International journal of disaster risk reduction最新文献

{"title":"Anatomy of a historic blackout: Decoding spatiotemporal dynamics of power outages and disparities during Hurricane Beryl","authors":"Xiangpeng Li,&nbsp;Junwei Ma,&nbsp;Ali Mostafavi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Power outages are a significant consequence of natural hazards, severely disrupting communities' restoration and recovery processes. Despite the increasing frequency and impact of hazard-induced power outages, empirical studies examining their spatial and temporal characteristics across impacted regions remain limited. This dearth of empirical insights inhibits the ability to quantify impacts and examine vulnerability and equity issues for effective resilience investments. This study investigates the spatial patterns and temporal variations in outage duration, intensity, and restoration/recovery following the 2024 Hurricane Beryl in Houston, Texas. This historic blackout caused widespread power disruptions across the Houston metropolitan area, leaving more than 2 million customers without power over several days, resulting in more than 143 million total customer-out hours. By examining the dynamic interplay between outage impact, recovery features, and socioeconomic and infrastructural factors, the analysis identified key determinants contributing to disparities in power outage impacts and recovery efficiency delineated by ZIP Code across Houston. The findings reveal that areas with higher population density and proximity to the hurricane's path experienced more severe initial impacts. Regions with higher median income showed faster recovery, while lower-income areas exhibited prolonged restoration periods, even with favorable infrastructural conditions, suggesting disparities in restoration speed. The study also highlights how urban development features, such as road density and land elevation, explain spatial disparities in power outage impacts and recovery. This research advances the understanding of power outage dynamics in large metropolitan regions through four key contributions: (1) empirical characterization of outages from a historic hurricane, highlighting infrastructure vulnerabilities in a high-density urban context; (2) comprehensive analysis using multiple metrics to capture spatiotemporal dynamics of outages and restoration; (3) leveraging of high-resolution outage data at fine geographic scales and frequent intervals to quantify and reveal previously masked spatial disparities; and (4) systematic examination of socioeconomic, urban development, and environmental factors in shaping disparities in outage impacts and recovery timelines. These findings provide infrastructure managers, operators, utilities, and decision-makers with crucial empirical insights to quantify power outage impacts, justify resilience investments, and address vulnerability and equity issues in the power infrastructure during hazard events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 105574"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disaster policy change through the enactment of the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management law in the Philippines: Punctuated equilibrium and multiple streams theories","authors":"Hazel De Chavez ,&nbsp;Seunghoo Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (NDRRM) Act of 2010 transformed the Philippines' disaster risk reduction and management system from a reactive system to a proactive and inclusive system. It replaced the outdated Presidential Decree No. 1566. This new act had been pursued by several advocacy groups representing the government and nongovernmental organizations since 1989 as a response to climate change and rising temperatures that could increase the country's disaster risks and vulnerabilities. In this paper, the events that led to the passage of the NDRRM Act are described using punctuated equilibrium and multiple streams theories. The punctuation in the disaster risk reduction and management policy resulted from merging the need to address the inadequacies of the disaster risk reduction and management system during the period (the problem stream) with a policy designed to address emerging trends and needs (the policy stream) and the changing interests of members of Congress (the politics stream) due to the change in the national mood triggered by the massive flood in the National Capital Region in 2009.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 105576"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification method of forest fire risk factors and their coupling relationship driven by attribute dependence","authors":"Enhui Zhao ,&nbsp;Ning Wang ,&nbsp;Shibo Cui ,&nbsp;Rui Zhao ,&nbsp;Yongping Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identifying forest fire risk factors and their coupling relationships is crucial for revealing the mechanism of fire occurrence and assessing risks. However, previous studies on forest fire risk factors often ignore the differences and coupling effects between risk factors, resulting in inaccurate risk prediction. Given this, this study introduces the attribute dependence of fuzzy rough set into forest fires and constructs a new method to identify key risk factors and measure their coupling effects. Taking the forest fire risk in the Thompson area of Canada from 1984 to 2023 as the research object, the influence of each risk factor on forest fire is quantified by the attribute dependence function. Then, according to the influence degree of each risk factor, the weighted processing is carried out, and the coupling effect of risk factors is measured by combining the overlapping idea of fuzzy mutual information. The results show that climate factors have a significant impact on forest fires, while topographic factors, vegetation factors, and human factors are relatively weak. The coupling effect of topographic factors, vegetation factors, and human factors is also weak, but the combination of climate factors and topographic factors, vegetation factors, and human factors significantly enhances its influence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 105529"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic performances of Italian schools: A comprehensive overview of risk assessment, retrofitting, and preparedness strategies","authors":"Cristoforo Demartino ,&nbsp;Gianluca Quinci ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Paolacci","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Schools in Italy play a critical societal role, both as centers of education and as vital community shelters during seismic events. Yet many Italian school buildings predate modern seismic codes and thus remain vulnerable to frequent earthquakes. This review consolidates current knowledge on the seismic performance of these structures, encompassing both historical masonry buildings and reinforced concrete frames designed primarily for gravity loads. It examines observed damage patterns in structural and non-structural components and highlights the urgency for comprehensive retrofit strategies. From traditional strengthening measures—such as fiber-reinforced polymers and steel bracings—to more advanced techniques like base isolation and supplemental damping, diverse solutions are presented alongside illustrative case studies that showcase outcomes and best practices. Recognizing that technical feasibility is only one dimension of risk mitigation, the review also explores multi-criteria decision-making frameworks that integrate economic, social, and environmental considerations for prioritizing intervention measures across large building portfolios. In addition, it underscores the importance of proactive school-based risk awareness programs and early warning systems to enhance occupant safety and ensure continuity of educational activities. Through the synthesis of existing literature and real-world applications, this paper identifies critical knowledge gaps—particularly the need for better large-scale data integration and refined performance-based methods tailored to school contexts. Overall, it provides policymakers, engineers, and educators with evidence-based guidance to bolster resilience in Italian schools, with implications that extend to similarly vulnerable regions worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 105508"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crisis management in the pharmaceutical industry during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"S. Latonen ,&nbsp;S. Pussila ,&nbsp;H. Seeck ,&nbsp;M. Airaksinen ,&nbsp;A.M. Juppo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the vulnerabilities of the pharmaceutical industry and its critical role in functioning healthcare systems, no previous crisis management theory–based empirical studies focusing on this field during the COVID-19 pandemic has been published. The present study aims to fill this gap and identify areas for development to improve future crisis preparedness. Organisational crisis management process models provided a theoretical framework. A cross-sectional survey study was conducted during the second wave of the pandemic (October–November 2020). This online survey was developed based on the crisis management process models and sent to managing directors working in the pharmaceutical and wholesale companies (<em>n</em> = 73) in Finland. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and open-field responses were analysed qualitatively using content analysis. Nine semi-structured interviews with industry leaders and managers conducted in March–May 2021 were utilised in data triangulation. The results revealed that crisis preparedness improved concurrently during the pandemic due to increased risk perception, updated preparedness plans and operational changes. Crisis decision-making was made via teams or shared efforts between key persons. Anticipation of and responses to increased demand and stocking, coordination and collaboration among pharmaceutical supply chain stakeholders were identified as key challenges. The study extends crisis management process models to the pharmaceutical industry context and advances this research field by drawing on a novel approach for data collection utilising crisis management process models for survey development. Practical implications for improving future preparedness are suggested.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 105566"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations in road exposure and traffic volumes in the United States in areas susceptible to landslides","authors":"Nathan Wood,&nbsp;Jeanne Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There have been many efforts in the United States (U.S.) to identify landslide threats for specific roads, but we are unaware of any effort to examine the entire national road system. We use geospatial tools to estimate the lengths and percentages of total length of roads in landslide-susceptible areas and differentiate results by road type, jurisdiction, and susceptibility level. We summarize traffic-volume counts in landslide-susceptible areas in terms of annual and maximum hourly counts using geospatial zones based on the concept of stopping-sight distances. A substantial percentage of the U.S. road network is in areas with some level of landslide susceptibility from 35 % (by length) of all roads to 68 % of county routes. Several Interstate highways have considerable lengths of road in areas with highest landslide susceptibility. There are hundreds of sites with high hourly and annual traffic volumes in areas of highest landslide susceptibility, indicating potential threats to life safety and traffic disruption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 105567"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capturing disaster-induced perturbation in the degree and directionality of urban income segregation based on residents’ consumption activities","authors":"Xinyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Nan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increasing income segregation has become a pressing issue in metropolitan areas, due to its impact on social equity and overall urban welfare. In the disaster context, understanding income segregation plays an important role in eliminating social inequity and fostering sustainable development. However, knowledge about the influence of natural disasters on income segregation is largely missing in existing literature. To address this gap, this study proposed new indices to measure the degree and directionality of income segregation at both spatial level and individual experience level, based on residents' consumption activities extracted from their mobility trajectories. By investigating the 2021 Winter Storm Uri in Austin, Texas, this study then examined the perturbations in income segregation under disaster impact. Key findings revealed that the place's income segregation shifted towards low-income groups, and the individual's experienced income segregation magnified and polarized. Meanwhile, the disparities of income segregation across different communities reduced. In addition, compared to high-income groups, low-income groups experienced more segregated social interactions in consumption activities over a relatively longer period of time during winter storm. These findings offer policy implications for enhancing disaster response and recovery strategies to meet the specific needs of different communities and income groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 105563"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing urban flooding facing metro system: Evidence from Internet media records in China from 2001 to 2021","authors":"Xue Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaomeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Shen Li ,&nbsp;Yu Tian ,&nbsp;Chunping Tan ,&nbsp;Shengping Ding ,&nbsp;Gretchen Kalonji ,&nbsp;Lilai Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metro systems, as a vital type of underground transportation infrastructure, are particularly vulnerable to urban flooding in the changing climate. However, current understanding of the characteristics of flood-prone subway stations, including their spatiotemporal distribution and determinants is limited. This study, via Internet media big data mining, extracted 327 subway station flooding events in 33 cities of China from 2001 to 2021, and identified the relationship between the subway flooding occurrences and meteorological, topographical, and underlying surface factors. We found that annual subway station floodings and cities experiencing such events significantly increased in China. Among these events, flooding inside subway stations, flooding at subway station entrances and subway station ceiling leaks accounted for 24.77 %, 60.86 %, and 14.37 %, respectively. Twenty-four-hour precipitation of&gt;25 mm, in combination with a slope of 5∼15°, relative DEM&lt;48 %, watershed area of 97.46–179.42 km², impervious surface ratio&gt;80 %, no green or blue space, and age of subway station&lt;5 years is most frequently associated with these subway flooding events. In particular, underlying surface characteristics are the most vital factors, highlighting the importance of climate-resilient urban land use planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 105551"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weather and climate extremes in Nigeria: Modeling the perceived impact of spatial planning and community practices on windstorm and flood exposure using PLS-SEM and correlogram","authors":"Kamil Muhammad Kafi ,&nbsp;Zakiah Ponrahono","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study examines the interplay between spatial planning, community disaster practices, and the impacts of weather and climate-related extreme events (WCEE) in urban neighborhoods. Using a multi-method approach based on Sankey diagrams, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), and R, we analyze survey data from 259 respondents across nine frequently affected neighborhoods. The Sankey diagram demonstrates the flow and patterns of the strong connection between WCEE, climate change, and local human factors. PLS-SEM models the direct effects of perceived local human factors within spatial planning and community risk practices on WCEE exposure and impact. Using 19 items within four latent constructs based on a reflective-formative measurement model, the analysis reveals that respondents view these factors as significantly affecting disaster outcomes. Additionally, R's correlogram identifies specific neighborhood vulnerabilities contributing to increased WCEE exposure and impact. The findings underscore the need for achieving city-wide disaster risk reduction strategies that integrate spatial planning, policy development, and inclusive community engagement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 105554"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Networks in crisis: Measuring ethnic stratification and organizational reach post-disaster","authors":"Timothy Fraser ,&nbsp;Jennifer Shea ,&nbsp;Daniel Homsey ,&nbsp;Daniel P. Aldrich","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the extent of ethnic stratification within social networks in a disaster-affected community. Prior research highlights disparities in resilience capacities across racial and ethnic groups, often attributed to social isolation and limited access to resources. Utilizing a novel survey of 240 residents in Farmburg, California (pseudonym), we analyzed individual and organizational network data to examine three key aspects of connectivity: 1) resident-to-resident ties, 2) resident-to-organization ties, and 3) organizational reach across ethnic groups. Findings reveal significant ethnic homophily in resident networks, with a predominance of intra-ethnic ties. Furthermore, the study identifies variations in the extent to which different types of organizations bridge these ethnic divides. Preliminary analysis suggests that healthcare and emergency response organizations may exhibit lower levels of inter-ethnic connectivity compared to other types of organizations. By quantifying these social divides and their impact on organizational reach, this study provides crucial insights for developing more equitable and inclusive disaster resilience strategies that effectively address the needs of all community members.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 105561"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}