Polar Science最新文献

A proposed framework for describing, understanding and protecting Antarctic wetlands: The Cierva Point Wetland complex case 描述、理解和保护南极湿地的建议框架：西尔瓦点湿地复杂案例

IF 1.5 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2025.101173

Valeria Casa , María Victoria Quiroga , Paulina Fermani , Yanina Vanesa Sica , Rubén D. Quintana , Marcela M. Libertelli , Gabriela Mataloni

{"title":"A proposed framework for describing, understanding and protecting Antarctic wetlands: The Cierva Point Wetland complex case","authors":"Valeria Casa , María Victoria Quiroga , Paulina Fermani , Yanina Vanesa Sica , Rubén D. Quintana , Marcela M. Libertelli , Gabriela Mataloni","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2025.101173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2025.101173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wetlands are ecosystems characterised by standing water or waterlogged soils, with properties distinct from aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Despite their significant contributions to society, they have historically been viewed as wastelands, leading to rapid global loss and degradation. In response, the Ramsar Convention promotes policies for their conservation and sustainable use, designating over 2000 protected sites. As this convention does not apply to Antarctica, Antarctic wetlands still need a theoretical framework for their interpretation and protection, despite growing scientific and conservation interest. Here we characterised the wetland complex of Cierva Point (Antarctic Peninsula). We classified 66 wetlands into nine types and analysed environmental variation among them regarding location-dependent features (latitude, longitude, height, exposure, penguin influence, substrate) and physical-chemical variables. Wetlands of the same type were not geographically clustered and varied widely in physical-chemical features, with only substrate and penguin influence partially explaining this diversity. We then developed an interpretative model rooted in wetland ecology paradigms, which illustrates the complex interactions between the analysed features, others not considered here, and their temporal variation. As these factors also account for the outstanding environmental and biological diversity of other Antarctic wetland complexes, informed measures to improve and expand their conservation are further discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 101173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uncovering the economic impact of thawing arctic permafrost: Exploring GDP production in a changing landscape 揭示北极永久冻土融化的经济影响：在不断变化的景观中探索GDP生产

IF 1.5 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2025.101203

Mateo Cordier , Anna Vasilevskaya , Leneisja Jungsberg , Jean-Paul Vanderlinden , Justine Ramage , Hugues Lantuit

{"title":"Uncovering the economic impact of thawing arctic permafrost: Exploring GDP production in a changing landscape","authors":"Mateo Cordier , Anna Vasilevskaya , Leneisja Jungsberg , Jean-Paul Vanderlinden , Justine Ramage , Hugues Lantuit","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2025.101203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2025.101203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Permafrost has undergone rapid warming since the 1980s. The resulting permafrost thaw has already led to economic consequences, for example coastal retreat requiring the relocation of several settlements, engineering costs necessary to repair or avoid collapses of buildings, airports, railways, roads, and pipelines, etc. Calculating Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at subnational scales, we estimate the total economic value and their potential loss in the Arctic Circumpolar Permafrost Region (ACPR) that is produced on permafrost cover, and as such which is likely to be exposed to hazards from permafrost thaw. Our results give a value of €83.9–189.3 billon in 2017. About 91–92 % of this total GDP is produced on the Russian territory. In the ACPR, natural resource extraction seems to be a key driver of GDP. This means many countries depending on Russian ACPR exports will be in troubles in case of reduced economic production due to permafrost thaw. To avoid international economic disruptions, public authorities in the ACPR countries should be willing to pay a certain percentage of the total permafrost GDP to adapt and reduce the economic impacts of permafrost thaw. We estimate the adaptation cost to be between 0.01 % and 14.6 % of the total permafrost GDP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 101203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pitfalls of the green transition: Towards a genuine understanding of the right to free, prior and informed consent of the Indigenous peoples 绿色转型的陷阱：实现对土著人民自由、事先和知情同意权的真正理解

IF 1.5 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2024.101119

Yuko Osakada

{"title":"Pitfalls of the green transition: Towards a genuine understanding of the right to free, prior and informed consent of the Indigenous peoples","authors":"Yuko Osakada","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2024.101119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2024.101119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article examines the changes required to make the green transition more inclusive and sustainable from an international human rights perspective. Indigenous peoples have been challenging the ways in which this transition is taking place, using the phrase “green colonialism.” Although, in many countries, it has become common to consult affected Indigenous peoples to reach an agreement before licensing the establishment of green energy facilities, previous studies that dealt with the Sámi's struggle against the green transition have revealed that asymmetric power relationship between Indigenous peoples, sovereign states and business enterprises contributed to disguised dialogues and/or agreements among them. Therefore, this article concludes that a genuine shift from the obligation to consult Indigenous peoples to their right to free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC) is crucial when establishing green energy facilities that might affect them. In doing so, this article emphasizes that the meaning of the right to FPIC for Indigenous peoples should be understood correctly from an international human rights perspective. In particular, it argues that their right to FPIC should be ensured not only before the project affecting Indigenous peoples is licensed, but also at all stages of implementing the project with participatory monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 101119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Who addresses pollution? Relationships among actors and grant money for waste management efforts in remote Alaskan communities 谁来解决污染问题？行动者之间的关系和阿拉斯加偏远社区废物管理工作的赠款

IF 1.5 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2024.101121

Kaori Ishii

{"title":"Who addresses pollution? Relationships among actors and grant money for waste management efforts in remote Alaskan communities","authors":"Kaori Ishii","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2024.101121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2024.101121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study discusses waste-related issues in remote Alaskan villages, focusing on the relationships between the support providers, such as government officials and nonprofits, and the indigenous people, from the perspective of self-determination. With the increasing volume and variety of waste generated by recent lifestyle changes, health and environmental issues have become growing concerns. Each village is responsible for waste management and operating a disposal site. However, challenges exist regarding the current waste management regime, highlighting the importance of grant-funded initiatives and support from non-profit organizations. Based on interviews with supporters and observations of the negotiation process between supporters and indigenous people, this study analyzes the grants and collaborative efforts in Alaska. Through grants and collaborative initiatives, the assimilation of indigenous people into mainstream society is inevitable, although efforts to respect indigenous self-determination and communication are ongoing and serve as a framework for bridging the gap between the waste regime and status quo. However, two unsolved issues remain: the “support-in-waiting” dilemma, and the issues arising from the social, economic, and geographical diversity among settlements. The balance between respect for self-determination in environmental governance and provision of support extending beyond equality of opportunity will be the key to future relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 101121"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A model for ice sheets and glaciers in fractal dimensions 一个分形维数的冰盖和冰川模型

IF 1.5 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2025.101171

Rami Ahmad El-Nabulsi

{"title":"A model for ice sheets and glaciers in fractal dimensions","authors":"Rami Ahmad El-Nabulsi","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2025.101171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2025.101171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Several studies have confirmed the fractal geometry of various glacial fields on Earth and the presence of self-organizing glacial environments. These have been confirmed using satellite geodesy such as Landsat data and SPOT Panchromatic satellite data. In this manuscript, we study ice sheet dynamics and glacier in fractal dimensions based on the notion of “product-like fractal measure” recently introduced in Literature. This approach is practical to model continuum processes characterized by anisotropies. We discuss two main problems based on the shallow-ice approximation: the ice-sheet profile and the parallel-sided slab problems in fractal dimensions. In the first problem, a deformation in the Vialov profile has been observed. In particular, for fractal dimensions much less than unity, the surface profile is peakish at the end of the horizontal extent. This observation holds for various Glen’s flow parameter. When cap is expanding sideways, we have revealed the emergence of accumulation and ablation mainly for low fractal dimensions. In the second problem, both the temperature profile and the horizontal velocity are affected by fractal dimensions. The surface temperature decreases to a temperature higher than the one obtained in the basic approach, i.e. integer dimensions. This may have some impacts on climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 101171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Collaboration between Arctic and northern subnational governments disrupted by the Russian invasion of Ukraine 北极和北方地方政府之间的合作因俄罗斯入侵乌克兰而中断

IF 1.5 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2025.101172

Juha Saunavaara , Aileen A. Espiritu , Marina Lomaeva

{"title":"Collaboration between Arctic and northern subnational governments disrupted by the Russian invasion of Ukraine","authors":"Juha Saunavaara , Aileen A. Espiritu , Marina Lomaeva","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2025.101172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2025.101172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Subnational governments have gradually been integrated into Arctic governance structures, and new cross-border collaboration emerged during the late 2010s despite the annexation of Crimea. However, the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 and the ensuing war greatly disrupted multilateral collaboration between subnational authorities. In addition to war-related challenges, long-term problems, such as a weak shared identity, vague objectives, and difficulties in establishing suitable working mechanisms continue to exist. The international turbulence has severely affected the activities of the Northern Forum and led to the end of Barents regional collaboration and suspension of the Bering/Pacific-Arctic Council initiative (BPAC). Meanwhile, the Arctic Mayors’ Forum has strengthened its position as a key regional stakeholder, and a new Arctic Urban–Regional Cooperation Program has been launched. While this suggests that municipalities may be replacing regions as the most prominent subnational drivers of cross-border collaboration, their policy areas remain unclear. The institutional frameworks supporting collaboration among Arctic and northern subnational governments have not proved more flexible than those established by states. Moreover, subnational authorities have not challenged their respective central governments by deviating from national policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 101172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-level legal protection of traditional knowledge of Arctic indigenous peoples: Decolonizing knowledge production for sustainable development 北极土著人民传统知识的多层次法律保护：促进可持续发展的非殖民化知识生产

IF 1.5 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2024.101135

Yota Negishi

{"title":"Multi-level legal protection of traditional knowledge of Arctic indigenous peoples: Decolonizing knowledge production for sustainable development","authors":"Yota Negishi","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2024.101135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2024.101135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The article provides a comprehensive exploration of the legal protection of traditional knowledge of Arctic Indigenous Peoples, emphasizing the vital role this knowledge plays in their cultural and spiritual identity. It begins by highlighting the unique and symbiotic relationship between Arctic Indigenous Peoples and their environment, underscoring how climate change threatens this delicate balance and the very essence of their existence. Traditional knowledge, accumulated over generations, is presented as a crucial complement to scientific understanding in combating climate change. The article examines multi-level legal protections of Arctic traditional knowledge. First, at the international level, it discusses instruments like the ILO Convention No. 169 and the UNDRIP, which emphasize cultural dimensions and self-determination, respectively. The integration of traditional knowledge into human rights, environmental, and economic laws is explored. Second, regional legal frameworks are also analyzed, which are corroborated by soft law documents, in the Arctic. Third, the article further delves into national legal protections across Canada, Norway, Finland, and Sweden, detailing how each country incorporates traditional knowledge into legislation and judicial decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 101135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The one who takes your breath away in the polar region: A systematic review 在极地地区让你屏息的人：系统回顾

IF 1.5 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2025.101202

Norhidayah Rosman , Nur Adilla Zaini

{"title":"The one who takes your breath away in the polar region: A systematic review","authors":"Norhidayah Rosman , Nur Adilla Zaini","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2025.101202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2025.101202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Antarctic was unexplored by humans until the adoption of the Antarctic Treaty in 1961, which then was permanently designated for peaceful purposes and scientific exploration. As the Antarctic national programs and tourism operations expand, there is an increase in the chance of direct human-wildlife conflicts and adverse impacts on endemic fauna and flora, as well as the hazards of infectious disease introduction. Along with this growth, little is known about the chances of infectious disease in the polar region compared to other parts of the world. This review aims to provide a conceptual systematic review of infectious diseases and their effects on Antarctica ecosystems. We hypothesised that infectious diseases in or from Antarctica can be transmitted to researchers or visitors back to their home countries. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023400732). A literature search is done using the online databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus limited to February 2023, open access. Articles from PubMed (n = 40), Web of Science (n = 48), and Scopus (n = 89) were identified. For full-text extraction, articles from PubMed (n = 4), Web of Science (n = 5), Scopus (n = 6), and hand searching (n = 1) were assessed for eligibility, resulting in the exclusion of two duplicates. Finally, 4 out of 14 articles were found to be associated with zoonosis. Thus, this review provides details on possible zoonosis in Antarctica that may affect the ecosystem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 101202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Community perspectives inform coastal marine ecosystem research in northwestern Greenland 格陵兰西北部沿海海洋生态系统研究中的社区观点

IF 1.5 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2024.101112

Mayuko Otsuki , Shin Sugiyama

{"title":"Community perspectives inform coastal marine ecosystem research in northwestern Greenland","authors":"Mayuko Otsuki , Shin Sugiyama","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2024.101112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2024.101112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Arctic is warming faster than the rest of the world, affecting the natural environment ecosystem and society. Because human society utilizes coastal areas and relies on marine resources for living, research is needed to study human impacts on the coastal marine ecosystem as well as the influence of the changing ecosystem on society. To better understand the changing coastal environments and the impact on society, we performed multidisciplinary research in Qaanaaq, northwestern Greenland. To share and discuss our research results, we organized workshops with residents in Qaanaaq from 2016 to 2019, and in 2022 and 2023. One workshop topic of intense discussion was the summer distribution of Greenland halibut (<em>Reinhardtius hippoglossoides</em>), because of its socio-economic importance in the region. Another point of interest for the residents was the potential presence of pollution on the beach, as a result of the nearby village. Residents voiced concern about the accumulation of heavy metals in <em>Mytilus</em> spp. (blue mussel) because residents catch mussels near the dump site. Close collaboration with residents as well as co-design and direction of the research is increasingly important for researchers to contribute to a sustainable future for populations living in the Arctic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 101112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142249945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differentiating Indigenous Peoples from local communities under climate regimes in just energy transition: Implications for the Inuit and Sami Peoples 在能源转型的气候制度下区分土著人民与当地社区：对因纽特人和萨米人的影响

IF 1.5 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2024.101123

Hitomi Kimura

{"title":"Differentiating Indigenous Peoples from local communities under climate regimes in just energy transition: Implications for the Inuit and Sami Peoples","authors":"Hitomi Kimura","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2024.101123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2024.101123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The distinction between Indigenous peoples and local communities under climate regimes was initially addressed under the UNFCCC and has recently garnered renewed attention owing to energy policy changes to cope with rapid climate change such as in Alaska. The Montana climate litigation demonstrates the possibility of harmonizing Indigenous peoples and local communities by clearly identifying the unique climate-related indigenous culture and avoiding unintentional confrontation, given the difficulty of making clear distinctions in modern society and garnering sympathy from the local community against litigations that solely seek indigenous rights, but Indigenous peoples themselves may not see the need for harmony. Indigenous and Community Conserved Areas (ICCAs) is one approach to achieve a 30 by 30 target under the CBD by designating Indigenous peoples' original land but may not be beneficial to assert inherent rights or the best way to achieve harmony if they work with local communities. The local community of Finnish non-Sami reindeer herders will not receive protection under the ICCPR unlike Sami herders in Norway, if a case similar to Norway's Fosen case occurs. As just energy transition alone does not automatically reflect the perspectives of Indigenous peoples, green colonialism could easily occur when their rights are not considered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 101123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0