Polar Science最新文献_第10页

Comparison of the depolarization measurement capability of a lidar ceilometer with cloud particle sensor sondes: A case study of liquid water clouds 激光雷达云顶计与云粒子传感器去偏振测量能力的比较——以液态水云为例

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2022.100911

Jun Inoue , Kazutoshi Sato

引用次数: 1

The strong activity of noctilucent clouds at middle latitudes in 2020 2020年中纬度地区夜光云的强烈活动

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2022.100920

Peter Dalin , Hidehiko Suzuki , Nikolay Pertsev , Vladimir Perminov , Nikita Shevchuk , Egor Tsimerinov , Mark Zalcik , Jay Brausch , Tom McEwan , Iain McEachran , Martin Connors , Ian Schofield , Audrius Dubietis , Kazimieras Černis , Alexander Zadorozhny , Andrey Solodovnik , Daria Lifatova , Jesper Grønne , Ole Hansen , Holger Andersen , Vitaly Romejko

{"title":"The strong activity of noctilucent clouds at middle latitudes in 2020","authors":"Peter Dalin , Hidehiko Suzuki , Nikolay Pertsev , Vladimir Perminov , Nikita Shevchuk , Egor Tsimerinov , Mark Zalcik , Jay Brausch , Tom McEwan , Iain McEachran , Martin Connors , Ian Schofield , Audrius Dubietis , Kazimieras Černis , Alexander Zadorozhny , Andrey Solodovnik , Daria Lifatova , Jesper Grønne , Ole Hansen , Holger Andersen , Vitaly Romejko","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2022.100920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2022.100920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The 2020 summer season had more frequent than usual occurrences of noctilucent clouds (NLCs) in the Northern Hemisphere at middle latitudes (45–50°N), with the lowest latitude at which NLCs were seen being 34.1°N. In order to investigate a reason for this extraordinary NLC season, we have analyzed long-term Aura/MLS satellite data for all available summer periods from 2005 to 2021. Both Aura/MLS summer temperature and water vapor in the mesopause region, between about 79 and 89 km altitude, have been considered. There has been a decrease in the summer mesopause temperature between 2016 and 2020. At the same time, water vapor mixing ratio has significantly increased (by about 12–17%) in the zonal mean H<sub>2</sub>O value in the 2020 summer compared to 2017. There exists a positive linear trend in the H<sub>2</sub>O amount by about 5% between 2005 and 2021 at middle latitudes 45–50°N at 0.0046 hPa. A combination of lower mesopause temperature and water vapor mixing ratio maximum at middle latitudes is the main reason for frequent and widespread occurrences of NLCs seen around the globe at middle latitudes in the summer of 2020. The 24th solar cycle minimum can explain neither the H<sub>2</sub>O maximum nor NLC maximum in 2020.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100920"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49359984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Hot-water rescue ice drilling system to recover subglacial lake exploring sonde: General concept 用于恢复冰下湖泊探测探测器的热水救援冰钻系统：一般概念

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2022.100919

An Liu , Xiaopeng Fan , Pavel Talalay , Rusheng Wang , Xiao Li

引用次数: 0

The rapid shift of intertidal macroalgal assemblage from vertical shoreline profiles in Barton Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica during summer 南极乔治王岛巴顿半岛夏季潮间带大型藻类群落从垂直海岸线剖面的快速变化

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2023.100927

Young Wook Ko , Dong Seok Lee , Sanghee Kim , Jeong Ha Kim , Han-Gu Choi

{"title":"The rapid shift of intertidal macroalgal assemblage from vertical shoreline profiles in Barton Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica during summer","authors":"Young Wook Ko , Dong Seok Lee , Sanghee Kim , Jeong Ha Kim , Han-Gu Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2023.100927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2023.100927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Temporal variability and the vertical shoreline profile of an intertidal macroalgal assemblage were examined on the coast of Barton Peninsula, Maxwell Bay, King George Island, Antarctica. Sampling was performed during the three austral summer seasons from November 2016 to January 2019. The sampling interval for the summer shift was 1–2 months. Eighteen algal species were identified, with 75% relative coverage of the predominant red alga <em>Iridaea cordata</em> and endemic brown alga <em>Phaeurus antarcticus</em>. Temporal variation in the macroalgal assemblage showed 78.35% similarity between one month and 64.61% similarity between two months. Contour plots for visualizing macroalgal distribution were first attempted in this study, and compared to general distribution of tables and diagrams that were discontinuously expressed. The coastscape was expressed more quantitatively and continuously, and was also useful for explaining temporal changes such as summer abundance can be described as a shift from <em>I. cordata</em> to <em>P. antarcticus</em>. In addition, in terms of species composition, this study area corresponds to the middle to lower intertidal zone and shows the highest species diversity in King George Island, so it is expected to provide important information for the researches in Antarctic intertidal zones.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100927"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49652733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Spatial dynamics of macrofauna with special reference to bivalve molluscs in the Arctic Kongsfjord, Svalbard, Norway 挪威斯瓦尔巴群岛北极Kongsfjord地区大型动物的空间动力学——以双壳类软体动物为例

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2022.100916

N.K. Aswathy , P.P. Krishnapriya , P. Neenu , S. Bijoy Nandan , M. Jima , P.R. Jayachandran , M. Harikrishnan , K.P. Krishnan

{"title":"Spatial dynamics of macrofauna with special reference to bivalve molluscs in the Arctic Kongsfjord, Svalbard, Norway","authors":"N.K. Aswathy , P.P. Krishnapriya , P. Neenu , S. Bijoy Nandan , M. Jima , P.R. Jayachandran , M. Harikrishnan , K.P. Krishnan","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2022.100916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polar.2022.100916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current study is based on benthic samples collected as a part of the Indian Arctic Expedition, from eight stations of varying depths (29 m–292 m). The study focused on the community pattern of macrobenthos in the inner and outer fjord areas of Kongsfjord, with an emphasis on the bivalve community and the main factors affecting its distribution. The macrofaunal community was mainly composed of foraminiferans, nematodes, polychaetes, gastropods, bivalves, ostracods, copepods, amphipods and fish larvae. As most of the macrofaunal taxa were less sensitive to glacial-derived sedimentation process, their abundance was higher towards the inner fjord areas. Among the major taxa 14 species of foraminiferans, 18 species of nematodes, 8 species of polychaetes and 19 species of bivalves were identified. Across the entire study area, the bivalve <em>Yoldiella</em> sp. (15%) had the highest relative abundance. There is significant variation in the diversity and distribution of bivalves in the outer and inner fjord. The spatial distribution of bivalves showed that, stations 3, 4 and 5 had the highest numerical abundance compared to other. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed that faunal distribution is mainly influenced by depth, salinity, sediment granulometry, and organic carbon content.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100916"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49864825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Application of the Biolog EcoPlate™ technique for assessing the microbial metabolic diversity in moss profiles of continental Antarctica Biolog EcoPlate的应用™ 南极大陆苔藓剖面微生物代谢多样性评价技术

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2023.100924

Yudai Nagata , Takashi Osono , Motohiro Hasegawa , Satoru Hobara , Dai Hirose , Yukiko Tanabe , Sakae Kudoh , Masaki Uchida

{"title":"Application of the Biolog EcoPlate™ technique for assessing the microbial metabolic diversity in moss profiles of continental Antarctica","authors":"Yudai Nagata , Takashi Osono , Motohiro Hasegawa , Satoru Hobara , Dai Hirose , Yukiko Tanabe , Sakae Kudoh , Masaki Uchida","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2023.100924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2023.100924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Little is known about metabolic capabilities of microbial assemblages in continental Antarctic to utilize diverse carbon sources within moss profiles consisting of live, senescent, and dead moss tissues in different stages of decomposition. In the present study, microbial metabolic diversity was determined using Biolog EcoPlate™ for samples of <em>Bryum pseudotriquetrum</em>/<em>B. archangelicum</em> complex collected at five sites located in coastal outcrops of the Lützow-Holm Bay area (Queen Maud Land), East continental Antarctica, and effects of chemical, biological, and physical properties of the moss tissues were explored. The average well-color development, the number of substrates utilized, Simpson's diversity index and equitability of the microbial substrate utilization, and the utilization of carbohydrates, amino acids/amines, carboxylic acids, and polymers varied significantly among the five sites and among four layers of moss profiles. Principal component analysis showed that the utilization of L-asparagine, L-arginine, D-galacturonic acid, Tween 40, Tween 80, and D-mannitol mainly contributed to the variance in the microbial metabolic diversity between sites and moss profiles. The linear mixed models indicated that the relative content of recalcitrant organic components, the number of fungal species, and the water content of moss tissues affected the diversity of microbial utilization of carbon sources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100924"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44801729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

New approaches to modeling the critical refreezing length of a Philberth melt probe for ice sheet exploration 用于冰盖探测的Philberth融化探针临界再冻结长度建模的新方法

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2023.100926

Yazhou Li , Pavel G. Talalay , Xiaopeng Fan , Bing Li , Liang Xu , Yuting Ye , Yue Wang

{"title":"New approaches to modeling the critical refreezing length of a Philberth melt probe for ice sheet exploration","authors":"Yazhou Li , Pavel G. Talalay , Xiaopeng Fan , Bing Li , Liang Xu , Yuting Ye , Yue Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2023.100926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2023.100926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, interest in using Philberth melt probes in the exploration of subglacial lakes or extraterrestrial ice-covered planets has significantly increased. Consequently, several Philberth melt probes have been developed or are currently being developed. The critical refreezing length is a key parameter in determining the distribution of the lateral heater of the Philberth melt probe. In this study, two new approaches for calculating the critical refreezing length were proposed. Approach I was established based on the refreezing of a virtual borehole, whereas approach II was developed in the COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6a software by modeling the phase change of water and ice in the non-heated section of the Philberth melt probe. The two novel approaches were validated with the field test results of RECoverable Autonomous Sonde (RECAS) in Antarctica. The difference between the two approaches and the existing calculation methods was less than 32% and approach I presented a smaller critical refreezing length. The thermal head efficiency and ice temperature had significant influence on the critical refreezing length. Usually, the critical refreezing length increased with an increase in the thermal-head diameter, penetration rate, and ice temperature, whereas it decreased with an increase in the thermal head efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100926"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45042180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving the quality of implementation of the container transportation project along the NSR based on the environmental and energy transition agenda 根据环境和能源转型议程，提高“北方航道”沿线集装箱运输项目的实施质量

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2022.100923

Dmitry Radoushinsky , Alexandra Radushinskaya , Mark Khaykin

{"title":"Improving the quality of implementation of the container transportation project along the NSR based on the environmental and energy transition agenda","authors":"Dmitry Radoushinsky , Alexandra Radushinskaya , Mark Khaykin","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2022.100923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2022.100923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The article considers the possibilities of improving the quality of transportation project along the Northern Sea Route (NSR) within the environmental and energy transition agendas. A multiple increase in the cost of container freight in 2019–2021 is considered as an economic incentive to justify the feasibility of a large-scale expansion of transit container traffic along the NSR by 2030–2035 within the Northern Maritime Transit Corridor (NMTC) project. It will require the construction of specialized ice-class ships in compliance with the general emission requirements set by the IMO for new ships, as well as the requirements of the IMO's International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters (Polar Code). To ensure the eco-economic efficiency of NSR transit, the need to organize transshipment hubs is also taken into account. The paper provides a generalized assessment of the energy and eco-saving potential of ice-class ships, depending on different types of main fuel and vessel average speed index. The obtained results preliminary evaluate the energy and eco-efficiency of solutions for installing LNG and hythane engines at modern polar ships, including designing specialized bulk container ships. The prominent restrictions on the implementation of the NMTC project in the context of current anti-Russian sanctions, were also considered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100923"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41631566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Life history and population structure of the Antarctic icefish, Pagetopsis maculata (Notothenioidei, Channichthyidae) from the Weddell Sea 威德尔海南极冰鱼Pagetopsis maculata的生活史和种群结构

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2022.100917

Mario La Mesa , Fortunata Donato , Emilio Riginella

{"title":"Life history and population structure of the Antarctic icefish, Pagetopsis maculata (Notothenioidei, Channichthyidae) from the Weddell Sea","authors":"Mario La Mesa , Fortunata Donato , Emilio Riginella","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2022.100917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2022.100917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The life history traits of many large-sized and commercial Antarctic icefishes are reasonably well known, except for smaller species such as <em>Pagetopsis maculata</em> Barsukov and Permitin, 1958. Therefore, we provide, for the first-time, data on growth and reproductive biology of this species based on a representative sample collected in the Weddell Sea during summer. Individual age and gonad stage of development were assessed by sagittal otolith readings and histological analysis of gonads respectively. The sampled population had an equal sex ratio and was composed of adult specimens spread over a wide size range. Both sexes exhibited isometric body growth and comparable condition factors. The estimated life span and growth parameters were similar between sexes, although females attained a larger asymptotic size than males, consistent with the length-frequency distributions. Typically, the reproductive investment of females, based on the gonadosomatic index, was larger than in males, although they both attained sexual maturity at a similar size. Most individuals were at an advanced stage of gonad maturity, indicating imminent spawning in late summer-early autumn. Compared to other icefish species with different geographical distributions, maximum sizes and lifestyles, <em>P. maculata</em> had the lowest growth performance and reproductive investment, primarily because of its smaller body size.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100917"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42972119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Harmonization of interests during Arctic industrial development: The case of mining corporation and indigenous peoples in Russia 北极工业发展中的利益协调:以俄罗斯矿业公司与土著居民为例

IF 1.8 4区地球科学

Polar Science Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.polar.2022.100915

Andrey Novoselov , Ivan Potravny , Irina Novoselova , Violetta Gassiy , Antonina Sharkova

{"title":"Harmonization of interests during Arctic industrial development: The case of mining corporation and indigenous peoples in Russia","authors":"Andrey Novoselov , Ivan Potravny , Irina Novoselova , Violetta Gassiy , Antonina Sharkova","doi":"10.1016/j.polar.2022.100915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polar.2022.100915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The article discusses the mechanism of coordination and harmonization of the interests between indigenous peoples and a mining company during projects implementation on the Arctic industrial development. The purpose of the study is to substantiate methodological approaches for taking into account the interests of the local population when choosing compensation projects in the area of planned mining activities. The hypothesis of the study is the possibility of finding compromise options between field development and economic interests of the local community. The case of extraction project in Anabar national (Dolgan-Evenki) region of Yakutia shows that insufficient consideration of the indigenous interests can lead to conflicts. The methodology of the research consists of the concept of benefit sharing, impact assessment, sociological research. To assess the degree of interaction between the mining company and the local community, a matrix of the balance of their interests has been developed, coupled with an optimization model for the formation of an optimal set of compensation projects. In Results the authors present the methodological tools to provide economic guarantees of the rights of the indigenous peoples during Arctic industrial development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20316,"journal":{"name":"Polar Science","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100915"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47445772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3