of ENSO on the East Asian summer monsoon since the early 2000s

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00983-4

Tiantian Yu, Wen Chen, Ping Huang, Gang Huang, Xianke Yang

{"title":"Weakened influence of ENSO on the East Asian summer monsoon since the early 2000s","authors":"Tiantian Yu, Wen Chen, Ping Huang, Gang Huang, Xianke Yang","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00983-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00983-4","url":null,"abstract":"El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was identified as the dominant factor influencing the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM), especially after the mid-1970s when the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) response remarkably strengthened. Here, we find that the influence of ENSO on the EASM has been diminishing since the early 2000s. The EASM in wind anomalies associated with the positive phase of ENSO quickly disintegrates in August, changing from an anticyclone over the western North Pacific (WNPAC) to a cyclone over the western North Pacific (WNP), which exerts significant influence on the East Asia rainfall. These weakened EASM responses are closely linked to the changes in ENSO’s rate of decay around the early 2000s. During 1977–1999, ENSO events peaking in the boreal winter frequently display a gradual decay, triggering robust positive ocean–atmosphere feedback, which extends beyond the TIO and involves the WNP. The resultant North Indian Ocean (NIO) warming develops and persists through the decaying summer, maintaining the WNPAC in August. In contrast, ENSO events exhibit a faster decay during 2000–2022, leading to a weakened ENSO-induced TIO feedback. Additionally, the WNP warms up, accompanied by the collapse of the easterly wind response, contributing to the weak summer peak in the NIO. In turn, the weak NIO warming rapidly decays, which cannot sustain the WNPAC in August. This study emphasizes the crucial role of WNP air–sea coupling in the changing influences of ENSO on the EASM.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Arctic warming as a potential trigger for the warm blob in the northeast Pacific 北极变暖是东北太平洋暖球的潜在触发因素

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00900-9

Huan-Huan Chen, Yuntao Wang, Xichen Li, Liying Wan, Yeping Yuan, Yunwei Yan, Charles Hannah, Fei Chai

引用次数: 0

The response of tropical cyclone hazard to natural and forced patterns of warming

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00997-y

Jonathan Lin, Chia-Ying Lee, Suzana J. Camargo, Adam H. Sobel, Jing-Yi Zhuo

引用次数: 0

Isotopic source signatures of stratospheric CO inferred from in situ vertical profiles

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00986-1

Joram J. D. Hooghiem, Sergey Gromov, Rigel Kivi, Maria Elena Popa, Thomas Röckmann, Huilin Chen

{"title":"Isotopic source signatures of stratospheric CO inferred from in situ vertical profiles","authors":"Joram J. D. Hooghiem, Sergey Gromov, Rigel Kivi, Maria Elena Popa, Thomas Röckmann, Huilin Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00986-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00986-1","url":null,"abstract":"The stratospheric CO budget is determined by CH4 oxidation, OH-driven loss and atmospheric transport. These processes can be constrained using CO mole fractions and isotopic compositions, with the latter being largely unexplored. We present novel stratospheric observations of δ13C-CO and δ18O-CO vertical profiles, revealing distinct altitude-dependent trends. δ13C-CO decreases with altitude due to inverse 13C kinetic fractionation in the OH sink and 13C-depleted CO from CH4 oxidation. In contrast, δ18O-CO increases with altitude, driven by 18O-rich oxygen from O(1D) via O3 photolysis and CO2 photolysis. Our findings suggest that CO isotopes can act as valuable proxies for quantifying CO production from CO2 photolysis. Incorporating CO mole fractions and isotopic data into global models enhances evaluations of the stratospheric CH4 sink and OH abundance, improving our understanding of stratospheric water vapour and its radiative impacts.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Notable uncertainties in near real-time CO2 emission estimates in China

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00991-4

Hanwen Hu, Guannan Geng, Ruochong Xu, Yang Liu, Qinren Shi, Qingyang Xiao, Xiaodong Liu, Bo Zheng, Qiang Zhang, Kebin He

{"title":"Notable uncertainties in near real-time CO2 emission estimates in China","authors":"Hanwen Hu, Guannan Geng, Ruochong Xu, Yang Liu, Qinren Shi, Qingyang Xiao, Xiaodong Liu, Bo Zheng, Qiang Zhang, Kebin He","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00991-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00991-4","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate and timely CO2 emission inventories are essential for tracking climate change mitigation progress. This study conducts near real-time CO2 emission estimates for China using different timely-updated activity data sources such as annual bulletins and monthly statistics. Comparing the results with emissions estimated by regular statistics, we find that emission estimates relying solely on either monthly statistics or annual bulletins have uncertainties. Prioritizing annual bulletins where available and supplementing with monthly statistics for the most recent year can balance accuracy and timeliness, yielding a median error of 1.3% across different update intervals. However, near real-time estimates of relative changes in annual CO2 emissions bear large uncertainties regardless of the approach. For the six years investigated, near real-time estimates usually failed to capture the trends in annual emissions, indicating that those near real-time approaches are unreliable for estimating changes in CO2 emissions due to notable differences between timely-updated and regular statistics.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shifting influences of Indian Ocean Dipole and western Pacific subtropical high on annual precipitation δ18O in southern East Asia

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01000-4

Jingyi Zhang, Wusheng Yu, Lonnie G. Thompson, Stephen Lewis, Alexandre Cauquoin, Martin Werner, Zhaowei Jing, Yaoming Ma, Baiqing Xu, Guangjian Wu, Rong Guo, Pengjie Ren, Zhuanxia Zhang, Qiaoyi Wang, Dongmei Qu

{"title":"Shifting influences of Indian Ocean Dipole and western Pacific subtropical high on annual precipitation δ18O in southern East Asia","authors":"Jingyi Zhang, Wusheng Yu, Lonnie G. Thompson, Stephen Lewis, Alexandre Cauquoin, Martin Werner, Zhaowei Jing, Yaoming Ma, Baiqing Xu, Guangjian Wu, Rong Guo, Pengjie Ren, Zhuanxia Zhang, Qiaoyi Wang, Dongmei Qu","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01000-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01000-4","url":null,"abstract":"Clarifying relationships between stable oxygen isotope ratios in precipitation (δ18Op) and atmospheric circulations including the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) forms the basis of paleocirculation reconstructions. However, whether the IOD and WPSH modulate interannual variations of δ18Op remains unclear. Here, we reveal the links between the IOD/WPSH and the annual δ18Op in southern East Asia. We found that the IOD strongly influenced annual δ18Op before 1999 by changes in moisture supply from different transport pathways and convection. However, the link became decoupled after 1999, resulting from the transition of the IOD from a symmetric to an asymmetric pattern. In contrast, significantly enhanced WPSH emerges as an important influence on annual δ18Op after 1999. Therefore, the IOD and WPSH alternately influence interannual variation of δ18Op around 1999. Our findings imply that signals of IOD and WPSH should be considered in different periods to better interpret paleoclimate records.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of photochemical aging on secondary aerosol formation from a marine engine 光化学老化对船用发动机二次气溶胶形成的影响

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00985-2

Andreas Paul, Tuukka Kokkola, Zheng Fang, Mika Ihalainen, Hendryk Czech, Uwe Etzien, Thorsten Hohaus, Olli Sippula, Yinon Rudich, Bert Buchholz, Astrid Kiendler-Scharr, Ralf Zimmerman

{"title":"The impact of photochemical aging on secondary aerosol formation from a marine engine","authors":"Andreas Paul, Tuukka Kokkola, Zheng Fang, Mika Ihalainen, Hendryk Czech, Uwe Etzien, Thorsten Hohaus, Olli Sippula, Yinon Rudich, Bert Buchholz, Astrid Kiendler-Scharr, Ralf Zimmerman","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00985-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00985-2","url":null,"abstract":"Ship traffic is known as an important contributor to air pollution. Regulations aimed at reducing sulfur oxide pollution by limiting the fuel sulfur content (FSC) may also decrease primary particulate matter (PM) emitted from ships. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding how the FSC affects secondary aerosol formation. The emissions from a research ship engine operated with either low sulfur heavy fuel oil (LS-HFO) (FSC = 0.5%) or marine gas oil (MGO) (FSC = 0.01%), were photochemically processed in the oxidation flow reactor “PEAR” to achieve an equivalent photochemical age between 0 and 9 days in the atmosphere. FSC was found to have no significant impact on secondary organic aerosol formation after 3 days of aging, at 1.7 ± 0.4 g/kg for MGO and 1.5 ± 0.4 g/kg for LS-HFO. Furthermore, the composition and oxidative pathways remained similar regardless of FSC. However, because of the higher secondary SO4 formation and primary aerosol emissions, LS-HFO had significantly higher total PM than MGO.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"124 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Speleothem evidence of solar modulation on the south Asia monsoon intensity 南亚季风强度受太阳调节的岩溶证据

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00971-8

Hong-Wei Chiang, Yue-Gau Chen, Shih-Yu Lee, Dung Chi Nguyen, Chuan-Chou Shen, Yin Lin, Lam Dinh Doan

{"title":"Speleothem evidence of solar modulation on the south Asia monsoon intensity","authors":"Hong-Wei Chiang, Yue-Gau Chen, Shih-Yu Lee, Dung Chi Nguyen, Chuan-Chou Shen, Yin Lin, Lam Dinh Doan","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00971-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00971-8","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of solar variation on climate has long been debated. Here, we utilize a decadal-resolved speleothem δ18O record from Vietnam, spanning 32.5 to 27.5 kyr BP, as a proxy for regional precipitation levels. Our results show a general coherence between Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) and regional precipitation, supporting a positive climate response consistent with conventional monsoon theory. Spectral analysis on studied datasets reveals an approximately 180-year periodicity coinciding with the de Vries cycle of solar activity. Further comparing our record with 35 other speleothem records, we demonstrate the importance of sufficient age control points in capturing solar-related periodicities. Model simulation shows that TSI could enhance monsoonal circulation and regional precipitation. Also highlighted are the implications of chronology control for detecting climate events in proxy records. The new findings underscore the significance of relatively minor radiative forcing in regional climate dynamics over monsoonal Asia on decadal to centennial timescales.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Absorption enhancement and shielding effect of brown organic coating on black carbon aerosols

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00989-y

Zexuan Zhang, Yuanyuan Wang, Xiyao Chen, Liang Xu, Zhonghua Zheng, Joseph Ching, Shupeng Zhu, Dantong Liu, Weijun Li

引用次数: 0

A comparison of the meridional meandering of extratropical precipitation during boreal winter: eddy momentum flux versus Eulerian storm tracks

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00992-3

Changhyun Yoo, Daeho Jin, Sukyoung Lee, Daehyun Kim

引用次数: 0