International journal of disaster risk reduction最新文献

{"title":"Gendered vulnerabilities and sexual violence: Intersecting inequalities during the 2024 floods in Porto Alegre, Brazil","authors":"Julia de Freitas Sampaio","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In May 2024, severe floods affected 94 % of the counties in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, displacing 615,000 people and creating a significant population of climate refugees. This article examines the gendered vulnerabilities faced by women during this extreme weather event, particularly focusing on the experiences of women in improvised emergency shelters. The study reveals that women were disproportionately affected by harassment and sexual violence, necessitating the creation of gender-segregated shelters for protection. Additionally, the findings highlight that racial minorities and low-income groups were disproportionately impacted due to pre-existing social and economic inequalities, exacerbating their vulnerabilities during the disaster. Utilizing a qualitative approach, the research analyzes reports from news outlets and social media, emphasizing the importance of examining how media framings shape public understanding of gender-based violence in disaster contexts. Contextual demographic data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) is also used to situate these vulnerabilities within broader patterns of structural inequality. This study advocates for an intersectional approach to Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) policies that acknowledges the interplay of these vulnerabilities. By emphasizing the need for feminist-informed, inclusive DRR strategies, the research contributes to the discourse on gender and climate change, aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 5 (gender equality), 10 (reduced inequalities), and 16 (peace, justice, and strong institutions). This article offers an original contribution by combining intersectional feminist theory with media discourse analysis to examine how gender-based violence is both experienced and represented in the context of a major climate disaster in Brazil. The article offers policy recommendations aimed at enhancing gender and racial equity in disaster response and resilience planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105728"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A holistic approach for assesssing multidimensional adaptive capacity to floods: From conceptualization to empirical assessment","authors":"Hassam Bin Waseem,&nbsp;Irfan Ahmad Rana","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adaptive capacity is crucial for implementing adaptation and risk reduction strategies. This study conceptualizes adaptive capacity as a multidimensional construct, i.e., physical, social, economic, psychological, technological, and institutional dimensions. Indexes are computed using the composite index method, and their values are calculated based on descriptive statistics to facilitate data normalization. Significant differences were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests, and the impacts were assessed through multiple regression analysis. Three flood-prone urban communities of Islamabad, Pakistan, namely Chak Shahzad, Sector E−11/D-12, and River/Soan Garden, were selected. Data was collected from a random sample of 600 households, with 200 households each from the selected communities. A structured questionnaire containing 48 indicators across the dimensions was used. Communities were found to have a moderate adaptive capacity (mean = 0.52), with higher capacity in the physical (mean = 0.64) and technological (mean = 0.58) dimensions, while lower capacity levels were observed in the economic (mean = 0.41) and institutional (mean = 0.49) dimensions. The presence of elderly household members and the extent of flood damage was positively associated with adaptive capacity, whereas past flood experiences had a negative impact. Non-conformity to land-use and zoning laws, the absence of social protection programs and insurance, and ineffective warning were the main factors reducing adaptive capacity. This highlights the need to formulate effective adaptation strategies and policies to improve the adaptive capacity of the communities. The approach can also be applied to other settings and hazards to understand the adaptive capacity at different spatial scales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105729"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Providers of decentralized blue-green flood adaptation measures protect others, not themselves, even in flat urban terrain","authors":"Matteo Roggero ,&nbsp;Fabio Brill ,&nbsp;Franziska Tügel","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We address social dilemmas in dealing with urban pluvial floods in Berlin, Germany. The city has made little progress towards its own goal of becoming a sponge city, promoting decentralized rainwater management through blue-green infrastructure. Policy instruments in place focus on stimulating citizen's voluntary, precautionary self-protection against pluvial floods, implicitly assuming that providers and beneficiaries of decentralized, blue-green flood protection are the same. Analyzing flooding areas and their subcatchments based on hydrodynamic simulations of heavy-rain events with return periods between 10 and 100 years, we show that this is not the case. Despite the city's flat topography, we observe upstream-downstream relations between providers and beneficiaries of decentralized, blue-green flood protection. Addressing pluvial floods with blue-green infrastructure implies the protection of others – a different social dilemma requiring different policy instruments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105721"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathways to humanitarian shelter durable solutions: A global comparative analysis of projects","authors":"Philip De Pasquale,&nbsp;Aaron Opdyke","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Annual increases in global displacements due to conflict and natural hazards have intensified the need for durable humanitarian shelter solutions. Despite growing conceptual clarity over the ‘durable solution’ concept, a distinct lack of research exists to ascertain the combinations of conditions that lead to these outcomes. This research investigates the conditions supporting shelter durable solutions across 229 global case studies, employing fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA). Three pathways emerged from the analysis centred around the following mechanisms: co-produced systems – emphasising joint agency and community-driven efforts for long-term recovery in diverse contexts; community-led incremental building – enabling durable solutions in conflict settings through local skills and incremental stabilisation; and recovery alliances, emphasising smaller, well-coordinated responses in natural hazard contexts to facilitate targeted, sustainable solutions. This study provides practical guidance for implementing agencies through these approaches, exhibiting how coordinated, locally driven, and financially adaptable efforts can successfully facilitate durable solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105723"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of psychology-based training for improving interoperability in the emergency services: A comparison of online and in-person delivery methods","authors":"Louise Davidson ,&nbsp;Holly Carter ,&nbsp;John Drury ,&nbsp;Richard Amlôt ,&nbsp;S. Alexander Haslam","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent research highlights the importance of incorporating psychological perspectives to improve interoperability in multi-agency emergency response in order to address persistent challenges and prevent future issues. To address this, we developed a psychology-based training programme grounded in the Social Identity Approach. Its effectiveness and optimal delivery method were evaluated with 65 emergency responders from UK Police (<em>N</em> = 8), Fire and Rescue (<em>N</em> = 12), and Ambulance (<em>N</em> = 45) Services. Participants completed the training either online (<em>N</em> = 28) or in-person (<em>N</em> = 37), with follow-up interviews conducted with seven of the online participants. In terms of participant satisfaction, the training was positively received and recommended by participants. They valued the psychological elements but stressed the need for accessible presentation. Interviewees preferred in-person training, but survey data showed no difference in participant satisfaction between delivery methods. In terms of knowledge gain, both delivery methods increased confidence in multi-agency teamwork, though in-person training better enhanced knowledge of specific collaborative actions. Participants highlighted the importance of understanding responders’ motivations, especially regarding mandatory training. This evaluation offers valuable insights into the design and delivery of effective emergency service training and demonstrates how integrating psychological theory can support better interoperability in multi-agency contexts. Practical implications are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105725"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flood-ABM: An agent-based model of differential flood effects on population groups and their decision-making processes","authors":"Obeng A. Addai ,&nbsp;César P. Soares ,&nbsp;Richa S. Dhawale ,&nbsp;Corinne J. Schuster-Wallace ,&nbsp;Raymond J. Spiteri","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flooding is a global concern with wide-ranging impacts on communities, infrastructure, and ecosystems. Its effects are often unevenly distributed, influenced by complex interactions between environmental and social systems. In this paper, we present an agent-based model (ABM) that links hydrological and social systems through a differentiating lens. Our ABM captures individual and collective behaviors across pre-flood, during-flood, and post-flood phases, while differentiating population groups through a socio-economic index to examine how disparities in resources and vulnerability influence decisions related to preparedness, evacuation, coping, and adaptation. Our model innovatively integrates four decision-making theories—Protection Motivation Theory, the Theory of Planned Behavior, Cultural Risk Theory, and Social Capital Theory—in a complex framework that reflects diverse individuals strategies during floods. We find that agents facing intense flood threats respond rapidly with emergency measures—such as swift evacuations and immediate protective actions—even when constrained by resource limitations. In contrast, agents in less critical scenarios exhibit more measured responses, engaging in thorough pre-event planning and gradual evacuations that facilitate smoother adaptations post-flood. Economic impacts quantified by the model demonstrate that widespread business closures significantly reduce earnings, while increased spending on healthcare and evacuation drives up overall costs. During peak flooding, shelter agents suffer wealth declines due to the high costs of providing emergency services, and healthcare agent resources are strained by surging demand as health deteriorates among affected populations. Our results indicate that increased shelter capacity, expedited rescue responses, and enhanced healthcare provision collectively promote post-flood economic stabilization by reducing stranded individuals and mitigating peak-phase financial losses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105698"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A strategic- and tactical model for managing complex risks in social systems","authors":"Marianne Synnes Emblemsvåg ,&nbsp;Jan Emblemsvåg","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Complex risks are unique as they emerge from potentially undetectable sources into problematic situations often with high- and lasting impact, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Their emergent nature, starting with weak signals, renders the traditional risk management approach of risk identification less effective. Assigning probability estimates can also be difficult because some complex risks, such as pandemics, are certain to emerge. To address these challenges, the literature is reviewed to understand complexity, complex risks, risk management and risk communication and more. One key insight is that the maneuverability inherent in the Observe-Orient-Decide and Act (OODA) model used in maneuver warfare is beneficial for managing complex risks. Another important insight is that management and communication cannot be treated as separated and sequential processes. Hence, to manage complex risks, a model based on the OODA model is developed with more explicit focus on risk communication through active leadership. The financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic are used throughout the paper to illustrate key points. Operationalization of the model is future work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105716"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operational impact-based flood early warning in Lao PDR and Cambodia","authors":"Lorenzo Alfieri ,&nbsp;Agathe Bucherie ,&nbsp;Andrea Libertino ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Campo ,&nbsp;Mirko D'Andrea ,&nbsp;Tatiana Ghizzoni ,&nbsp;Simone Gabellani ,&nbsp;Marco Massabò ,&nbsp;Lauro Rossi ,&nbsp;Roberto Rudari ,&nbsp;Bounteum Sisouphanthavong ,&nbsp;Hun Sothy ,&nbsp;Eva Trasforini ,&nbsp;Ramesh Tripathi ,&nbsp;Jason Thomas Watkins","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Operational flood forecasting and early warning systems are key tools for disaster risk prevention, with implementation rates steadily increasing worldwide. Yet, most operational systems focus on detecting only the hazard characteristics of upcoming floods, rather than the likely impacts on the society, which are the variables of highest interest for warning centers and emergency responders. This work describes the implementation of FloodPROOFS, a physically based modelling framework to predict the occurrence and the consequent impacts of riverine floods in five river basins in Cambodia and in Lao People's Democratic Republic. The system is updated twice daily with four numerical weather predictions for the next 5 days. It uses a modeling cascade to produce estimates of river discharges, water levels, exceedance of flood thresholds, inundation depth and extent, socio-economic impacts for seven exposure categories, including a novel approach for the automated estimation of impact-based warnings at the district level. The latter are included in a warning bulletin application co-designed with the two national meteo-hydrological services for daily monitoring and dissemination of alert messages ahead of impending disasters. The system is operational from summer 2024 and has already shown significant value in rising preparedness ahead of some moderate-magnitude floods, including the floods of the Prek Thnot river near Phnom Penh in July 2024.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105718"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mining socioenvironmental drivers of bias in social media rescue data for fairness-aware modeling: A case study of Hurricane Harvey","authors":"Kejin Wang ,&nbsp;Volodymyr Mihunov ,&nbsp;Nina S.N. Lam ,&nbsp;Mingxuan Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Researchers now use AI to extract valuable insights from social media data for rapid rescue and emergency management. However, social media users are not sampled in a way that represents the entire population. This study establishes baseline Expected Rescue Request frequencies using social media data to address two critical knowledge gaps: (1) whether systematic differences in the expected rescue request frequencies during disasters exist among communities of different social-environmental characteristics, and (2) which of these characteristics reflect data representation biases and should be treated as sensitive attributes in fairness-aware AI models. Using 35 geographical, socioeconomic, and digital access variables alongside rescue request tweets from the 2017 Hurricane Harvey, a novel fairness measurement index (Rescue Request Difference) was developed and analyzed through regression and Random Forest modeling to balance predictive power, interoperability and transparency. Results showed that overserved communities exhibited higher proportions of physically and financially vulnerable populations, flood-prone geography, limited digital access, and single-family housing. Key attributes such as \"% Minority\" and \"Road density\" were identified as sensitive features requiring fairness rectification in predictive models. Limitations include reliance on a single case study and social media data biases. Future work should integrate multi-source data (e.g., 911 calls, volunteer reports) to strengthen the fairness-aware modeling framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105717"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative risk assessment for rainfall-induced landslides of transmission line towers: the case of Chongqing national transmission protection regions","authors":"Bijing Jin ,&nbsp;Taorui Zeng ,&nbsp;Shuhao Liu ,&nbsp;Ye Li ,&nbsp;Lei Gui ,&nbsp;Binbin Zhao ,&nbsp;Kunlong Yin ,&nbsp;Filippo Catani ,&nbsp;Dario Peduto","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent times, the increasing frequency of geohazards has been threatening the safe and effective operation of power transmission networks. However, the quantitative risk assessments of landslides for transmission towers remain underdeveloped. The present study aims at providing the quantitative landslide risk distribution along the Chongqing National Transmission Line Protection Regions (NTLPR) in China by establishing an original technical framework. Particularly, both static and dynamic data are used for modeling the susceptibility and hazard of landslides. Then, the potential vulnerability of transmission towers to landslides was assessed based on the distance between the towers and landslide run-out boundaries. Finally, following the classical risk assessment theory, the quantitative risk distribution maps of towers affected by landslides is established. The results showed that landslide hazard exhibits a consistent variability in relation to the spatiotemporal distribution of rainfall erosion intensity. As landslide data is updated and mitigation measures are implemented, both the vulnerability and risk associated with the towers undergo dynamic changes over time. The vulnerability curve analysis reveals transmission towers within 274 m of landslide run-out boundaries exhibit very high vulnerability level, with potential losses of 1 million RMB per tower. Specifically, the number of high/very high vulnerability towers was reduced from 487 (2002–2010) to 75 (2019–2020), resulting in a 65.83 % decrease in overall risk (from 103.83 to 35.48 million RMB). The obtained results provide an interpretable risk mitigation scheme for the management of power transmission networks, and are expected to become an effective framework for landslide management in the power industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105715"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}