International journal of disaster risk reduction最新文献

{"title":"Rural out-migration and the livelihood vulnerability under the intensifying drought and salinity intrusion impacts in the Mekong Delta","authors":"Dung Duc Tran ,&nbsp;Thien Duc Nguyen ,&nbsp;Edward Park ,&nbsp;Tam Dan Nguyen ,&nbsp;Pham Thi Anh Ngoc ,&nbsp;Thang Tat Vo ,&nbsp;Au Hai Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Out-migration is of high concern for rural communities in many deltas around the world, that are under the pressure of drought and saltwater intrusion (DSI). In the coastal provinces in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD), DSI driven by climate change has forced farmers to migrate to large cities for new livelihoods. This paper assesses the migration mechanism in Soc Trang province in the VMD, evaluating the perspectives of 120 farmers and 10 local officials interviewed in four communities. A framework of livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) was used to evaluate the vulnerability of farmers related to the intensifying DSI. A Strengths−Weaknesses−Opportunities−Threats (SWOT) analysis has been followed to assess the rural labor out-migration linked to livelihood sustainability perspectives of farmers before a Threats−Opportunities−Weaknesses−Strengths (TOWS) matrix was used to explore labor management strategies. Our results indicate that farmers’ livelihoods are not sustainable due to the high negative impacts of DSI, resulting in low marginal profits from rice production, but low remittances by the migrants. The SWOT and TOWS analysis reveals that Weaknesses−Strengths is the most promising strategy for providing jobs and loan development programs for the out-migration issue. These imply concreted policies for sustainable agricultural management and adaptation strategies to address the rural out-migration under the impact of the DSI. Our findings not only assess the mechanism of rural out-migration in coastal areas of the most vulnerable delta, but also offer an empirical evidence-based strategy for the labor out-migration issue due to DSI driven by climate change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103762"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42073134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National resilience assessment and improvement based on multi-source data: Evidence from countries along the belt and road","authors":"Jianping Li ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Yuan ,&nbsp;Weilan Suo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>National resilience is a consensus benchmark to characterize the ability of disaster resistance of a country. The occurrence of various disasters and the ravages of COVID-19 have created urgent needs in assessing and improving the national resilience of countries, especially for countries along the Belt and Road (i.e., B&amp;R countries) with multiple disasters with high frequency and great losses. To accurately depict the national resilience profile, a three-dimensional assessment model based on multi-source data is proposed, where the diversity of losses, fusion utilization of disaster and macro-indicator data, and several refined elements are involved. Using the proposed assessment model, the national resilience of 64 B&amp;R countries is clarified based on more than 13,000 records involving 17 types of disasters and 5 macro-indicators. However, their assessment results are not optimistic, the dimensional resilience are generally trend-synchronized and individual difference in a single dimension, and approximately one-half of countries do not obtain resilience growth over time. To further explore the applicable solutions for national resilience improvement, a coefficient-adjusted stepwise regression model with 20 macro-indicator regressors is developed based on more than 19,000 records. This study provides the quantified model support and a solution reference for national resilience assessment and improvement, which contributes to addressing the global national resilience deficit and promoting the high-quality development of B&amp;R construction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103784"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10261054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10301163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender differences in COVID-19 knowledge, risk perception, and public stigma among the general community: Findings from a nationwide cross-sectional study in India","authors":"A. Stephen ,&nbsp;Saritha Nair ,&nbsp;Aparna Joshi ,&nbsp;Sumit Aggarwal ,&nbsp;Tulsi Adhikari ,&nbsp;Vishal Diwan ,&nbsp;Kangjam Rekha Devi ,&nbsp;Bijaya Kumar Mishra ,&nbsp;Girijesh Kumar Yadav ,&nbsp;Damodar Sahu ,&nbsp;Bal Kishan Gulati ,&nbsp;Saurabh Sharma ,&nbsp;Jeetendra Yadav ,&nbsp;Senthanro Ovung ,&nbsp;Chetna Duggal ,&nbsp;Moina Sharma ,&nbsp;Sampada Dipak Bangar ,&nbsp;Pricilla B. Rebecca ,&nbsp;S. Rani ,&nbsp;Pradeep Selvaraj ,&nbsp;Sneha Chinchore","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Individual and community characteristics predictive of knowledge, perception, and attitude on COVID-19, specifically on gender, have not been adequately explored.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To examine the gender differences in COVID-19 knowledge, self-risk perception and public stigma among the general community and to understand other socio-demographic factors which were predictive of them.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A nationally representative cross-sectional multi-centric survey was conducted among adult individuals(≥18 yrs) from the community member (N = 1978) from six states and one union territory of India between August 2020 to February 2021. The participants were selected using systematic random sampling. The data were collected telephonically using pilot-tested structured questionnaires and were analyzed using STATA. Gender-segregated multivariable analysis was conducted to identify statistically significant predictors (p &lt; 0.05) of COVID-19-related knowledge, risk perception, and public stigma in the community.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Study identified significant differences between males and females in their self-risk perception (22.0% &amp; 18.2% respectively) and stigmatizing attitude (55.3% &amp; 47.1% respectively). Highly educated males and females had higher odds of having COVID-19 knowledge (aOR: 16.83: p &lt; 0.05) than illiterates. Highly educated women had higher odds of having self-risk perception (aOR: 2.6; p &lt; 0.05) but lower public stigma [aOR: 0.57; p &lt; 0.05]. Male rural residents had lower odds of having self-risk perception and knowledge [aOR: 0.55; p &lt; 0.05 &amp; aOR: 0.72; p &lt; 0.05] and female rural residents had higher odds of having public stigma [aOR: 1.36; p &lt; 0.05].</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our study findings suggest the importance of considering thegender differentials and their background, education status and residential status in designing effective interventions to improve knowledge and reduce risk perception and stigma in the community about COVID-19.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103776"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10229202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9671894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The making of India's COVID-19 disaster: A Disaster Risk Management (DRM) Assemblage analysis","authors":"Peter McGowran ,&nbsp;Hannah Johns ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Raju ,&nbsp;Sonja Ayeb-Karlsson","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103797","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103797","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article analyses the suite of policies and measures enacted by the Indian Union Government in response to the COVID-19 pandemic through apparatuses of disaster management. We focus on the period from the onset of the pandemic in early 2020, until mid-2021. This holistic review adopts a Disaster Risk Management (DRM) Assemblage conceptual approach to make sense of how the COVID-19 disaster was made possible and importantly how it was responded to, managed, exacerbated, and experienced as it continued to emerge. This approach is grounded in literature from critical disaster studies and geography. The analysis also draws on a wide range of other disciplines, ranging from epidemiology to anthropology and political science, as well as grey literature, newspaper reports, and official policy documents. The article is structured into three sections that investigate in turn and at different junctures the role of governmentality and disaster politics; scientific knowledge and expert advice, and socially and spatially differentiated disaster vulnerabilities in shaping the COVID-19 disaster in India. We put forward two main arguments on the basis of the literature reviewed. One is that both the impacts of the virus spread and the lockdown-responses to it affected already marginalised groups disproportionately. The other is that managing the COVID-19 pandemic through disaster management assemblage/apparatuses served to extend centralised executive authority in India. These two processes are demonstrated to be continuations of pre-pandemic trends. We conclude that evidence of a <em>paradigm shift</em> in India's approach to disaster management remains thin on the ground.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103797"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10259166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9671933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of national and local building inventories for damage and loss modeling of seismic and tsunami hazards: From parcel-to city-scale","authors":"Dylan Sanderson,&nbsp;Daniel Cox","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>In this paper, we compare the National Structure Inventory, a recently released building inventory for the United States, with a local tax assessor building inventory for use in damage and loss modeling of seismic-tsunami hazards. The city of Seaside, Oregon located in the North American Pacific Northwest and subject to seismic-tsunami hazards from the Cascadia </span>Subduction Zone is used as a testbed. Input attributes – such as spatial footprint, year built, structure type, and number of stories – are compared at the parcel, block, block group, and tract levels. The input attributes show large differences at the parcel level and compare favorably when aggregated at increased spatial scales. The National Structure Inventory consistently underestimates structure value and number of stories compared to the tax assessor data. Expected damages across 7 mean </span>recurrence intervals<span>, from 100-yr to 10,000-yr, are computed using IN-CORE, an open-source community resilience model. Expected damage to the National Structure Inventory tends to be slightly larger than that of the tax assessor data and errors are reduced when aggregated at increased spatial scales. The National Structure Inventory underpredicts total economic losses and risks compared to the tax assessor data, particularly for recurrence intervals associated with high economic risks. A variance-based sensitivity analysis is performed to identify how uncertainties in the input attributes propagate to uncertainties in expected damage. Structure type, design-level, and building location all influence expected damages for seismic-tsunami hazards, highlighting the importance of accurate building inventories in multi-hazard damage and loss modeling.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103755"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43021431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and component analysis of urban flood Resiliency of kunming city in China","authors":"Fengshan Jiang ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Xie ,&nbsp;Jiarui Xu ,&nbsp;Shouquan Yang ,&nbsp;Daoyang Zheng ,&nbsp;Yixin Liang ,&nbsp;Zhiqun Hou ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>In the context of global climate change and impending urbanization, improving the ability of cities to withstand rainstorms and floods has become a significant challenge in the global urbanization process. Many countries have put forward flood prevention and control measures to cope with global climate change. In this context, the flood toughness analysis and evaluation have been conducted in the Kunming urban area in China as a primary research method, based on urban flood toughness construction, quantitative and visual expression. An evaluation model of urban flood resilience was established by considering the research objects based on the theories and methods of system dynamics, social ecosystems, and the current situation of the research region. The data service consciousness ability, traffic facilities, flood control ability, and the social factors such as comprehensive thinking of natural factors, economic factors, social and cultural factors in the study region. The quantitative factor weighting and </span>GIS visualization methods were used to establish a research area of 100 m * 100 m fishing nets. For the first time, a high-precision spatial distribution map of flood toughness was generated for the main urban area of Kunming. The spatial differentiation characteristics of flood toughness in the area were further analyzed to comprehensively evaluate flood control capacity by a </span>comparative study of historical records of flood disaster points in the region in 2020. The findings of this paper reveal and quantify the influence and factors in urban flood disasters and provide support for subsequent urban construction and flood planning decision-making.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103759"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42063040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of drivers’ preferences toward content and message format of variable message signs during tunnel emergency evacuation: A case study of Niayesh tunnel in Tehran","authors":"Iman Ilkhani ,&nbsp;Mahdi Yazdanpanah ,&nbsp;Ali Dehghanbanadaki","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the event of an emergency evacuation of a tunnel, variable message signs are one of the tools available to tunnel operators to communicate with tunnel users and play an important role in guiding them. In this study, the primary focus is to determine the most appropriate message for variable message signs in terms of content and format for tunnel emergency evacuations. This study evaluates the responses of drivers to the visual comparison between variable message signs by using stated choice methods. Using a binary logit model, the results indicate that drivers prefer the text message “Turn off the car, exit the tunnel” in two lines on the right side of the sign along with the green image of the emergency exit on the left side. Therefore, it is anticipated that the findings obtained and their application at the time of the tunnel disaster will reduce the likelihood of catastrophic accidents and mitigate their consequences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103744"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41708396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of societal and community resilience among Ukrainian and Polish populations during the Russian war against Ukraine","authors":"Shaul Kimhi ,&nbsp;Maria Baran ,&nbsp;Tomasz Baran ,&nbsp;Krzysztof Kaniasty ,&nbsp;Hadas Marciano ,&nbsp;Yohanan Eshel ,&nbsp;Bruria Adini","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>People affected by wars frequently present distress symptoms and varied fears but may also exhibit resolve and resilience. The study aimed to examine strengths and vulnerability factors that predict resilience during the war in Ukraine, among Ukrainian citizens who directly experience military aggression and Polish citizens, who are exposed to the influx of refugees. Using internet panels, samples of people from Ukraine and Poland (N = 1001 and N = 1078, respectively) completed a structured questionnaire, based on validated scales that measured individual, community, and societal resilience, sense of danger, distress symptoms, hope, morale, well-being, and demographic characteristics. Hope was identified as the best predictor, and well-being was the second-best predictor of community and societal resilience in both countries. While higher percentages of Ukrainian versus Polish respondents displayed high levels of sense of danger (61% vs 15%, respectively) and distress symptoms (27% vs 17%, respectively), they simultaneously presented much higher levels of the community (47% vs 22%, respectively) and societal (66% vs 24%, respectively) resilience. The results suggest that strengths factors are better indicators of resilience than vulnerability factors, in a situation of severe adversity. An existential threat to the independence and sovereignty of Ukrainian society may catalyze a high sense of societal resilience.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103792"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43228751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk-reducing strategies and labour vulnerability during the pandemic in India","authors":"Diti Goswami ,&nbsp;Sandeep Kumar Kujur","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Covid-19 health disaster has created a labour crisis. We examine the impact of the Covid-19 induced state-level direct (such as providing free food, minimum income, and transportation services for the labourers) and indirect (such as skill mapping of the return migrants and allowing extended hour shifts in the factories) risk-reducing labour strategies on urban and rural employment rates in India. These risk-reducing labour strategies secure livelihood and discourage labourers from risking their lives by joining the workplace of high interpersonal human contact during the pandemic. This reduces employment rates. Specifically, direct risk-reducing labour strategies reduce employment in urban and rural areas, while indirect risk-reducing labour strategies lessen employment only in urban areas. The mitigating effect justifies the importance of the Keynesian interventionist resilience techniques that safeguard the labourers and reduce the risks during the disaster.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103763"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10219679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9667145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term landslide impacts and adaptive responses in rural communities: Using historical cases to validate the cumulative causation approach","authors":"Pavel Raška ,&nbsp;Jiří Riezner ,&nbsp;Michal Bíl ,&nbsp;Jan Klimeš","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The assessment of landslide impacts provides key information for understanding the hotspots of landslide vulnerability and risk, but it has mostly relied on accounting of immediate social and economic losses while neglecting the long-term implications for local development and respective post-disaster adaptive responses to landslide events. In this paper, we propose and validate an alternative approach that focuses on landslide impacts in terms of their long-term effect on the functional operation of communities and municipalities. We apply a cumulative causation model to historical case studies in rural areas of Czechia (Central Europe). The study is based on a qualitative analysis of written and iconographic documentary data from archives, which enabled us to identify the impacts of historical landslide events and adaptive responses taken by rural communities. We identified sequences of five adaptive responses: abandonment, relocation, resistant recovery, </span>marginalisation, and non-development. Based on validation through the typologically diverse multi-case study, we assert that re-focusing the current research on the long-term implications of landslides for local development provides valuable insights to understand drivers of community adaptive responses, and clarifies the actual effects of landslide hazard on the functioning of social systems in rural areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103748"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43993632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}