International journal of disaster risk reduction最新文献

{"title":"Mapping multi-hazard flood and drought risk in a rapidly growing region: A ward-level assessment in the Bengaluru metropolitan region, India","authors":"Lan Remeta,&nbsp;Samuel J. Sutanto,&nbsp;Rajarshi Das Bhowmik,&nbsp;Venkatesh Budamala,&nbsp;Spyridon Paparrizos","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrological extremes, such as floods and droughts are becoming increasingly frequent and severe under the influence of climate change, with rapidly urbanising regions like South Asia facing particularly high risks. Moreover, the occurrence of these extremes is becoming more common, amplifying their overall impact through compounding effects. This study focuses on the Bengaluru Metropolitan Region (BMR), one of India's fastest-growing urbanized regions with rising exposure to both flood and drought risks. Despite growing evidence of their interconnected and compounding impacts, traditional Disaster Risk Management frameworks continue to treat these phenomena in isolation. This study addresses this gap by developing a spatially explicit, multi-hazard risk assessment framework that integrates both flood and drought risks through a composite index approach. The framework combines biophysical parameters with socio-economic indicators to assess multi-hazard risk across the Bengaluru Metropolitan Region. Participatory-based weighting of exposure vulnerability indicators is applied to produce high-resolution maps of hazard, exposure, vulnerability, and risk at the micro-administrative scale. The findings reveal spatial overlaps between flood- and drought-prone areas, with the Bengaluru Rural district and peri-urban zones showing particularly high multi-hazard risk. The results also highlight the critical role of vulnerability in shaping spatial risk patterns, highlighting the need to integrate vulnerability into risk assessment methodologies. Ultimately, this study advocates for moving beyond single-hazard paradigms in disaster risk reduction and urban planning, and proposes a simple, adaptable framework that can be applied to assess multi-hazard risk due to the compounding nature of natural hazards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 106469"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149155963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid damage estimation through social media content with geolocation using natural language processing: A study of historical Texas tropical storms","authors":"Yalong Pi,&nbsp;Uday Vysyaraju,&nbsp;Akash Pillai,&nbsp;Amanda Hackney,&nbsp;Shoujia Li,&nbsp;Richard Dally,&nbsp;Jack Wooley,&nbsp;Yuning Ye,&nbsp;Weishan Bai,&nbsp;David Retchless,&nbsp;Xinyue Ye,&nbsp;Nick Duffield","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate and timely preliminary damage assessment (PDA) following natural disasters is critical for effective emergency response and resource allocation. Volunteered geographic information (VGI) such as social media posts including text, images, and other media provide impact signals which can be rapidly processed by customized neural networks. This study introduces a disaster impact estimation prediction (DIEP) that takes social media self-reports and outputs impact probabilities for FEMA defined classes. The DIEP model is a natural language processing (NLP) model trained and tested on data published by OpenFEMA at zip code level. Due to the social media (Twitter/X.com in this study) data availability, the focus of this work is on tropical storms in Texas from 2010 to 2024. Around 1 million tweets with geo-tags and 2.2 million FEMA records at household level are collected, organized, and published. The Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) based DIEP models achieved up to 98% precision and recall in several categories, when classifying zip code level impact. Cross-storm validation demonstrates the model's generalizability, with strong F1 score performance in predicting homeowner insurance (89%), flood damage (81%), flood insurance (81%), and personal property eligible (75%), especially when trained on historical events (Harvey and Imelda) and predict future events (Beryl). Further detailed experiments showed the optimum social media geo-tag sizes to be at census tract level and best FEMA target definition to be binary classification. The DIEP system also supports real-time visualization of disaster progression, offering a scalable and cost-effective tool for first responders and policymakers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 106457"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149155968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to adequate housing throughout disaster recovery in connection with social vulnerability","authors":"Ashley E. Reed,&nbsp;Sydney Dyck,&nbsp;Julie H. Elliott,&nbsp;Sarah E. DeYoung,&nbsp;Roni Fraser,&nbsp;Danielle Midgyett","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ability to secure adequate and affordable housing is profoundly strained before, during, and after disasters, particularly among low-income and minority populations. This paper synthesizes the literature on disaster-related barriers to housing in the United States and presents two case studies from rapid ethnographic fieldwork in North Carolina conducted in 2024 as part of the REDACTED FOR PEER REVIEW. Specifically, researchers conducted participant observation and semi-structured interviews with community members and aid providers (<em>n</em> = 30 in Eastern North Carolina; <em>n</em> = 6 in Western North Carolina) to identify recurring themes and visited key field sites for observation of relief and recovery related to housing. In alignment with the literature, findings suggest preexisting affordability and adequacy deficits. Constrained housing supply, rising costs, the administrative burden of accessing aid, and damage to the local infrastructure and economy can all complicate housing-related disaster recovery, particularly among vulnerable populations. Recommendations to improve these outcomes include expanding affordable and accessible housing stock, strengthening tenant protections, and identifying strategies to reduce administrative barriers for those receiving disaster aid. These measures are essential to make post-disaster recovery equitable and reduce long-term displacement among vulnerable populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 106466"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149155966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought-driven spatially heterogeneous crop-value decline in the United Kingdom's food valley","authors":"Saul Ngarava,&nbsp;Daniel Magnone","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agricultural drought is an increasingly important risk-management challenge because it threatens crop productivity, farm profitability, and food-system resilience. While drought impacts are widely documented, most assessments focus on average yield losses and provide limited insight into the spatial distribution, variability, and uncertainty of economic impacts, masking local vulnerabilities. The study examined distributional effects, spatial heterogeneity, and spatial dependence of drought effects on crop value in Greater Lincolnshire, United Kingdom, using spatial crop value, drought, and land-grade datasets of seven major crops (60% of the regions total) using Generalized Additive Model for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS), Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), and Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA). Results show substantial spatial heterogeneity in crop value, with potato and winter wheat forming a high-value production corridor in the southeast. Land grade emerged as the most consistent predictor of crop value across all models, with one-grade deterioration associated with £185-£719 ha⁻¹ losses. Higher drought levels were associated with lower crop values, differing among crops. Winter wheat and spring barley exhibited the strongest and most persistent associations, while beet and potato displayed convex responses in which damages moderated under extreme drought conditions. GAMLSS confirmed significant heteroskedasticity, GWR revealed substantial spatial non-stationarity, and INLA demonstrated the importance of accounting for spatial dependence and uncertainty. The findings demonstrate that average-response assessments can mask critical local vulnerabilities and highlight the value of integrating distributional and spatial modelling approaches to support more effective drought-risk management, climate adaptation and resilience planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 106430"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149155965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a resilience-enhanced risk register","authors":"Holden Keebaugh,&nbsp;Paige DuPuy,&nbsp;S.E. Galaitsi,&nbsp;Alex Bredikhin,&nbsp;Benjamin D. Trump,&nbsp;Laurel P. Williams,&nbsp;Jeffrey Keisler,&nbsp;Jesse M. Keenan,&nbsp;Edmund Russo,&nbsp;Igor Linkov","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Risk registers are widely used across government and industry to document and prioritize risks for specific goals or projects. Recent U.S. policy developments, including Executive Order 14239 calling for a National Risk Register, underscore both the preeminence and the limitations of current approaches. Their traditional design emphasizes risk cataloging and mitigation over resilience, limiting their value for managing today's interconnected and evolving disruptions. This paper introduces a Resilience-Enhanced Risk Register (RERR) framework structured to move risk accounting beyond static documentation by embedding resilience metrics across physical, informational, and social domains and across the temporal phases of disruption. Unlike prior risk registers or resilience models, the RERR can integrate existing risk assessment methodologies with these standardized resilience measures. Drawing on comparative analysis of U.S. and international systems, the RERR provides a framework for a scalable, sector-based approach that can align investments with resilience outcomes across governance levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 106461"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149155964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling heterogeneous human mobility patterns during emergencies using archetypes","authors":"Erica Arango,&nbsp;Maria Nogal","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Floods remain among the most frequent and disruptive hazards worldwide, affecting millions of people and generating substantial social and economic losses each year. Despite advances in evacuation modelling, representing heterogeneous human responses in a measurable and population-scalable manner remains challenging. Evacuation behaviour is shaped by multiple individual and contextual factors, which may result in delayed departures, non-compliance, anticipatory evacuation, or movements that deviate from official guidance. This study proposes an operational behavioural-archetypes formulation integrated within an agent-based modelling approach to simulate evacuation dynamics during flood emergencies. Three archetypes, namely, coordinated, passive, and non-coordinated, represent observable differences in whether, when, and how individuals move relative to institutional guidance. Coupled with detailed representations of buildings, road networks, and shelter infrastructure, the behavioural archetype-based framework simulates key evacuation processes, including departure timing, route selection, shelter choice, and exposure to flood hazards. The framework is demonstrated through a flash-flood evacuation scenario in Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Results highlight the importance of incorporating behavioural heterogeneity through archetypes, as it provides more realistic estimates of citizen safety during flood evacuation and avoids the underestimation of exposure inherent in homogeneous models. This approach offers valuable insights to support more adaptive and people-centred evacuation planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 106455"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149156045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building community resilience: Development and validation of a school-based framework for post-disaster child mental health support","authors":"Naru Fukuchi ,&nbsp;Nahoko Harada ,&nbsp;Wataru Shoji ,&nbsp;Chizu Konno ,&nbsp;Eiji Suzuki","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disasters significantly impact children's mental health, yet professional services remain severely limited in disaster-affected areas. Non-professional (non-specialist) psychosocial interventions delivered by teachers show promise, but systematic evidence on implementation requirements and effectiveness remains limited. In this study, we carry out implementation-focused systematic evidence synthesis to examine non-professional psychosocial interventions for disaster-affected children, and develop a comprehensive implementation framework for school-based settings. We conducted systematic evidence synthesis across PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO (2000-2024). Seven studies encompassing 7134 children (ages 8–17 years) met inclusion criteria. Teachers were primary implementers (85.7%). Non-professional interventions demonstrated sustained improvements in adaptive functioning maintained for three years, whereas symptom improvements showed shorter duration. These sustained advantages likely resulted from teachers' ongoing presence enabling continued skill reinforcement through established relationships—mechanisms unavailable in time-limited professional interventions. Successful implementation required structured training (12–20 h), ongoing professional supervision, and systematic cultural adaptation. The consistent 12–20 h training requirement marks a practical threshold where teachers acquire core competencies (psychological first aid, trauma response, group facilitation) without extensive clinical education, while supervision ensures quality. Implementation barriers included educational system constraints (rigid curricula, teacher workload), resource limitations (insufficient professional backup, inadequate materials), and cultural adaptation challenges. As a central outcome of this synthesis, we developed the School-Based Community Resilience Implementation Model (SB-CRIM), a comprehensive evidence-based framework for integrating psychosocial support into educational systems and disaster preparedness planning while addressing the identified implementation barriers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 106056"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147401725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the building façade vulnerability to multiple hazards","authors":"Rossella Marmo,&nbsp;Mariacarla Fraiese,&nbsp;Veronica Vitiello,&nbsp;Roberto Castelluccio","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Building envelope plays a critical role in ensuring the overall functionality, energy efficiency, and safety of buildings. Due to the exposure to climatic conditions and extreme natural events, building envelope components deteriorate faster than other building components. Beyond long-term performance issues, degraded façade components pose a significant risk to their surroundings directly related to the façade's vulnerability: the more vulnerable its components, the greater the probability of their detachment, and consequently, the higher the risk to people.</div><div>Assessing this Building Risk, as a consequence of the façade vulnerability, should represent a primary concern in ensuring urban safety. However, this topic is not thoroughly explored in the scientific literature; moreover, methodologies to evaluate the façade vulnerability to multiple hazards are missing. To fill this gap, this paper proposes a methodology for assessing building façade vulnerability to multiple hazards. The study determines the propensity of façade components to suffer damage when exposed to hazards by combining their two primary drivers of damage: technical characteristics and degradation. Both drivers are evaluated individually, then combined using a quantitative formula to assess the façade vulnerability.</div><div>The methodology is tested on existing façades located in the Campi Flegrei area, a significant multi-hazard context. The methodology provides a structured approach to vulnerability assessment that can be adapted to new risk scenarios and contexts, ensuring replicability and flexibility. Results contribute to conceptualising and implementing the RETURN project virtual testbeds, enabling the development of “what-if” scenarios to support risk-informed adaptation planning and Disaster Risk Management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 106032"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147401726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of digitalization on disaster response in local government: Quasi-experimental evidence from smart city infrastructure in China","authors":"Nanhu Gao ,&nbsp;Zhen Lin ,&nbsp;Bin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of global climate change and the increasing frequency of extreme natural disasters, enhancing local governments' disaster response capacity has become a critical challenge worldwide. This study conducted a quasi-natural experiment to examine the effect of smart city (SC) infrastructure, as a key manifestation of local government digitalization, on disaster response times by leveraging China's national SC pilot policy. Using panel data from 283 prefecture-level cities from 2010 to 2020, this study applied a multi-period difference-in-differences (DID) approach to identify causal effects. The results show that the SC infrastructure shortens disaster response times by an average of 12.5%. Mechanism analyses reveal that this effect operates through the improved information transmission efficiency, optimized resource allocation, and enhanced interdepartmental collaboration. Heterogeneity analyses indicate that the effect is stronger in sub-provincial cities and eastern regions. This study provided quasi-experimental evidence for the role of digital governance in emergency management and offered policy implications for scaling the SC initiatives in developing countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 106043"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147401707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community flood resilience factors; A community's perspective","authors":"Laidlaw Sophie,&nbsp;Percival Sarah,&nbsp;Kiriakoulakis Konstadinos","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2026.106051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efforts to reduce flood impacts have shifted towards more dynamic, resilience-based approaches, that encompass community make up and physical impacts. Despite this, there is a lack of understanding and the tools necessary to truly comprehend and measure flood resilience in detail at a community level. Previous community flood resilience models and the corresponding factors do not include the experiences and understanding (lay knowledge) of at-risk community members and hence what in reality makes a community resilient to flooding. A community flood resilience survey was designed and distributed to assess current understanding of community flood resilience, presenting a pre-determined list of 20 community flood resilience factors for consultation. Findings were split into three target groups, members of community flood groups (people who lobby for change in their community), those who have experienced flooding and those who have not experienced flooding. Opinions on community flood resilience differed between the groups, particularly its definition and the applicability of certain social factors (i.e. sense of community or community groups). However, there was consensus on the inclusion of physical factors, implying community flood resilience is still inherently considered physical in nature. Results from this study highlighted the importance of including community members in the analysis of community flood resilience and the design of subsequent community flood resilience frameworks. Ensuring lay knowledge is utilised and providing a community specific flood resilience framework with both established (i.e. land use) and novel (i.e. insurance rates) factors, designed not only for key stakeholders, but also community use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 106051"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147401708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}