Nature Geoscience最新文献

Northern ecosystem productivity reduced by Rossby-wave-driven hot–dry conditions 北方生态系统生产力因罗斯比波驱动的干热条件而降低

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01722-3

Xu Lian, Yangmingkai Li, Jiangong Liu, Kai Kornhuber, Pierre Gentine

{"title":"Northern ecosystem productivity reduced by Rossby-wave-driven hot–dry conditions","authors":"Xu Lian, Yangmingkai Li, Jiangong Liu, Kai Kornhuber, Pierre Gentine","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01722-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01722-3","url":null,"abstract":"Large-scale quasi-stationary Rossby waves in the tropospheric jet stream favour spatially compounding hot–dry and cold–wet weather across the northern hemisphere. However, how this circumglobal circulation pattern affects northern hemisphere ecosystem productivity remains unexplored. Here, using satellite proxies of vegetation photosynthesis, we assess the impact of Rossby wave-7 events during which the jet stream exhibits seven peaks and troughs and tends to produce prolonged weather anomalies. Our results show organized declines in vegetation productivity in warm cores and enhancement in cold cores at northern mid-latitudes during summer Rossby wave-7 events. Mid-latitude biomes within warm cores become much more susceptible to water limitations, resulting from an increased exposure to compound hot–dry (or cold–wet) extremes and a nonlinear physiological response to compound stressors. Of the warm cores analysed, wave events elevate the climatic risk of productivity declines by a factor of 8.3, 6.2 and 4.0 over western Europe, western Asia and the western United States, respectively, due to hot–dry extremes. In particular, 32–44% of the warm anomalies and 52–88% of the dry anomalies fall within the range of warmer–drier conditions projected for 2081–2100 by state-of-the-art climate models under a medium emissions scenario. Therefore, the observed Rossby-wave-driven impacts provide an indication of how a warmer–drier future climate could reduce the carbon uptake capacity of northern hemisphere ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144296159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The extra climate benefits of solar farms 太阳能农场的额外气候效益

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01716-1

Zhengyao Lu

引用次数: 0

Save the data 保存数据

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01729-w

引用次数: 0

Near-field evidence for early supershear rupture of the Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaraş earthquake in Turkey 土耳其7.8级kahramanmaraki地震早期超剪切破裂的近场证据

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01707-2

Ares Rosakis, Mohamed Abdelmeguid, Ahmed Elbanna

{"title":"Near-field evidence for early supershear rupture of the Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaraş earthquake in Turkey","authors":"Ares Rosakis, Mohamed Abdelmeguid, Ahmed Elbanna","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01707-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01707-2","url":null,"abstract":"The Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaraş/Pazarcik earthquake was larger and more destructive than was expected based on historical seismicity in southeastern Turkey in the past few centuries, raising questions about the nature of rupture initiation and propagation. Here we analyse near-field ground velocity records from seismometers to constrain the rupture propagation speed along the Narli splay fault, which hosted the initial rupture that eventually reached the main East Anatolian Fault. The measured particle velocities provide evidence for an early transition of the rupture from sub-Rayleigh to supershear behaviour, whereby the rupture speed exceeds that of the seismic shear waves. The near-in-situ field observational evidence is consistent with mechanistic understanding of supershear rupture. We estimate the instantaneous supershear rupture propagation speed to have been 1.55 times that of the shear wave speed and the sub-Rayleigh-to-supershear transition length to have been around 19.45 km. This work reveals the value of near-field instrumentation in characterizing the initiation of earthquakes along major faults.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144268773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Jadarite’s unique recipe Jadarite的独特配方

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01705-4

Francesco Putzolu, Robin N. Armstrong, Richard J. Herrington

引用次数: 0

Sustained decrease in inland East Antarctic surface mass balance between 2005 and 2020 2005年至2020年南极东部内陆地表物质平衡持续减少

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01699-z

Danhe Wang, Hongmei Ma, Xichen Li, Ye Hu, Zhengyi Hu, Chunlei An, Minghu Ding, Chuanjin Li, Su Jiang, Yuansheng Li, Siyu Lu, Bo Sun, Gang Zeng, Michiel van den Broeke, Guitao Shi

{"title":"Sustained decrease in inland East Antarctic surface mass balance between 2005 and 2020","authors":"Danhe Wang, Hongmei Ma, Xichen Li, Ye Hu, Zhengyi Hu, Chunlei An, Minghu Ding, Chuanjin Li, Su Jiang, Yuansheng Li, Siyu Lu, Bo Sun, Gang Zeng, Michiel van den Broeke, Guitao Shi","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01699-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01699-z","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate observations of surface mass balance are pivotal for assessing the Antarctic Ice Sheet mass balance and its link to climate dynamics. Studying regional changes in surface mass balance is challenging due to limited on-site observations and the susceptibility of measurements from snow pits and ice cores to localized disturbances. Satellite data and short-term localized measurements suggest no significant changes or a possible increase in surface mass balance across the East Antarctic Ice Sheet in recent decades, but these findings lack large-scale validation. Here we use observations from mass balance stakes to show a significant negative surface mass balance trend along the inland transect from Zhongshan Station to the Antarctic Ice Sheet summit (Dome A) during the period 2005–2020. The mean surface mass balance trend for the inland section over the 15-year period is −2.01 ± 0.37 kg m−2 yr–2, indicating a 35.5% decrease. This decrease is probably linked to enhanced zonal winds in the upper atmosphere and a deepened low-pressure system in the southern Indian Ocean. The former weakens meridional air transport to Antarctica, while the latter strengthens offshore winds over the study area, reducing onshore water vapour transport. These findings can be used to evaluate and improve regional climate models and refine estimates of contemporary Antarctic mass balance trends.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144268769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Passive degassing of lithospheric volatiles recorded in shallow young groundwater 浅层年轻地下水中岩石圈挥发物的被动脱气

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01702-7

R. L. Tyne, M. W. Broadley, D. V. Bekaert, P. H. Barry, O. Warr, J. B. Langman, I. Musan, W. J. Jenkins, A. M. Seltzer

{"title":"Passive degassing of lithospheric volatiles recorded in shallow young groundwater","authors":"R. L. Tyne, M. W. Broadley, D. V. Bekaert, P. H. Barry, O. Warr, J. B. Langman, I. Musan, W. J. Jenkins, A. M. Seltzer","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01702-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01702-7","url":null,"abstract":"The development of life on Earth has been enabled by its volatile-rich surface. The volatile budget of Earth’s surface is controlled by the balance between ingassing (for example, via subduction) and outgassing (for example, through magmatic and tectonic processes). Although volatiles within Earth’s interior are relatively depleted compared to CI chondrites, the total amount of volatiles within Earth is still substantial due to its vast size. However, the relative extent of diffuse degassing from Earth’s interior, not directly related to volcanism, is not well constrained. Here we use dissolved helium and high-precision argon isotopes combined with radiocarbon of dissolved inorganic carbon in groundwater from the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer (Washington and Idaho, USA). We identify mantle and crustal volatile sources and quantify their fluxes to the surface. Excess helium and argon in the groundwater indicate a mixture of sub-continental lithospheric mantle and crustal sources, suggesting that passive degassing of the sub-continental lithospheric mantle may be an important, yet previously unrecognized, outgassing process. This finding that considerable outgassing may occur even in volcanically quiescent parts of the crust is essential for quantifying the long-term global volatile mass balance.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144218703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-collisional orogeny in northeast Japan driven by nearby same-dip double subduction 近同倾双俯冲驱动的日本东北部非碰撞造山运动

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01704-5

Guido M. Gianni, Zonglin Guo, Adam F. Holt, Claudio Faccenna

{"title":"Non-collisional orogeny in northeast Japan driven by nearby same-dip double subduction","authors":"Guido M. Gianni, Zonglin Guo, Adam F. Holt, Claudio Faccenna","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01704-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01704-5","url":null,"abstract":"Same-dip double subduction systems influence plate kinematics, geometry and mantle flow within the region bounded by the two subduction zones. However, whether these effects extend to nearby plate margin tectonics remains an open question. Furthermore, the range of geodynamic processes operating in these margins and driving non-collisional orogeny (that is, the formation of Andean-type mountain ranges) is not yet fully understood. Here we explore the potential geodynamic connection between the tectonic evolution of northeast Japan and the development of the Ryukyu/Izu–Bonin–Marianas same-dip double subduction using three-dimensional geodynamic models. We find that this same-dip double subduction drags the Pacific trench westwards, resulting in northward-propagating trench advance and compression affecting the northeastern Japan arc and back-arc. We thus propose that the dynamics of the Ryukyu/Izu–Bonin–Marianas same-dip double subduction over the past ~10–5 Myr drove the enigmatic plate kinematics responsible for non-collisional orogeny and back-arc subduction initiation in northeast Japan since ~6–3.5 Myr ago, which has made this region prone to catastrophic earthquakes. We also suggest that same-dip double subduction explains various ancient episodes of widespread non-collisional orogenesis and represents a mechanism through which subduction zones establish the plate kinematic conditions necessary for non-collisional orogenesis.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"331 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144218699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Earth’s exhale 地球的呼气

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01710-7

Daniele L. Pinti

引用次数: 0

Flash drought impacts on global ecosystems amplified by extreme heat 极端高温加剧了突发性干旱对全球生态系统的影响

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01719-y

Lei Gu, Dominik L. Schumacher, Erich M. Fischer, Louise J. Slater, Jiabo Yin, Sebastian Sippel, Jie Chen, Pan Liu, Reto Knutti

{"title":"Flash drought impacts on global ecosystems amplified by extreme heat","authors":"Lei Gu, Dominik L. Schumacher, Erich M. Fischer, Louise J. Slater, Jiabo Yin, Sebastian Sippel, Jie Chen, Pan Liu, Reto Knutti","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01719-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01719-y","url":null,"abstract":"Flash droughts—characterized by their rapid onset—can cause devastating socioeconomic and agricultural damage. During such events, soil moisture depletion is driven not only by precipitation shortages but also by the elevated atmospheric moisture demand arising due to extreme heat. However, the role of extreme heat in shaping the evolution of flash droughts and their ecological impacts remains uncertain. Here we investigate the processes involved by analysing global reanalysis data from 1950 to 2022. We find that, when flash droughts are accompanied by extreme heat, they exhibit 6.7–90.8% higher severity and 8.3–114.3% longer recovery time than flash droughts without extreme heat. The presence of extreme heat during flash droughts accelerates soil moisture drawdown over high latitudes, where wet soils and enhanced radiation foster evapotranspiration. By contrast, it slows the absolute onset speed in subtropical transitional climate zones owing to evapotranspiration throttling. Our machine learning approach further reveals that hot flash droughts lead to sharper declines in ecosystem productivity, particularly in croplands, thereby threatening global food security. These findings underscore the pressing need for enhanced infrastructure and ecosystem resilience to hot flash droughts in a warming future.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144193052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0