Nature Geoscience最新文献

Deep mantle heterogeneities formed through a basal magma ocean contaminated by core exsolution 深部地幔非均质性形成于受岩心溶出污染的基底岩浆海洋

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01797-y

Jie Deng, Yoshinori Miyazaki, Qian Yuan, Zhixue Du

{"title":"Deep mantle heterogeneities formed through a basal magma ocean contaminated by core exsolution","authors":"Jie Deng, Yoshinori Miyazaki, Qian Yuan, Zhixue Du","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01797-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01797-y","url":null,"abstract":"Earth’s lowermost mantle harbours two large low-velocity provinces with patches of ultralow-velocity zones. These seismic anomalies may retain geochemical signatures distinct from the surrounding mantle. Yet, their origin remains enigmatic. One proposed explanation is the differentiation of an early-formed basal magma ocean. However, the presence of an excessively thick layer of iron-rich ferropericlase in the crystallized basal magma ocean conflicts with seismic tomography models. Here we use combined thermodynamic and geodynamic modelling to investigate the crystallization of a basal magma ocean continuously contaminated by oxide exsolved from the core, termed the basal exsolution contaminated magma ocean. We find suppression of ferropericlase crystallization. Geodynamic modelling demonstrates that the solidified contaminated magma ocean mantle can lead to the formation of deep mantle structures consistent with large low-velocity provinces and ultralow-velocity zones. In addition, diapirs of core exsolution entrained into the solid mantle may cause small-scale scattering. The basal exsolution contaminated magma ocean inherits the silicon, tungsten and helium isotope compositions from the core and exhibits trace element enrichments, suggesting its possible role as a source material for ocean island basalts that may sample the large low-velocity provinces, pointing to a unified mechanism for forming deep mantle heterogeneities.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"310 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145035568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Barite the heavyweight champion 重晶石是重量级冠军

IF 16.1 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01780-7

Fang Huang, Tingting Chen

引用次数: 0

A baby star is born 一颗小星星诞生了

IF 16.1 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01796-z

Tamara Goldin

引用次数: 0

Soil carbon sequestration enhanced by long-term nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization 长期氮磷肥对土壤固碳的促进作用

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01789-y

Sheng Tang, Wankun Pan, Yuanhe Yang, Zhongkui Luo, Wolfgang Wanek, Yakov Kuzyakov, Karina A. Marsden, Guopeng Liang, David R. Chadwick, Andrew S. Gregory, Lianghuan Wu, Yongchao Liang, Qingxu Ma, Davey L. Jones

{"title":"Soil carbon sequestration enhanced by long-term nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization","authors":"Sheng Tang, Wankun Pan, Yuanhe Yang, Zhongkui Luo, Wolfgang Wanek, Yakov Kuzyakov, Karina A. Marsden, Guopeng Liang, David R. Chadwick, Andrew S. Gregory, Lianghuan Wu, Yongchao Liang, Qingxu Ma, Davey L. Jones","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01789-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01789-y","url":null,"abstract":"Soil organic carbon is crucial for climate mitigation and agroecosystem sustainability, yet its depletion is concerning and its response to long-term fertilization remains unclear. Here we leverage the Broadbalk Classical Experiment at Rothamsted (UK), the world’s longest-running continuous winter wheat fertilization trial, along with 14C labelling, metagenomics and metabolomics to determine how 180 years of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization impact soil organic carbon dynamics. Compared with no fertilization, long-term P, N and combined NP fertilization increased the soil organic carbon content by 10%, 22% and 28%, respectively. P application alone disproportionately increased microbial respiration (37%) and biomass (20%), limiting stable carbon formation and slightly increasing labile carbon. N application alone increased microbial carbon use and necromass accumulation efficiency, increasing mineral-associated carbon build-up. Combined NP fertilization enhanced plant-derived carbon inputs and the transformation of labile carbon into stable carbon, increasing soil organic carbon quantity and stability. A meta-analysis of the effects of fertilization duration on soil organic carbon revealed that N and P fertilization globally increased cropland soil organic carbon by 21% and 13%, and these promoting effects decreased before increasing after 16 and 34 years, respectively. Overall, long-term mineral fertilization can effectively enhance soil carbon sequestration.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145025867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced West Antarctic ice loss triggered by polynya response to meridional winds 经向风引起的冰堆反应导致南极西部冰损失加剧

IF 16.1 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01757-6

Gemma K. O’Connor, Yoshihiro Nakayama, Eric J. Steig, Kyle C. Armour, LuAnne Thompson, Shuntaro Hyogo, Mira Berdahl, Taketo Shimada

{"title":"Enhanced West Antarctic ice loss triggered by polynya response to meridional winds","authors":"Gemma K. O’Connor, Yoshihiro Nakayama, Eric J. Steig, Kyle C. Armour, LuAnne Thompson, Shuntaro Hyogo, Mira Berdahl, Taketo Shimada","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01757-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41561-025-01757-6","url":null,"abstract":"West Antarctic outlet glaciers are in a stage of rapid ice loss, modulated by wind-driven exposure to warm ocean water. Rapid ice loss probably began in the mid-twentieth century and is often attributed to warmer ocean conditions near the ice shelves driven by strengthening westerly winds at the continental shelf break. This westerly wind trend is a feature of some historical climate simulations but is not supported by proxy (for example, ice-core, tree-ring) observations. Here we present an ensemble of regional ocean simulations and proxy-constrained climate reconstructions and show that shelf-break westerlies are a poor indicator of ocean conditions near the ice shelves. Instead, cumulative northerly wind anomalies close coastal polynyas (open-water regions), driving anomalous warming and freshening near the ice shelves, increasing ice-shelf melting. The increased meltwater leads to strengthening of the undercurrent that supplies warm water, further increasing melting. Our results highlight the importance of local northerly winds and associated sea ice changes for ice-shelf melting in West Antarctica. Proxy reconstructions show a significant historical northerly wind trend in this region, providing the atmospheric forcing that can explain the initiation of West Antarctic glacier retreat in the mid-twentieth century. Ocean simulations and proxy-constrained climate reconstructions suggest that the rapid retreat of West Antarctic outlet glaciers was initiated by local northerly wind trends over the twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"18 9","pages":"840-847"},"PeriodicalIF":16.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carbon storage in coastal wetlands 沿海湿地的碳储量

IF 16.1 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01773-6

Caroline L. Peacock

引用次数: 0

Bennu up close and mineralogical 近距离观察Bennu和矿物学

IF 16.1 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01799-w

引用次数: 0

Warming depletes topsoil nitrogen stocks in a Tibetan permafrost ecosystem

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01794-1

引用次数: 0

Progressive decline in soil nitrogen stocks with warming in a Tibetan permafrost ecosystem

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01786-1

Bin Wei, Dianye Zhang, Carolina Voigt, Wei Zhou, Yuxuan Bai, Zhihu Zheng, Yuhong Xie, Chunbao Zhao, Feiqi Wang, Luyao Huang, Guibiao Yang, Dan Kou, Yunfeng Peng, Yiqi Luo, Josep Peñuelas, Yuanhe Yang

{"title":"Progressive decline in soil nitrogen stocks with warming in a Tibetan permafrost ecosystem","authors":"Bin Wei, Dianye Zhang, Carolina Voigt, Wei Zhou, Yuxuan Bai, Zhihu Zheng, Yuhong Xie, Chunbao Zhao, Feiqi Wang, Luyao Huang, Guibiao Yang, Dan Kou, Yunfeng Peng, Yiqi Luo, Josep Peñuelas, Yuanhe Yang","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01786-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01786-1","url":null,"abstract":"Permafrost regions contain a substantial fraction of Earth’s soil nitrogen, which is vulnerable to climate change. The response of this crucial N stock to warming could impact the permafrost–climate feedback by altering plant productivity, microbial decomposition and nitrous oxide emissions. However, the long-term trajectory of soil N stocks in response to warming remains unclear. Here we present results from a ten-year field warming experiment in a permafrost ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau. We made repeated measurements of soil N stocks to 50 cm depth and assessed 28 N-cycling variables to explore three primary pathways affecting soil N stocks, including N inputs, microbial N transformations and N losses. Our results reveal that, despite no changes being observed during the initial years of the experiment, warmed plots experienced a decline in surface soil N stocks (an average 7.7% reduction relative to control plots) after eight years of warming. This decrease is associated with the enhanced N sequestration in perennial plant biomass, increased ecosystem N leaching and gaseous N losses from soils. Our findings underscore the vulnerability of soil N stocks in permafrost regions to ongoing warming, and suggest that the potential permafrost–climate feedback may be stronger than previously anticipated.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144928263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seismic evidence for oceanic plate delamination offshore Southwest Iberia 伊比利亚西南部近海海洋板块剥离的地震证据

IF 18.3 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01781-6

João C. Duarte, Nicolas Riel, Chiara Civiero, Sónia Silva, Filipe M. Rosas, Wouter P. Schellart, Jaime Almeida, Pedro Terrinha, António Ribeiro

{"title":"Seismic evidence for oceanic plate delamination offshore Southwest Iberia","authors":"João C. Duarte, Nicolas Riel, Chiara Civiero, Sónia Silva, Filipe M. Rosas, Wouter P. Schellart, Jaime Almeida, Pedro Terrinha, António Ribeiro","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01781-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01781-6","url":null,"abstract":"Subduction of oceanic lithosphere and delamination of continental lithosphere constitute the two predominant mechanisms by which the Earth’s surface is recycled into the mantle. Continental plate delamination typically occurs in collisional orogens by the separation of the lithospheric mantle from the overlying lighter crust, aided by weak layers within continental lithosphere. By contrast, oceanic lithosphere is generally considered to be sufficiently rigid to inhibit delamination. Here we show from seismic imaging and numerical simulations that delamination of oceanic lithosphere is occurring offshore Southwest Iberia. Specifically, seismic tomography reveals a high-velocity anomaly that we interpret as a delaminating block of old oceanic lithosphere, a process that we reproduce with numerical simulations. We propose that this process was triggered by plate convergence and assisted by a thick serpentinized layer that allows the lithospheric mantle to decouple from the overlying crust. We suggest that such oceanic delamination may facilitate subduction initiation, a long-unsolved problem in the theory of plate tectonics, and may be responsible for some of the highest-magnitude earthquakes in Europe, including the M8.5–8.7 Great Lisbon Earthquake of 1755 and the M7.9 San Vincente Earthquake of 1969.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0