Progress in Oceanography最新文献

{"title":"Which processes structure global pelagic ecosystems and control their trophic functioning? Insights from the mechanistic model APECOSM","authors":"Laureline Dalaut ,&nbsp;Nicolas Barrier ,&nbsp;Matthieu Lengaigne ,&nbsp;Jonathan Rault ,&nbsp;Alejandro Ariza ,&nbsp;Mokrane Belharet ,&nbsp;Adrien Brunel ,&nbsp;Ralf Schwamborn ,&nbsp;Mariana Travassos-Tolotti ,&nbsp;Olivier Maury","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pelagic ecosystems are distributed throughout the world’s seas and oceans. They are characterised by strong vertical structuring, horizontal heterogeneity and temporal variability, which pose significant challenges for modelling them on a global scale. In this paper, we use the mechanistic high trophic level model APECOSM (Apex Predators ECOSystem Model) to assess how the physical and biogeochemical environment constrains the structure and trophic functioning of pelagic ecosystems worldwide.</div><div>To this end, we configure the model to represent the three-dimensional and size-structured dynamics of six generic pelagic communities: small and medium epipelagics, tropical tunas, mesopelagic feeding tunas, small coastal pelagics, mesopelagic residents and mesopelagic migrants. We analyse their emergent three-dimensional spatial structuring on a global scale.</div><div>We first show that the modelled horizontal and vertical distributions are consistent with the observed data. We then analyse the role of key environmental drivers, such as temperature, light, primary production, currents and oxygen on the response of the communities. Finally, we explore the trophic functioning of pelagic ecosystems, focusing on the emergent diets of communities and their variation with organism size.</div><div>This study demonstrates the ability of a mechanistic ecosystem model to represent the multidimensional structural heterogeneity of marine ecosystems globally (encompassing three-dimensional distribution, size variations, and community composition) from a small set of universal principles and well-defined hypotheses. This approach helps to understand how the various processes at stake act and interact to shape the structure of global pelagic ecosystems, and eventually elucidate the heterogeneity of their trophic functioning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 103480"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future climate projections in the global coastal ocean","authors":"Jason Holt ,&nbsp;Anna Katavouta ,&nbsp;Joanne Hopkins ,&nbsp;Laurent O. Amoudry ,&nbsp;Christian M. Appendini ,&nbsp;Lars Arneborg ,&nbsp;Alex Arnold ,&nbsp;Yuri Artioli ,&nbsp;Jerome Aucan ,&nbsp;Barbara Berx ,&nbsp;Laura Cagigal ,&nbsp;Michela De Dominicis ,&nbsp;Cléa Denamiel ,&nbsp;Giovanni Galli ,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Graham ,&nbsp;Zoe Jacobs ,&nbsp;Svetlana Jevrejeva ,&nbsp;Bahareh Kamranzad ,&nbsp;Clothilde Langlais ,&nbsp;Morten Andreas Dahl Larsen ,&nbsp;Nadia Pinardi","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resilient coastal communities and sustainable marine economies require actionable knowledge to plan for and adapt to emerging and potential future climate change, particularly in relation to ecosystem services and coastal hazards. Such knowledge necessarily draws heavily on coastal ocean modelling of future climate impacts, using a great diversity of both global and regional approaches to explore multiple societal challenges in coastal and shelf seas around the world. In this paper, we explore the challenges, solutions and benefits of developing a better coordinated and global approach to future climate impacts modelling of the coastal ocean, in the context of the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development project Future Coastal Ocean Climates (FLAME; part of the CoastPredict programme). Particularly, we address the need for diverse modelling approaches to meet different societal challenges, how regions can be harmonised through clustering and typology approaches, and how coordination of experimental designs can promote a better understanding of uncertainties and regional responses. Improved harmonisation of future climate impact projections in the global coastal ocean would allow sectoral and cross-sectoral global scale risk assessments, improve process understanding and help build capacity in under-represented areas such as the global south and small island developing states. We conclude with a proposed framework for a Global Coastal Ocean Model Intercomparison Project.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 103497"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jet stream poleward migration leads to marine primary production decrease","authors":"Júlia Crespin ,&nbsp;Jordi Solé ,&nbsp;Miquel Canals","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Jet Streams (JS) are powerful upper-tropospheric winds that significantly influence weather and climate. As anthropogenic climate change alters temperature gradients, subtropical JS are expected to shift poleward, which can have unforeseen consequences on midlatitude Earth systems. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, the impact of the steady poleward migration of the Northern Hemisphere subtropical JS on Marine Primary Production (MPP). Using over two decades of data (2000–2023), we establish a direct relationship between the JS latitudinal position and MPP variability in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea. The observed northward migration of approximately 75 km over the study period aligns with a consistent decline in chlorophyll concentrations, representing a 40 % reduction, with rates reaching up to −5% per year. This is attributed to the steady northward seasonal shift of the JS position, which drives changes in northern wind-stress and Ekman pumping, subsequently reducing upwelling occurrence and intensity. While the primary influence of JS position on MPP is seasonal, we demonstrate that its impact extends to non-seasonal components as well. Unlike other studies linking JS shifts to short-term wind stress variations and isolated upwelling events, our findings highlight a long-term impact on MPP. Our findings suggest that JS dynamics is a dominant driver of MPP variability in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea and point to equivalent situations in other marine regions worldwide. The cascading effects of reduced MPP have the potential to significantly impact marine ecosystems and resources, with broader implications for fisheries and the carbon cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 103494"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altimeter-Derived poleward Lagrangian pathways in the California Current System: Part 2 – 2-D patterns of parcel transports","authors":"P. Ted Strub,&nbsp;Corinne James","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we analyze two-dimensional distributions of water parcels as they travel poleward from 35°N in the California Current System (CCS). Daily, altimeter-derived velocities are used to carry the parcels, with and without the addition of Ekman transports. Poleward-traveling parcels use the Inshore Countercurrent (ICC) off southern and central California in summer and autumn, connecting to the Davidson Current (DC) off northern California, Oregon and Washington in autumn–winter. Water parcels from southern/central California are more successful in reaching north of 43°N (Cape Blanco) when they travel in the geostrophic flow beneath the Ekman layer. The years when the greatest number of parcels arrive north of 43°N are often (not always) El Niño years. During years with successful poleward transports, local wind forcing is stronger north of 38°, especially around the large capes, 39°-43°N. These winds increase poleward geostrophic currents north of 38°-40°N and increase transports past the large-cape region. Examination of individual years demonstrates that this region is a ‘leaky obstacle’ for the poleward parcel transports, resisting those transports when there are ‘broken’ (discontinuous) patterns of poleward geostrophic velocities in the large-cape region. Distant forcing of signals from the equator along the ‘Oceanic Pathway’ primarily increases the poleward transports during El Niños with dominant eastern Pacific signatures, especially 1997–98 and 2015–16. However, this oceanic distant forcing enhances poleward geostrophic currents south of 40°N and is less effective in moving parcels around the large capes. Local wind forcing farther north is more effective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 103495"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatty acid profiles of two pelagic fish species in the NW Mediterranean: Reproductive and environmental implications","authors":"Mar Vila-Belmonte ,&nbsp;Ricard Bou ,&nbsp;Josep Lloret","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study examines the fatty acid (FA) profiles of the Atlantic chub mackerel (<em>Scomber colias</em>) and the Mediterranean horse mackerel (<em>Trachurus mediterraneus</em>), from the NW Mediterranean, focusing on FA distribution across maturity stages in three lipid fractions: reserve lipids, membrane lipids, and free fatty acids (FFAs). Results show that the reserve FA fraction primarily influences the total FA profile during reproductive stages. PERMANOVA analysis indicated that 82.45 % of the variance was explained by species, lipid fractions, maturity stages and their interaction, with DHA, C18:1n-9, and C16:0 identified as key contributors. In total FA, the predominant FA were polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) (37.19–54.72 %). The highest values for monounsaturated FAs were found in the reserve FA fraction (20.17–38.27 %). PUFAs were predominant in the membrane lipids (&gt;60 % for each species), especially DHA (49.89–56.51 %) and were also substantial (27.68–43.10 %) in the reserve lipids. Saturated FAs were predominant in the FFA fraction (48.84–64.77 %). A comparative analysis with other small pelagic fish in the region addresses the influence of environmental factors, seasonality, and feeding strategies in lipid profiles of pelagic fish in the NW Mediterranean. These findings contribute to our understanding of how environmental stressors, such as rising sea temperatures, affect the health and condition of marine fish, with broader implications for marine food webs and trophic interactions in a changing climate. The results also support that monitoring PUFAs (particularly EPA and DHA) in pelagic fish could serve as indicator of the health of both the stock and the pelagic environment they live.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 103490"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Episodic deep vertical mixing in the Rhodes gyre (Mediterranean Sea) triggers an exceptional mesozooplankton outburst","authors":"Ioanna Siokou ,&nbsp;Nikolaos Simantiris ,&nbsp;Epaminondas D. Christou ,&nbsp;Alexander Theocharis","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Northwest Levantine Basin of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea has been historically considered as the source region of the Levantine Intermediate Water of the Mediterranean, which is formed in the permanent Rhodes cyclonic gyre. In late winter-early spring 1992, an unusual deep mixing of the water column down to 2000 dbar was observed. This event, caused by synergy of extreme meteorological winter conditions and hydrodynamical regime, led for first time to deep water formation; the new Levantine deep water mass replaced and/or mixed locally with the deep water mass of Adriatic origin, which dominated since the beginning of the 20th century. The hydrological characteristics of the newly formed water were different from the old ones, which historically occupied the deep and bottom layers of the entire Eastern Mediterranean. Since then, similar extreme event has not been reported. Mesozooplankton samples were collected in the 0–300 m layer of the Rhodes gyre, the Cretan Sea and the Cretan Passage. Zooplankton abundance was found three to fivefold higher in the 0–50 m layer of the Rhodes gyre than in that of the adjacent areas. This increase should be related to the water deep mixing and the resulted uplifting of nutrients and phytoplankton increment. In the core of the gyre and down to 300 m, the community was characterized by the abundance of <em>Subeucalanus monachus</em> adults, late copepodids and nauplii (almost 50 % of copepods in the 0–50 m layer). The formation of the new Levantine deep water in combination with the Eastern Mediterranean Transient event that was in progress, revealed a new hydrological regime in the NW Levantine Sea compared to the traditional one. The observed very deep convection supported an exceptional mesozooplankton outburst in a cyclonic gyre surrounded by the very oligotrophic Eastern Mediterranean waters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 103496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating isoscapes and amino acid δ15N analyses to reveal migration patterns and habitat use of molids in the western Pacific Ocean","authors":"Ching-Tsun Chang ,&nbsp;Daniel J. Madigan ,&nbsp;Aaron B. Carlisle ,&nbsp;Natalie Wallsgrove ,&nbsp;Itsumi Nakamura ,&nbsp;Marianne Nyegaard ,&nbsp;Valerie Allain ,&nbsp;Jeffrey C. Drazen ,&nbsp;Wei-Chuan Chiang ,&nbsp;Brian N. Popp","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the movement ecology and resource use of pelagic fishes is essential for their conservation and management. Molids, as predators of gelatinous zooplankton, play important ecological roles in the gelatinous food webs and undertake long-distance migrations across the Pacific Ocean. This study used a novel combination of isotope-based approaches, including isoscapes, compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids, and Bayesian mixing models, to investigate the migration patterns and habitat uses of molids (<em>Mola mola</em> and <em>M. alexandrini</em>) at a population level in the western Pacific Ocean. Results from isoscapes revealed that most molids in Japan, Taiwan, and New Caledonia might be local residents, with measured δ¹⁵N values aligning with predicted isoscape values. However, some larger individuals in Japan and Taiwan showed δ¹⁵N values higher than predicted, suggesting recent migrations from isotopically distinct regions. In New Zealand, the measured δ¹⁵N values of molids did not overlap with predicted values, indicating non-residency. Source amino acid δ¹⁵N values and Bayesian mixing models suggest that local residents in Japan and Taiwan primarily consumed local prey, whereas recent migrants with higher δ¹⁵N values may originate from the warm pool region, potentially linked to spawning behavior. Molids in New Caledonia and New Zealand likely migrate from regions with isotopic values distinct from the local food web base. The cross-regional movements of molids highlight the importance of understanding connectivity within the western Pacific Ocean. Identifying migratory corridors and key habitats, such as spawning and feeding grounds, is essential for developing regional and international conservation strategies that ensure the long-term sustainability of molid populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 103492"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upper-layer circulation at the mouth of Amundsen Gulf, Arctic Ocean","authors":"Peigen Lin ,&nbsp;Robert S. Pickart ,&nbsp;Maria Pisareva ,&nbsp;Bill Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amundsen Gulf, located between the Canadian north slope and Banks Island, is the western-most entrance to the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, providing a bridge between the western Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic. Using timeseries from 13 moorings in the vicinity of the mouth of Amundsen Gulf deployed from 2003 to 2004, we investigate the mean state and dominant variability of the circulation in the upper 50 m layer which consists of boundary currents on both sides of the gulf and anticyclonic recirculation in the interior. We find that the flow on the western side of the gulf switches directions in response to the wind: inflow under northwesterly winds and outflow under southeasterly winds. Such a relationship persists throughout the year, except during periods of fast ice coverage. By contrast, the current on the eastern side of Amundsen Gulf consistently flows into the gulf for most of the year and is only weakly correlated with the western boundary current or local winds. Instead, the flow aligns more with the circulation along the eastern side of Banks Island which is linked to the southeastern extension and movement of the Beaufort Gyre, and, in turn, the basin-scale wind stress curl. Three distinct water masses were observed at the mouth of the gulf during the year-long period: fresh water in fall that originates in the basin and penetrates into the gulf; cold/salty water in winter that is intermittently advected into the gulf from the eastern boundary current; and warm water in summer that appears in open ocean regions where atmospheric heating occurs, independent of the detailed circulation structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 103491"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Massive occurrence of a new soft-walled monothalamous foraminifer, Bathyallogromia brandtae n.sp., in the hadal Aleutian trench","authors":"Jan Pawlowski ,&nbsp;Andrew J. Gooday ,&nbsp;Maria Holzmann","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large numbers of spherical, organic-walled, monothalamous foraminifera were observed and isolated from the fine-sized sediment fraction collected at hadal depths in the Aleutian trench. The foraminifer was one of the few living species found among diatom frustules that make up most of this sediment fraction. Morphologically, the species resembles the genus <em>Bathyallogromia</em> described from the Weddell Sea and subsequently found in the abyssal Arctic Ocean, and other high latitude areas but never in such massive abundance. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on partial 18S rRNA gene sequences confirmed its generic identification as a new species within the <em>Bathyallogromia</em> clade that is described here as <em>Bathyallogromia brandtae</em> sp.nov. Our study offers new evidence that deep-sea monothalamous foraminifera can proliferate in extreme hadal settings and have biogeographic distributions that are more restricted than is commonly assumed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 103493"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basin-wide morphology and metabarcoding-based comparison of ichthyoplankton diversity and community structure in the Gulf of Mexico","authors":"Miguel A. Martínez-Mercado ,&nbsp;Jesus C. Compaire ,&nbsp;Frank J. Hernández ,&nbsp;Glenn Zapfe ,&nbsp;Sylvia P.A. Jiménez-Rosenberg ,&nbsp;Anaid Saavedra-Flores ,&nbsp;Clara E. Galindo-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Leticia Barbero ,&nbsp;Sharon Z. Herzka","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Comprehensive surveys of marine fish egg and larval assemblages provide insight into spawning distribution, dispersal, transport processes, connectivity, and recruitment. We report on a rare basin-wide synoptic survey of fish eggs and larvae sampled throughout the Gulf of Mexico (GoM), including the Loop Current (LC) and Bahamas Channel in the Atlantic. Based on paired sample collections, we identified fish larvae through morphology-based identification at the family level and with cytochrome oxidase I metabarcoding to genera or species; eggs were identified by metabarcoding. Sampling within one-month during summer 2017 included on-shelf (&lt;200 m depth) and off-shelf stations (depths &gt;1000 m). We found general agreement between identification approaches at the family level, but the higher taxonomic resolution achieved with metabarcoding and the inclusion of ecological information such as adult habitat indicated three predominant assemblages: oceanic, shelf, and LC-associated. In larval samples, 72 and 77 families were identified based on morphology and metabarcoding, respectively and 62 families (70 %) were identified with both methods. Thirty-nine families were identified in fish egg samples, likely due to their shorter stage duration. The greater taxonomic resolution of metabarcoding yielded 265 and 75 species in larvae and egg samples, respectively. While family-level diversity indices did not differ between on and off-shelf assemblages, species-level analysis indicated significantly higher egg and larval diversity at on-shelf stations. Hence, family-level analyses may be too coarse to elucidate patterns in alpha diversity. Family-level cluster analysis indicated on– and off-shelf stations grouped separately, except for an off-shelf station off the Mississippi River that reflected local offshore transport of neritic taxa. Metabarcoding detected an additional cluster within the LC’s path of travel that included Caribbean reef taxa. All off-shelf stations included larvae of neritic families, reflecting offshore transport throughout the GoM. In contrast, only some on-shelf stations included oceanic families, indicating less prevalent oceanic-to-shelf transport. Amplicon sequence variants, roughly indicative of abundance, showed a positive association with mean water column temperature and dissolved oxygen, known to influence spawning and larval growth and development, as well as surface chlorophyll, a proxy for larval food availability. Off-shelf stations were positively correlated with indicators of water masses and mesoscale eddies. Similar results were found for the egg stage, but the correlation with chlorophyll <em>a</em> was insignificant, consistent with endogenous feeding during the embryonic stage. Our synoptic view of the GoM’s early life stages of fishes can serve as a reference for examining the impacts of climate change and other anthropogenic disturbances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 103482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}