Quaternary Science Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Not by chemistry alone: Tephrostratigraphy, correlation, and context at two Palaeolithic sites in the southern Caucasus and Armenian Highlands","authors":"D.S. Adler ,&nbsp;V.L. Cullen ,&nbsp;K.N. Wilkinson ,&nbsp;B. Gasparyan ,&nbsp;N. Tushabramishvili ,&nbsp;P. Griffith ,&nbsp;C. Mallol ,&nbsp;J.P. Gill ,&nbsp;T.Z. Kovach ,&nbsp;S. Blockley ,&nbsp;P. Glauberman ,&nbsp;V.C. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the timing of Late Pleistocene population expansions and interactions is hindered by myriad factors among which the imprecision of absolute dating is of particular concern. The identification and geochemical characterization of cryptically preserved volcanic ash layers (cryptotephra) in archaeological sites can alleviate this problem, and in the southern Caucasus and Armenian Highlands has allowed for the correlation of lithostratigraphic units at Palaeolithic sites in the two geographic regions. Compositionally distinct tephras (isochrons) allow specific stratigraphic layers to be linked temporally at the sites of Ortvale Klde (OK, Georgia) and Lusakert-1 (LKT-1, Armenia). The ∼30 ka V-18/Nemrut Formation tephra from the Nemrut volcano, eastern Türkiye is correlated with an Upper Palaeolithic layer at OK and a Late Middle Palaeolithic layer at LKT-1. This isochron suggests the long-term regional coexistence of technologically distinct populations, and the late survival of Late Middle Palaeolithic hominins. These results appear to capture a critical and until now elusive moment in hominin evolution, a period when two distinct tool-making groups, generally assumed to be <em>Homo sapiens</em> and Neanderthals, occupied the same region and likely interacted. However, careful comparison of results with site-specific sedimentological, taphonomic, archaeological, and chronometric data throw these correlations into question. Closer consideration of newly available glass geochemistry for Nemrut suggests further correlations: OK Layer 4c correlates to the V-30 tephra in Lake Van (∼42–37 ka); LKT-1 Lithostratigraphic Unit (LU) 4 correlates to both the ∼60 ka V-45/Çekmece and ∼62 ka V-51/Ahlat Pumice 6; and the younger LKT-1 LU 3 also correlates to the V-51, but with a different compositional range to those seen in the older LU 4. The only way to reconcile the range of compositions observed is that there are additional Nemrut eruptions that have similar glass chemistries to the deposits characterized, and that our current understanding of Nemrut's eruption stratigraphy is incomplete thus hampering our ability to resolve the age(s) of these distal tephra deposits with confidence. Therefore, while the analysis of cryptotephra holds great promise for understanding the timing of key evolutionary events, its application in the southern Caucasus and Armenian Highlands, and elsewhere, must be predicated on the careful consideration of site-specific contextual data rather than chemistry alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 109292"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Holocene hydroclimate and landscape changes as drivers of organic carbon cycling in a small northern Fennoscandian lake","authors":"Lilia E. Orozco ,&nbsp;Jan Weckström ,&nbsp;Mateusz Plociennik ,&nbsp;Annika K. Åberg ,&nbsp;J. Sakari Salonen ,&nbsp;Darren R. Gröcke ,&nbsp;Laura Arppe ,&nbsp;Maija Heikkilä","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lakes and ponds play a critical role in the high-latitude carbon cycle. Rapid climate warming, cryosphere degradation and increasing rainfall are transforming catchments and land-water interactions, altering lake carbon cycling in unprecedented ways. Here, we present Holocene (past 10.5 ka) sediment records from a small northern Fennoscandian lake to elucidate linkages of past hydroclimate change and lake carbon cycling. Using elemental and stable isotope composition of organic matter (C%, N%, δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N), age control from 23 radiocarbon dates, and a ground-penetrating radar survey of lake sediment layers, we reconstructed organic matter burial and sources, aided with a Bayesian end-member mixing model based on measurements from modern terrestrial and aquatic vegetation and particulate organic matter. The hydroclimate and lake hydrological regime changes were interpreted from lake-water ẟ¹⁸O (ẟ¹⁸O_lw) reconstructed from subfossil chironomid (Chironomidae; non-biting midges) head capsules and ẟ¹⁸O and ẟ²H monitoring of local meteoric, lake and groundwaters. The ẟ¹⁸O_lw and carbon burial mirror the Holocene temperature pattern, increasing in the cooler early Holocene, at their maxima in the warm mid-Holocene, and decreasing during the late Holocene cooling. The lake was dominated by aquatic organic matter through the Holocene, with benthic sources more dominant in the early Holocene and planktic in the late Holocene. A slight increase in the terrestrial organic matter proportion occurred in the warm and dry mid-Holocene despite reduced hydrological connectivity, which is contrary to the hypothesis that wetter climate increases allochtonous C burial. The higher mid-Holocene ẟ¹⁸O_lw values were superimposed by lower values at ca. 6.5 cal ka BP, interpreted as increased winter precipitation contributing to snowmelt and isotopically light groundwater impacting ẟ¹⁸O_lw. This interval is coupled with highly siliceous sediment deposition indicating marked aquatic productivity, possibly linked with inputs of groundwater rich in silica and phosphorous. Our findings underscore the importance of hydrological connectivity on both burial and sourcing of C in high-latitude lakes, and suggest that in future wetter climate, high-latitude lakes may play more important role as processors than sinks of carbon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"357 ","pages":"Article 109323"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Holocene vegetation history of the Mississippi River Delta: A regional synthesis","authors":"Kam-Biu Liu ,&nbsp;Junghyung Ryu","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The modern Mississippi River Delta (MRD) contains extensive areas of wetlands with a distinct vegetational zonation determined by a north-to-south salinity gradient. This paper presents the first reconstruction of Holocene ecological history of the MRD based on a review and regional synthesis of new multi-proxy records from four wetland sites across these vegetation zones. During the past 6 ka, ecological development in the MRD was primarily driven by the geological processes of delta lobe switching, as the Mississippi River formed six delta lobes along the coast. The progradation of the St. Bernard delta lobe during 4.6-2.6 ka delivered abundant freshwater and sediments to the northern sites, rapidly changing the estuarine or marine-influenced interdistributary environment to a freshwater lake, swamp, or marsh. Freshwater wetlands were widespread in the MRD during 2.3-0.7 ka, before they were progressively transformed into the modern saline and intermediate marshes in the southern sites over the past 700 years due to relative sea level rise. The arrival of black mangroves and its proliferation during the past century marked the latest chapter in the Holocene ecological history of the MRD. The modern vegetation zones—as governed by the salinity gradient—are relatively young ecosystems, having developed at their present locations for only a few hundred years. Human activity has played an increasingly important role in affecting the ecosystem and environment during the past 3000 years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"357 ","pages":"Article 109318"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of Indian monsoon precipitation and vegetation dynamics in the Bay of Bengal region since the last glacial period","authors":"Ananna Rahman ,&nbsp;Chuanxiu Luo ,&nbsp;Md Hafijur Rahaman Khan ,&nbsp;Sui Wan ,&nbsp;Yiping Yang ,&nbsp;Haicheng Wei ,&nbsp;Rong Xiang ,&nbsp;Lanlan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianguo Liu ,&nbsp;Xiang Su ,&nbsp;Yun Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) is among the major global climate systems and influences one-quarter of the world's population. However, the long-term variability of ISM precipitation from the last glacial to the present remains a subject of major debate. One debate concerns the precipitation change driven by the ISM from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2 to MIS 1, while another focuses on the varying degrees of monsoonal rainfall intensity across different warm periods (MIS 3 and MIS 1). In this study, we reconstruct high-resolution palynological records from two sediment cores (YDY10 and E87-32B) in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) to explore changes in regional vegetation and ISM precipitation since the last glacial period. The results show that the concentrations of terrigenous pollen-spore decrease with increasing offshore distance, primarily reflecting pollen-spore input and transportation from the Ganges-Brahmaputra (G-B) river basins. Significant shifts in evergreen broad-leaved pollen at ∼40.5 ka and ∼12 ka indicate notable changes in hydrodynamic forces and intense precipitation, reflecting strong ISM activity. Data from core E87-32B indicate that ISM precipitation during the early to middle Holocene (MIS 1) was higher than during MIS 3, likely influenced by summer solar insolation (SSI) on an orbital timescale. From the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the middle Holocene in MIS 1, the region experienced a transformation from extensive herbaceous vegetation to tropical and subtropical broad-leaved forests, followed by millennial-scale fluctuations in ISM precipitation in both cores. In core YDY10, broad-leaved forest pollen shows three distinct low values corresponding to Heinrich 1 (H1), Younger Dryas (YD), and the 8.2 ka cold and dry events, respectively, consistent with variations in the weakened Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). Meanwhile, in core E87-32B, the broad-leaved pollen percentage increase from the LGM to the early and middle Holocene, indicating stronger ISM precipitation and G-B river input. This suggests that the ISM variation in this period was driven by AMOC and other factors, such as river input. Overall, this study offers a comprehensive perspective on past climate and vegetation dynamics around the BoB region on orbital and millennial timescales and contributes to a better understanding of the controls on monsoonal rainfall under different boundary conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 109314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New global lacustrine brGDGTs temperature calibrations based on machine learning","authors":"Zeyang Zhu,&nbsp;Jing Wu,&nbsp;Guoqiang Chu,&nbsp;Jiaqi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) are ubiquitous bacterial membrane lipids that serve as a reliable proxy for paleotemperature reconstruction. The salinity and seasonal icing of lakes play a crucial role in brGDGT calibration, with calibrations varying between tropical, mid-high latitude, and freshwater versus non-freshwater lacustrine sediments, which complicates their universality. Furthermore, changes in a lake's salinity and seasonal icing during glacial and interglacial cycles can influence the accuracy of paleotemperature reconstructions across different time periods. In this study, we present improved global calibrations based on a comprehensive lacustrine brGDGT dataset consisting of 949 samples, utilizing methods such as linear regression for the fractional abundance of key brGDGTs and support vector machine regression with a linear kernel. The calibrations yield root mean square errors ranging from approximately 2.0 °C–2.6 °C for the test dataset, closely matching those obtained from the training dataset, indicating that the results are not overfitted. These calibrations show improved performance when applied to lake sediment sequences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"357 ","pages":"Article 109319"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143696652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights into the pre-Natufian Epipalaeolithic from the Ein Gev IV Nizzanan site (upper Jordan Valley)","authors":"Francesco Valletta,&nbsp;Leore Grosman","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The renewed excavation of the Ein Gev IV Epipalaeolithic (Nizzanan) site, in the Upper Jordan Valley, provides a novel insight into the long-durée process that, in hindsight, set the stage for the pivotal changes attested during the Late Epiplaeolithic Natufian and subsequent pre-Pottery Neolithic cultural entities. Based on the analysis of the archaeological deposit, the lithic assemblage, and a series of new radiometric dates it is possible to suggest that Ein Gev IV might have been occupied for a large part of the year as a residential site, embedded in a tight social network that included other Nizzanan sites in Transjordan and the Negev. The new data highlight the complexity of the pre-Natufian Epipalaeolithic population dynamics, and advocate for a paradigm shift, loosening the rigid separation between Early and Middle Epipalaeolithic cultural entities and focusing on how social and environmental factors might have affected the development and transmission of innovations between interconnected local populations over the whole pre-Natufian Epipalaeolithic period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 109294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Canis lupus ssp. (Mammalia, Carnivora) of the Baume Traucade (Issirac, Gard, France): A complete skeleton of a “dog-like” individual from the post-LGM","authors":"Mietje Germonpré ,&nbsp;Patrik Galeta ,&nbsp;Jean-Baptiste Fourvel ,&nbsp;Jean-Yves Bigot ,&nbsp;Laurent Bruxelles ,&nbsp;Hubert Camus ,&nbsp;Jessica Cohen ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Desclaux ,&nbsp;Kim Génuite ,&nbsp;Thierry Roger ,&nbsp;Robin Veyron ,&nbsp;Évelyne Crégut-Bonnoure","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Completely preserved canid skeletons dating from the Pleistocene are rare finds. Here, we describe such a unique discovery from Baume Traucade, a cave site in the municipality of Issirac in southern France, which presents a rare opportunity to study in detail a series of skeletal elements from the same individual. This canid was likely a female with an estimated body mass of 26 kg and a shoulder height of 62 cm. It has an age of approximately 16.0 to 15.3 cal ka BP. Impact marks on the lumbar vertebrae and ribs, along with circular perforations on one of the scapulae, suggest that this canid was wounded by humans shortly before its death. The Baume Traucade skeleton is compared to a series of reference groups, including fossil and extant wolves, as well as Palaeolithic, prehistoric, and recent dogs. Linear discriminant analysis of its ln-transformed raw craniometric variables assigns this canid to the putative Palaeolithic dog group with a posterior probability of 99.5% and a typicality probability of 49.8%. Linear discriminant analysis of its allometrically size-adjusted craniometric variables assigns it to the same group with a posterior probability of 96.7% and a typicality probability of 75.1%. Furthermore, based on univariate analyses of its mandible and long bones, the Baume Traucade canid also shows the closest affinity with the group of putative Palaeolithic dogs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 109288"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The human-driven ecological success of olive trees over the last 3700 years in the Central Mediterranean","authors":"Jordan Palli ,&nbsp;Sabina Fiolna ,&nbsp;Monica Bini ,&nbsp;Federico Cappella ,&nbsp;Adam Izdebski ,&nbsp;Alessia Masi ,&nbsp;Scott Mensing ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Nigro ,&nbsp;Gianluca Piovesan ,&nbsp;Laura Sadori ,&nbsp;Giovanni Zanchetta","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The olive grove is a globally recognized symbol of the Mediterranean landscape, yet its origins, ecology, and linkage to different cultures remain inadequately understood, especially in the Central and Western Mediterranean. To fill this gap, we provide new insights into the early exploitation of olive trees in Eastern Sicily (Italy) since the Early-Middle Bronze Age (18th cen. BCE, 3700 BP), through the integration of novel high-resolution palynological analyses of lake sediments at Pantano Grande (a.k.a. Lago di Ganzirri), paleoclimate proxies, and descriptions of socio-cultural changes from historical and archaeological sources. The study site is located along the Messina Strait: a trade and transit route used by seafarers to enter the Tyrrhenian Sea from the Eastern Mediterranean since prehistory. Vegetation changes, including the propagation of olive trees and other forms of land-use or rewilding, are found to be coincident with changing socio-cultural patterns over the last 3700 years. Our results suggest anthropogenic propagation of olive trees coinciding with three cultural stages: (i) Early-Middle Bronze Age (Castelluccio and Thapsos cultures); (ii) Roman times; (iii) Late Modern times (Kingdom of Sicily). This paper establishes an earlier date than previously recognized for the beginning of landscape transformations driven by olive tree exploitation in Italy, representing the second oldest evidence in the Central Mediterranean. We hypothesize that cultural exchanges between Sicily and the Aegean in the Early-Middle Bronze Age have promoted the use of wild olive trees in the Messina area. At that time, olive trees could have been used for various purposes, including fruit production, but also wood and forage for animals. The development of olive groves followed a gradual, multi-stage process in the Central Mediterranean, with large-scale cultivation appearing only in modern times. Although human impacts have contributed to the decline and local extinction of wild olive tree populations, it has also ensured the success of selected genotypes, enabling their adaptation to a wider range of environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 109313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental history in Western Anatolia (Turkey) since the Last Glacial Maximum","authors":"Mustafa Doğan ,&nbsp;Çetin Şenkul ,&nbsp;Jessie Woodbridge","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mediterranean landscapes have been shaped by complex interactions between climate, land use and fire over multi-millennial timescales. Understanding past trajectories of change provides knowledge of how modern landscapes emerged, which can be valuable for their sustainable management. The aim of this study is to reconstruct environmental change in Western Anatolia (Turkey) through palaeoecological analysis of sediment from Buldan Yayla Lake (Denizli-Buldan) from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the present, using a high-resolution and multi-proxy dataset. To this end, fossil pollen, micro-charcoal, non-pollen palynomorphs, micro (μ)-XRF and radiocarbon analyses were applied to an ∼18 m sediment core from Buldan Yayla Lake (Denizli-Buldan). According to the fossil pollen record, forest presence was low during the LGM (21000-18000 cal. BP), with the lowest value recorded at 5 % during this period due to cold and dry climatic condition. Forest presence began to increase with the transition to the Post-LGM period. Rapid forest development and high forest presence were observed in the lake record from the transition to the LGM until the late Holocene. Forest development in Western Anatolia occurred approximately 4,000 years earlier than in Europe according to the age-depth model developed for this record, though if a hiatus exists, this could reflect a shift of at least 1,300 years. High forest abundance during the late Glacial period was interrupted during the Younger Dryas (YD) and during the dry climatic periods of 9250–8900 and 7700 cal. BP. The late Holocene period was characterized by intensive land use, specifically olive cultivation, which reached its highest level in the Roman Imperial Period (during the ancient city of Tripolis era), and the highest olive percentage recorded in Anatolia (38.4 %) was reached. Forests were generally dominated by oaks, with pine forests replacing oak forests in the last 1350 (cal. BP) years. Micro-charcoal and non-pollen palynomorph data were low in concentration between the LGM and Holocene and began to increase with the Holocene transition reaching their highest values during the late Holocene. This study provides a reconstruction of long-term environmental change in Western Anatolia and reveals a significant relationship between climate variability and shifts in vegetation patterns, particularly highlighting the increasing frequency of fires and changes in land use during certain periods. This finding serves as an important example for understanding the relationships between climate, vegetation, fire, and land use in the Mediterranean Basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 109296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal reduction in Indian Monsoon rainfall during current warm period from the Holocene evolution perspective","authors":"Yafei Zou ,&nbsp;Luo Wang ,&nbsp;Wenying Jiang ,&nbsp;Enlou Zhang ,&nbsp;Guangxin Liu ,&nbsp;Haibo He ,&nbsp;Huiming Xu ,&nbsp;Shengrui Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiangzhong Li ,&nbsp;Bihui Zhang ,&nbsp;Long Han ,&nbsp;Houyuan Lu ,&nbsp;Hongbo Zheng ,&nbsp;Jule Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since the onset of post-industrial global warming, there remains significant controversy over whether the evolution of the Indian Monsoon has deviated from the natural baseline of ‘rainfall and heat synchronization’. This question requires a deep understanding of the long-term correlation between temperature and monsoon rainfall changes. We selected Yunlong Lake, a climate-sensitive subalpine lake located on the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, to study this issue. We semi-quantitatively revealed warm-season temperature changes using the relative abundance of warm-preference planktic diatoms, namely <em>Achnanthidium catenatum</em> and <em>Aulacoseira granulata</em> var. <em>angustissima</em>, found in our diatom seasonal survey. Meanwhile, by examining the spatial pattern of surface diatom assemblages along the water depth gradient, two diatom-water depth transfer functions were constructed by using the modern analogue technique (MAT) and weighted average partial least squares regression (WAPLS) method, which were used to quantitatively reconstruct past lake water level changes. Comparison with independent modern monitoring records, the warm-water diatom indicators and the two diatom transfer functions suggest to be sensitive and reliable for reconstructing long-term temperature and rainfall changes in the Indian Monsoon domain. Based on this, and relying on the complete Holocene sedimentary records from the profundal zone of the lake, we reconstructed the warm-season temperature changes and lake water level fluctuations during the Holocene. Our reconstruction indicates that the temperature and rainfall in the Indian Monsoon domain exhibit a synchronous, ‘three-stage’ stepwise change over the multi-millennial scale of the Holocene. These stages are roughly marked by the climate events of 8.2 ka and 4.2 ka, with the maximum warm-season temperature and lake water level occurring during the middle Holocene. We find that the maximum rainfall and heat during the middle Holocene in this region roughly coincide with the peak of warm-season (summer-autumn) insolation. This may be related to the significant thermal difference between land and ocean at that time, suggesting a synchronous change in rainfall and temperature in Indian Monsoon domain over long timescales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 109316"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}