Progress in Oceanography最新文献

{"title":"Seamounts create local hotspots of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the oligotrophic open ocean","authors":"Bowen Hou ,&nbsp;Jialin Tang ,&nbsp;Qijun Gong ,&nbsp;Zhihui Yang ,&nbsp;Lilan Zhang ,&nbsp;Dong Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As one persistent organic pollutant, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely present in oceans. Seamounts, widely distributed in the global deep sea, are hotspots for marine biodiversity and a wide range of fishery resources, can dramatically alter ocean currents direction and then regulate the distribution of pollutants. However, their impact on PFAS distribution is still unknown. This study conducted the first comprehensive depth-profile investigation of PFAS distribution in the Caiwei, Weijia, and Fedorov seamounts along the Magellan Seamount Chain in the Northwestern Pacific. Here, we report 15 targeted PFAS in seawater of the deep-sea seamount. The main findings of the study are as follows: (1) the average depth-integrated concentration of PFAS in the water column shallower than 1000 m at seamount summits were 112.0 ± 78.4 pg/L, which were 1.4 times higher than those at the surrounding basin reference stations; (2) the mesopelagic zone of seamounts is a hotspot for PFAS distribution, characterized by obvious enrichment, highlighting a distinct “PFAS seamount effect”; (3) alternative PFAS account for a higher proportion than legacy PFAS and exists obvious enrichment in the mesopelagic zone, indicating that alternative PFAS are the dominated PFAS pollutants in this region. This study highlights the importance of enhanced baseline monitoring of pollutants, particularly alternative PFAS concentrations, in conservation efforts for seamount protection strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 103543"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acoustic evidence of fronts and warm currents as hotspots for biological aggregation in the winter Eastern China shelf Sea","authors":"Lingyun Nie ,&nbsp;Jianchao Li ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Peng Sun ,&nbsp;Zhenjiang Ye ,&nbsp;Honghai Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuyang Ma ,&nbsp;Wenchao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongjun Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine organism hotspots are critical for sustaining ecosystems and marine biological resources. However, remote sensing and station sampling alone cannot fully capture the detailed biological aggregation patterns beneath the sea surface, particularly in dynamic and rapidly shifting shelf-sea environments. The Eastern China Shelf Sea (ECSS) exhibits high productivity during winter, with strong fronts formed by different water masses. The suitability of the overwintering environment (warm and high nutrient) directly influences population recruitment dynamics. We aimed to use the sound scattering layer (SSL) as an indicator of biological hotspots in the ECSS during the winter of 2019/2020. Additionally, Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) were employed to investigate the effects of abiotic factors on SSL metrics. Our findings include: (1) The SSL was primarily located in the frontal and warm-current regions, with greater biological aggregation on the warm side of the front; (2) Diurnal variations in SSL depth were more pronounced in far shore warm water zones; (3) Fortnightly SSL variability, with SSL occurrences centered around the full moon spring tide, and greater acoustically observed biomass during spring tide than neap tide. In contrast to remote sensing, acoustics effectively captures hotspots of unseen underwater organism aggregation. These findings provide acoustic evidence that fronts and warm currents serve as hotspots for biological aggregation, enhancing our understanding of the relationship between aggregation and ocean biogeophysical processes from an underwater acoustic perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 103542"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal variability of phytoplankton biomass and algae blooms in the open Black Sea","authors":"Oleg Yunev ,&nbsp;Jacob Carstensen ,&nbsp;Vyacheslav Suslin ,&nbsp;Vladimir Belokopytov ,&nbsp;Ludmila Stelmakh ,&nbsp;Elena Zhuk","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated long-term changes and seasonality of phytoplankton carbon biomass and algae blooms in the open Black Sea surface layer within the post-eutrophication period (1998–2022). Phytoplankton carbon biomass was calculated from satellite-derived chlorophyll <em>a</em> concentration using carbon-to-chlorophyll <em>a</em> ratio from in situ measurements. This allowed us to identify the months experiencing algal blooms within this period (August – November). We show that phytoplankton biomass and bloom frequency were negatively coupled to the vertical density gradient, suggesting that these features were driven possibly by large diatoms harvesting nutrients from deeper depths. Our results also suggest that photoinhibition, together with high vertical density gradients, could reduce phytoplankton biomass and blooms in the surface layer during summer, with the first signs of alleviation in August. Our study also discusses the large differences in drivers of the phytoplankton community between three distinct periods: the pre-eutrophication (before the early 1970 s), intense phase of eutrophication (mid-1980 s – early 1990 s) and post-eutrophication, and conclude that decadal changes in climate and nutrient inputs caused substantial changes in phytoplankton biomass and algae blooms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 103541"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responses of Subantarctic mode water spreading to Southern Annular Mode in Southern Indian Ocean","authors":"Zishan Qiu ,&nbsp;Jian Lan ,&nbsp;Zexun Wei ,&nbsp;Tengfei Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Subantarctic Mode Water (SAMW) is a voluminous water mass with relatively uniform physical properties in the Southern Ocean and plays an important role in ocean heat uptake, transport, and storage. Based on Argo observations, this study investigates how the spreading of Southeast Indian Subantarctic Mode Water (SEISAMW) responds to the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). The results show that the meridional shift of the outcrop line, which controls the variations of SEISAMW spreading, is closely linked to the SAM index. This shift is dominated by the SAM-related Ekman transport and surface flux. During positive phase of SAM, in response to the weakening of westerlies in the central of Southern Indian Ocean, where lighter (26.6–26.7 <em>σ_θ</em>) SEISAMW forms, the latent heat loss is reduced and Ekman heat transport exhibits positive anomalies, leading to the increase of sea surface temperature (SST). As a result, the outcrop line shifts poleward, which favors less lighter SEISAMW spreading into subtropical gyre. Meanwhile, the southwest wind anomaly south of Australia, where denser (26.7–26.9 <em>σ_θ</em>) SEISAMW forms, brings the cold dry air from higher latitudes and leads to the enhanced evaporation, combined with reduced precipitation, resulting in the increased sea surface salinity (SSS). Consequently, the outcrop line shifts equatorward, which favors more denser SEISAMW spreading into subtropical gyre. The opposite occurs during negative phase of SAM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 103540"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Warming overtakes stratification in driving abundance of copepods with contrasting life histories (Calanus finmarchicus and Centropages typicus) in the Gulf of Maine from 1977 to 2017","authors":"Catherine Nowakowski ,&nbsp;Karen Stamieszkin ,&nbsp;Nicholas R. Record ,&nbsp;Gavino Puggioni ,&nbsp;Harvey J. Walsh ,&nbsp;Kelton W. McMahon","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Copepods are key conduits of energy in ocean food webs, transferring bottom-up biogeochemical cycling and productivity dynamics to upper trophic levels. The Gulf of Maine is a model system for studying relationships among copepod population dynamics, oceanographic conditions, and climate. Past studies have identified large temporal oscillations in copepod species abundance and community composition, aligned with organism size and associated with oscillations in the North Atlantic Oscillation. However, interpreting correlations between climate indices and plankton communities can be complex, as climate indices are the synthesis of multiple large-scale oceanographic phenomena. Our study tested hypotheses about interdecadal trends in, and environmental drivers of, Gulf of Maine copepod abundance, focusing on two species with different life histories and body size. Using a combination of Generalized Additive Models and Markov Switching Models, we identified four key transition periods in both <em>Calanus finmarchicus</em> and <em>Centropages typicus</em> abundance over the past 40 yrs<em>,</em> defined by the years 1986, 1997/2000 (<em>C. finmarchicus</em>/<em>C. typicus</em>), and 2006. The mixed layer depth had the most persistent relationship with copepod abundance from 1977 to the late 1990s in both species, and we hypothesize that hydrographic-nutrient-phytoplankton dynamics were the primary drivers of the changes in interannual copepod abundance. Temperature-related variables, including Gulf of Maine surface temperature and the Warm Slope Water fraction of bottom water, became the primary environmental correlates with abundance after 2006, particularly for <em>C. finmarchicus</em>. This shift indicated a departure from previous multi-decadal environmental drivers of interannual copepod community patterns in the Gulf of Maine. This change was unprecedented in the historical record (1977–2017), and models based on prior time frames (1977–2006) would have been unable to forecast this event. These data highlight the disruptive nature of rapid warming on long-established plankton community dynamics and emphasize the need to account for these nonstationary relationships when developing management tools and strategies in the Gulf of Maine, as well as other regions where rapid warming is expected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 103538"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability of the transition zone chlorophyll front and its relationship to large-scale climate phenomena","authors":"Hui Shi ,&nbsp;Ryan R. Rykaczewski ,&nbsp;Johanna L.K. Wren ,&nbsp;Phoebe Woodworth-Jefcoats ,&nbsp;Justin J. Suca ,&nbsp;Réka Domokos ,&nbsp;Joseph M. O’Malley ,&nbsp;Donald Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Transition Zone Chlorophyll Front (TZCF) is considered a foraging corridor for many commercially important predator species in the North Pacific, including tunas and swordfish, as well as for protected turtles. Here we use nearly three decades of satellite remotely sensed ocean color data to characterize the trends and variability of the TZCF properties, including its location, west/east slope, and the degree of its meandering, and investigate the relationships of these properties with large-scale climate phenomena in the tropics and in the North Pacific. We found that the interannual variability of TZCF properties is associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), and the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO) to various degrees. Variability in the latitude of the front during winter is associated with the PDO and ENSO and is related to anomalies in zonal wind strength that are typical of these climate patterns. Consistent relationships are also found between the climate modes and TZCF slope, and the degree of meandering is best correlated to the NPGO. There has been a significant northward movement of 8.25 km/year of the TZCF, as defined by the 0.2 mg/m³ chlorophyll contour, over the past 26 years. The long-term trend in TZCF location corresponds to a weakening in westerly winds near the front and weakened gyre circulation as manifested by more frequent negative NPGO since 2011. The study extends our previous understanding of the TZCF variability and its linkage to the large-scale climate modes, providing a more robust basis to explore climate impacts on the fisheries linked to TZCF variability in the Northeast Pacific.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 103537"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144613293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity and potential parentage of molluscan (and likely-molluscan) eggs from the Aleutian Trench","authors":"Chong Chen ,&nbsp;Julia D. Sigwart","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many deep-sea molluscs are in taxonomic groups known to deposit demersal egg capsules, but limited information is available on the morphology of molluscan egg capsules from abyssal and hadal depths. During the 2022 “AleutBio” expedition (R/V <em>SONNE</em>, SO293) to the Aleutian Trench, we collected egg capsules from depths ranging between 4,220 and 7,142 m. Morphological analysis revealed eight distinct egg types, ranging from translucent capsules to large, grape-like yolky eggs, and those containing no discernible development to visible embryos. Six of these could be tentatively attributed to known taxa based on co-occurrence and morphology: caenogastropod egg capsules with protoconchs morphologically matching the buccinid <em>Bayerius knudseni</em> (<span><span>Bouchet &amp; Warén, 1986</span></span>), different capsules likely belonging to Cancellariidae and Eulimidae, stalked yolky eggs postulated as being from the rare trench volutid <em>Tenebrincola frigida</em> <span><span>Harasewych &amp; Kantor, 1991</span></span>, and droplet-shaped egg causules consistent with cirrate octopuses of which the emperor’s dumbo octopus (<em>Grimpoteuthis imperator</em> <span><span>Ziegler &amp; Sagorny, 2021</span></span>) is the only species known with certainty from the region. Two other egg types — a small ovate egg with metallic sheen and a cluster of seven grape-like capsules — remain taxonomically unresolved and may or may not be molluscan. Our findings represent the first records of molluscan egg capsules from abyssal to hadal parts of the Aleutian Trench and add to the limited knowledge of deep-sea mollusc spawns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 103535"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144613357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-frequency nonlinear internal waves in the Kuroshio observed by acoustic observations","authors":"Tomoharu Senjyu ,&nbsp;Takahiro Endoh ,&nbsp;Eisuke Tsutsumi ,&nbsp;Takeshi Matsuno ,&nbsp;Hirohiko Nakamura ,&nbsp;Ayako Nishina","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-frequency current fluctuations in the Kuroshio current were observed using a long-range Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) moored in the Tokara Strait. The fluctuations were separated as deviations from the 60-min running averaged currents. The duration of individual fluctuation was 3–5 min and the active fluctuation events occurred diurnally during the period of strong Kuroshio current, suggesting both influences from the Kuroshio and tidal currents. The statistical analyses revealed that the current fluctuations were confined in the mid-depths (158–262 m) and the westward component was dominant in the eastward-flowing Kuroshio currents. Close examination of a fluctuation event revealed that strong westward and downward currents occurred in a rank-ordered wave train consisted of 3–4 waves with a period ∼ 3 min. As this wave period was shorter than the ambient buoyancy period (8–13 min), the observed wave train was considered to be a packet of solitary waves (nonlinear internal waves; NLIWs). The observed current structure with a maximum amplitude at the mid-depths were similar to that of the second mode (mode-2) internal waves based on the observed stratification. In addition, the wave propagation direction estimated from the signal time lags between the ADCP transducers agreed well with the maximum current direction at mid-depths in the event. This strongly suggests that the observed current fluctuations were convex type mode-2 NLIWs. Although the NLIW generation was unclear, a role of small seamounts east of the mooring site was suggested.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 103536"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144613356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and mapping of bathyal benthic communities of Cabo Verde (NW Africa)","authors":"Beatriz Vinha ,&nbsp;Veerle A.I. Huvenne ,&nbsp;Andrea Gori ,&nbsp;Stefano Piraino ,&nbsp;Covadonga Orejas","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Benthic communities, such as those dominated by cold-water corals (CWC) and sponges, contribute to the habitat complexity and diversity of deep-sea ecosystems, with characteristic taxa serving as indicators of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs). Many areas on the West African margin remain under-surveyed for the presence of deep-sea benthic communities and, hence, VMEs, limiting the implementation of marine spatial plans. In this study, the benthic communities of SW Cabo Verde (NW Africa), in particular Cadamosto Seamount (SW Brava Island) and the slopes of the islands of Fogo and Brava, were characterized and mapped, providing an assessment of the potential differences in benthic community composition between the two systems (seamount <em>vs</em> island slopes). We employed machine learning approaches (multivariate regression trees and a Random Forest classification) using data on morphospecies composition and densities retrieved from Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) video data collected from 2,100 to 1,450 m depth, as well as environmental data on substrate type, terrain, and water column parameters. Ten different benthic communities were identified in the study area, with cnidarians, porifera, and echinoderms as the dominant taxa. Higher densities of CWCs and communities with higher species richness were observed on the seamount compared to the adjacent island slopes. Depth, substrate type, pH and dissolved oxygen were identified as the key environmental variables driving habitat heterogeneity. Additionally, communities composed of characteristic taxa with VME attributes were observed, including (i) sponge aggregations, (ii) scleractinian, (iii) octocoral and black CWC gardens, and (iv) sea pen fields. Despite the apparent low impact of fishing activities in the study area, lost fishing gear was noted in areas where CWCs were observed in higher densities. This study provides important information for the implementation of area-based conservation measures in Cabo Verde, following the application of the precautionary principle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 103532"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144613358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OCLE: An updated of the European high-resolution database for assessing marine ecological systems under present conditions and climate change scenarios","authors":"Camino F. de la Hoz,&nbsp;Elvira Ramos,&nbsp;Adrián Acevedo,&nbsp;Melisa Menéndez,&nbsp;Alejandra G. Cabanillas,&nbsp;Araceli Puente,&nbsp;José A. Juanes","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the impacts of climate change on coastal marine species requires high- resolution environmental datasets that integrate physical, chemical, and biological variables. However, existing databases often lack key environmental parameters necessary for accurately assessing species distribution. The OCLE database (<span><span>https://ocle.ihcantabria.com/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>), originally introduced in 2018, has now been significantly updated and expanded to address these limitations and meet current research needs in European littoral ecosystems. This new version of OCLE includes a wide range of 16 environmental variables: wave height, wind speed, currents, bottom current speed, sea level, tidal range, bottom shear stress, sea and air temperature and salinity, alongside physicochemical parameters like light, nutrients, pH, turbidity, and extreme event metrics such as marine heatwaves and cold spells. These data are provided at fine-scale spatial resolution (0.05°, approximately 5 km from the coastline up to 20 km offshore; and 0.1°, approximately 10 km beyond this distance to 70 Km) and temporal resolution (yearly from 2000 to 2023), ensuring an accurate representation of local and regional oceanographic processes. In addition, the database incorporates biological records of 22 macroalgae taxa, enhancing its applicability in species distribution models. To support climate impact assessments, OCLE integrates projections from the latest IPCC AR6 scenarios (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5) for the horizon years 2050 and 2100, allowing researchers to explore potential future shifts in marine ecosystems. By offering freely accessible, spatially homogeneous, and high-resolution environmental data, OCLE represents a major advancement for ecological research, conservation planning, and climate change adaptation strategies. Its integration into ecological forecasting tools provides a valuable resource for assessing the effects of changing environmental conditions on European coastal biodiversity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 103533"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144579249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}