Nature Geoscience最新文献

Outburst of a subglacial flood from the surface of the Greenland Ice Sheet 格陵兰冰盖表面冰下洪水的爆发

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01746-9

Jade S. Bowling, Malcolm McMillan, Amber A. Leeson, Stephen J. Livingstone, Andrew J. Sole, Felix S. L. Ng, Nanna B. Karlsson, Peter Nienow, Karla Boxall, Brice Noël, Michiel R. van den Broeke, Thomas Slater, Jennifer Maddalena, Louise Sandberg Sørensen, Sebastian B. Simonsen, Jérémie Mouginot, Romain Millan, Laura Melling, Liam Taylor, Angelika Humbert

{"title":"Outburst of a subglacial flood from the surface of the Greenland Ice Sheet","authors":"Jade S. Bowling, Malcolm McMillan, Amber A. Leeson, Stephen J. Livingstone, Andrew J. Sole, Felix S. L. Ng, Nanna B. Karlsson, Peter Nienow, Karla Boxall, Brice Noël, Michiel R. van den Broeke, Thomas Slater, Jennifer Maddalena, Louise Sandberg Sørensen, Sebastian B. Simonsen, Jérémie Mouginot, Romain Millan, Laura Melling, Liam Taylor, Angelika Humbert","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01746-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01746-9","url":null,"abstract":"As Earth’s climate warms, surface melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet has intensified, increasing rates of sea-level rise. Observations and theory indicate that meltwater generated at the ice sheet surface can drain to its bed, where it flows relatively unhindered to the ocean. This understanding of water movement within and beneath ice sheets underpins the theoretical models that are used to make projections of ice sheet change. Here we present evidence of a destructive mode of meltwater drainage in Greenland. Using multiple satellite sources, we show that a 90-million-cubic-metre subglacial flood forced its way upwards from the bed, fracturing the ice sheet, and bursting through the surface. This phenomenon was triggered by the rapid drainage of a subglacial lake and occurred in a region where the ice bed was predicted to be frozen. The resulting flood caused a rapid deceleration of the downstream marine-terminating glacier. Our observations reveal a complex, bi-directional coupling between the ice sheet’s surface and basal hydrological systems and demonstrate that extreme hydrological forcing may occur in regions of predicted cold-based ice. Such processes can impact the ice sheet’s dynamics and structural integrity but are not currently considered in ice sheet models.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144737016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Divergent phenological responses of soil microorganisms and plants to climate warming 土壤微生物和植物对气候变暖的不同物候响应

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01738-9

Hao Wang, Huimin Zhou, Jin-Sheng He, Chunyan Lu, Yixuan Huang, Juanjuan Zhang, Huiying Liu, Madhav P. Thakur

{"title":"Divergent phenological responses of soil microorganisms and plants to climate warming","authors":"Hao Wang, Huimin Zhou, Jin-Sheng He, Chunyan Lu, Yixuan Huang, Juanjuan Zhang, Huiying Liu, Madhav P. Thakur","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01738-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01738-9","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropogenic climate warming is altering phenology—the biological timing of life-cycle events—across trophic levels worldwide. However, it remains unclear whether warming induces differential changes in phenology between plants and soil microorganisms—two fundamental components of terrestrial biodiversity and food chains. Here we report a consistent mismatch between plant and soil microbial phenology under climate warming, on the basis of 1,032 globally distributed observations of phenological shifts in plant and/or soil microbial respiration in response to experimental warming. Advances in spring phenology and delays in autumn phenology are greater in soil microorganisms than in both plant shoots and roots, particularly under tall vegetation (for example, forests) compared with low vegetation (for example, grasslands). Furthermore, phenology shifts in soil microorganisms are greater in soils with high carbon-to-nitrogen ratios, such as those in boreal regions, than in those with lower ratios. Such phenological mismatches between plants and soil microorganisms could destabilize their temporal synchrony, decoupling above- and belowground processes, and ultimately degrading energy flow and ecosystem functioning under climate warming.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Localization of inelastic strain with fault maturity and effects on earthquake characteristics 非弹性应变随断层成熟度的局部化及其对地震特征的影响

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01752-x

C. Milliner, J. P. Avouac, J. F. Dolan, J. Hollingsworth

{"title":"Localization of inelastic strain with fault maturity and effects on earthquake characteristics","authors":"C. Milliner, J. P. Avouac, J. F. Dolan, J. Hollingsworth","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01752-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01752-x","url":null,"abstract":"Coseismic ruptures release stored elastic strain through a combination of shear displacement along localized, principal faults and distributed bulk inelastic failure of the surrounding material. How inelastic strain localizes as fault systems mature and structurally develop is less well understood owing to the difficulty of measuring the complex, near-field and high-strain regions of coseismic surface ruptures. Here we use radar and optical images to measure the near-field surface displacement field and magnitude of off-fault inelastic strain from 16 historic strike-slip earthquakes that occurred on faults with cumulative displacements and fault slip rates that span almost three orders of magnitude. We show that inelastic shear deformation does localize as fault systems mature: the magnitude of off-fault inelastic strain is largest (34–67%) for fault systems with the lowest cumulative displacements (<3 km) and then rapidly decays to values that saturate around 13–19% for the most ‘mature’ fault systems with cumulative displacements exceeding ~20 km. We find that more localized coseismic ruptures host faster ruptures, generate fewer aftershocks and occur along geometrically simpler fault networks.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144701453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serendipity’s role in advancing geoscience Serendipity在推进地球科学中的作用

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01748-7

Gustau Camps-Valls

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: Large CO2 removal potential of woody debris preservation in managed forests 作者更正：在管理的森林中保存木质碎片有很大的二氧化碳去除潜力

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01769-2

Yiqi Luo, Ning Wei, Xingjie Lu, Yu Zhou, Feng Tao, Quan Quan, Cuijuan Liao, Lifen Jiang, Jianyang Xia, Yuanyuan Huang, Shuli Niu, Xiangtao Xu, Ying Sun, Ning Zeng, Charles Koven, Liqing Peng, Steve Davis, Pete Smith, Fengqi You, Yu Jiang, Lailiang Cheng, Benjamin Houlton

引用次数: 0

Slab tearing along a subducted oceanic plate joint beneath the Alaska Peninsula 沿着阿拉斯加半岛下俯冲的大洋板块接合处的板块撕裂

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01749-6

Vincent Sassard, Xiaotao Yang, Lijun Liu, Julie Elliott

{"title":"Slab tearing along a subducted oceanic plate joint beneath the Alaska Peninsula","authors":"Vincent Sassard, Xiaotao Yang, Lijun Liu, Julie Elliott","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01749-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01749-6","url":null,"abstract":"Along-trench variations in various properties of subducted slabs have been inferred in subduction zones globally, yet the causes of these variations remain poorly understood. Along the Alaska Peninsula, the variation of slab (de)hydration and fluids shallower than 50-km depth cannot explain a seismicity gap below 150 km nor the abrupt changes in volcano density and arc orientation around Aniakchak volcano. Here we investigate the cause of these observations using seismic full-wave ambient noise tomography. Our 3D shear-wave velocity model reveals multiple high-velocity slab segments below about 50 km, with a much-lower-velocity segment broadly below Aniakchak. This low-velocity segment coincides with the inferred location of a subducted oceanic plate joint, where two sets of plate fabrics intersect, and with slab-normal fast directions in the asthenosphere indicated by seismic anisotropy. We infer that the subducted oceanic joint facilitated slab weakening and tearing, which has developed into a slab window below about 150 km, explaining the seismicity gap and slab-orthogonal mantle flow. Hence we suggest that oceanic plate joints may have an important role as potential weak zones in slabs and thus potentially influence subduction dynamics and seismicity.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regional aerosol warming enhanced by the diurnal cycle of low cloud 低云日循环增强了区域气溶胶增温

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01740-1

Ian Chang, Lan Gao, Adeyemi A. Adebiyi, Sarah J. Doherty, David Painemal, William L. Smith, Emily D. Lenhardt, Abdulamid A. Fakoya, Connor J. Flynn, Jianyu Zheng, Zhifeng Yang, Patricia Castellanos, Arlindo M. da Silva, Zhibo Zhang, Robert Wood, Paquita Zuidema, Sundar A. Christopher, Jens Redemann

{"title":"Regional aerosol warming enhanced by the diurnal cycle of low cloud","authors":"Ian Chang, Lan Gao, Adeyemi A. Adebiyi, Sarah J. Doherty, David Painemal, William L. Smith, Emily D. Lenhardt, Abdulamid A. Fakoya, Connor J. Flynn, Jianyu Zheng, Zhifeng Yang, Patricia Castellanos, Arlindo M. da Silva, Zhibo Zhang, Robert Wood, Paquita Zuidema, Sundar A. Christopher, Jens Redemann","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01740-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01740-1","url":null,"abstract":"Atmospheric aerosols are an important component of the Earth’s climate system and contribute substantial uncertainties to predictions of future climate change. In the southeast Atlantic, where expansive light-absorbing smoke aerosol plumes overlie semi-permanent stratocumulus clouds, the direct aerosol radiative effect (DARE) induces warming, but the magnitude of this effect varies widely among climate models. Thus, it is essential to improve estimates based on observations to help constrain model uncertainties. However, the impact of the observed cloud diurnal cycle on DARE remains unclear. Here we quantify DARE using radiative transfer modelling based on hourly satellite observations of clouds focusing on the region 20° S–0° and 10° W–15° E. We find that accounting for the observed cloud diurnal cycle over the southeast Atlantic, rather than assuming a constant early-afternoon cloud field throughout the entire day, results in a more than twofold increase (+1.7 ± 0.4 W m−2) in the regional mean aerosol radiative warming. The increase in DARE results from morning hours when cloud fractions and optical depths are higher. Neglect of the cloud diurnal cycle adds to the underestimated radiative warming in the southeast Atlantic associated with underestimated aerosol absorption among climate models. Future observations-based estimates of aerosol climatic effects need to account for the cloud diurnal cycle.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144645332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extensive fluvial surfaces at the East Antarctic margin have modulated ice-sheet evolution 东南极边缘广阔的河流表面调节了冰盖的演变

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01734-z

Guy J. G. Paxman, Stewart S. R. Jamieson, Neil Ross, Michael J. Bentley, Charlotte M. Carter, Tom A. Jordan, Xiangbin Cui, Shinan Lang, David E. Sugden, Martin J. Siegert

{"title":"Extensive fluvial surfaces at the East Antarctic margin have modulated ice-sheet evolution","authors":"Guy J. G. Paxman, Stewart S. R. Jamieson, Neil Ross, Michael J. Bentley, Charlotte M. Carter, Tom A. Jordan, Xiangbin Cui, Shinan Lang, David E. Sugden, Martin J. Siegert","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01734-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01734-z","url":null,"abstract":"Antarctic bed topography influences how the overlying ice sheet responds to climate change and provides a record of long-term glacial history. However, knowledge of the processes that governed the development of the landscape before glacial inception and how this modulated subsequent ice-sheet evolution remains limited. Here we use radio-echo sounding to reveal extensive flat surfaces beneath the ice margin between Princess Elizabeth Land and George V Land, East Antarctica. When their elevations are isostatically adjusted for unloading of the present-day ice load, these surfaces cluster at 200–450 metres above sea level and dip gently in an offshore direction. We show that the surfaces are fragments of a once-contiguous coastal plain formed by fluvial erosion, which dates from between the separation of East Antarctica from Australia (~100–80 Ma) and the onset of Southern Hemisphere ice-sheet glaciation (~34 Ma). The preservation of these landforms indicates a lack of intense, selective erosion of the surfaces throughout Antarctica’s glacial history. Fast-flowing ice has instead been directed through inherited tectonic structures and fluvial valleys, leading to the incision of overdeepened subglacial troughs between the flat surfaces and thus modulating the responsiveness of the ice sheet to climate change.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144603689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: Global emergent responses of stream microbial energetics to glacier shrinkage 作者更正：河流微生物能量学对冰川收缩的全球紧急响应

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01763-8

Tyler J. Kohler, Massimo Bourquin, Hannes Peter, Gabriel Yvon-Durocher, Robert L. Sinsabaugh, Nicola Deluigi, Michael Styllas, Tom J. Battin

引用次数: 0

Navigating drought 在干旱

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01753-w

引用次数: 0