利用固定回声探测仪在一个共同的猎物基地上描绘南极呼吸式捕食者的潜水模式

IF 1.5 4区 地球科学 Q3 ECOLOGY
Pavanee Annasawmy , John K. Horne , Christian S. Reiss , Gavin J. Macaulay
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引用次数: 0

摘要

通过三个停泊在水下的上视回声探测仪监测了呼吸空气的食肉动物的潜水模式。在活动声学记录中,开始和/或返回海面的回声可显示完整和部分潜水剖面。下潜指标:测量最大下潜深度、持续时间和摆动次数,并计算每个地点的角度、距离和速度。潜水形状 "U"、"V "和 "W "是根据摆动次数和潜底时间百分比得出的。潜水剖面分为四种类型,第一类潜水总持续时间和距离短、速度低、角度小、水浅,并与 "U "形和 "W "形有关。第 2 类潜水距离短、速度低、深度浅,与 "V "形潜水有关。第 3 类和第 4 类潜水与第 1 类和第 2 类相比,速度较快、角度较大、总持续时间较长、深度较深。观察到的潜水类型可能与捕食者的旅行、探索和觅食行为相对应。捕食者与被捕食者之间存在明显的重叠,捕食者潜水剖面计数与磷虾聚集厚度、密度和深度相关。这项研究证明了利用固定主动声学技术识别捕食者潜水剖面并同时描述潜在猎物场的实用性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Characterizing Antarctic air-breathing predator dive patterns on a common prey base from stationary echosounders

Diving patterns of air-breathing predators were monitored from three moored subsurface upward-looking echosounders. Complete and partial dive profiles were visible on active acoustic records as echoes that started and/or returned to the surface. Dive metrics: maximum dive depths, durations, and wiggle count were measured and angles, distances, and velocities, were calculated at each site. Dive shapes ‘U’, ‘V’ and ‘W’ were derived using the number of wiggles and the percentage of dive bottom time. Dive profiles were classified into four types with type 1 dives being short in total duration and distance, low velocities, small angles, shallow, and linked to ‘U’ and ‘W’ shapes. Type 2 dives were short in distance, had low velocities, shallow depths, and were linked to ‘V’ dives. Dive types 3 and 4 had higher velocities, larger angles, longer total durations, and were deeper than types 1 and 2. Observed dive types could correspond to travelling, exploring, and foraging predator behaviors. Significant predator-prey overlaps occurred with predator dive profile counts correlated with krill aggregation thickness, density, and depth. This study demonstrates the utility of using stationary active acoustics to identify predator dive profiles with a simultaneous characterization of the potential prey field.

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来源期刊
Polar Science
Polar Science ECOLOGY-GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
5.60%
发文量
46
期刊介绍: Polar Science is an international, peer-reviewed quarterly journal. It is dedicated to publishing original research articles for sciences relating to the polar regions of the Earth and other planets. Polar Science aims to cover 15 disciplines which are listed below; they cover most aspects of physical sciences, geosciences and life sciences, together with engineering and social sciences. Articles should attract the interest of broad polar science communities, and not be limited to the interests of those who work under specific research subjects. Polar Science also has an Open Archive whereby published articles are made freely available from ScienceDirect after an embargo period of 24 months from the date of publication. - Space and upper atmosphere physics - Atmospheric science/climatology - Glaciology - Oceanography/sea ice studies - Geology/petrology - Solid earth geophysics/seismology - Marine Earth science - Geomorphology/Cenozoic-Quaternary geology - Meteoritics - Terrestrial biology - Marine biology - Animal ecology - Environment - Polar Engineering - Humanities and social sciences.
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